British Journal of Sports Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Optimal exercise dose in adults with chronic low back pain disorders: systematic review with dose-response network meta-analysis.","authors":"Nitin Kumar Arora, Tobias Saueressig, Tim Schleimer, Hugo Pedder, Xiaolong Chen, Aminu Alhassan Ibrahim, Lars Donath, Katja Ehrenbrusthoff, Jon J Ford, Andrew J Hahne, Ludwig Hammel, Eva-Maria Huessler, Ashish Diwan, Svenja Kaczorowski, Clint T Miller, Niamh L Mundell, Heike Norda, Patrick J Owen, Shikha Sharma, Scott D Tagliaferri, Sam Vickery, Tomer Yona, Xiaohui Zhao, Daniel L Belavý","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2026-111988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2026-111988","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To quantify exercise dose-response relationships and estimate the optimal dose in adults with chronic low back pain disorders (CLBDs).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Systematic review with random-effects model-based (non-linear) dose-response network meta-analysis. Risk of bias was assessed with Cochrane RoB 2 and certainty with the minimally contextualised Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation framework. A ≥5-point change (scaled 0-100) was predefined as clinically meaningful.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>Six databases, two trial registries and citations were searched to 3 June 2025 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Randomised controlled trials of exercise in adults (≥18 years) with CLBDs assessing disability or back pain at short (>1 day and ≤3 months), intermediate (>3 months and<12 months) and long-term (≥12 months) follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 239 trials (252 reports); 99.2% included non-specific chronic low back pain; two trials included radicular presentations. The model-predicted optimal dose for short-term disability was 4 sessions/week, 25 min/session over 13 weeks. For short-term pain intensity, the optimal dose was 3 sessions/week, 30 min/session over 8 weeks. However, credible intervals of most dose-levels overlapped. Few dose combinations were clinically meaningful beyond the short term. 84% of trials were at high risk of bias and certainty was very low to low. Adverse events (reported in 28.5% of trials) were predominantly non-serious and musculoskeletal.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Exercise training delivered at low to moderate doses was associated with short-term improvements in disability and pain intensity, which may be clinically meaningful, with limited additional benefit at higher exposure. Model-predicted doses provide guidance for exercise prescription; but the available evidence does not support a single optimal exercise dose and should be interpreted with caution given the low to very low certainty of evidence. Exercise training for radicular presentations is a key evidence gap.</p>","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149036243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The load-velocity profile as a muscle quality index and fall risk predictor in older adults: a multifactorial perspective (PhD Academy Award).","authors":"Daniel Jiménez-Lupión","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2026-112086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2026-112086","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149036268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Training-related concussions in men's English Premiership Rugby Union: an eight-season prospective cohort study of 153 243 player-weeks.","authors":"Samuel Joseph Hudson, Sean Williams, Lindsay Starling, Stephen West, Matt Cross, Lewis Henderson, Ben Jones, Simon Kemp, Keith Stokes","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2026-111653","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjsports-2026-111653","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the incidence, severity, burden and risk factors of training-related concussion injuries in elite men's Rugby Union.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Training-related concussions recorded as part of the Professional Rugby Injury Surveillance Project were examined between the 2016/2017 and 2023/2024 seasons. Incidence rates (per 1000 hours) were calculated with 95% CIs. Poisson regression and incidence rate ratios described season-to-season changes in concussion incidence. A generalised linear mixed model assessed the influence of time in season, match minutes played in the previous 28 days, dominant training type and previous concussion as fixed effects, accounting for weekly training exposure. Random intercepts included player and team.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The incidence of concussions in training was 0.23 per 1000 hours (95% CI 0.22 to 0.29). The mean severity (days absent) of concussions was 18 days (95% CI 15 to 21). The burden of training concussions was 4.16 days absent per 1000 hours (95% CI 3.57 to 4.85). The tackle (46%) and accidental collisions (26%) were the most common inciting events. The incidence of training-related concussions was significantly higher in the 2021/2022, 2022/2023 and 2023/2024 seasons compared with the 2016/2017 season. Preseason (incidence rate ratio (IRR) 1.80 (95% CI 1.24 to 2.60), p=0.01) and full-contact training (IRR 2.20 (95% CI 1.17 to 4.12), p=0.01) were associated with a higher risk of concussion compared with the final 3 months of the season and non-contact training.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Full-contact training and the preseason period are associated with an increased risk of training-related concussion. Accordingly, full-contact and preseason training should be strategically planned to minimise risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1394-1400"},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13638317/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148683494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Get trained, save lives: turning a mega sport event into a CPR training platform.","authors":"Evert Verhagen, Zoran Bahtijarevic, Jan Van Dooren, Lorenzo Gamberini, Carsten Lott, Federico Semeraro, Peter Klomp","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2026-112527","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjsports-2026-112527","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1367-1370"},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148648193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sciatic nerve involvement is associated with longer return to sport in collegiate American football players with acute hamstring injuries.","authors":"Kenneth S Lee, Adam Miller, Sam Mosiman, Mikel R Joachim, Bryan Heiderscheit","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2026-111940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2026-111940","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess if the British Athletics Muscle Injury Classification (BAMIC) grade and sciatic nerve involvement on MRI at time of hamstring strain injury (HSI) were associated with the time to return-to-sport (RTS) in National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I American football players.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Data were collected via a larger prospective cohort investigation of collegiate football players who sustained an HSI. MRIs at time of injury were assessed by a musculoskeletal radiologist using BAMIC. Sciatic nerve involvement was characterised by extent of adjacent oedema on MRI as no contact, partial (contacted by oedema) or complete (circumferentially surrounded by oedema). Spearman rank correlations, mixed-effects modelling and χ² analyses were used to determine associations between imaging characteristics, HSI severity and days missed before RTS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>96 unique HSI were included (100% male, mean age 20±1.58 years). Increasing BAMIC grade was associated with longer time to RTS (r=0.29, p=0.004). Sciatic nerve involvement was observed in 75/96 (78.1%) cases (35/96 (36.5%) partial, 40/96 (41.7%) complete), and no sciatic nerve involvement in 21/96 (21.9%) cases. There was a significant positive association between sciatic nerve involvement as BAMIC grade increased (p<0.001). While controlling for BAMIC grade, complete nerve involvement was associated with significantly longer time to RTS (33.7±20.0 days, p=0.01) compared with no involvement (21.5±14.8 days) and partial involvement (23.9±16.3 days, p=0.01). Partial sciatic nerve involvement (23.9±16.3 days, p=0.59) did not result in significantly longer RTS compared with no involvement.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Increasing radiologic severity, indicated by BAMIC grade and complete sciatic nerve involvement were associated with longer RTS following HSI. Sciatic nerve involvement on MRI should be considered in the assessment of acute HSI.</p>","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149036259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structured exercise interventions and survival outcomes in patients with cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.","authors":"Chih-Chen Tzang, Chiao-An Luo, Vicky Fu-Hsuan Kuo, Ewen Shengyao Huang, Yuan-Fu Kang, Wen-Yu Su, Yu-Lin Chen, Wei-Le Lin, Wei-Chen Lin, Bor-Show Tzang, Tsai-Ching Hsu","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2026-111664","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjsports-2026-111664","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Structured exercise is widely recommended in oncology care to improve quality of life and physical function, but its definitive role as a therapeutic intervention to prolong survival remains uncertain. This study aimed to quantify the association between structured exercise interventions and survival related outcomes in patients with cancer.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Systematic review and meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>PubMed, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, Web of Science, Scopus and ClinicalTrials.gov covering reports from database inception to 20 December 2025.</p><p><strong>Eligibility criteria: </strong>Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of structured exercise interventions in adults with confirmed cancer, reporting survival or pathological outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>21 RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. Structured exercise was associated with significant improvements in overall survival (HR 0.77; 95% CI 0.65 to 0.92; 11 RCTs, n=3828), disease-free survival (HR 0.83; 95% CI 0.72 to 0.95; 7 RCTs, n=5077), reduced all cause mortality (RR 0.82; 95% CI 0.70 to 0.97; 13 RCTs, n=5492) and reduced cancer specific mortality (RR 0.74; 95% CI 0.57 to 0.96; 6 RCTs, n=2048), but not with progression-free survival or pathological complete response. Certainty of evidence, assessed using Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE), was rated as moderate for overall survival, disease-free survival and cancer specific and all cause mortality. Further exploratory analyses indicated a more pronounced benefit among participants with higher adherence, those who underwent aerobic exercise and those with early stage disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results support consideration of structured exercise as an effective adjuvant therapy in oncological care, with potential survival and recurrence benefits that extend beyond its traditional role in improving quality of life.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>PROSPERO CRD420251245153.</p>","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1434-1442"},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148975985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multidimensional evidence map of sport science and medicine research in highly trained, elite and world-class female athletes: a scoping review.","authors":"Natalia Galan-Lopez, Kate Markey, Charlotte Steele, Carly Brade, Angela L Spence, Francesco Aiello, Michele Zanini, Rita Giro, Sarah Carter, Alannah K A McKay, Mitch Henderson, Margo Mountjoy, Amber Donaldson, Jonathan T Finnoff, Travis Anderson, Eric G Post, William M Adams, Chris J Esh, Bryna C R Chrismas, Lee Taylor","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2026-111746","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjsports-2026-111746","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Conduct a comprehensive scoping review of sport science and medicine (SSM) research in highly trained, elite and world-class female athletes.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Scoping review.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>PubMed (MEDLINE, EBSCOhost), Scopus, SPORTDiscus (EBSCOhost), Web of Science and base-search (grey literature).</p><p><strong>Eligibility: </strong>Peer-reviewed and grey literature informing the health and performance of highly trained, elite and/or world-class female athletes (>16 years of age), with mixed-group studies retained when data were reported separately. Sports that require physical exertion or highly skilled movements were included. The search was restricted to English with no date limits.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>3,867 (1970-2025) records including 3,250 (84%) original studies reporting 4,374,571 participants [31% female (n=1,368,170)] were reviewed. 3,221 (99%) studies included athletes [world class, n=433 (13%); elite, n=1,873 (58%); highly trained, n=1,302 (40%)] across 102 different sport disciplines from 74 different countries. 135 (4%) studies included athletes with disabilities, 58 (2%) retired and 37 (1%) masters athletes. Physiology (n=1,059 studies, 33%), performance analysis (n=947, 29%) and injury (n=820, 25%) were the most common SSM general themes; equipment (n=84, 3%), law (n=17, 1%) and business (n=8, 0%) were least common. Health-related SSM themes included musculoskeletal (n=364, 22%), mental (n=243, 15%) and cardiovascular (n=183, 11%) health; pelvic floor (n=26, 2%), breast health (n=11, 1%) and (peri-)menopause (n=2, 0%) were least common.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Research in high-performing female athletes is increasing, however persistent gaps remain in participant representation, geographical coverage and health-related themes. Targeted, co-created and multidisciplinary research approaches are needed to improve equity, relevance and impact in female athlete health and performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1409-1420"},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148577161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: <i>Body composition and physical fitness in transgender versus cisgender individuals: a systematic review with meta-analysis</i>.","authors":"","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110239corr2","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110239corr2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"e6"},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148711536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"International school-based physical activity promotion programmes for children in socio-economically disadvantaged contexts in high-income countries: a narrative review and structured analysis.","authors":"Elise Decorte, Nathalie Jelen, Williams Nuytens","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110456","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110456","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>School-based physical activity (PA) interventions can contribute to reducing social inequalities in health. However, implementation in socio-economically disadvantaged school settings remains challenging due to organisational, material and social constraints.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify implementation conditions associated with the successful delivery of PA interventions in primary schools in socio-economically disadvantaged contexts in high-income countries, focusing on adoption, local ownership and integration into school routines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>School-based PA interventions were identified through a search of six bibliographic databases conducted iteratively between 2022 and 2024 and covering studies published up to early 2022 using predefined eligibility criteria. Programmes were analysed across three dimensions: school entry modalities (top-down, bottom-up or hybrid); stakeholder involvement (school staff, students, families and community actors); and the level of contextual and socio-cultural adaptation, coded exclusively from explicitly reported information. Implementation conditions were synthesised using the <i>Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research</i> (CFIR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixteen interventions met inclusion criteria. Top-down (public authority initiated) approaches facilitated targeting disadvantaged schools but were associated with limited local ownership. Bottom-up (school-initiated) approaches promoted local engagement but were prone to selection bias. Hybrid models, combining institutional targeting and local adaptation, documented implementation effectiveness (adoption, organisational compatibility and support). Highly adapted programmes relied on dedicated resources, flexibility and integration into school routines whereas standardised models produced transient effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In socio-economically disadvantaged school settings, PA intervention effectiveness depends on contextual fit and implementation conditions. Findings apply to disadvantaged contexts in high-income countries and highlight the need for future research integrating implementation analyses and long-term follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1315-1324"},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147986870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GLP-1 receptor agonists and weight-loss strategies for individuals with obesity and hip or knee osteoarthritis: a scoping review.","authors":"Conor J McCann, Nick D Clement, Andrew Murray, Ronan Kearney, Sharon Madigan, Christopher W Gee, Phil Walmsley, Scott Morrison, Swati Chopra, Andrew J Hall","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-111225","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-111225","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To map current strategies for weight loss in hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA), with emphasis on the emerging role of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1-RAs) as tools in achieving weight loss and impacting symptoms, disease progression and perioperative outcomes in individuals with obesity.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Scoping review conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) framework and methodological guidance from the Joanna Briggs Institute and Arksey and O'Malley.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>PubMed, Web of Science, Directory of Open Access Journals, Scopus, ProQuest Central (1 January 2010 to 18 August 2025).</p><p><strong>Eligibility criteria: </strong>Included studies focused on adults (≥18 years) with obesity and hip or knee OA, examined weight-loss strategies (nutritional, physical activity, surgical or pharmacological) including GLP-1-RAs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 199 included studies, 36 (18.1%) directly assessed GLP-1-RAs and of these, 14/36 (38.9%) reported original data. Evidence was heavily skewed towards knee OA, with limited hip-specific data. Descriptive analysis revealed a narrow geographical distribution of studies and a rapidly increasing focus on GLP-1-RAs; most studies involving GLP-1-RAs (29/36, 80.6%) were published between 2024 and 2025 and were of a low level of evidence (19/36, 52.8% level 5). Randomised and cohort data in knee OA indicate that GLP-1-RAs are associated with substantial weight loss, with accompanying improvements in pain/function and reduced progression to arthroplasty. In contrast, evidence in hip OA is sparse with weaker associations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>GLP-1-RAs represent a promising adjunct for managing individuals with OA complicated by obesity. Until further evidence emerges, GLP-1-RAs should be integrated into supervised, multimodal musculoskeletal care rather than used as standalone weight-loss agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1325-1338"},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148283343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}