British Journal of Sports Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Harnessing innovation to advance adaptive and para sport","authors":"Cecilia Cordova Vallejos, Melissa Tinney, Eugene Palatulan, Daniela Mehech","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2024-109125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2024-109125","url":null,"abstract":"Adaptive and para sports have emerged as a powerful medium, giving para athletes a platform for empowerment, rehabilitation and social inclusion.1 As we increasingly appreciate their transformative impact, it is important to explore future directions in the field and incentivise innovation. While elite para sports may receive broader attention, at a recreational level, adaptive sports significantly aid in managing chronic conditions and enhancing functional independence for people living with disabilities.1 Furthermore, they can improve mental health, promoting a stronger sense of identity, purpose, social connections and supportive communities; enhance self-esteem and increase the likelihood of employment.1–3 Despite the clear benefits and expansion of adaptive and para sports, barriers such as inaccessible facilities, equipment and transportation persist.1 4 Additionally, our perception as young clinicians is that medical education and training continue to under-represent topics on sport and people living with disabilities, with gaps in the curricula, course content, exercise prescription and research opportunities.1 2 Technological advancements have transformed adaptive sports, offering new opportunities for para athletes to push performance boundaries. Specialised prostheses, wheelchairs, wearables and assistive devices have transformed not only competition but also participation, enhancing both elite-level achievements and safety for athletes across all levels through improved movement efficiency. ### Smart wearable devices Originally designed for able-bodied athletes, these are increasingly benefiting para athletes, despite the need for adaptations to address mobility and energy expenditure differences. While research has grown, gaps remain in accurately measuring para athletes’ performance and equipment effectiveness. Existing studies offer insights …","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"123 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145228964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structure or function? Parallels between sports medicine and artistic currents of the 20th century","authors":"Boris Gojanovic","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-110797","url":null,"abstract":"> ‘The idea of building is function and only function. Form is the result of the function’. (Hannes Meyer, Bauhaus director 1928–1930) Sports and Exercise Medicine Switzerland partners for the second time with the Swiss Sports Physiotherapy Association (SSPA) to hold a joint national conference on 30 and 31 October 2025 in Lausanne. We bring together an elite group of international speakers to explore the relationship between structure and function in SEM. Both are complementary and, at times, contradictory. Nowhere is this duality more evident than in high-performance athletes, whose bodies represent the convergence of anatomy, physiology and movement. For more information, please visit the conference website ( https://bbscongress.ch/en/joint-congress-sems-sportfisio-2025) Art has long grappled with the tension between form and function, which resonates powerfully in SEM. The Bauhaus movement, born in the early 20th century, championed the principle that form follows function . A chair, a building or an object had value not in its decoration but in its ability to serve its purpose …","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145241863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Movement and meaning—60 years of Dutch sports medicine","authors":"JA (Aernout) Snoek, H (Harry) van der Zaag, Th C (Don) de Winter","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-110903","url":null,"abstract":"In 2025, Netherlands celebrates 60 years of organised sports medicine. What began as peripheral support for athletes has evolved into a formally recognised clinical specialty that now shapes public health, elite performance and clinical innovation. This BJSM special issue marks that milestone and highlights the full breadth of sports medicine today. The Netherlands Association of Sports Medicine (Vereniging voor Sportgeneeskunde (VSG)), founded in 1965, has guided this transformation. From early injury prevention to academic integration and national recognition in 2014,1 Dutch sports medicine has matured into a discipline that bridges elite sport and population health. In 2024, European recognition of Sports Medicine as a medical specialty by the Union Européenne des Médecins Spécialistes (UEMS) confirmed its place within continental medical structures.2 This issue of BJSM is not just a celebration of history—it is …","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"122 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145255598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CONCUSS randomised clinical trial of vergence/accommodative therapy for concussion-related symptomatic convergence insufficiency","authors":"Tara L Alvarez, Mitchell Scheiman, Farzin Hajebrahimi, Melissa Noble, Suril Gohel, Rebecca Baro, Josie A Bachman, Christina L Master, Arlene Goodman","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-109807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-109807","url":null,"abstract":"Objective The CONCUSS randomised clinical trial compared the effectiveness of immediate office-based vergence/accommodative therapy with movement (OBVAM) to delayed therapy for the treatment of concussion-related convergence insufficiency (CONC-CI) in participants 11–25 years old with persisting postconcussive symptoms 4–24 weeks post injury. Methods Symptomatic CONC-CI was diagnosed using clinical signs via near point of convergence (NPC) and positive fusional vergence (PFV) and symptoms via the Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey (CISS). Participants were randomised to immediate OBVAM (twice weekly for 6 weeks) or delayed OBVAM (starting 6 weeks after baseline enrolment). After 6 weeks (outcome time 1 assessment), the therapeutic outcomes of NPC, PFV and CISS were assessed and compared between the two groups. After the outcome time 1 assessment, the delayed group received twice-weekly OBVAM sessions for 8 weeks, while the immediate group received an additional 2 weeks of twice-weekly OBVAM sessions. The outcome time 2 assessment compared groups after each group received all 16 OBVAM sessions. Results In the immediate group, 46/52 (88%) were classified as successful or improved at the outcome time one assessment based on the primary outcome measure, a composite of NPC and PFV, compared with 4/52 (8%) in the delayed group (p<0.001). The mean NPC decreased (improved) by 7.9 cm in the immediate group and 1.8 cm in the delayed group (mean difference at outcome time 1 assessment: 5.1 cm (95% CI: 3.9 to 6.3; p<0.001)). The mean PFV increased (improved) by 17.5Δ in the immediate group and 2.5∆ in the delayed group (mean difference at outcome time 1 assessment: 15.0∆ (95% CI:11.7 to 18.3); p<0.001). At the outcome time 1 assessment, 41/52 (79%) of the participants in the immediate group had improved symptoms based on CISS scores ≤ preinjury scores or decreased by 10 points or more, compared with only 7/52 (13%) of participants from the delayed group (p<0.001). When comparing dosing in the immediate group, for 12 OBVAM sessions, 88% were classified as successful or improved using the composite measurement of NPC and PFV, which increased to 94% after 16 OBVAM sessions. For the outcome time 2 assessment, when both groups had received 16 OBVAM sessions, no significant difference was observed for NPC, PFV or CISS (p=1.0). Conclusion OBVAM therapy is effective in improving the NPC, PFV and symptoms in CONC-CI. Immediate initiation of OBVAM compared with delayed initiation shortens the period of symptoms experienced and fosters an earlier return to activities. Trial registration number clinicaltrials.gov identifier: [NCT05262361][1]. Data are available upon reasonable request. All de-identified data will be available upon request. [1]: /lookup/external-ref?link_type=CLINTRIALGOV&access_num=NCT05262361&atom=%2Fbjsports%2Fearly%2F2025%2F09%2F30%2Fbjsports-2025-109807.atom","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145195375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MRI Screening for lumbar bone stress injuries in young male cricket fast bowlers: a 15-year retrospective cohort study","authors":"Tom White, Peter Alway, Katherine Brooke-Wavell, Thamindu Wedatilake, Mark King, Nicholas Peirce","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-110221","url":null,"abstract":"Objective MRI screening is increasingly used in elite cricket to support the early detection of lumbar bone stress injuries (LBSIs). However, its impact on injury outcomes and career trajectories remains unclear. This study evaluated short-term and long-term outcomes from LBSI in young male fast bowlers, comparing injuries detected through MRI screening with those detected clinically. Methods This retrospective cohort study analysed 15 years (2009–2024) of injury surveillance data from the England and Wales Cricket Board. LBSIs in male fast bowlers (aged 16–24) were classified as screening-detected (via routine MRI) or clinically-detected (imaging-confirmed following symptom onset). Outcomes were evaluated across short-term (diagnosis to return-to-play (RTP)) and long-term (5-year post-RTP) timeframes. Results 197 LBSIs (44 screening-detected, 153 clinically-detected) were detected in 142 bowlers (mean age at injury: 19.4±2.1 years). Screening-detected injuries were more likely to be stress reactions (p=0.002), while complete fractures were exclusively clinically-detected. Screening-detected injuries had shorter RTP times (p<0.001) and were managed conservatively with 100% RTP success. Bowlers with screening-detected injuries had greater in-season availability (p<0.001) and returned to preinjury playing standards post-RTP. Over 5 years, 51%–67% of bowlers remained reinjury-free, with comparable probabilities between detection methods (p≥0.536); 5-year playing standard trajectories showed improvement in both groups. Conclusion MRI screening may facilitate earlier detection of LBSIs compared with symptom-based pathways, enabling conservative management, shorter RTP times and greater availability, while allowing for continued career progression. However, the observed risk of reinjury highlights the need for improved preventive strategies. No data are available.","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145195376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The soundtrack to success: can music enhance elite athlete's health and performance?","authors":"Tara Venkatesan,Hendrik Vincent Koops,Tom Allen,Zafar Iqbal,Sophie Curthoys,Gary Lewin,Alan McCall","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-110141","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145140267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can fitness apps work long term? A 24-month quasiexperiment of 516 818 Canadian fitness app users","authors":"Lisa Nguyen, Guy Faulkner, Carolyn Taylor, Marc S Mitchell","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-109901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-109901","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To examine whether a multicomponent commercial fitness app with very small (‘micro’) financial incentives (FI) increased population-level device-assessed physical activity (PA) over 2 years. The secondary objective was to explore the influence of select covariates on longitudinal effects. Methods This 24 month pre–post quasiexperiment was conducted in Ontario, Canada’s largest province (December 2016–June 2019). Following a 1-to-2 week baseline period, users earned micro-FIs ($0.04 CAD/day) for achieving daily step goals. Multiple linear regression models estimated changes in weekly mean daily step count from baseline to key timepoints (eg, 24 months). To address the secondary objective, separate models were developed for each level of the selected covariates (eg, start season, baseline PA). Results The sample included 516 818 users (% female: 62.83; age (SD): 33.46 (12.65) years). Half were ‘low’ active at baseline (<5000 daily steps; 47.15%). Overall, daily step counts were greater than baseline at all key timepoints (eg, 242 steps/day at 24 months; p<0.001). Users from earlier start seasons and longer FI exposure exhibited larger differences from baseline (eg, 758 steps/day at 24 months; p<0.001). Differences were also more pronounced among ‘low’ active users (eg, 1986 steps/day at 24 months; p<0.001). Substantial daily step count reductions were observed among ‘very high’ active users (≥10 000 daily steps; eg, −3969 steps/day at 24 months; p<0.001). Conclusion Modest PA increases of about 250 steps per day were sustained over 2 years. For important subgroups (ie, earlier start seasons, ‘low’ active) increases approached or surpassed 1000 steps/day—a level indicative of clinical significance. Substantial daily step count reductions among higher active users were also observed. Data are available upon reasonable request.","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145116396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Motivation and methods for a first population-based case-control study of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE).","authors":"Douglas J Wiebe","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-110064","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"156 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145127139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevention strategies and modifiable risk factors for concussion: a systematic review and meta-analysis for the Female, woman and girl Athlete Injury pRevention (FAIR) consensus","authors":"Isla J Shill, Heather A Shepherd, Paul H Eliason, Ash T Kolstad, Omar Heyward, Géraldine Martens, Kerry Peek, Clara A Soligon, Matthew G King, Stephen W West, Osman Hassan Ahmed, Cheri A Blauwet, Steven Broglio, Araba Chintoh, Jean-Michel Galarneau, K Alix Hayden, Sharief Hendricks, Michael Makdissi, Debbie Palmer, Stacy Sick, Jackie L Whittaker, Kay M Crossley, Kathryn J Schneider, Carolyn A Emery","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-109915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-109915","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To examine prevention strategies and potential modifiable risk factors (MRFs) for sport-related concussion (SRC) and head impact/head acceleration event (HAE) outcomes in female, woman and/or girl athletes. Design Systematic review with meta-analyses and Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation. Data sources Medline, CINAHL, PsycINfo, SportDiscus, ERIC, CENTRAL and CDSR. Eligibility Primary data studies with comparison group(s) assessing the association of prevention interventions and/or MRFs for SRC or HAE with ≥1 female/woman/girl in each study group. Results Of the 108 included studies, 67 evaluated a SRC prevention strategy (equipment n=25, policy/rule n=21, training n=10, management n=11) and 41 evaluated potential MRFs (34 distinct MRFs across nine categories). In total, 40/108 (37%) studies (prevention 19/67; MRF 21/41) included female/woman/girl-specific estimates. Three meta-analyses were conducted: two SRC prevention strategies (headgear, eyewear) and one MRF (artificial turf vs grass) based on availability of female/woman/girl-only estimates and similar outcomes and exposure. Headgear was associated with 30% lower SRC rates in adolescent female/girl lacrosse and soccer (IRR=0.70, 95% CI 0.50 to 0.99; very-low certainty). Eyewear use was not protective for SRC (IRR=1.08, 95% CI 0.69 to 1.68; very-low certainty). SRC rates did not differ by artificial turf versus grass (IRR=0.95, 95% CI 0.62 to 1.45; very-low certainty). Conclusion We found limited evidence for prevention strategies and MRFs in female/woman/girl athletes except for very-low certainty evidence supporting headgear use in adolescent lacrosse and soccer. Future studies should consider the design, implementation and evaluation of SRC prevention strategies that target MRFs to guide safe practice recommendations specifically for female/woman/girl athletes. Data are available upon reasonable request. Deidentified data can be made available upon reasonable request to the corresponding author. Please email the corresponding author with a written proposal outlining the specific research aims and analysis plan and why these specific data are needed. A formal data-sharing agreement between institutions will be required.","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145089718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safe sport and health promotion: elite youth athletes' perspectives at the Winter Youth Olympic Games.","authors":"Tine Vertommen,Andrea Sáenz-Olmedo,Ayça Gursoy,Torbjørn Soligard,Margo Mountjoy,Jane S Thornton,Kirsty C Burrows","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-110203","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVEThe Youth Olympic Games (YOG) combines competition with educational initiatives for elite youth athletes. Despite the benefits of sport participation, young athletes face risks related to health and interpersonal violence (IV). The 'Mind, Body & Me' initiative at the 2024 Gangwon YOG was designed to promote holistic athlete health and safe sport. This study assessed youth athletes' understanding of health-related rights, perceptions of safe sport and awareness of safeguarding services.METHODSA cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1211 YOG athletes. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and χ2 tests to identify differences based on sex, continent, sport and language. Content analysis was performed for qualitative responses.RESULTSMost athletes felt that their health-related rights were respected; however, they reported discomfort seeking mental health support. Athletes described healthy sport as 'fun,' 'safe' and 'good,' while unhealthy sport was linked to 'bad,' 'bullying' and 'negative,' with regional variations. Bullying was the most widely recognised form of IV, particularly in female athletes, who were more aware of IV than males. Male athletes and those from Europe and Oceania expressed greater discomfort with reporting IV. While 74% were aware of the International Olympic Committee's safeguarding services, knowledge gaps existed among female athletes and non-English speakers. Athletes asked for more interactive tools, mental health programmes and improved accessibility to resources.CONCLUSIONOur findings highlight the importance of a holistic, athlete-centred approach, the need to improve access to health support services, the value of culturally tailored safeguarding strategies and the imperative of integrating safeguarding into broader health policies in youth sport.","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145083490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}