Building and Environment最新文献_第5页

Physiological and perceptual responses of firefighters wearing protective clothing under various training environment and activity conditions 穿着防护服的消防员在各种训练环境和活动条件下的生理和知觉反应

IF 7.1 1区工程技术

Building and Environment Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112247

Huijuan Xu , Lei Zhang , Zhao Jin , Bin Cao , Aobing Wang , Zhijian Liu , Faming Wang

{"title":"Physiological and perceptual responses of firefighters wearing protective clothing under various training environment and activity conditions","authors":"Huijuan Xu , Lei Zhang , Zhao Jin , Bin Cao , Aobing Wang , Zhijian Liu , Faming Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112247","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112247","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To enhance operational capabilities of firefighters in live-fire scenarios, daily training is absolutely important which involves various types of training tasks in diverse thermal environments. Fire training in heat may impose severe heat stress on firefighters. Yet, the thermal burden associating with different training has rarely been studied. In this study, twelve healthy male firefighters performed 50 min of treadmill exercise while wearing firefighting protective clothing (FPC) in two environmental conditions (34 °C and 37 °C) with three training intensities (3 km/h, 4.5 km/h and 6 km/h). Results showed that in hot environments, training intensity exhibited a more pronounced effect on physiological responses than ambient temperature. Exposure to 37 °C with heavy activity produced high level of core temperature (38.8 ± 0.2 °C), near maximal heart rate (164±18 bpm), increased energy expenditure (27.10±1.42 ml/min/kg) coupled with mild dehydration (2.08%±0.35%). The forehead, back and chest which showed the highest level of thermal sensation vote, wetness sensation vote and thermal comfort vote are suggested to be primarily considered when designing cooling strategies. Moreover, when providing recovery and cooling for firefighters working in extreme heat while wearing fully encapsulated FPC, the priority should be given to work intensity and duration, followed by environmental conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 112247"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Explainable AI-driven high-fidelity IAQ prediction (HiFi-IAQ) model for subway stations: Spatiotemporal outdoor air quality interpolation using geographic data” 地铁站可解释人工智能驱动的高保真室内空气质量预测（HiFi-IAQ）模型》的更正：利用地理数据进行时空室外空气质量插值"

IF 7.1 1区工程技术

Building and Environment Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112220

SangYoun Kim , Shahzeb Tariq , Roberto Chang , Usama Ali , Abdulrahman H. Ba-Alawi , SungKu Heo , ChangKyoo Yoo

引用次数: 0

An efficient thermal comfort prediction method for indoor airflow environment using a CFD-based deep learning model 使用基于 CFD 的深度学习模型的高效室内气流环境热舒适度预测方法

IF 7.1 1区工程技术

Building and Environment Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112246

Tiantian Wang , Xiaoying Li , Yibin Lu , Lini Dong , Fangcheng Shi , Zhang Lin

{"title":"An efficient thermal comfort prediction method for indoor airflow environment using a CFD-based deep learning model","authors":"Tiantian Wang , Xiaoying Li , Yibin Lu , Lini Dong , Fangcheng Shi , Zhang Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112246","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112246","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thermal comfort in indoor environments significantly affects human health and productivity, while there remains room for improvement in enhancing thermal comfort around individuals. This study proposed an efficient thermal comfort prediction method based on the Convolutional Neural Networks-Long Short-Term Memory (CNN-LSTM) model to rapidly and accurately assess indoor thermal comfort. As demonstrated with a high-speed train, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technology is combined to establish the dataset. Five design parameters (the ratio and angle of the upper inlets, supply air temperature and humidity, and external temperature) and four evaluation indices (air velocity, air temperature, Predicted Mean Vote, and Draft Rate) are considered in assessing the accuracy of the method on the test dataset. The results indicate that CNN-LSTM achieves consistent and accurate predictive performance, with average mean absolute error (MAE) close to 0.01 m/s, 0.2 °C, 0.1, and 1.0. On the generalization test set, the predictive performance of CNN-LSTM decreases slightly, but the average of the determination coefficients (<span><math><msup><mi>R</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></math></span>) still approaches 0.89. The thermal comfort prediction method developed in this study demonstrates significant advantages in predictive performance, showing great potential for application in the construction of healthy and comfortable indoor environments in buildings, aircraft, subways, etc.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 112246"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “A two-part model for evaluation of thermal neutrality for sleeping people” 对 "用于评估睡眠者热中立性的两部分模型 "的更正

IF 7.1 1区工程技术

Building and Environment Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112224

Li Lan , Zhiqiang Zhai John , Zhiwei Lian

引用次数: 0

Stochastic model predictive control for the optimal operation of office buildings 办公楼优化运行的随机模型预测控制

IF 7.1 1区工程技术

Building and Environment Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112248

Ning He , Jiawen Guo , Yanxin Li , Yubo Quan , Ruoxia Li , Liu Yang

引用次数: 0

Thermal physiological characteristics of the Xizang people in asymmetrical dressing exposures on the plateau 西藏人在高原不对称穿衣暴露中的热生理特征

IF 7.1 1区工程技术

Building and Environment Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112252

Dongxue Zhao , Cong Song , Yanfeng Liu , Xiaoyun Wang

{"title":"Thermal physiological characteristics of the Xizang people in asymmetrical dressing exposures on the plateau","authors":"Dongxue Zhao , Cong Song , Yanfeng Liu , Xiaoyun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112252","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112252","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Xizang people, living in the “Third Pole of the World,” have long-formed asymmetrical dressing habits that pose unique challenges to their physiological mechanisms. This study examined the physiological parameters of the Xizang people under symmetrical and various asymmetrical dressing angles to analyze the influence of these dressing styles on their thermal responses. Partial correlation analysis was used to further clarify the physiological thermal assessment indicator of the Xizang people. The results showed that, compared to symmetrical dressing, the Xizang people exhibited higher blood perfusion index and core temperature under asymmetrical dressing. In cold environments, those with symmetrical dressing had higher mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and relative activity ratio of sympathetic to parasympathetic nervous system, indicating dominant sympathetic nerve activity. At an ambient temperature of 15 °C, the Xizang people demonstrated a mean skin temperature difference of 2.6 °C and a right wrist temperature difference of 4.5 °C between symmetrical and the asymmetrical dressing angle with 50° Skin temperature was identified as the physiological thermal assessment indicator for the Xizang people considering asymmetrical dressing styles. This study provided a physiological foundation for the accurate design of plateau built environments suitable for the Xizang people.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 112252"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis of microbial contamination and risk assessment model construction at critical public congregation areas of apartment buildings 公寓楼重要公共聚集区的微生物污染分析和风险评估模型构建

IF 7.1 1区工程技术

Building and Environment Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112232

Xiaodong Wang , Yang Lv , Danyang Guo , Xianghao Duan

{"title":"Analysis of microbial contamination and risk assessment model construction at critical public congregation areas of apartment buildings","authors":"Xiaodong Wang , Yang Lv , Danyang Guo , Xianghao Duan","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112232","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112232","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the context of rapid urbanization, apartments have become the preferred living choice for many urban residents, bringing the microbial environment of public areas and its impact on residents' health into sharp focus. This study sampled airborne and settling microbes at key congregation points within apartment public areas, analyzed microbial community composition, and systematically assessed microbial risks during both static and dynamic stages. The results reveal that in the static phase, the airborne microbial population is dominated by <em>Staphylococcus</em> (740 CFU/m³), <em>Lysinibacillus</em> (650 CFU/m³), and <em>Micrococcus</em> (550 CFU/m³), while the settling microbial population is led by <em>Staphylococcus</em> (5658.8 CFU/(m²·h)), <em>Micrococcus</em> (4872.9 CFU/(m²·h)), and <em>Lysinibacillus</em> (2672.2 CFU/(m²·h)). The highest counts of airborne microbes were found in the stairwell (270 CFU/m³) during both phases, whereas settling microbes peaked at the apartment entrance (3615.4 CFU/(m²·h)) in the static phase and in the elevator car (15,247.4 CFU/(m²·h)) during the dynamic phase. Further biodiversity analysis results showed that the elevator car had higher diversity during both the morning and evening peaks in the dynamic phase, indicating that pedestrian flow significantly impacts the composition of the microbial community. A mathematical model was also developed to evaluate microbial hazards. The model reveals the elevator car having the highest microbial risk during dynamic phase, with an 18.2% higher risk in the evening peak compared to the morning. This study provides a scientific basis for microbial risk management, environmental design optimization, and disease prevention strategies in public areas of apartment buildings, which will help improve residents' living environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 112232"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Source term estimation of a time-varying source around a building based on Bayesian inference and unsteady adjoint equations 基于贝叶斯推理和非稳态邻接方程的建筑物周围时变源的源项估计

IF 7.1 1区工程技术

Building and Environment Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112251

Yiping Lin, Hong Huang, Xiaole Zhang

{"title":"Source term estimation of a time-varying source around a building based on Bayesian inference and unsteady adjoint equations","authors":"Yiping Lin, Hong Huang, Xiaole Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112251","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112251","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In actual pollutant dispersion accidents, the location of the source is typically concealed and the intensity of the source varies with time. It is important to accurately estimate source parameters based on limited sensor data. However, previous studies were based on the assumption of stabilized sources and concentration fields, and ignored the process of sensor concentration changes over time, which affects the accuracy of the estimation. Therefore, this study applied a source term estimation (STE) method which combines the Bayesian inference method with unsteady adjoint equations to a time-varying source around building. The influences of the release forms, locations, and heights of the source were analyzed from the flow field and transient stage perspectives. We found that the estimation of the time-varying source performed worse than that of the constant source assumed in existing studies. The uncertainty of the estimated results increased with the complexity of the release forms of the source. In particular, the estimation of the location and strength of the period source had a wider probability distribution, higher uncertainty, and was more susceptible to changes in source location and height. The results showed that for time-varying sources, the estimated results fluctuated strongly over time with the pre-developmental and stabilization phases, and it was critical to estimate the source term based on sensor data at various time points.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 112251"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of future climate scenarios on thermal performance and resilience of building façades: Canadian climate case study 未来气候情景对建筑外墙热性能和复原力的影响：加拿大气候案例研究

IF 7.1 1区工程技术

Building and Environment Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112245

Shahrzad Soudian, Umberto Berardi

{"title":"Impact of future climate scenarios on thermal performance and resilience of building façades: Canadian climate case study","authors":"Shahrzad Soudian, Umberto Berardi","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Buildings in urban areas are responsible for a significant share of GHG emissions that directly contribute to climate change. Nevertheless, the built environment is vulnerable to the changing climate. Particularly, the unpredictable weather threatens the performance of building components, durability of building materials, and indoor environmental comfort. In this study, the impact of future climate on thermal performance of building façades in the Canadian climate is investigated using simulation analysis. To account for different climate conditions, three future weather scenarios pertaining to global temperature rise of 0.5 °C, 1.5 °C, and 2.5 °C were compared with historical weather data. Both hourly and Typical Meteorological Year (TMY) weather data were studied. The results, including thermal transmittance, heat flux, moisture content, and façade temperature were compared. This comparison could show the applicability of using averaged TMY data compared to the large hourly dataset. The results show a pattern of change in the façade's thermal and hygrothermal performance as temperature, relative humidity and solar radiation norms change in both seasons. The comparison between the TMY and the Yearly data showed an underestimation of heat transfer within the façade when the TMY data is used. The historical TMY data results showed the inadequacy of this weather file for climate impact assessments of facades in both summer and winter. The approach used in this study can be repeated for different climate conditions, acting as a tool to design façades and predict their performance in face of a changing climate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 112245"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental evaluations of Berkeley thermal sensation and comfort models in electric vehicle cabin under cold outdoor conditions 寒冷室外条件下电动汽车车厢内伯克利热感觉和舒适度模型的实验评估

IF 7.1 1区工程技术

Building and Environment Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112231

Gineesh Gopi , Woogeun Kim , Youngseok Lee , Chungwon Cho , Jung Kyung Kim

{"title":"Experimental evaluations of Berkeley thermal sensation and comfort models in electric vehicle cabin under cold outdoor conditions","authors":"Gineesh Gopi , Woogeun Kim , Youngseok Lee , Chungwon Cho , Jung Kyung Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the automobile industry is transitioning toward electric vehicles, manufacturers have started implementing local warmers alongside cabin heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems for effective thermal comfort management. However, optimal operating strategies need to be developed for integrating local warmers with HVAC systems. Although the Berkeley models comprising local/overall thermal sensation and comfort models offer insights in this regard, they lack follow-up assessments for occupants transitioning from very cold states. In this study, Berkeley models were evaluated using two sets of experimental data collected in a transient vehicle cabin under cold outdoor conditions: test (A) with cabin HVAC alone and test (B) with both HVAC and local warmers. The findings confirm the satisfactory performances of the Berkeley models for predicting overall sensation and comfort, with a maximum root mean-squared error (RMSE) of 0.15. The local comfort model performed poorly with the original coefficients across both datasets (maximum RMSE of 1.96). Therefore, the model coefficients were regressed for the dataset from test A and validated against the dataset from test B to achieve a maximum RMSE of 0.49. With these regressed coefficients, it was observed that moving toward a neutral whole-body state diminished the potential to maximize local comfort. Conversely, the local sensation model showed poor agreement (maximum RMSE of 1.9); we confirmed that accurate adaptive setpoint temperatures are a prerequisite for ensuring good predictions from the model. These findings are expected to contribute toward future efforts in using Berkeley models to formulate effective local warmer–HVAC operational strategies in electric vehicles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 112231"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0