British Journal of Sports Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Exploration of esports on its participation, health and performance: a mixed-methods study (PhD Academy Award)","authors":"Di Tang","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-109820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-109820","url":null,"abstract":"I investigated how physical exercise influences esports performance and examined fundamental issues in esports development through five interconnected studies. This research focused on establishing standardised terminology, analysing health impacts, exploring gender participation patterns and evaluating the effectiveness of structured exercise programmes in enhancing competitive gaming performance. Esports has gained recognition as a formal sport and made appearances in major international events like the Asian Games. However, several critical issues remain unresolved. First, the lack of standardised terminology creates confusion in research methodology and result interpretation, hindering academic development.1 Second, while esports is frequently associated with negative health outcomes,2 existing studies have methodological limitations and fail to distinguish between casual gaming and esports.3 Most importantly, as esports athletes become increasingly professional, their typically short career spans, often attributed to health issues, highlight the urgent need to explore the potential benefits of traditional sports training methods.4 5 While preliminary evidence suggests physical exercise may enhance cognitive function, reaction time and sustained attention, systematic empirical evidence remains scarce.6 7 Additionally, despite the increasing number of female participants in esports, particularly in mobile gaming, research on gender-specific experiences and barriers remains insufficient. Indeed, for esports to develop into a formally recognised competitive sport with status equal to traditional athletics and gain global recognition, its equality and inclusivity are crucial.8 Therefore, developing a deeper understanding of …","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143723164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amount and intensity of daily total physical activity, step count and risk of incident cancer in the UK Biobank","authors":"Alaina H Shreves, Scott R Small, Rosemary Walmsley, Shing Chan, Pedro F Saint-Maurice, Steven C Moore, Keren Papier, Kezia Gaitskell, Ruth C Travis, Charles E Matthews, Aiden Doherty","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2024-109360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2024-109360","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives To investigate associations between daily physical activity, activity intensity and step counts with incident cancer risk. Methods Prospective analysis of UK Biobank participants who wore wrist-based accelerometers for 7 days, followed for cancer incidence (mean follow-up 5.8 years, SD 1.3). Time-series machine-learning models derived total physical activity, sedentary behaviour (SB), light-intensity physical activity (LIPA), moderate-vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) and step counts. The outcome was a composite of 13 cancers previously associated with low physical activity in questionnaire-based studies. Cox proportional hazard models estimated HRs and 95% CIs, adjusted for demographic, health and lifestyle factors. We also explored associations of LIPA, MVPA and SB with cancer risk. Results Among 85 394 participants (median age 63 (IQR 56–68)), 2633 were diagnosed with cancer during follow-up. Compared with individuals in the lowest quintile of total physical activity (<21.6 milligravity units), those in the highest (34.3+) had a 26% lower cancer risk (HR=0.74 (95% CI 0.65 to 0.84)). After mutual adjustment, LIPA (HR=0.94 (95% CI 0.90 to 0.98)) and MVPA (HR=0.87 (95% CI 0.79 to 0.94)) were associated with lower risk, but SB was not. Similar associations were observed for substituting 1 hour/day of SB with LIPA or MVPA. Daily step counts were inversely associated with cancer, with the dose-response beginning to plateau at around 9 000 steps/day (HR=0.89 (95% CI 0.83 to 0.96) 7000 vs 5000 steps; HR=0.84 (95% CI 0.76 to 0.93) 9000 vs 5000 steps). There was no significant association between stepping intensity (peak 30-minute cadence) and cancer after adjusting for step count. Conclusion Total physical activity, LIPA, MVPA and step counts were inversely associated with incident cancer. Data may be obtained from a third party and are not publicly available. This research was conducted using the UK Biobank Resource under Application Number 59070. Data are accessible through the UK Biobank following an application process and approval from the UK Biobank Research Ethics Committee.","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143712930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic liability to sedentary behaviour and cardiovascular disease incidence in the FinnGen and HUNT cohorts","authors":"Laura Joensuu, Kaisa Koivunen, Niko Paavo Tynkkynen, Teemu Palviainen, Jaakko Kaprio, FinnGen Consortium, Marie Klevjer, Karsten Øvretveit, Ulrik Wisløff, Anja Bye, Ulf Ekelund, Elina Sillanpää","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2024-109491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2024-109491","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Energy-saving sedentary behaviour may be an evolutionarily selected trait that is no longer advantageous. We investigated the associations between genetic liability to sedentary behaviour and the incidence of the most common cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods We constructed and validated a genome-wide polygenic score for leisure screen time (PGS LST) as a measure of genetic liability to sedentary behaviour. We performed survival analyses between higher PGS LST and register-based CVDs using the FinnGen cohort (N=293 250–333 012). Replication and exploratory analyses were conducted in an independent Norwegian Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT) cohort (N=35 289). Results In FinnGen, each SD increase in PGS LST was associated with a higher risk of incident CVD (HR: 1.05 (95% CI 1.05 to 1.06)) (168 770 cases over 17 101 133 person-years). The magnitudes of association for the three most common CVDs were 1.09 ((95% CI 1.08 to 1.09), 1.06 ((95% CI 1.05 to 1.07) and 1.05 ((95% CI 1.04 to 1.06) for hypertensive disease, ischaemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease, respectively. Those in the top decile of PGS LST had 21%, 35%, 26% and 19% higher risk of any CVD, hypertensive disease, ischaemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease, respectively, than those in the bottom decile. Associations were replicated in HUNT and remained independent of covariates (socioeconomic status, body mass index and smoking) except for cerebrovascular disease. Besides direct effects, reduced physical activity served as a potential mediating pathway for the observed associations. Conclusions We found that genetic liability to sedentary behaviour is associated with incident CVD, although effect sizes with current PGS remained small. These findings suggest that genetic liability to sedentary behaviour is an under-recognised driver of common CVDs. Data are available on reasonable request. Data may be obtained from a third party and are not publicly available. The used FTC subsample data are in the Biobank of the National Institute for Health and Welfare. Data are available for qualified researchers through a standardised application procedure (see the website &lt;https://thl.fi/en/web/thl-biobank/for-researchers&gt; for details). Access to individual-level genotypes and register data from FinnGen participants can be applied via the Fingenious portal (&lt;https://site.fingenious.fi/en/&gt;) hosted by the Finnish Biobank Cooperative FinBB (&lt;https://finbb.fi/en/&gt;). The register data also needs permission from FinData ([www.findata.fi][1]). Researchers affiliated with a Norwegian research institution can apply for HUNT data access from the HUNT Research Centre ([www.ntnu.edu/hunt][2]) if they have obtained project approval from the Regional Committee for Medical and Health Research Ethics (REC). Researchers not affiliated with a Norwegian research institution should collaborate with and apply through a Norwegian principal investigator. Information on the application and conditi","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143713087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recommendations and regulations for sport events in the heat: ReFORM summary of the International Olympic Committee's consensus statement.","authors":"Anne-Charlotte Dupont, Camille Tooth, Franck Brocherie, Sebastien Racinais, Janne Bouten","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2024-109607","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjsports-2024-109607","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"447-449"},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143390154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Air quality, respiratory health and performance in athletes: a summary of the IOC consensus subgroup narrative review on 'Acute Respiratory Illness in Athletes'.","authors":"Valerie Bougault, Christopher Carlsten, Paolo Emilio Adami, Nicola Sewry, Wolfgang Schobersberger, Torbjørn Soligard, Lars Engebretsen, Richard Budgett, Martin Schwellnus, Ken Fitch","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2024-109145","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjsports-2024-109145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the WHO stating that nearly 99% of the global population is exposed to air pollution levels that increase the risk of chronic diseases, the question of exercising in polluted environments is relevant to the health of athletes. Major sporting events held under conditions of poor air quality (AQ) have highlighted the lack of answers to concerns raised by organisers and athletes about the associated health risks. This evidence-based narrative review compiles current knowledge and identifies gaps regarding the relationship between AQ and sport. It is a summary of a more comprehensive report prepared for the International Olympic Committee (IOC) Medical and Scientific Commission. This article discusses the various sources of air pollutants encountered during exercise, summarises current AQ guidelines and provides insights into AQ conditions during the Paris 2024 Olympic and Paralympic Games (OPG) as well as in Los Angeles over the past four summers, in preparation for the 2028 OPG. It also summarises the effects of air pollution on the respiratory health and performance of athletes, while proposing mitigation strategies, with a particular emphasis on AQ education.</p>","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"480-490"},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143370513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2025 Canadian guideline for physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep throughout the first year post partum","authors":"Margie H Davenport, Stephanie-May Ruchat, Alejandra Jaramillo Garcia, Muhammad Usman Ali, Milena Forte, Nicole Beamish, Karen Fleming, Kristi B Adamo, Émilie Brunet-Pagé, Radha Chari, Kirstin N Lane, Michelle F Mottola, Sarah E Neil-Sztramko","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-109785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-109785","url":null,"abstract":"This consensus aims to provide guidance for postpartum women and people, healthcare providers and exercise professionals on physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep throughout the first year postpartum. The development of this guideline followed the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology and the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II instrument. The Guideline Consensus Panel consisted of representatives from key professional groups, researchers and methodological experts. Literature was retrieved through searches of 12 online databases, and articles on maternal physical activity, sedentary behaviour or sleep in the first year after childbirth were eligible for inclusion if they reported on any of 21 maternal or infant health outcomes, which were prioritised considering the preferences and values of postpartum individuals. There was no restriction on language, and all study designs were eligible except for case studies. The certainty of evidence was rated using GRADE. This evidence review produced seven systematic reviews, which informed this consensus statement. A Delphi process was conducted to identify relative contraindications to postpartum moderate-intensity to vigorous-intensity physical activity, which informed the development of the Get Active Questionnaire for Postpartum. Evidence to decision tables were developed, and feedback on the recommendations was solicited from end users (healthcare providers, exercise professionals, researchers, policy organisations and postpartum women and people). Adhering to these consensus recommendations for postpartum women and people is likely to result in large improvements in psychological well-being, as well as pelvic, musculoskeletal and cardiometabolic health, and reduced fatigue, while not experiencing adverse events (moderate certainty evidence). Most end users indicated that following these recommendations would be feasible, acceptable and equitable, and likely to require minimal resources from individual and health systems perspectives. PROSPERO registration number CRD42022359282.","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143702975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative approaches to injury prevention and performance enhancement in running: insights from PhD research on hamstring strengthening, running biomechanics and energetics, and wearable technology (PhD Academy Award).","authors":"Bas Van Hooren","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2024-109159","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjsports-2024-109159","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"511-512"},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142458500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sprint running mechanics are associated with hamstring strain injury: a 6-month prospective cohort study of 126 elite male footballers","authors":"Christopher Bramah, Samantha Rhodes, Alexandra Clarke-Cornwell, Thomas Dos’Santos","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2024-108600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2024-108600","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To investigate the association between sprint running biomechanics and sprint-related hamstring strain injury (HSI) in elite male football players. Methods This prospective cohort study recruited 126 professional male football players from eight clubs in the English football league, who were followed across a 6-month period. Maximal velocity sprint running videos (240 fps) were collected from five teams during preseason (June to August) and three teams during the in-season period (October to March) and subsequently assessed using the Sprint Mechanics Assessment Score (S-MAS) by a single, blinded assessor. Sprint-related HSI within the previous 12 months and any new MRI-confirmed sprint-related HSI were reported by club medical staff. Incidence rate ratios were calculated using a Poisson regression model to determine the association between S-MAS and new sprint-related HSIs. Results There were 23 players with a previous sprint-related HSI and 17 new HSIs during the follow-up period, with 14 sprint-related injuries. S-MAS values were significantly greater among players with a previous HSI (median difference (MD): 1, p=0.007, 95% CI: 0 to 3) and those sustaining a new sprint-related HSI (MD: 2, p=0.006, 95% CI: 1 to 3) compared with uninjured players. Adjusting for age and previous injury found a significant association between the S-MAS and prospective sprint-related HSIs, with an adjusted incidence rate ratio of 1.33 (95% CI: 1.01 to 1.76) for each one-point increase in S-MAS. Conclusions This is the first study to identify an association between sprint running kinematics and prospective sprint-related HSI in elite male football players. Sprint running mechanics assessed using the S-MAS were associated with both past and future HSIs, with a 33% increase in the risk of a new HSI with every one-point increase in S-MAS. Given the association to injury, evaluating sprint mechanics within rehabilitation and injury prevention may be warranted. Data sharing not applicable as no datasets generated and/or analysed for this study.","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143677943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of postpartum physical activity on maternal anthropometrics: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Matthew J Gervais, Stephanie-May Ruchat, Muhammad Usman Ali, Talia Sjwed, Brittany A Matenchuk, Sarah Meyer, Michelle F Mottola, Kristi B Adamo, Allison Sivak, Margie H Davenport","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2024-108449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2024-108449","url":null,"abstract":"Objective This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the relationship between postpartum exercise and maternal postpartum anthropometrics. Design Systematic review with random-effects meta-analysis and meta-regression. Study eligibility criteria Online databases were searched from database inception until 12 January 2024. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) written in any language were eligible if they contained information on the population (postpartum women and people); intervention (frequency, intensity, duration, volume or type of exercise, alone (‘exercise-only’) or in combination with other interventions (eg, dietary; ‘exercise+cointervention’)); comparator (no exercise) and outcomes (anthropometric measures including weight, postpartum weight retention (PPWR), body mass index (BMI), fat mass, lean body mass (LBM), body fat percentage, waist circumference, hip circumference or waist–hip ratio). Results 64 RCTs (n=12 684 participants) from 20 countries were included. Moderate to high certainty of evidence showed that exercise-only interventions reduced weight by 1.34 kg (18 studies, n=771; 95% CI −2.06 to –0.61, I2 0%), BMI by 0.73 kg/m2 (14 studies, n=662; 95% CI −1.21 to –0.25, I2 60%) and fat mass by 1.55 kg (5 studies, n=135; 95% CI −3.01 to –0.09, I2 0%) compared with no exercise. The duration of the exercise interventions ranged from 3 months to 3 years. Dose–response analysis found 560 MET-min/week of exercise (eg, 120 min/week of brisk walking) was associated with 1 kg/m2 reduction in BMI. Low certainty of evidence showed that exercise-only interventions had no effect on LBM (5 RCTs, n=135; standardised mean difference −0.13; 95% CI −0.48, 0.21, I2 0%) compared with no exercise. Conclusions These findings highlight physical activity as an effective intervention to improve postpartum anthropometrics and reduce PPWR. PROSPERO registration number CRD42022359282. All data relevant to the study are included in the article or uploaded as supplementary information.","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143672343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consensus recommendations to inform an update of the NCAA Mental Health Best Practices","authors":"Emily Kroshus-Havril, Carey Wheelhouse, James Houle, Jessica Bartley, Darcy Gruttadaro, Casey Pick, Ashwin L Rao, Alicia Fine, Jean Merrill, Deena Casiero, Brian Hainline","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2024-109183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2024-109183","url":null,"abstract":"We sought to generate consensus-based recommendations to inform updates to the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Mental Health Best Practices. A two-phase modified Delphi consensus process was used to identify foundational premises and actionable recommendations for NCAA member schools. Participants were members of the NCAA’s Mental Health Advisory Group (n=31), including student-athletes, representatives from leading national organisations involved in college student or athlete mental health and higher education, and licensed mental health providers who work with student-athletes. The consensus process produced 11 foundational premises and 36 recommendation statements that were considered useful and feasible for NCAA member schools. Foundational premises addressed multiple levels of risk factors that may adversely impact student-athlete mental health. Recommendations for member schools were broadly grouped into (1) creating healthy environments that support mental health and promote well-being; (2) developing procedures for identifying student-athletes with mental health symptoms and disorders, including the use of validated mental health screening tools; (3) establishing mental health action plans that outline referral pathways of student-athletes to licensed mental health providers; and (4) ensuring licensure of providers who oversee and manage student-athlete mental healthcare. These premises and recommendations provide guidance for understanding and supporting student-athlete mental health needs.","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}