Building and Environment最新文献_第6页

Improved methods for assessing summer thermal environments in tropical urban beaches: Combining field measurements and simulation 评估热带城市海滩夏季热环境的改进方法：实地测量与模拟相结合

IF 7.6 1区工程技术

Building and Environment Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2026.114195

Jiahao Yang , Zhaosong Fang , Shaolin Gan , Jiacheng Wen , Xiang Zhang , Yini Fan , Zhiyi Huang , Yuyang Lin , Jun Lu

{"title":"Improved methods for assessing summer thermal environments in tropical urban beaches: Combining field measurements and simulation","authors":"Jiahao Yang , Zhaosong Fang , Shaolin Gan , Jiacheng Wen , Xiang Zhang , Yini Fan , Zhiyi Huang , Yuyang Lin , Jun Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2026.114195","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2026.114195","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Strong solar radiation and unique surface properties in tropical beach areas create extreme outdoor thermal environments during summer, posing significant challenges for accurate thermal environment assessment. This study conducted field measurements at a beach site in Haikou, China, followed by computational simulations and model optimization. The main findings include: 1) Unshaded areas exhibited mean radiant temperatures (MRT) exceeding 70 °C, downward short-wave radiation over 1000 W/m², and surface temperatures reaching 61.4 °C; 2) Significant measurement errors were observed in the black-globe thermometer method, particularly when using smaller globes. After implementing segmented convective heat transfer coefficient calibration based on T<sub>a</sub> thresholds, the accuracy of all black-globe thermometer methods was significantly improved, achieving performance metrics of d (Consistency Index) > 0.89, RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) < 4.57, MAE (Mean Absolute Error) < 3.29, MBE (Mean Bias Error) < 0.87, and R² (Correlation coefficient) > 0.83; 3) While ENVI-met effectively simulated spatial MRT distribution, thermal indices (especially PET, Physiological Equivalent Temperature) required calibration. Post-optimization, the maximum RMSE between simulated and measured values decreased to 4.64 for PET and 2.05 for UTCI (Universal Thermal Climate Index), with MAE values of 3.85 and 1.79, and MBE values of 0.91 and 0.96, indicating substantially improved accuracy. This study provides methodological support for thermal environment assessment in beach areas and offers practical insights for thermal safety planning and management in coastal regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 114195"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145948003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effects of bed cooling on sleep quality and sleep thermal comfort in overheated bedrooms 在过热的卧室里，床冷却对睡眠质量和睡眠热舒适的影响

IF 7.6 1区工程技术

Building and Environment Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2026.114213

Jaydeep Bhadra , Arash Beizaee , Iuliana Hartescu , Kevin Lomas

{"title":"The effects of bed cooling on sleep quality and sleep thermal comfort in overheated bedrooms","authors":"Jaydeep Bhadra , Arash Beizaee , Iuliana Hartescu , Kevin Lomas","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2026.114213","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2026.114213","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Elevated night-time temperatures in bedrooms on hot summer nights impairs sleep quality and sleep thermal comfort. Passive and low energy night-time cooling strategies can enhance individuals’ comfort without relying on air conditioning. This study evaluates the impact of a low-energy, water-based cooling mattress topper on sleep thermal comfort and quality in healthy adults sleeping in overheated UK bedrooms. Seventeen participants took part in repeated-measures controlled-bedroom experiments consisting of three stages: (1) baseline sleep in their own bedrooms under normal summer conditions, (2) sleep on a standard bedding system in a bedroom controlled at 30°C, and (3) sleep in the same overheated bedroom with the cooling mattress topper. Objective sleep metrics were recorded using wrist actigraphy, while subjective thermal comfort and sleep quality were assessed using validated questionnaires.</div><div>The cooling mattress topper was found to significantly improve sleep thermal comfort metrics (p < 0.05) with large effect sizes (r = 0.71 to 0.93). Substantial improvements in perceived sleep quality and a reduction in time spent awake were also reported. Actigraphy data showed that use of bed cooling restored total sleep time to baseline levels and reduced Sleep Onset Latency by ten minutes compared to using standard bedding. The findings suggest that targeted bed cooling is an effective, low-energy solution for mitigating sleep disruption in overheated bedrooms, and for mitigating the effects of increasing summertime temperatures in UK homes. There is an urgent need for sleep-specific overheating standards for UK homes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 114213"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145948005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

CFD approach to hybrid ventilation for mitigating hydrogen leak dispersion in double-decker fuel cell bus cabins 双层燃料电池客车舱内氢泄漏扩散的混合通风CFD方法研究

IF 7.6 1区工程技术

Building and Environment Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2026.114255

S.V. Vijaya Bushan, S. Rithvik, A.P. Arjun, R. Harish

{"title":"CFD approach to hybrid ventilation for mitigating hydrogen leak dispersion in double-decker fuel cell bus cabins","authors":"S.V. Vijaya Bushan, S. Rithvik, A.P. Arjun, R. Harish","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2026.114255","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2026.114255","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As hydrogen emerges as a clean and efficient fuel for public transportation, ensuring onboard safety in hydrogen-powered vehicles becomes critical, especially during leaks in enclosed compartments. This study presents a computational fluid dynamics analysis of hydrogen dispersion dynamics in a double-decker hydrogen-powered bus following a leakage event. The primary motivation is to address safety concerns caused by the rapid dispersion of hydrogen, particularly in enclosed passenger areas where gas buildup near ignition sources may create significant hazards. The novelty of this work lies in systematically evaluating passive and active mitigation strategies, including strategically placed air curtains and emergency vents, to suppress cross-deck hydrogen transport and enhance rapid dilution. A detailed parametric study assessed the effects of air curtain placement, vent positioning and their combined interaction on hydrogen concentration distribution, leakage containment and venting efficiency. Simulation results demonstrate that a symmetrically installed dual air curtain system around the leak source achieved optimal safety performance, reducing the hydrogen mass fraction in the lower deck by up to 85.7% while preventing vertical migration to the upper deck. Alternative configurations such as rear-mounted ventilation systems and strategically positioned air curtains at the front and rear, also significantly reduced the hydrogen accumulation by up to 63.11%, highlighting the role of combined buoyancy and momentum-driven mitigation mechanisms. The findings provide critical design insights for developing hydrogen-powered transportation systems with enhanced leak resilience and occupant protection, offering valuable guidelines for future regulatory and safety frameworks in the hydrogen mobility sector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 114255"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146024636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study on the dispersion characteristics of pollutant from a linearly mobile buoyancy-driven pollution source 线性移动浮力驱动污染源污染物扩散特性研究

IF 7.6 1区工程技术

Building and Environment Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.114172

Zhixiang Cao , Zefang Yang , Yuqing Bai , Chen Zhang , Yi Wang , Yuqi Wang , Chao Zhai , Tongtong Zhao , Songheng Wu

{"title":"Study on the dispersion characteristics of pollutant from a linearly mobile buoyancy-driven pollution source","authors":"Zhixiang Cao , Zefang Yang , Yuqing Bai , Chen Zhang , Yi Wang , Yuqi Wang , Chao Zhai , Tongtong Zhao , Songheng Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.114172","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.114172","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A large number of buoyancy-driven pollution sources with linear motion exist in various living and industrial scenarios. The dispersion location and range of the plumes emitted by such sources are closely related to their motion characteristics. However, current research remains insufficient to meet the requirements for effective pollutant control. In this study, both experimental and numerical methods were employed to investigate the pollutant dispersion process of a buoyancy-driven source during linear motion characterized by acceleration–uniform velocity–deceleration phases. Furthermore, a predictive model for the maximum horizontal dispersion range of pollutants was established using multiple nonlinear regression analysis. The results reveal that the development of the plume flow field from a linearly mobile source can be divided into five distinct stages: reverse flow, steady movement, re-lifting, transition, and stabilization. During the movement, a counter-rotating vortex pair is formed, resulting in an increased plume dispersion range perpendicular to the moving direction. The maximum horizontal dispersion range in the moving direction occurs during the re-lifting stage. At lower spatial heights, the variation in the maximum dispersion range is not significant; however, at higher spatial positions, the maximum dispersion range is strongly influenced by the moving distance, uniform velocity, deceleration, and temperature difference. Additionally, the lag distance of the pollutants initially increases and then decreases, and acceleration does not affect its peak value. Finally, the prediction error of the model is predominantly below 10 %. When parameters exceed the originally defined range, the regression model should be rebuilt using data spanning a broader domain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 114172"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146024673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantification of pollutant re-introduction through ventilation openings into a building: A benchmark based on wind-tunnel experiments 污染物通过通风孔重新引入建筑物的量化：基于风洞实验的基准

IF 7.6 1区工程技术

Building and Environment Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2026.114262

Romain Guichard , Anjali Krishnan Radhakrishnan Jayakumari , Stefanie Gillmeier , Ali Bahloul

{"title":"Quantification of pollutant re-introduction through ventilation openings into a building: A benchmark based on wind-tunnel experiments","authors":"Romain Guichard , Anjali Krishnan Radhakrishnan Jayakumari , Stefanie Gillmeier , Ali Bahloul","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2026.114262","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2026.114262","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In occupational risk prevention, collective protection measures based on ventilation to reduce exposure to chemical hazards generally consist of containing a pollutant at its source, capturing it, and releasing it outdoors, after purification when it is applicable. However, unfiltered pollutants that are released can be re-introduced through ventilation air intakes or windows of the same building or neighbouring buildings, depending on wind conditions. Predicting the amount of pollutant re-introduced remains very challenging while essential to implement appropriate risk control measures. In this context, an experimental benchmark has been designed to quantify the dispersion and re-introduction of a pollutant in a reduced-scale building model. It accounts for the wind flow around the building, the building mechanical ventilation system, the emission and tracking of a tracer gas in an atmospheric boundary layer wind tunnel (ABLWT). In addition to measurements of tracer gas concentration in the ventilation exhaust duct for 13 wind directions (0, 15, 30, 45, 50, 60, 75, 90, 135, 180, 225, 270 and 315°) and 3 wind speeds (6.4, 9.0 and 11.1 m/s at the building model height), a mapping of the concentration inside and outside the building at the ventilation air intakes is provided for the worst-case scenario of wind conditions. This experimental data is crucial for validating, under controlled conditions, pollutant dispersion models for both outdoor and indoor environments in a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) framework, as well as for assessing ventilation network simulations using zonal or nodal approaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 114262"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146024802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A metabolic rate prediction method under the effects of multiple factors for Chinese young males 多因素影响下中国青年男性代谢率预测方法

IF 7.6 1区工程技术

Building and Environment Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.114178

Xianze Liu, Tingsen Chen, Wenhao Zhou, Shuli Liu, Wenjie Ji

{"title":"A metabolic rate prediction method under the effects of multiple factors for Chinese young males","authors":"Xianze Liu, Tingsen Chen, Wenhao Zhou, Shuli Liu, Wenjie Ji","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.114178","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.114178","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The metabolic rate (MET) is a fundamental parameter influencing thermal comfort, which further affects the well-being and productivity of the occupants. Here, the effects of activity intensity, ambient temperature, humidity, and barometric pressure on MET were studied. The results exhibited a quadratic relationship with temperature under most conditions when clothing insulation was fixed, but the ambient humidity had little effect on MET for Chinese young males. Barometric pressure influenced MET only below 80 kPa, where MET increased with decreasing pressure. In addition, a fundamental equation linking MET to walking speed was established, and based on this equation, temperature, clothing insulation correction, and barometric pressure correction were successively proposed. Validation against measured MET data from other studies showed an average relative error of 6.5% and a predictive reliability of 69.6%, demonstrating the equation’s superior predictive capability. Finally, a MET prediction equation for females was derived by replacing the fundamental equation, which maintained good predictive capability, highlighting the model's potential applicability. The obtained results were of great significance in promoting the development of MET measurement and estimation for future correction of thermal comfort standards.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 114178"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145975823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Linking sleep quality, thermal comfort, and performance: Evidence from naturally ventilated classrooms in warm-humid climate 连接睡眠质量、热舒适和性能：来自温暖潮湿气候下自然通风教室的证据

IF 7.6 1区工程技术

Building and Environment Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2026.114208

Samar Thapa , Goutam Kumar Panda , Sudip Barman

{"title":"Linking sleep quality, thermal comfort, and performance: Evidence from naturally ventilated classrooms in warm-humid climate","authors":"Samar Thapa , Goutam Kumar Panda , Sudip Barman","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2026.114208","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2026.114208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ensuring thermally comfortable and healthy indoor environments in educational buildings is vital for sustainability. This is more crucial in warm-humid regions of the global south, where reliance on air-conditioning threatens energy goals along with economic costs. However, no field studies in India have examined how previous-night sleep quality modulates the next-day thermal comfort perception and learning performance in naturally-ventilated (NV) classrooms. This study investigates the interplay between sleep quality, thermal comfort, and learning performance in NV classrooms, emphasizing the role of low-energy adaptive strategies. “Right-here-right-now” field studies (N = 430) were conducted in 11 classrooms, combining indoor environmental monitoring with self-reported thermal sensation and perceived (and model estimated) performance. Sleep-quality was measured using a modified Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) by considering 5 out of 7 components as relevant with our student cohort and recall period of previous-night (instead of 30 days). Significant seasonal differences in clothing insulation and factors of thermal comfort were seen. Sleep quality exhibited a greater gender difference, with an inferior sleep among female than in males (mean PSQI 4.42 versus 2.83). Further, sleep quality significantly influenced both thermal comfort responses (higher/inferior PSQI associated with extreme sensation and preference) and relative performance. By linking previous-night sleep to daytime thermal experience and estimated performance, this study illustrates that sleep quality amplifies thermal stress on concentration and learning outcomes in student population and thus underscores the societal importance of health-centred indoor climate strategies for educational equity, energy efficiency and urban sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 114208"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145976333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dynamic removal of wheel/rail-derived UFPs in the metro environment using a near-source electrostatic purification system 使用近源静电净化系统动态去除地铁环境中车轮/轨道产生的ufp

IF 7.6 1区工程技术

Building and Environment Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2026.114204

Shuai Liu , Yanling Na , Chongxu Jiang , Zhuangbo Feng

{"title":"Dynamic removal of wheel/rail-derived UFPs in the metro environment using a near-source electrostatic purification system","authors":"Shuai Liu , Yanling Na , Chongxu Jiang , Zhuangbo Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2026.114204","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2026.114204","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The metal-containing particles (Fe/Ni/Cr/Mn) generated from wheel-rail abrasion account for approximately 90% of the particulate matter in metro carriages and on platforms. The metal UFPs (ultrafine particles) pose more severe health risks due to their small size and high toxicity. Previous studies have proposed near-source UFPs purifiers installed beneath metro carriage to dynamically capture rail-derived UFPs before they disperse widely within tunnels. However, limited attentions have been given to the interaction between complex tunnel airflow and the purifiers attached to a metro carriage, remaining challenges for practical engineering applications. This study proposes a two-stage electrostatic precipitator (with two charging zones in both its upstream and downstream ends) installed beneath the metro carriage, which employs a dynamic ionized electric field to directly capture rail-derived UFPs. To enable the quantitative design of the electrostatic purification system, this study develops a systematic numerical model, encompassing tunnel piston wind and air turbulence, UFPs emission and dispersion, and electrostatic purification processes. The numerical model of electrostatic precipitator is a typical dynamic multi-physics field model. Numerical models have been employed to predict unsteady tunnel airflow, UFPs distribution, and transient electrostatic purification efficiency under the influence of metro motion. Finally, the spatial layout and key design parameters of electrostatic precipitator are numerically optimized, aiming at high-efficiently remove the rail-derived UFPs and mitigate occupant health risk in metro system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 114204"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145947952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Thermal differences between children and adults in relation to street landscape structure: A case study of Hangzhou 儿童与成人热差异与街道景观结构的关系——以杭州为例

IF 7.6 1区工程技术

Building and Environment Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2026.114273

Xiaoya Jin , Tailong Zhang , Xiaohua Wu , Weilin Lou , Yamei Shen , Ziyang Zhang , Yuehan Guo

{"title":"Thermal differences between children and adults in relation to street landscape structure: A case study of Hangzhou","authors":"Xiaoya Jin , Tailong Zhang , Xiaohua Wu , Weilin Lou , Yamei Shen , Ziyang Zhang , Yuehan Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2026.114273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2026.114273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the intensification of the urban heat island effect, children are increasingly exposed to elevated thermal stress in street environments. This study focuses on typical school-route streets in Hangzhou, combining field measurements and ENVI-met simulations to examine how street landscape structures (SVF, BVF, TVF) influence thermal differences between children and adults. Cooling effects under various intervention scenarios were also evaluated. Results show that: (1) children generally experience higher thermal exposure than adults, with children’s PET commonly exceeding that of adults by 1–4 °C during daytime and reaching 6–9 °C during specific periods, showing pronounced temporal characteristics; (2) the coupling between street geometry and the three-dimensional radiation field constitutes the fundamental mechanism driving these differences. Due to height-dependent variations in view factors, children are more exposed to longwave radiation from near-ground surfaces and lower building facades. In E-W oriented streets, the low solar altitude angle further induces multiple reflections and concentration of shortwave radiation within the lower part of the street canyon, amplifying these differences; (3) trees provide the most effective cooling, whereas discontinuous tree canopies lead to localized thermal fluctuations, and highly reflective materials may cause secondary heating. To promote child-friendly cities, it is essential to adopt a height-sensitive microclimate assessment framework and to coordinately optimize street orientation, tree configuration, and surface materials in order to achieve thermal environmental equity. This research provides scientific guidance for child-friendly street design and urban microclimate optimization, supporting more climate-adaptive and equitable urban environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 114273"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146074793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of visual environment on soundscape in urban commercial spaces 视觉环境对城市商业空间声景观的影响

IF 7.6 1区工程技术

Building and Environment Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113903

Jaeyun Jeon , Geon-Hee Kim , Mami Kondo , Kana Nagayama , Jaeyoung Heo , Joo-Young Hong

{"title":"Impact of visual environment on soundscape in urban commercial spaces","authors":"Jaeyun Jeon , Geon-Hee Kim , Mami Kondo , Kana Nagayama , Jaeyoung Heo , Joo-Young Hong","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113903","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113903","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Commercial spaces combine diverse auditory sources with strong visual stimuli. In such settings, soundscape quality together with visual quality, is critical for user experience, and a multisensory approach can shape visitor’s perceived acoustic comfort. This study therefore investigates how visual environments affect soundscape perception across indoor, arcade, and outdoor commercial streets. An immersive VR-based subjective assessment of six commercial streets in South Korea and Japan was conducted under Audio-Only (AO) and Audio-Visual (AV) conditions. The results revealed that visual stimuli generally reduced the perceived dominance of sound sources and the perceived loudness of the sound environment. Visual stimuli significantly influenced the perceived spatial impressions of soundscapes, particularly in indoor and arcade settings, making them perceived as more enclosed under an AV condition than an AO condition. Interestingly, arcade environments exhibited soundscape characteristics akin to indoor spaces, suggesting they should be managed similarly in soundscape assessment. The affective quality of soundscape showed significant differences between AO and AV conditions in indoor and outdoor commercial spaces, whereas arcade environments exhibited no notable changes. Particularly, the pleasantness of the soundscape significantly differed between AO and AV conditions across all indoor and outdoor locations. Overall, the soundscape quality was significantly affected by visual input and strongly correlated with perceived visual quality. Path analysis revealed that auditory satisfaction, visual satisfaction, and audio-visual congruence significantly influenced overall environmental satisfaction, explaining 60.2% of the total variance. These findings underscore the necessity of integrated, multisensory design strategies for commercial street environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 113903"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146074796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0