British Journal of Sports Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Exercise parameters to consider for Achilles tendinopathy: a modified Delphi study with international experts","authors":"Yoann Demangeot, Seth O’Neill, Francis Degache, Amandine Rapin, Umer Asgher, Hakan Alfredson, Rachel Chester, Ruth L Chimenti, Robert-Jan de Vos, Adrian Escriche-Escuder, Kenneth Farnqvist, Bas Habets, Nicola Maffulli, Stig Peter Magnusson, Peter Malliaras, Myles C Murphy, Craig R Purdam, Jonathan D Rees, Ebonie K Rio, Igor Sancho, Alex Scott, Karin Gravare Silbernagel, Vincent Gremeaux, François C Boyer, Redha Taiar","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-110183","url":null,"abstract":"To assess the level of agreement among experts on the heel raise exercise parameters that influence midportion and insertional Achilles tendinopathy (AT) rehabilitation outcomes. An international expert panel in AT rehabilitation was invited to complete a three-round Delphi survey. In the first two rounds, experts were asked to review a pregenerated list of exercise parameters (based on the heel raise exercise) and rate their perceived influence on rehabilitation outcome, using a 5-point Likert scale. For each parameter, consensus criteria for major influence on rehabilitation were (a) median≥4, (b) ≥75% of scoring 4 or 5 and (c) IQR≤1. The third round aimed to rank the exercise parameters according to importance (from most to least important) during rehabilitation. 17 experts participated in the entire Delphi process. A total of 16 exercise parameters were assessed, of which 4 (intensity of contraction, total time under tension, number of repetitions and sets, type of contraction) reached consensus as having a major influence on rehabilitation for midportion AT and 3 reached consensus for insertional AT (range of ankle dorsiflexion during the exercise, intensity of contraction, number of repetitions and sets). The rankings of parameters that reached consensus showed that contraction intensity was perceived as the most important variable for midportion AT rehabilitation, while range of ankle dorsiflexion was deemed the most important variable for insertional AT rehabilitation. This study identified key exercise parameters for mid-portion and insertional AT rehabilitation based on expert opinion. This information should assist practitioners in optimising their approach to deliver more effective, patient-specific exercises for AT rehabilitation.","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144915672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustained benefits of blood flow restriction therapy in knee osteoarthritis rehabilitation: 1-year follow-up of a randomised controlled trial","authors":"Ewoud Jacobs, Lenka Stroobant, Erik Witvrouw, Jan Victor, Félicien Acx, Jan van der Jeugt, Joke Schuermans, Evi Wezenbeek","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2024-109524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2024-109524","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a leading cause of global disability and remains challenging to treat. Blood flow restriction (BFR) shows promising rehabilitation outcomes, but its lasting effects in KOA are lacking. This study aimed to determine the 1-year outcomes of a BFR-enhanced exercise therapy programme in patients with KOA. Methods This study included 120 patients (33 male, 87 female) from a previously published randomised controlled trial comparing 12 weeks of traditional exercise therapy with and without BFR, performed twice per week. For the current analysis, patients were reassessed at 1 year. The primary outcome was the Knee Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) questionnaire, with secondary outcomes including muscle strength and a functional test battery. Data on knee joint injections and activity levels were also reviewed at 1-year follow-up. Analyses consisted of linear mixed models with Dunn-Sidak corrections for multiple comparisons, with an intention to treat approach ([NCT04996680][1]). Results Clinically meaningful improvements at 1 year were found in favour of the BFR group for KOOS subscales ‘pain’ (mean difference (MD): 15.1 points ES=0.79, p=0.0039), ‘symptoms’ (MD: 10.5 points, ES=0.51, p=0.0074), ‘activities of daily living’ (ADL) (MD: 11.3 points, ES=0.54, p=0.0054) and ‘quality of life’ (QoL) (MD: 14.7 points, ES=0.61, p=0.0032) compared with exercise therapy without BFR. The BFR group outperformed the non-BFR group for the functional tests, and muscle strength remained significantly higher at 1 year in the BFR group (ES=0.48, p=0.0010) as opposed to no BFR. The BFR group was more active by 1.5 hours/week (p=0.036) and had 3.6 times lower odds of receiving knee injections compared with the non-BFR group. Conclusion A 12-week BFR-enhanced exercise therapy programme provides benefits for pain, symptoms, ADL, QoL, muscle strength and functional capacity at 1-year follow-up while reducing the need for knee injections by 63.4% compared with traditional exercise therapy alone. Data are available upon reasonable request. Data are available upon reasonable request. Requests for data sharing from appropriate researchers and entities will be considered on a case-by-case basis. Interested parties should contact EJ. [1]: /lookup/external-ref?link_type=CLINTRIALGOV&access_num=NCT04996680&atom=%2Fbjsports%2Fearly%2F2025%2F08%2F21%2Fbjsports-2024-109524.atom","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144899206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tearing and rebuilding: a posterior cruciate ligament injury patient’s renewed understanding of sports","authors":"Lingjie Chen","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-110400","url":null,"abstract":"Once a person skilled in sport, I suffered a right knee posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) tear during a basketball game. This severe injury plunged me into a low point in my sport journey. Through years of reflection, I gained a renewed perspective on sports and rehabilitation, ultimately reigniting my passion for movement. From a young age, I excelled on the track, winning medals in 100-metre and 200-metre sprints that adorned my room. In the autumn of 2017, after completing my first year of medical school, I enlisted in the military. Rigorous training there unlocked my athletic potential—pull-ups increased from 10 to 30 reps, and my 5-kilometre weighted cross-country run time dropped below 19 min. My natural talent fostered a ‘sense of competence’ in sports, driving me to push boundaries and savour the resulting ‘sense of accomplishment’. Back then, I never imagined a serious knee injury lay ahead, nor did …","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144840054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breastfeeding-injury link: are concerns warranted?","authors":"Paris A T Jones, Emma Brockwell, Amal Hassan, Sinead Dufour, Margie H Davenport","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2024-109310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2024-109310","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Recreational and elite athletes report avoiding breastfeeding when returning to physical activity following childbirth due to a perceived increased risk of injury; yet, there are no empirical data to support this relationship. We aimed to examine the complex interaction of breastfeeding and physical activity and its potential impact on musculoskeletal injury.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Individuals (≥18 years) who participated in physical activity during their first year following childbirth were recruited to complete an online questionnaire that covered maternal demographics, reproductive history, health outcomes (preconception to postpartum), breastfeeding habits, physical activity characteristics and musculoskeletal conditions and complaints.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>590 people completed the survey (age at delivery 33.0±3.5, months postpartum 27.9±26.7) and identified that 22% (n=129) reported a musculoskeletal injury in the first year after childbirth. The proportion of individuals exclusively breastfeeding for a minimum of 6 months following delivery was not different between injured and non-injured groups (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.65 to 1.45). However, a previous or current history of an eating disorder increased the risk of postpartum injury (OR 2.76, 95% CI 1.54 to 4.94). A 50% decrease in weekly metabolic equivalent of task minutes from preconception to trimester 1 or trimester 2 was associated with an 89% increased risk of postpartum injury (OR 1.89, 95% CI 1.25 to 2.86; p=0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this retrospective study, breastfeeding did not increase the risk of musculoskeletal injury during the postpartum period. Maintaining preconception physical activity during pregnancy may reduce the risk of postpartum injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144815764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An innovative, athlete-centred approach to mental health at the Olympic Games Paris 2024.","authors":"Scott Sloan,Jessica Bartley,Chantal Buchser,Jane S Thornton,Gloria Viseras,Kirsty Burrows","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2024-109555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2024-109555","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144812867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suicide in the sporting afterlife: lessons from the passing of Graham Thorpe","authors":"Thomas McCabe, Paul Gorczynski","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-109781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-109781","url":null,"abstract":"Graham Thorpe played in 100 Test matches for the England national cricket team, with his last being in 2005. He scored 16 centuries within this form of the game and subsequently went on to coach within elite-level cricket in the years that followed.1 Sadly, Graham died by suicide, aged 55 years, in August 2024.2 Family, friends and many former teammates expressed their sorrow through the media around his passing and spoke fondly of their time spent with him. Suicide rates for men in England and Wales within late middle life continue to be relatively higher when compared with that of other stages of life and sex.3 Previous concerns with regard to a high death rate by suicide within retired or currently playing elite-level cricketers have largely been debunked.4 So why is it necessary to comment on the death of Graham? Within this editorial, we aim to explore issues of suicide and retirement from competitive sport while also providing suggestions on how learning and prevention can be maximised ‘sport-wide’. When a sports star dies suddenly, there is often speculation of cause of death. Thereafter, attribution can be made of sport-specific factors such as performance level or career transitions, contributing to eventual mortality outcome—often without scientific medical evidence. Factual reporting can be influenced by fear that …","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144796944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An athlete's note on the IOC consensus statement on relative energy deficiency in sport: the need for coach education.","authors":"Susan Rg Douglas","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2024-109563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2024-109563","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"114 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144791970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health promotion in elite Para sport: bridging knowledge gaps and addressing individual needs—a qualitative evaluation of the Safe and Healthy Para sport (SHAPE) intervention","authors":"Eirik Halvorsen Wik, Göran Kenttä, Marelise Badenhorst, Wayne Derman, Maaike Eken, Lovemore Kunorozva, Jan Lexell, Phoebe Runciman, Kristina Fagher","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-109958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-109958","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To qualitatively explore the perceptions of Para athletes, coaches and stakeholders of the implementation, use and effects of the health promotion intervention ‘Safe and Healthy Para sport’ (SHAPE). A secondary aim was to explore participants’ perceptions of how safety and health in Para sport could be further developed. Methods As part of a process evaluation, this qualitative, descriptive study applied a thematic analysis approach. In total, 18 participants (athletes, coaches and staff) from Sweden and South Africa participated in three focus groups. Results Three themes were generated from the focus groups: ‘how to reach every Para athlete in implementation and use’, ‘proactive athlete growth and support’, and ‘opportunities for sustainable Para sport’. Participants perceived that the SHAPE intervention was end-user friendly and that it was difficult to find health promotion material for Para athletes elsewhere. Athletes had used the health information to recover from injuries, and their awareness of mental health conditions had increased. Athletes also identified a need for more individualised content, but some athletes were not aware of the health platform. It was suggested that health promotion in Para sport could be better facilitated by peer support. The weekly athlete health monitoring fostered a sense of accountability both among athletes and within the sports organisation, but participants still perceived that medical evaluations are mostly neglected in Para sport and voiced a need to strengthen medical and economic support structures. Conclusion Health promotion can be used to improve health and well-being among Para athletes. However, it was challenging to reach out to the individual athlete, suggesting that health promotion should be implemented in each layer of the socioecological model within Para sport. Data are available upon reasonable request.","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"112 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144786757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infographic. The race to reduce injury and illness in professional road cycling.","authors":"Thomas Fallon,Rory Nolan,Alan Rankin,John Peters,Neil Heron","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-109867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-109867","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"164 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144792041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A framework for safe, healthy and sustainable participation in elite Para sport","authors":"Kristina Fagher, Phoebe Runciman, Faatima Adam, Marelise Badenhorst, Maaike Eken, Hera Johannesdottir, Göran Kenttä, Lovemore Kunorozva, Jan Lexell, Adam Stenman, Eirik Halvorsen Wik, Wayne Derman","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-109959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-109959","url":null,"abstract":"Para athletes report relatively high rates of sports injuries and illnesses compared with non-disabled athletes as well as other health problems related to impairments, overuse injuries in daily life and mental distress.1 2 Additionally, many Para athletes at elite level need to navigate common life stressors such as maintaining a work-life balance, transitioning careers, financial uncertainty and parenthood. Despite all these challenges, most preventive frameworks, return to play protocols, pre-participation programmes and athlete health consensus guidelines in sports remain unsuitable to the unique needs of Para athletes. Moreover, the knowledge about Para athletes’ health is scarce within the sports and exercise community, and many athletes do not have the same support structures as non-disabled athletes.3 Para athletes live with an impairment as a result of a confirmed medical diagnosis and are often at risk of secondary health conditions that could have an impact both on their daily activities and participation in sport. Therefore, there is a pressing need to enhance their well-being at both primary, secondary and tertiary health levels. Additionally, Haddon’s injury prevention matrix suggests that most health incidents are a sequence of events representing a continuum of different factors related to the individual, the physical and social environment.4 Hence, we need to think broadly when it comes to injury and illness prevention in Para sport. Recently, it has been suggested that health promotion is an appropriate tool for injury and illness prevention within the Para sports context due to its broad reach and engagement.5 To effectively facilitate the development, communication and …","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144786756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}