Building and Environment最新文献_第5页

Mold severity and fungal communities in university dormitories: The role of building characteristics and living habits 大学宿舍霉菌严重程度与真菌群落：建筑特点和生活习惯的作用

IF 7.1 1区工程技术

Building and Environment Pub Date : 2025-05-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113176

Qiujia Lai , Ting Fu , Di Huang , Shan Gao , Huan Liu , Ana Sofia Guimarães , Chi Feng

{"title":"Mold severity and fungal communities in university dormitories: The role of building characteristics and living habits","authors":"Qiujia Lai , Ting Fu , Di Huang , Shan Gao , Huan Liu , Ana Sofia Guimarães , Chi Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113176","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113176","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Indoor mold exposure and its fungal communities are linked to various diseases, drawing massive attention. Epidemiological studies often assess visible mold and mold odor (mold severity) to evaluate indoor mold exposure. However, the ambiguous relationship between mold severity and fungal community complicates the understanding of mechanisms beneath mold exposure and health outcomes. This study aimed to 1) characterize the diversity and composition of mycobiomes from visible mold in living spaces and bathrooms of university dormitories; and 2) investigate the associations between mold severity, fungal community of visible mold, building characteristics (e.g., floor level, orientation), occupant features (e.g., number of occupants) and living habits (e.g., ventilation habits). Results showed that dominant genera included <em>Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Knufia</em> and <em>Neodevriesia</em>, with <em>Neodevriesia</em> being reported in bathrooms for the first time. Bathrooms exhibited a higher proportion of yeast or yeast-like fungi compared to living spaces. Additionally, variations in fungal communities were primarily shaped by building characteristics, while mold severity was mainly driven by living habits. Notably, mold severity was negatively correlated with fungal richness and diversity, and it was associated with distinct fungal community structures. This study highlights the mold issue in university dormitories and provides a foundation for future research on the mechanisms linking mold exposure to health impacts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"280 ","pages":"Article 113176"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144071026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Aligning net zero carbon-built environments with sustainable development goals: Topic modelling approach to integrating technologies and policies 使净零碳建筑环境与可持续发展目标保持一致：整合技术和政策的主题建模方法

IF 7.1 1区工程技术

Building and Environment Pub Date : 2025-05-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113156

Drisya Murali , Suresh M , Martin Hector , Raghu Raman

{"title":"Aligning net zero carbon-built environments with sustainable development goals: Topic modelling approach to integrating technologies and policies","authors":"Drisya Murali , Suresh M , Martin Hector , Raghu Raman","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113156","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113156","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Achieving net-zero carbon in the built environment is critical to global climate goals, yet aligning sector-specific strategies with broader sustainability frameworks remains underexplored. This study integrates machine learning based BERTopic modelling, PRISMA-guided systematic review, and global case studies to analyse how energy optimization, sustainable technologies, and policy frameworks align with United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) sub-targets. The five critical themes identified—energy optimization, renewable energy systems, building-integrated photovoltaics and energy storage, technological and policy strategies, and methods for achieving net-zero carbon in the built environment—demonstrate the breadth of opportunities for sustainable transitions. By using BERTopic modelling to map 3,849 publications, the study highlights alignment with SDG sub targets related to clean energy (SDG 7), sustainable urban development (SDG 11), and climate action (SDG 13), offering practical guidance for policymakers and robust tools to practitioners to accelerate the net-zero transition. The findings emphasize the critical role of the built environment’s and the urgency of integrating climate measures into governance, while scaling innovations to mitigate climate change impacts through advanced technologies, renewable energy integration, retrofitting, and strengthened policy frameworks. By addressing economic and technical barriers, improving energy storage solutions, and enhancing financial incentives, this research advances sustainable practices and supports the global transition toward net-zero carbon buildings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 113156"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144134261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Energy efficiency in educational buildings: A systematic review of smart technology integration and occupant behaviour 教育建筑的能源效率：智能技术集成和居住者行为的系统回顾

IF 7.1 1区工程技术

Building and Environment Pub Date : 2025-05-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113132

Issa Chaer, Bertug Ozarisoy, Mubarak Abdelrasoul Elnour Ismail, Sanaz Salari, Ye Zhihui

{"title":"Energy efficiency in educational buildings: A systematic review of smart technology integration and occupant behaviour","authors":"Issa Chaer, Bertug Ozarisoy, Mubarak Abdelrasoul Elnour Ismail, Sanaz Salari, Ye Zhihui","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113132","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113132","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Research on occupant behaviour is a vital component of building energy-saving studies. The use of smart technologies in buildings, particularly during occupancy hours, has a substantial impact on energy consumption. This study aims to examine energy consumption patterns across various spaces in mixed-use educational buildings and identify potential sources of energy waste through an extensive literature review. The PRISMA protocol was applied to define key terms and extract all relevant papers from the database. The review focuses on publications from 2010 to July 2024, indexed in the Web of Science database, and includes 70 selected papers. By synthesizing state-of-the-art research, this review provides an overview and practical guidelines for stakeholders and decision-makers looking to implement smart technologies. The findings indicate that environmental factors and personal factors are positively correlated when integrating smart systems, with both significantly influencing heating energy use. Among environmental factors, social environmental factors were also found to have a significant impact on energy consumption. This study highlights opportunities for the future integration of smart technologies, emphasizing their flexibility across diverse applications. The findings contribute to establishing more reliable assessment criteria for analysing occupant behaviour as part of a comprehensive energy policy framework for the education sector. The study also underscores the importance of widespread adoption of rooftop photovoltaic panels, which are critical for informing engineering design, creating evidence-based benchmarks, optimizing energy systems, and guiding policy decisions to achieve net-zero energy campuses in the UK educational sector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"280 ","pages":"Article 113132"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143935605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Managing occupancy density and ventilation strategies for mitigating airborne transmission during pandemics by using infection risk model 利用感染风险模型管理大流行期间减少空气传播的占用密度和通风策略

IF 7.1 1区工程技术

Building and Environment Pub Date : 2025-05-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113168

Pitchaporn Prapinsri , Siwaporn Boonyasuppayakorn , Saran Salakij

{"title":"Managing occupancy density and ventilation strategies for mitigating airborne transmission during pandemics by using infection risk model","authors":"Pitchaporn Prapinsri , Siwaporn Boonyasuppayakorn , Saran Salakij","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>During pandemics, the infection risk model can serve as a tool for optimizing the occupancy density, ventilation rates, and preventive measures to reduce airborne transmissions by controlling the environment reduces infection risk for occupants. This study introduces a novel model designed for real-time, iterative control of airborne transmission risk. The model uniquely integrates mask efficiency, social distancing, and dynamic ventilation, achieving a low average deviation of 10.78 % from actual airborne transmission data across 11 scenarios. Case studies of controlling COVID-19 in office, restaurant, and bar settings demonstrate the model's application in determining (a) optimal occupancy with limited ventilation and (b) ventilation rates needed for desired occupancy. With a limited ventilation rate based on ASHRAE 62.1 standards, the allowed occupancy density is much less than the designed value. Also, it is further decreased as the duration of time spent indoors increases. Wearing face masks also allows for increased occupancy density with percentage increases ranging from 51.52 % to 800.00 %. Instead of limiting the number of people in an area, to achieve the desired occupancy while maintaining an acceptable infection risk, the ventilation rates must be greatly increased up to 3904 % for non-wearing face mask cases compared with the standard ventilation rates. By wearing face masks, the required ventilation rates can be reduced by 5.67 times. Furthermore, the model shows that dynamically adjusting ventilation based on occupancy can reduce energy consumption by approximately 70 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"280 ","pages":"Article 113168"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancing building envelope performance via dynamic PCM Integration in biomaterial concrete walls: A numerical evaluation and multi-objective optimization study 生物材料混凝土墙体中动态PCM集成提高围护结构性能：数值评估和多目标优化研究

IF 7.1 1区工程技术

Building and Environment Pub Date : 2025-05-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113141

Wendong Li , Mourad Rahim , Bin Wang , Mohammed El Ganaoui , Rachid Bennacer

{"title":"Enhancing building envelope performance via dynamic PCM Integration in biomaterial concrete walls: A numerical evaluation and multi-objective optimization study","authors":"Wendong Li , Mourad Rahim , Bin Wang , Mohammed El Ganaoui , Rachid Bennacer","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113141","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113141","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phase change material (PCM) offers promising potential for enhancing the hygrothermal performance of building envelopes. This study proposes a dynamic integration method of PCM within a biomaterial-based concrete wall, aiming to optimize both thermal and moisture regulation in buildings. A numerical investigation is conducted on five wall configurations, with a focus on evaluating the dynamic PCM system. The results show the dynamic PCM wall’s superior performance, achieving temperature fluctuation reductions of 62.5 % and partial vapor pressure reductions of 63.2 % during summer, alongside significant winter improvements of 16.1 % and 6.3 %, respectively. Furthermore, a multi-objective optimization method to minimize the cost and energy consumption of the dynamic system is applied, obtaining the most balanced solution for different climate conditions, as well as demonstrating that a thinner exterior wall layer is preferred for producing lower energy consumption and wall cost. In addition, a long-term assessment further identified interstitial condensation and mold growth risks, particularly in humid climates. Overall, this work highlights the advantages of dynamically integrated PCM systems in biomaterial walls, offering a viable path toward energy-efficient and resilient building envelope designs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"280 ","pages":"Article 113141"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144068918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characterization of indoor and outdoor concentrations and local sources of black carbon in residential neighborhoods of New York State 纽约州居民区室内和室外黑碳浓度及本地来源特征

IF 7.1 1区工程技术

Building and Environment Pub Date : 2025-05-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113160

Sanchita Paul , Darvensky M. Eugene , James Nimo , Farid Barak , Md. Aynul Bari

{"title":"Characterization of indoor and outdoor concentrations and local sources of black carbon in residential neighborhoods of New York State","authors":"Sanchita Paul , Darvensky M. Eugene , James Nimo , Farid Barak , Md. Aynul Bari","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113160","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113160","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the United States, community air quality observation networks are limited in characterizing the diverse group of air pollutants e.g., black carbon that affect exposure across regional to neighborhood scales. The New York State (NYS) Capital Region is a metropolitan area (population more than 1 million inhabitants), where Albany and Saratoga counties have been experiencing declining air quality grades in the recent years. While the Hudson Valley region is an industrial hub and is known for several air quality issues e.g., residential wood smoke pollution and industrial emissions. This study aims to understand the spatiotemporal variability of climate forcing agents such as black carbon in residential neighborhoods in NYS Capital Region and Hudson Valley Region. The study used relatively low-cost technologies to measure indoor and outdoor concentrations of black carbon, in at least 60 homes during the winter and spring seasons over the period November 2021-May 2023. Data on meteorological parameters e.g., outdoor wind speed and wind direction, relative humidity, temperature, as well as questionnaire-based housing characteristics, and daily activities were also collected for each home. Results showed significantly higher black carbon concentrations outdoors (backyards) than indoors (living room), suggesting an influence of potential local sources. Significant variations in indoor concentrations were also observed among neighborhoods depending on the location of homes. The findings of this study can provide an improved understanding of community-specific air quality problems, raise awareness and empower communities to take actions and/or inform policy makers to improve indoor and outdoor air quality across residential neighborhoods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"280 ","pages":"Article 113160"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144088975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Large-eddy simulation of a diurnal cycle in a coastal urban environment 沿海城市环境日循环的大涡模拟

IF 7.1 1区工程技术

Building and Environment Pub Date : 2025-05-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.112999

Sam Owens , Owen Beckett , Andy Acred , Maarten van Reeuwijk

{"title":"Large-eddy simulation of a diurnal cycle in a coastal urban environment","authors":"Sam Owens , Owen Beckett , Andy Acred , Maarten van Reeuwijk","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.112999","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.112999","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The building-resolving large-eddy simulation (LES) model uDALES, which is equipped with a two-way coupled surface energy balance (SEB) scheme, is used to simulate airflow and heat transfer in an urban environment over a diurnal cycle. The case study is based on a realistic masterplan, consisting of a set of buildings with underlying topography situated by the coast in a hot, arid climate. Motivated by how the built environment might influence thermal comfort in such conditions, the aim of this study is to understand the development of the urban microclimate in terms of the surface heat exchanges, atmospheric flow, and mean radiant temperature (MRT), in particular relative to that of the surrounding terrain. The bulk thermal response is investigated by aggregating SEB fluxes and quantifying the hysteresis of the heat storage, which shows that while the surface temperature is primarily driven by radiation, thermal inertia is also an important factor later in the daytime. The variation in the SEB across the environment is analysed in terms of the various surface types, and it is shown that the built environment exhibits a lower temperature than the surrounding terrain. Analysis of the pedestrian-level air temperatures indicates that that wind speed and direction is a crucial factor, with the highest temperatures observed in locations that do not necessarily have a high surface temperature or sensible heat flux. This discussion is supported by analysing the thermal plume resulting from the surface in terms of vertical profiles of wind speed, air temperature, and sensible heat flux.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 112999"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144098829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comprehensive carbon cost of building projects: Optimization and relationship 建筑项目综合碳成本：优化与关系

IF 7.1 1区工程技术

Building and Environment Pub Date : 2025-05-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113157

Kun Lu , Xueyuan Deng

{"title":"Comprehensive carbon cost of building projects: Optimization and relationship","authors":"Kun Lu , Xueyuan Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113157","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113157","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Balancing carbon emissions with economic costs poses a vital challenge in net-zero carbon buildings. However, due to the single application of carbon cost theories, it is difficult to address this question fully. Therefore, this study proposes a new concept of comprehensive carbon cost (CCC) for construction projects by combining the carbon damage cost (CDC), carbon abatement cost (CAC), and carbon policy cost (CPC). Using an improved material flow cost accounting (MFCA) framework, this study develops a CCC calculation model and take the change of life cycle CCC as the objective function for solution selection. A public building is selected as a case study for statistical analysis to validate the proposed model. In this case, the heat transfer coefficient (U-value) of building envelopes can achieve the CCC optimization through a quadratic function within a reasonable range, while undue U-value may lead to an exponential increase in CCC. In addition, this result explains the interrelationship between carbon costs, pointing out that low-carbon measures can reduce all carbon costs in most situations, while various carbon costs show a negative correlation on the Pareto optimal front. This research thus optimizes carbon costs and elucidates their interactions, guiding low-carbon building design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"280 ","pages":"Article 113157"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144088977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Revisiting the Wells-Riley airborne infection model: A critical analysis of its use and misuse 重新审视威尔斯-莱利空气传播模型：对其使用和误用的批判性分析

IF 7.1 1区工程技术

Building and Environment Pub Date : 2025-05-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113136

Ali Asghar Sedighi , Edward A. Nardell , Fuzhan Nasiri , Fariborz Haghighat

{"title":"Revisiting the Wells-Riley airborne infection model: A critical analysis of its use and misuse","authors":"Ali Asghar Sedighi , Edward A. Nardell , Fuzhan Nasiri , Fariborz Haghighat","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113136","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113136","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Both probabilistic and deterministic models for prediction of infection transmission risk are potentially useful in understanding and controlling airborne infection transmission. The Wells-Riley model, developed by Edward Riley and colleagues, estimates infection transmission risk using the concept of quantum/quanta, proposed by Wells to circumvent the unknown factor of infectious dose. This model has been extensively used by researchers in recent years, and some have attempted to modify it to overcome its limitations and expand its applications. In some cases, however, researchers have misunderstood the concept of quanta and the mathematical requirements of the Wells-Riley model, leading to inappropriate uses and flawed modifications.</div><div>A <em>quantum</em> is defined as the unknown average number of infectious particles required to initiate an infection in a susceptible host. Although a quantum of infection can be one or more infectious particles, Wells clearly understood that inhaled infectious particles normally cause infection <em>as if by</em> a single particle that reaches its target and overcomes host defenses.</div><div>Since infection occurs <em>as if by</em> just one of an unknown number of infectious particles, integer values are used to count the number of quanta. This enabled Riley to derive the Wells-Riley model equation from a discrete probability distribution, representing the likelihood of inhaling at least one quantum. Revisiting these definitions in greater detail in this study enables an examination of the limitations of studies that have used or modified this model and provides valuable insights for future research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"280 ","pages":"Article 113136"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144071023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An interpretable spatially weighted machine learning approach for revealing spatial nonstationarity impacts of the built environment on air pollution

IF 7.1 1区工程技术

Building and Environment Pub Date : 2025-05-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113150

Shumin Wang , Mingxing Hu , Jianyu Li , Guoao Liu , Wanqi Hu , Junheng Qi , Jingyue Huang , Ziye Liu , Hui Wang , Bing Han

{"title":"An interpretable spatially weighted machine learning approach for revealing spatial nonstationarity impacts of the built environment on air pollution","authors":"Shumin Wang , Mingxing Hu , Jianyu Li , Guoao Liu , Wanqi Hu , Junheng Qi , Jingyue Huang , Ziye Liu , Hui Wang , Bing Han","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113150","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.113150","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With urbanization acceleration, air pollution has become increasingly severe, and the built environment plays a crucial role in pollutant dispersion and accumulation. In this study, the central urban area of Nanjing is analysed in a case study, focusing on the plot scale to systematically explore spatial heterogeneity and nonlinear interactive mechanisms of built environment impacts. To accurately capture the complex spatial nonstationarity effects of the built environment on air pollution, a geographically weighted machine learning (GeoML) approach driven by an adjacency-based spatial mechanism integrated with the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) framework for interpretability is established. The findings reveal that the GeoML model outperforms other models (the ordinary least squares (OLS), random forest (RF), geographically weighted regression (GWR), and geographically weighted random forest (GWRF) models), with an R² value of 0.74, effectively capturing spatial heterogeneity and nonlinearity. Further analysis reveals significant variations in the impact of spatial weighting on the contributions of different feature variables: the explanatory power of most variables increases with the inclusion of spatial effects, whereas the contributions of variables such as population density, road network density, and parcel compactness are reduced. The SHAP framework is employed to provide interpretable analysis of the patterns in the impacts of various feature variables on air pollution. This study emphasizes the importance of spatial effects at the microscale plot level in understanding the mechanisms of air pollution and highlights their importance for developing urban environmental policies, thus promoting the transformation of air pollution control towards spatially refined management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9273,"journal":{"name":"Building and Environment","volume":"280 ","pages":"Article 113150"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143943367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0