British Journal of Sports Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Potential outcomes of interpersonal violence for women's artistic gymnasts: a qualitative analysis.","authors":"Natalie Barker-Ruchti","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110089","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to identify, map and provide insight into the potential outcomes former elite-level women's gymnasts associate with their history of interpersonal violence (IV).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study used a trauma-informed qualitative approach. The sample criterion was women's gymnasts, who had spoken out about IV through social and/or traditional media since the release of the documentary <i>Athlete A</i>. Recruitment occurred purposively through social media; data were generated through online life-history interviews. The interview transcripts were analysed via a hybrid inductive/deductive thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study sample included 18 former elite-level women's artistic gymnasts and one former elite-level rhythmic gymnast, aged 20-53, from 12 countries across four continents. The former gymnasts recounted extensive polyvictimisation by their coaches during formative years, which they associated with 54 potential negative and 7 potential not categorically negative outcomes. Their descriptions of the experiences indicate extensive and complexly interconnected potential psychological, behavioural, physical and material/performance outcomes. The younger, recently retired former gymnasts described their experiences in acute terms, the older former gymnasts recounted recurring and new outcomes. The public discourse on IV in women's gymnastics was acknowledged to have facilitated the development of not categorically negative outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study provides an overview of potential negative and not categorically negative outcomes of IV for women's artistic gymnasts. The insights allow a nuanced understanding of the long-lasting impact of IV, which can raise awareness and inform education, research and care protocols for victims of IV in sport.</p>","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1359-1366"},"PeriodicalIF":16.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144871565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Making a splash: how to conduct on-water cardiopulmonary resuscitation in sailing sports - guidance from SailGP.","authors":"Helene Rousselon, Jon Deakin, Maria Fernandez, Breanna Jager, Wayne Davey, Weston Chu, N Heron","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-109920","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-109920","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1327-1330"},"PeriodicalIF":16.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144882162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infographic. Exercise strategies to boost cognitive function in clinical depression.","authors":"Fei-Fei Ren, Ruei-Hong Li, Chen-Sin Hung, Nikos Ntoumanis, Feng-Tzu Chen, Yu-Kai Chang","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110640","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110640","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1382-1383"},"PeriodicalIF":16.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144882161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of exercise snacks on fitness and cardiometabolic health in physically inactive individuals: systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Miguel Ángel Rodríguez,Marcos Quintana-Cepedal,Boris Cheval,Cecilie Thøgersen-Ntoumani,Irene Crespo,Hugo Olmedillas","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-110027","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVESTo evaluate the effects of brief bouts of exercise spread throughout the day, termed 'exercise snacks', on cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness, and cardiometabolic health outcomes in physically inactive adults and older adults (aged ≥65 years).DESIGNSystematic review and meta-analysis.DATA SOURCESSeven databases were searched from inception to April 2025.ELIGIBILITY CRITERIARandomised controlled trials (RCTs) of adults and older adults, comparing exercise snacks with non-exercising controls.RESULTS11 RCTs (n=414; 69.1% women, mean age 18.7±0.8 to 74.2±5.6 years) were included. Exercise snacks were defined as structured bouts lasting ≤5 min, performed at least twice daily, ≥3 times/week, for ≥2 weeks. The interventions varied in duration (4-12 weeks), frequency (3-7 days/week) and intensity (moderate-to-vigorous to near-maximal). Exercise snacks significantly improved cardiorespiratory fitness in adults (g=1.37, 95% CI 0.58 to 2.17; p<0.005; I2=71.4 %, k=6) and muscular endurance in older adults (g=0.40, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.75; p=0.02; I2=0 %, k=4), with moderate and very low certainty of evidence, respectively. No significant effects were observed for lower limb muscular strength or cardiometabolic outcomes, including body composition, blood pressure and blood lipid profiles. High compliance (91.1%) and adherence (82.8%) rates were observed.CONCLUSIONSModerate certainty of evidence indicated that exercise snacks improved cardiorespiratory fitness in physically inactive adults. However, evidence for benefits on muscular endurance in older adults was limited, and the current data do not support their effectiveness for improving other cardiometabolic health markers.PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBERCRD42024616514.","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145240992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Considerations for a women's rehabilitation programme following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a concept mapping approach to enhance women's outcomes.","authors":"Melissa J Haberfield,Alex Donaldson,Kay M Crossley,Brooke E Patterson,Jackie L Whittaker,Adam G Culvenor,Sonika Balyan,Yana Dellavedova,Jaye Dickinson,Jacqueline Gurr,Lauren Graham,Tali E Ryan-Atwood,Andrea M Bruder","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-109777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-109777","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVETo identify gender/sex-specific considerations to enhance anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture rehabilitation experiences and outcomes among women.METHODSMixed-methods concept mapping. 19 women 1-3 years post-ACL rupture and 28 rehabilitation practitioners (68% physiotherapists) who regularly treat women following ACL rupture brainstormed statements to a prompt ('What factors should be addressed in ACL rehabilitation for women (18-45 years)?') before thematically sorting and rating the statements for importance and feasibility (5-point Likert scales).RESULTSNinety unique statements were brainstormed, sorted and rated. A seven-cluster solution was identified-from most to least important (number of statements, cluster mean importance/5)-1. foster goal-driven rehabilitation (18, 3.98); 2. promote mental and emotional well-being (13, 3.96); 3. create adaptable and supportive environments (10, 3.74); 4. provide education and resources (16, 3.73); 5. engage the whole team for the whole woman (13, 3.52); 6. address accessibility and competing demands (8, 3.36) and 7. build peer, group and social support (12, 3.22). 'Goal-driven rehabilitation' was deemed the most, and 'peer, group and social support' the least feasible cluster to address in women-specific ACL rehabilitation.CONCLUSIONEnhancing ACL rehabilitation strategies could reduce the gender/sex disparity for women most at risk of inferior short- and long-term outcomes. Practitioners can leverage our seven-cluster solution for practical guidance in creating supportive and empowering environments that prioritise collaboration and active listening, enabling women-centred goal-driven rehabilitation practices. Lower-rated clusters, such as peer, group and social support, may remain crucial, as they reflect known influences on rehabilitation motivation and adherence.","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145240988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infographic. Keep an eye on vision after concussion-screening tool and procedure for the two most common concussion-related vision disorders: convergence insufficiency and accommodative insufficiency.","authors":"Tara L Alvarez,Mitchell Scheiman,Farzin Hajebrahimi,Melissa Noble,Suril Gohel,Rebecca Baro,Josie A Bachman,Christina L Master,Arlene Goodman, ","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-110571","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145240925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of cryotherapy on pain intensity, range of motion, swelling and function in the postoperative care of musculoskeletal disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials","authors":"Júlio Pascoal de Miranda, Rafaela Calixto Cortez Figueiredo, Bruno Saragiotto, Vinícius Cunha Oliveira","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2024-109497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2024-109497","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To investigate the effectiveness of cryotherapy on pain intensity, range of motion (ROM), swelling and function in the postoperative care of musculoskeletal disorders. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis, with estimates presented as mean differences (MDs) or standardised MDs (SMDs) with 95% CIs. Effect sizes were interpreted according to the minimum clinically important difference (MCID) of 2 points for pain and 11 points for function, or Cohen’s thresholds. Data sources Searches were conducted in MEDLINE, COCHRANE, EMBASE and PEDro databases. Eligibility criteria Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) involving individuals undergoing postoperative rehabilitation for musculoskeletal disorders, comparing cryotherapy vs no cryotherapy, on pain intensity, ROM, swelling and function. Results 28 RCTs were included. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation assessment demonstrated a very low to moderate certainty of evidence. For pain intensity, a statistically significant difference favouring cryotherapy was observed in the immediate (MD −0.77, 95% CI –1.23 to −0.31), short (MD −0.84, 95% CI –1.17 to −0.51) and medium term (MD −0.41, 95% CI –0.65 to −0.17). However, these effect sizes were below the MCID. For ROM, we found small to medium effect sizes in the immediate (SMD 0.37, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.66), short (SMD 0.51, 95% CI 0.25 to 0.77) and medium term (SMD 0.61, 95% CI 0.04 to 1.18). Small short-term effects were found for swelling (SMD −0.35, 95% CI –0.64 to −0.05) and function (MD 3.45, 95% CI 0.69 to 6.20; not clinically relevant). Conclusions Cryotherapy produced minor benefits on pain intensity and ROM, but the effect sizes may not be clinically relevant. Evidence for swelling and function was of low certainty and showed no substantial benefit. All data relevant to the study are included in the article or uploaded as supplementary information. Not applicable. All relevant data extracted for this systematic review are included within the manuscript and its supplementary information files.","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145228971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distal-to-proximal progression of apophyseal injuries with age in male youth academy footballers: a two-season prospective cohort study of 16,024 player-seasons","authors":"Chelsea Oxendale, Matthew Green, Keith Stokes, Sean Cumming, Gemma Nicole Parry, Sean Williams","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2024-109612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2024-109612","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives Youth football players are vulnerable to apophyseal injuries, which can have long-term consequences for health and performance. The objective was to assess the incidence, severity and burden of apophyseal injuries among U9–U21 academy football players over two seasons. Methods Time-loss injuries and match/training exposure were tracked in male academy football players (U9–U21) from Premier League and Category One Academies. Apophyseal injuries were identified in a cohort of 16 024 player-seasons using Orchard Sports Injury Classification System (OSICS) codes, and their incidence, severity and burden were analysed. Results A total of 10 589 injuries were reported, including 603 apophyseal injuries. These injuries followed a distal-to-proximal progression with age, occurring most frequently in the ankle/foot in younger players (U9, U10 and U11), followed by the knee (U12) and hip/groin in older players (U15, U16 and U18). Across all player phases (U9–U21), injury burden (days/1000 hours) was higher in the hip/groin (3.5) and knee (3.4), compared with the ankle/foot (2.2) and pelvis/sacrum (1.4), with the highest apophyseal incidence (~0.4 injuries/1000 hours) and burden (~20 days/1000 hours) observed in the U12–U16 group, regardless of injury location. A significant trend of increasing injury severity (median days) was observed with age: U9–U11 (20), U12–U14 (29), U15–U16 (38) and U18–U21 (35). Conclusions Apophyseal injuries exhibit a distal-to-proximal progression with age, with the highest injury burden observed at the hip/groin and knee regions and in the U12–U16 group. These findings can help inform injury mitigation strategies adopted in youth academy football. No data are available. Individual data are not available upon request due to the ethics agreement terms.","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145228969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interpreting p values and interval estimates based on practical relevance: guidance for the sports medicine clinician","authors":"Alessandro Rovetta, Mohammad Ali Mansournia, Steven D Stovitz, William M Adams, Sander Greenland","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2024-109357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2024-109357","url":null,"abstract":"Statistical methods are employed in medical research to estimate effects of treatments or health conditions across populations.1 2 This paper presents a framework to avoid common misinterpretations that undermine clinical decision-making.1 3 A convention in scientific articles is to report three statistical results: a point estimate, a p value and an interval estimate usually called ‘CI’.2 3 A point estimate is a value computed from the data that represents the ‘best guess’ about the studied effect; for example, the mean recovery time in a treatment group is the ‘best guess’ about the mean recovery time in the whole population receiving the treatment. The p value ‘p’ is a number between 0 and 1 used to assess the compatibility —also known as the consistency, consonance or agreement—between the data and a hypothesis about the effect (eg, the null hypothesis of zero treatment effect). The interval estimate is the range of the guesses about the effect with which the observed data are reasonably compatible, according to the method used to compute the interval.3–9 This editorial aims to guide the interpretation of p values and interval estimates for the sports medicine clinician. We present a series of recommendations for interpreting statistics through the compatibility viewpoint. Compatibility refers to how well the hypothesis fits or explains the data; compatibility is highest when p=1 and decreases as p approaches 0.3–6 10 Interpreting p values as measures of compatibility is an alternative to the traditional ‘significance’ interpretation; indeed, the latter is often misunderstood as referring to clinical significance and requires strong assumptions to justify its use for decisions.1 3–6 The minimum for reasonable compatibility is typically set at p=0.05, yielding a 100×(1–0.05)%=95% compatibility interval that is numerically identical to a ‘95% CI’ and so is also denoted as ‘95% CI’. Box …","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145228966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From margins to mainstream: sixty years of sports medicine in the Netherlands","authors":"JA (Aernout) Snoek, H (Harry) van der Zaag, ThC (Don) Winter","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-110845","url":null,"abstract":"In 2025, the Netherlands celebrates 60 years of organised sports medicine. What began as peripheral support for athletes has evolved into a formally recognised medical specialty with academic and clinical depth. National full recognition as a clinical specialty in 2014 and European recognition in 2024 by the Union Européenne des Médecins Spécialistes (UEMS) mark key milestones. This editorial reflects on the Dutch journey, its impact on research and practice and compares it with other emerging specialties. BJSM itself has chronicled this evolution, including a 1988 reflection on the growing scholarly relevance of sports medicine.1 Dutch sports medicine emerged in the 1960s, driven by a growing culture of physical activity and competitive sport. The early focus was practical: preventing injuries, overseeing training and ensuring safe participation. Dutch pioneers soon integrated exercise physiology and clinical medicine, laying the groundwork for the discipline’s dual role in performance and public health. A key step was the founding of the Netherlands Association of Sports Medicine (VSG) in 1965, which formalised a professional identity and linked clinical practice, education and pioneering research. Notably, the Netherlands had already contributed to laying the foundations of international sports medicine: during the 1928 Olympic Games in Amsterdam, the first international sports medicine congress was held, laying the groundwork for future collaboration and the eventual founding of Fédération Internationale de Médecine du Sport (FIMS) in 1933. In 1975, the Dutch Heart Foundation …","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145228967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}