British Journal of Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Effect of a health belief model-based nutrition education intervention on dietary diversity among adults on antiretroviral treatment in Ilu Abbabor Zone, Southwestern Ethiopia.","authors":"Ebissa Gemechu, Tefera Lemma, Kalkidan Abate","doi":"10.1017/S0007114526108666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114526108666","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Poor nutrition and HIV disease progression form a vicious cycle. Nutrition education interventions based on behavioural theories may improve dietary practices among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). This study examined the effects of a Health Belief Model (HBM)-based nutrition education intervention on dietary diversity practices among adults on antiretroviral treatment (ART) in the Ilu Abbabor Zone, southwestern Ethiopia. A facility-based quasi-experimental study with a control group was conducted from September 2019 to May 2020. A total of 384 adult PLWHA (192 intervention, 192 control) were recruited from six health facilities selected by simple random sampling. The intervention group received HBM-based nutrition education every 15 days for 4 months (8 sessions total), while the control group received standard education at baseline only. Dietary diversity was assessed using the FAO/FANTA Individual Dietary Diversity Score (IDDS). Difference-in-differences (DID) regression estimated the intervention effect while controlling for baseline demographic differences. At baseline, good dietary diversity was similar between groups (37·5 % <i>v</i>. 39 %, <i>P</i> = 0·375). After the intervention, good dietary diversity increased to 66 % in the intervention group <i>v</i>. 53 % in the control group (<i>P</i> = 0·004). The DID estimate was 9 % (95 % CI: 0·05 to 0·13; <i>β</i> = 0·09; <i>P</i> < 0·001), indicating a significant intervention effect. All HBM constructs except perceived self-efficacy showed significant correlations with dietary diversity practices, with perceived barriers negatively correlated. HBM-based nutrition education significantly improved dietary diversity among adults on ART. Incorporating behavioural models such as HBM into routine nutritional counselling may strengthen HIV care and support nutritional science-informed practice in resource-limited settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":9257,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149164706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy has no impact on postpartum transient longitudinal changes in hip geometry in adolescent mothers: a secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial - CORRIGENDUM.","authors":"Verônica Rached, Maria Eduarda L Diogenes, Marise Crivelli, Carmen M Donangelo, Flávia F Bezerra","doi":"10.1017/S0007114526108502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114526108502","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9257,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149104369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary inner bran fraction of rice attenuates skeletal muscle proteolysis in rats: insights from plasma metabolomic profiling.","authors":"Miyu Kamimura, Saki Shimamoto, Kohta Hirao, Ayumi Katafuchi, Shozo Tomonaga, Mana Kawaguchi, Kiriko Nakamura, Yoko Yamauchi, Yoshikazu Fujita, Akira Ohtsuka, Daichi Ijiri","doi":"10.1017/S0007114526108216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114526108216","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of the consumption of the inner bran fraction of rice (IBFR) on the skeletal muscle of rats. Although the IBFR-containing diet did not affect the growth of the rats, it increased soleus muscle weight by suppressing skeletal muscle proteolysis along with reduced <i>muscle atrophy F-box</i> (<i>Atrogin-1/MAFbx</i>) mRNA expression. Next, to ascertain whether the anti-proteolytic effects of IBFR on skeletal muscle derive from hydrophilic or hydrophobic components, the effects of consuming either aqueous or hexane extracts (HE) of the IBFR were investigated in rats fed a protein-deficient (PD) diet. Feeding the rats the PD diet reduced skeletal muscle weight and increased muscle protein degradation and the mRNA expression of <i>Atrogin-1/MAFbx</i> and <i>forkhead boxO 1 (FoxO1</i>) in the soleus muscle. However, feeding rats the aqueous extract (AE) alleviated the PD diet-induced protein degradation, whereas supplementation with the HE had no effect. A plasma metabolomic analysis showed that AE supplementation ameliorated the metabolic disturbances caused by the PD diet, with partial restoration of the levels of glutathione- and polyamine-related metabolites that may have contributed to the reduction in skeletal muscle proteolysis. A peptidomic analysis indicated that AE contained peptides with the potential to exert these beneficial effects. These results suggest that hydrophilic compounds in IBFR reduced the mRNA expression of <i>Atrogin-1/MAFbx</i> and <i>FoxO1</i>, potentially through modulation of glutathione and polyamine metabolism, causing a reduction in muscle protein degradation in rat skeletal muscle. In addition, AE-derived peptides may partially contribute to these effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":9257,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149073631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of a Mediterranean diet and physical activity intervention on the gut microbiome and faecal metabolites: findings from the MedEx-UK randomised controlled trial.","authors":"Oliver Michael Shannon, Lauren Beck, Cecilia Castro, Amy Jennings, Rachel Gillings, Vivian Y Lee, Richard Elsworthy, Melanie Gulston, Tatiana Langerova, Catherine Boldurat, Areesha Nazeer, Wendy Hardeman, Sarah Hanson, Andrew Nelson, Mario Siervo, Sarah Aldred, Bernadette White, Konstantinos Gerasimidis, Julian Griffin, Anne Minihane, Christopher Stewart, John Mathers","doi":"10.1017/S0007114526108551","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0007114526108551","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diet and physical activity (PA) are potential modulators of the gut microbiome, although research findings are inconsistent, and few studies have explored their combined effects. This study used data from ninety-three participants (forty-seven with pre- and post-intervention samples) from the MedEx-UK randomised controlled trial to investigate the impact of a 24-week Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) intervention, alone or with a PA intervention, on gut microbiome composition and faecal metabolites. Faecal samples were collected pre- and post-intervention from participants in each of three treatment groups: habitual lifestyle (control), MedDiet or MedDiet plus PA. Gut microbiome profiles were generated using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Faecal SCFA, NMR-derived metabolites and bile acids were quantified. MedDiet scores were significantly increased in both intervention groups <i>v</i>. control (<i>p</i> < 0·001). PA levels did not differ significantly between groups (<i>p</i> = 0·17). There were no significant intervention effects on change in <i>α</i> diversity (Shannon index, <i>p</i> = 0·185), endpoint microbial community composition (<i>p</i> = 0·487), bacterial relative abundance (all <i>p</i> > 0·05), NMR metabolite profiles (<i>p</i> = 0·280), bile acid profiles (<i>p</i> = 0·677) or SCFA concentrations (all <i>p</i> > 0·05). Level of adherence to the MedDiet and specific MedDiet components also showed no associations with microbiome/metabolome datasets. In conclusion, we did not find any effect of a MedDiet intervention alone, or alongside a PA intervention, on the gut microbiome or faecal metabolites. This may be due to methodological factors including the heterogeneity of individual dietary changes in this personalised intervention, causing large inter-individual differences in microbiome responses relative to the overall mean effect of the interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9257,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149073601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of nutritional support on clinical disease progress and malnutrition in inflammatory bowel patients.","authors":"Kübra Derya İpek, Hande Öngün Yılmaz","doi":"10.1017/S0007114526108472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114526108472","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at continuous risk of malnutrition, which significantly impacts their prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a high-protein diet (HPD) and a high-protein enteral-supplemented diet on disease severity and nutritional status in IBD patients. Forty-eight IBD patients with malnutrition (18-64 years) were assigned to a HPD (<i>n</i> 24) or a high-protein enteral-supplemented diet (<i>n</i> 24) for 12 weeks. Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS-2002), disease activity (CDAI/Mayo) and anthropometric parameters were evaluated at baseline, week 6 and week 12. In the overall study population, significant differences were found between baseline NRS-2002 and disease severity scores (<i>p</i> < 0·001). Across all study participants, the prevalence of severe malnutrition decreased from 79·2 % to 45·8 %, and all scale scores declined by the end of the study. In the HPD group, NRS decreased from 2·75 (sd 0·79) to 2·17 (sd 0·48) and in the enteral-supplemented group from 3·38 (sd 0·58) to 2·92 (sd 0·72) (<i>p</i> < 0·001). Both groups gained weight, with greater increase in the enteral-supplemented group (6·24 (sd 1·70) kg <i>v</i>. 3·55 (sd 1·72) kg, <i>p</i> < 0·001). Planned dietary interventions were found to have a positive impact on both disease progression and malnutrition. When high-protein content is supported by enteral products, dietary therapy may be more effective.</p>","PeriodicalId":9257,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149073642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of eating behaviour with diet, body weight and psychological symptoms in pregnant women with overweight or obesity.","authors":"Elisa Liimatainen, Lotta Saros, Tero Vahlberg, Leila Karhunen, Kirsi Laitinen","doi":"10.1017/S0007114526108319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114526108319","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Eating behaviour may represent an important factor linking an unhealthy dietary intake and psychological symptoms to weight gain, but the phenomenon mediating this link during pregnancy has not been elucidated. Here, we differentiated eating behaviour profiles during pregnancy using the eating behaviour dimensions of the 18-item Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ-R18), cognitive restraint (CR), uncontrolled eating (UE) and emotional eating (EE) and investigated their associations with dietary intake, gestational weight gain, body composition and the level of depressive and anxiety symptoms. Furthermore, pregnant women with overweight or obesity (<i>n</i> 434) completed three-day food diaries, the Index of Diet Quality questionnaire, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and the anxiety subscale of the Symptom Checklist-90 in early and late pregnancy. Body composition was measured by air displacement plethysmography in early and late pregnancy. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to ensure the factor validity of the TFEQ-R18. Four distinct eating behaviour profiles were identified: Struggling (high CR), Susceptible (high EE), Rational (high CR, low UE and EE) and Easy-going (low CR, UE and EE). The women in the Susceptible group followed an unhealthier dietary pattern and had the highest fat mass and level of depressive and anxiety symptoms although their EE decreased the most during pregnancy. The findings imply that the Susceptible group appears especially predisposed to unfavourable health risks regarding diet, adiposity and psychological well-being. In health clinics, it might be beneficial to recognise those women with the highest likelihood of experiencing eating behaviour challenges in achieving dietary and weight management goals.</p>","PeriodicalId":9257,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149073584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adolescent-reported household food security and dietary diversity with associative factors before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional survey with follow-up in Nagcarlan, Laguna Province, Philippines.","authors":"Lowela P Mughal, Angelina dR Felix, Corazon Veron Cruz Barba, Edith J M Feskens, Alida Melse-Boonstra","doi":"10.1017/S0007114526108265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114526108265","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Food security (FS) has rarely been studied from the adolescent's perspective. This paper describes FS, dietary diversity scores (DDS) and their predictors among Filipino boys and girls (aged 10-16 years) living in rural areas of the municipality of Nagcarlan, Laguna Province. Dietary intake (24-h recall) and other data were collected from adolescents and their caregivers before (T1: October-December 2019; <i>N</i> 285) and during (T2: August-October 2020; <i>N</i> 152) the COVID-19 community quarantine and analysed using multivariable Poisson regression. Perceived household FS by the adolescents increased from 34·7 % (T1) to 46·4 % (T2). At both timepoints, being a girl predicted better FS, whereas mental health problems were inversely related. At T2, mobility restrictions impacted FS negatively, whereas engagement in both food barter and edible gardening showed better FS. Dietary diversity improved from T1 to T2 (median DDS at T1:3, DDS > 5:23·2 %; and at T2:4; 26·4 %). Either number of siblings (T1) or household size (T2) was inversely related to DDS. At T1, better education of the household head and having a household member working overseas predicted better DDS, whereas at T2, mobility restrictions and belonging to the highest wealth tertile showed inverse associations. We conclude that FS and dietary diversity of Filipino adolescents in rural Nagcarlan did not deteriorate during the first months of COVID-19 community quarantine. Whereas mobility restrictions affected both FS and DDS negatively, food barter and edible gardening showed to be successful coping mechanisms. Further investigation should clarify the inverse relationship between wealth index and DDS and the role of food aid during the pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":9257,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149069147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating a role for sweet taste in reducing free sugar intakes: results of a pilot randomised controlled trial.","authors":"Katherine M Appleton, Aleksandra D Bielat, Danielle J Guy, Lucy R Boxall, Neshat Karami","doi":"10.1017/S0007114526108307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114526108307","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Public health agencies currently recommend reducing free sugar intakes for health benefit. The role for sweet taste in reducing free sugar intakes, however, is controversial. Prior to undertaking a larger trial to investigate likely benefits or detriments to consuming sweet taste while aiming to reduce free sugar intakes, this pilot study tested all methods and processes. Using a randomised controlled trial design, 72 adults (52 female, mean (sd) age: 42·3 (14·4) years, mean (sd) BMI: 27·2 (5·1) kg/m²) were asked to reduce their free sugar intakes by substituting usual high-free-sugar foods/beverages with low-free-sugar foods/beverages with: (1) a sweet taste (Group <i>Sweet Taste</i>, <i>N</i> 24); (2) a non-sweet taste (Group <i>Taste, N</i> 24); or (3) no/neutral taste (Group <i>No Taste, N</i> 24). Interventions were given at a single timepoint via an information booklet. Effects were assessed on free sugar intakes, dietary, anthropometric, taste-based, and attitudinal outcomes and participant perceptions, over the following 4 (and 12) weeks. Free sugar intakes, as a percentage of total energy intake (%TEI), reduced by 2·6-3·6 %TEI in all three groups, with changes also reported in other dietary, taste-based and attitudinal outcomes. Differing advantages and disadvantages to the information provided were also offered by participants. Our findings demonstrate benefit from dietary recommendations for reducing free sugar intakes, but further work is needed to investigate the advice provided to aid with this, in larger samples and over longer time frames. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT05684757, date: 03.01.2023.</p>","PeriodicalId":9257,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149036320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary intake and eating habits in relation to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a case-control study.","authors":"Aziz Kılınç, Yasemin Akdevelioğlu","doi":"10.1017/S0007114526108447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114526108447","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nutrition is an important modifiable factor in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD); however, the role of dietary intake and eating habits in its pathogenesis remains unclear. This case-control study aimed to investigate the associations of dietary intake and eating habits with MASLD. A total of 111 individuals (fifty-six cases and fifty-five controls), aged 18-65 years, who attended a diet clinic between March and July 2021 were included. Food frequency data, 3-d dietary records, anthropometric measurements and body composition analyses were obtained. Compared with controls, cases had lower rates of regular breakfast consumption and olive oil use and more frequent use of frying and roasting cooking methods (<i>P</i> < 0·05). The case group also had lower Ca intake, lower proportions of energy from fat, MUFA and PUFA, and higher total energy intake, carbohydrate intake and <i>n</i>-6/<i>n</i>-3 ratio (<i>P</i> < 0·05). After adjustment for age, sex and daily energy intake, lower intake of protein (<1 g/kg/d; OR: 5·70, 95 % CI: 1·46-22·17), fish (<1 serving/week; OR: 4·51, 95 % CI: 1·45-14·05), legumes (<2 servings/week; OR: 6·03, 95 % CI: 1·96-18·56) and fruit (<2 servings/d; OR: 6·20, 95 % CI: 2·02-18·98) was associated with higher odds of MASLD. In the model additionally adjusted for BMI, associations for fish, legumes and fruit remained significant, whereas the association with protein intake was attenuated. These findings suggest that specific dietary components are associated with MASLD. However, due to the cross-sectional design of the study, causal inferences cannot be made.</p>","PeriodicalId":9257,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149036634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a low-glycaemic, moderately carbohydrate-restricted diet on hepatic lipid content and insulin sensitivity in adolescents with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: protocol of a 6-month family-based, randomised controlled trial - CORRIGENDUM.","authors":"Carly Drake, Barbara A Gower, Ambika Ashraf, Jessica Alvarez, Mark Bolding, Fernando Bril, Yenni Cedillo, Alexandria Luzuriaga-McPherson, Rebecca Hanson, Amy Miskimon Goss","doi":"10.1017/S000711452610840X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S000711452610840X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9257,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149036547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}