Intellectual history of the Islamicate world最新文献_第4页

The Term ʿiwaḍ (“Compensation”) and Its Meaning in Sefer ha-Maslul and in the Works of Rabbinic and Arab Grammarians “补偿”一词及其在Sefer ha-Maslul和拉比和阿拉伯语法学家著作中的意义

Intellectual history of the Islamicate world Pub Date : 2020-05-28 DOI: 10.1163/2212943x-20201016

Ali Watad

{"title":"The Term ʿiwaḍ (“Compensation”) and Its Meaning in Sefer ha-Maslul and in the Works of Rabbinic and Arab Grammarians","authors":"Ali Watad","doi":"10.1163/2212943x-20201016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/2212943x-20201016","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Sefer ha-Maslul (“Book of the Path”) is a Hebrew grammar book in the Samaritan tradition. The book, known in Arabic as Kitāb al-Tawṭiya (“Book of Introduction”), was composed in that language during the first half of the twelfth century and is the earliest and only known surviving Samaritan grammatical work. It was first published by Zeʾev Ben-Haim in his monumental book, The Literary and Oral Tradition of Hebrew and Aramaic amongst the Samaritans. Grammatical terminology is key to understanding the theory of a grammarian. One can obtain such understanding by tracking a term throughout a work, examining how it is used and whether its usage is consistent. The term ʿiwaḍ (“compensation”) is a central one in Sefer ha-Maslul. In this article I will examine the outlook of its author, the grammarian Abū Isḥāq b. Mārūṯ, as well as the term ʿiwaḍ and its usages. Sefer ha-Maslul was written following the emergence of scientific grammar among Rabbinic, Arab, and Karaite grammarians. Accordingly, I will compare its author’s approach with those of Judah ben David Ḥayyūǧ (a Rabbanite), Ibn Ǧinnī (a Muslim) and Abū l-Farāǧ Hārūn (a Karaite).","PeriodicalId":92649,"journal":{"name":"Intellectual history of the Islamicate world","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86746709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Les emplois linguistiques et culturels derrière les textes aljamiados aljamiados文本背后的语言和文化用途

Intellectual history of the Islamicate world Pub Date : 2020-01-20 DOI: 10.1163/2212943x-00702013

Nuria de Castilla

{"title":"Les emplois linguistiques et culturels derrière les textes aljamiados","authors":"Nuria de Castilla","doi":"10.1163/2212943x-00702013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/2212943x-00702013","url":null,"abstract":"Les manuscrits complets produits, copiés et/ou transmis par les Mudéjares et les Morisques, de même que les fragments et documents qui ont été employés dans les ais de reliures qui leur ont appartenu, constituent des témoins uniques pour nous permettre d’étudier l’ample éventail linguistique et culturel de ces communautés1. Nous possédons une vingtaine de documents et environ deux cents manuscrits écrits principalement sur du papier, mais également sur du parchemin; il existe des copies de grand format et d’autres très petites, des livres très volumineux et des documents d’un seul feuillet ; ils peuvent être en une seule langue ou dans plusieurs – principalement arabe et castillan (dans différents stades linguistiques), mais aussi catalan et latin, les uns et les autres transcrits dans trois alphabets différents : arabe, latin et hébreu2. Pour bien comprendre cette production écrite, il faudrait prendre en compte les facteurs qui régissent tout acte de communication : émetteur, destinataire, voie, code,message et contexte. Pour parler de la littératuremorisco-aljamiado, cette façon de procéder a été simplifiée et on a tendu à identifier le «code» employé par les Mudéjares et les Morisques avec le castillan en caractères arabes en oubliant les autres composants de la transmission. Cette absence de répertoire de données objectives et d’analyse linguistique en relation avec le contexte nous offre des résultats qui peuvent conduire à des erreurs3. Seule une perspective plus large, mettant en rapport la langue","PeriodicalId":92649,"journal":{"name":"Intellectual history of the Islamicate world","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76047276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

La polemica tra sunniti e ismāʿīliti, by Corrado La Martire 逊尼派之间的争论和ismāʿī,由Corrado烈士争吵

Intellectual history of the Islamicate world Pub Date : 2019-09-30 DOI: 10.1163/2212943x-00801114

R. Tottoli

引用次数: 0

Some Remarks on the Use of Garšūnī and Other Allographic Writing Systems by the Melkites Melkites使用Garšūnī和其他异位文字系统的一些评论

Intellectual history of the Islamicate world Pub Date : 2019-07-10 DOI: 10.1163/2212943X-00702004

Johannes Pahlitzsch

{"title":"Some Remarks on the Use of Garšūnī and Other Allographic Writing Systems by the Melkites","authors":"Johannes Pahlitzsch","doi":"10.1163/2212943X-00702004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/2212943X-00702004","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The aim of this paper is to address the question to what extent and for what reasons the Melkites, especially of Southern Syria and Egypt, resorted to allographic writing systems, of which garšūnī, the writing of Arabic with Syriac letters, was only one mode. Indeed, various languages such as Greek, Arabic, Syriac and Christian Palestinian Aramaic (CPA) coexisted in the Melkite community, which is characterized by its linguistic diversity. Melkite garšūnī texts can be dated to between the 11th and the late 13th centuries. While the Melkites were not the first to use garšūnī, this mode of writing was in this period far more widespread among them than in the other oriental Christian communities and not limited to notes and colophons, also including liturgical texts and probably a poem on the Mamluk conquest of Tripoli. Other allographic writing systems were also used by the Melkites, such as writing Arabic in Greek characters, Greek in CPA script or Greek in Syriac script. Consequently a rich, very versatile corpus of allographic writing modes was employed by the Melkites between the 9th and 13th centuries for different kinds of texts. Thus the idea that the use of a specific allographic mode can be attributed to the desire to express a sense of group identity or to the reverence for a specific sacred language seems not generally applicable for the Melkites. At different times and places various Melkite groups had different preferences, because there was no single Melkite prestige language. Therefore it is necessary to establish for each case the respective reasons for the application of a certain allographic writing system.","PeriodicalId":92649,"journal":{"name":"Intellectual history of the Islamicate world","volume":"123 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72999499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Syro-Turkic Poem on Divine Economy Ascribed to Khāmīs 一首关于神圣经济的叙利亚-突厥诗归于Khāmīs

Intellectual history of the Islamicate world Pub Date : 2019-07-10 DOI: 10.1163/2212943x-00702005

Anton D. Pritula, P. Zieme

{"title":"A Syro-Turkic Poem on Divine Economy Ascribed to Khāmīs","authors":"Anton D. Pritula, P. Zieme","doi":"10.1163/2212943x-00702005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/2212943x-00702005","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The text being discussed is found in many manuscripts of the Divan (collection of poems) of an East Syriac poet Khāmīs bar Qardāḥē (late 13th century). The edition demonstrates the discrepancies in rendering glosses in the Turkish stanzas, in contrast to a relative unity of readings in the Syriac ones. To explain these discrepancies, the following pages discuss the lack of consistency in the Turkic Garshuni tradition. In addition, the poem is one of the earliest texts of this group. It should be dated to the period close to the life of Khāmīs, but was not necessarily composed by this poet, since it is absent from the earliest surviving copies. All the Syriac stanzas use quatrains in a 7-7-8-8 meter. Each of them has its own internal rhyme that follows a constant scheme, i.e. in every first, second and and fourth lines of each verse (ааха). In the Turkic stanzas, the verses have an irregular meter that varies from eight to ten syllables. In the Turkic translation of the Syriac original, one finds many syriacisms, such as bar Maryam (the Son of Mary), a stable combination used in the texts. Such a broad use of borrowings, both in vocabulary and syntax, is common for translated religious texts, especially liturgical ones, in which the proximity to the original might have a great importance.","PeriodicalId":92649,"journal":{"name":"Intellectual history of the Islamicate world","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77934909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Script-switching between Hebrew and Arabic Scripts in Documents from the Cairo Genizah 开罗《创世纪》文档中希伯来语和阿拉伯语文字的切换

Intellectual history of the Islamicate world Pub Date : 2019-07-10 DOI: 10.1163/2212943X-00702007

E. Wagner

引用次数: 1

Characteristics of Some Turkic Garshuni Texts Preserved in an 18th Century Chaldean Prayer Book 一本18世纪迦勒底祈祷书中保存的一些突厥语加舒尼语文本的特征

Intellectual history of the Islamicate world Pub Date : 2019-07-10 DOI: 10.1163/2212943X-00702002

Jonas Karlsson

引用次数: 0

A Functional Approach to Garshunography garshuography的功能方法

Intellectual history of the Islamicate world Pub Date : 2019-07-10 DOI: 10.1163/2212943X-00702003

G. Kiraz

引用次数: 1

Dual Script Mixed Code Literary Sources from the Cairo Genizah 开罗《创世纪》的双文字混合代码文学来源

Intellectual history of the Islamicate world Pub Date : 2019-07-10 DOI: 10.1163/2212943X-00702006

M. Polliack

{"title":"Dual Script Mixed Code Literary Sources from the Cairo Genizah","authors":"M. Polliack","doi":"10.1163/2212943X-00702006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/2212943X-00702006","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article complements my article on “Single-Script Mixed-Code Literary Sources from the Cairo Genizah” (2018). It begins with introductory comments on the phenomenon of mixed code in Judeo-Arabic, as a continuously spoken and written Jewish language from medieval to modern times. While the documentary sources in the Cairo Genizah (a Jewish medieval archive found in the loft of the Ben Ezra Synagogue in Cairo) have drawn scholars’ attention to this phenomenon, there are few discussions of code switching in dual script Judeo-Arabic literary sources. The article presents and discusses two Genizah sources of this kind (as well as one new documentary source), which feature both Hebrew and Arabic scripts in the space of the same fragment. It argues that the haphazard appearance of code switching in such fragments is misleading. The analysis shows there are specific conditions that govern the mixing of Hebrew and Arabic scripts, and highlights its sociolinguistic background. Code switching is a dominant feature of single script Judeo-Arabic literary sources as well, meaning, those penned solely in Hebrew or Arabic script, which lie beyond the scope of the present study. A systematic survey and study of the Genizah literary sources relevant to both categories (single and dual scripts) is therefore a desideratum, and is bound to lead to a better understanding of the sociolinguistic functions of mixed code in Judeo-Arabic writings and culture.","PeriodicalId":92649,"journal":{"name":"Intellectual history of the Islamicate world","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89790846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ludovico Marracci at work: The evolution of his Latin translation of the Qurʾān in the light of his newly discovered manuscripts. With an edition and a comparative linguistic analysis of Sura 18, by Reinhold F. Glei & Roberto Tottoli Ludovico Marracci在工作:根据他新发现的手稿，他的古兰经拉丁文翻译ān的演变。莱因霍尔德·f·格莱和罗伯托·托托利对《古兰经》第18章进行了版本和比较语言学分析

Intellectual history of the Islamicate world Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1163/2212943X-00701010

K. Starczewska

引用次数: 0