British journal of medicine and medical research最新文献

{"title":"Photoplethysmogram Technique to Characterize the Carotid-to-toe Pulse Duration during Different Human-postures","authors":"S. Abdalla, N. Al-Aama","doi":"10.9734/BJMMR/2017/30470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BJMMR/2017/30470","url":null,"abstract":"Photoplethysmogram, including Pulse Transit Time (PTT), technique were used to detect blood volume changes in human carotid-to-toe. The main problem is how to evaluate the PTT values continuously from the subject with accurate readings. Monitoring PTT values of a person is useful in non-invasive, cuff-less estimation of blood pressure measurement. In this study, PTT values of 12 healthy subjects (8 males and 4 females) age 23.8 ± 1.5 years have been estimated using an auto-regressive with exogenous input (ARX) model. We presented autoregressive model for single variant and multi-variant model, using time series model, taken into account exogenous variables, a locally constant autoregressive model, and a radial basis function autoregressive model. We implemented the time domain system identification using an autoregressive with exogenous input (ARX) model. PTT values were estimated for all subjects in three different positions; sit, stand and supine. Results show that the PTT in sit and stand positions are statistically no different (84.5±19.6 ms versus 78±15.9 ms, p = 0.44). However, the PTT in the supine position is significantly higher than the two other positions (145.7±18.4 ms versus 84.5±19.6 ms and 145.7±18.4 ms versus 78±15.9 ms respectively, p < 0.01 for both situations). These results concur with values reported by other researchers (120 ms < PTT < 180 ms) on the effect of posture in estimating PTT.","PeriodicalId":9249,"journal":{"name":"British journal of medicine and medical research","volume":"13 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90328462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salivary biomarkers to monitor osteopenia and stress levels in breast cancer survivors","authors":"Xun Xiao, M. W. Yip, W. Loo, L. Hao, L. Chow, E. F. Lie, C. Chow, Min Wang","doi":"10.9734/BJMMR/2017/30663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BJMMR/2017/30663","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: The aim of this study is to assess salivary biomarkers, i.e. cortisol, calcium, phosphate, osteocalcin, vitamin D and estradiol levels, to monitor osteopenia and stress levels in post-treatment breast cancer patients. Methods: The salivary biomarkers of forty-five female breast cancer survivors aged between 30 to 48 years were compared against twenty-eight disease-free, healthy female subjects, which act as the reference values in our study. Saliva collection was done by resting/drooling collection method (minimal oral movements). The independent unpaired t-test was used to compare the differences between the parameters of control group and patient group. Results: The salivary flow rate and the amount of saliva were not significantly different between both groups. The concentration of salivary cortisol in breast cancer survivors was significantly higher compared to healthy controls ( P <0.01). The mean concentrations of salivary calcium ( P <0.01), phosphate ( P <0.05), osteocalcin ( P <0.001), vitamin D ( P <0.001) and estradiol ( P <0.05) in the breast cancer survivor group were significantly lower than those in the control group. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the measurement of salivary biomarkers can be considered as a useful method to monitor osteopenia and stress levels in breast cancer survivors.","PeriodicalId":9249,"journal":{"name":"British journal of medicine and medical research","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89898203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hand Injuries in a Suburban Hospital Bayelsa State Nigeria","authors":"Tabowei I. Benjamin, A. Ejike","doi":"10.9734/BJMMR/2017/30731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BJMMR/2017/30731","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: To determine the etiology and pattern of presentation of patient with hand injury in a semi-urban center in Permission for this study was obtained from the ethical committee of the Niger Delta University Teaching Hospital. Results: The highest incidence, 56 (36.6%) of hand injuries occurred in the 20 to 30 age range. Majority 48(31.37%) of the patients were students. Road traffic accident (RTA), 37(24.18%) was the commonest cause of hand injuries and this was statistically significant [ χ 2 (p-value) = 120.77 (0.001)]. The most common injury to hand was laceration 57 (37.25%). Pain, swelling, limitation of movement and infection to the traumatized hand were the common presentations respectively, 153 (100.0%); 120 (78.4%), 80 (52.29%) and 56 (36.60%). Conclusion: Road Traffic Accident (RTA) remains the major cause of hand injury affecting more males and manual workers in the productive age group. Delayed presentation is often associated with devastating complications.","PeriodicalId":9249,"journal":{"name":"British journal of medicine and medical research","volume":"8 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84643236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening for Fabry Disease among Dialysis Patients in Brazil: Findings from the First 18 months of a Nationwide Study","authors":"M. Coutinho, O. Neto, J. Araujo, Túlio Marcos Santos, Jorge López, Luisa R Baptista, M. Ribeiro","doi":"10.9734/BJMMR/2017/32156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BJMMR/2017/32156","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: To estimate the frequency of Fabry disease (FD) among kidney failure patients on dialysis in Brazil using an algorithm designed to track FD-suspected patients. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Methodology: A total of 25,223 dialysis patients from 188 dialysis centers spread all over the country were analyzed. All collected data were entered in a database created and maintained by DataGenno Interactive Research ® . An algorithm was created to sort dialysis patients into three main groups: FD-suspected patients, FD-non suspected patients, and patients for medical analysis. Further up, FD-suspected patients were submitted to GLA gene sequencing. Results: Out of 25,223 patients, 2,956 (11.72%) were considered FD-suspected. From FD-suspected patients, 89 (3.0%; 2.0% female, 1.0% male) were diagnosed with FD. FD-positive patients represented 0.3% (0.2% female, 0.1% male) of all analyzed patients. Average age of FD-positive patients : 37.7 years (±16.6) and of FD-negative patients: 45.1 years (±11.5). Seventeen different mutations were found in FD-positive patients. Missense mutations c.352C>T(R118C), c.1102G>A(A368T) and c.870G>C(M290I) were the most frequent (60.7% of the patients). A368T and R118C were more frequent among 30 patients with depression. Six female patients had cerebrovascular disease and A368T mutation was more frequent. A368T, R118C and M290I were more frequent in patients with heart disease. Angiokeratoma frequency (14.6%) was higher than in previous findings in the Brazilian population. according to literature. Three missense mutations were highly frequent among FD-positive patients; none of them were directly related to end-stage renal disease caused by FD. The algorithm used could be a helpful tool to identify FD.","PeriodicalId":9249,"journal":{"name":"British journal of medicine and medical research","volume":"18 1","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86694135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geriatric Poly-Pharmacy: A Growing Epidemic. How to Prevent It?","authors":"S. Sarkar","doi":"10.9734/BJMMR/2017/32944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BJMMR/2017/32944","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Geriatric poly-pharmacy is defined as the use of more drugs in older adults than are medically necessary. It is widely prevalent in clinical practice. The rationale for poly-pharmacy in the elderly is not clear. Objective: 1) Review the epidemiology, etiologic factors and potential consequences of geriatric poly-pharmacy; 2) Provide recommendations for prevention and reduction of geriatric polypharmacy. Methods: A review of literature for published articles in English language from online databases (Medline, EBSCO, Psychinfo, Google scholar) was conducted from 2000-2017. Results: With minor geographical variation, the prevalence of geriatric poly-pharmacy ranges from 15-80%. The trend is rising globally. Etiology is not clear. Associated factors include demographic factors (advanced age, education, geographic variation, socio-economic status, insurance), comorbidities, health status, severity of disease, treatment- refractoriness, healthcare setting (inpatient, out-patient or nursing home), cultural beliefs, physician prescribing pattern, etc. The concurrent administration and use of multiple medications increase the risk of drug interactions, potential adverse consequences, falls, fractures including morbidity and mortality in the elderly. Geriatric poly-pharmacy is also associated with cumulative toxicity, poor medication adherence and treatment non-compliance. Recommendations provided are targeted at preventing and reducing unnecessary geriatric poly-pharmacy in clinical practice. Conclusion: The growing epidemic of geriatric poly-pharmacy poses a significant public health problem. This article highlights on the strategies for preventing and reducing unnecessary prescribing of drugs in the elderly. A better understanding of physicians’ rationale for geriatric polypharmacy, patient tolerability and effectiveness of this strategy is needed to guide clinicians and to inform the development of evidence based treatment guidelines. Records searched from 2000-2017, identified through online databases (Medline, EBSCO, Psychinfo, Google Scholar).","PeriodicalId":9249,"journal":{"name":"British journal of medicine and medical research","volume":"44 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82342593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rate of Incidental Finding of Intestinal Tuberculosis in Preoperatively Unsuspected Laparotomy: Experience of 300 Cases in Bangladesh","authors":"Rahman, Mollah, S. Ullah, Rahim, Islam, Yusuf, Y. Ali","doi":"10.9734/bjmmr/2017/32598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bjmmr/2017/32598","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Detection of intestinal tuberculosis is very crucial for the management of the patient. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to find out the incidence of intestinal tuberculosis in clinically unsuspected laparotomies. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in different units of the Department of Surgery at Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka from March 2002 to March 2004 for a period of two (2) years. Purposive sampling was done according to availability of the patients and strictly considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Patients with no suspicion about pulmonary as well as intestinal tuberculosis, history of cough & haemoptysis, no history of antitubercular drug taken, diagnosed as other than tuberculosis, per operative suspicion raised by any one or more of followings criteria like enlarge lymph nodes in mesentery, omental masses, ileocaecal masses, suspicious growth in ileum, omental thickening, perforation suspected by tuberculosis were selected as study population. Biopsy was taken from suspicious lesions. Histopathology was confirmed the granulomatous lesion. Patients with known case of tuberculosis, suspicion about pulmonary tuberculosis, history of cough & haemoptysis, previously treated with antitubercular drugs and chest X-ray with suspicion of pulmonary tuberculosis were excluded from this study. Results: A total number of 300 patients under laparotomy were recruited for this study after fulfilling exclusion and inclusion criteria of which 38 positive cases were found in the study with a percentage of 12.7%. Maximum affected age group was 21 to 30 years which was 16(42%) cases. In all histologically positive cases granulomatous inflammation were found in 12(31.6%); both granuloma & caseation necrosis was reported in 719(50.0%) cases; furthermore, with this Langhan’s giant cell, caseation necrosis were also found in 7(18.4%) cases. Conclusion: In conclusion the incidence of intestinal tuberculosis is very high among the preoperatively unsuspected laparotomy patients.","PeriodicalId":9249,"journal":{"name":"British journal of medicine and medical research","volume":"40 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82952363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre-hospital Use of Oral Rehydration Therapy and Zinc and the Risk of Dehydration in Childhood Diarrhoea","authors":"T. Ogunlesi, M. Olowonyo, T. Runsewe-Abiodun","doi":"10.9734/BJMMR/2017/33648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BJMMR/2017/33648","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diarrhoea is a leading cause of childhood mortality globally. The use of oral rehydration therapy (ORT) with zinc supplementation is recommended in the treatment of childhood diarrhoea. Objective: To determine the pattern of pre-hospital use of ORT and zinc among children with diarrhoea at the secondary levels of health care in Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted over a six-month period at two secondary health facilities among children with diarrhoea. A structured questionnaire was administered on consenting caregivers and the level of dehydration was also determined. Results: Out of 109 under-five children, 93 (85.3%) were aged < 24 months; 79 (72.5%) mothers were aware of ORT use but only 56 (51.4%) actually used ORT. Fifty (45.9%) mothers were aware of zinc use but 33 (30.3%) actually administered it. Fifty-nine (54.1%) children had dehydration; Original Research Article Ogunlesi et al.; BJMMR, 21(8): 1-8, 2017; Article no.BJMMR.33648 2 60.9% of children who had ORT with zinc and 60.5% of those who received neither ORT nor zinc were dehydrated. ORT use was significantly associated with zinc use but had no association with dehydration, rather vomiting was significantly associated with dehydration (p = 0.03). Conclusion: More than half of the children studied presented at the secondary level of care with dehydration despite high maternal awareness and use of ORT. Zinc use was low in this population. Due to vomiting and feed refusal, the impact of ORT and zinc in the prevention of dehydration was obscure.","PeriodicalId":9249,"journal":{"name":"British journal of medicine and medical research","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83767524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction of Skeletal Openbite Using Zygomatic Miniplates","authors":"S. Dadgar, F. Sobouti, Mehran Armin, Nasim Esnaashari","doi":"10.9734/bjmmr/2017/30193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bjmmr/2017/30193","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: Anterior open bite is often caused by excessive vertical development of the posterior maxilla. In such cases, it is hardly possible to establish absolute anchorage for molar intrusion by traditional orthodontic mechanics. The use of skeletal anchorage for orthodontic tooth movement is offering a minimally invasive treatment option for correction of skeletal anterior open bite and enhancement of facial esthetics as an alternative to major surgery. Presentation of Case: This article reports a case of 23 year old female patient, who had a moderately severe skeletal anterior open bite, that was successfully corrected by using titanium miniplates and miniscrews. The miniplate were inserted in zygomaticomaxillary buttress area and fixed with two miniscrews on each side. Titanium miniscrews were inserted bilaterally in palatal region to preserve molar axial inclination during intrusion. An intrusion force was provided with niti coilsprings for 9 months. Discussion: After active treatment of 24 months, The mean amount of accomplished molar intrusion was 2.8 mm ± 0.64 mm, with a rate of 0.311 mm ± 0.071 mm per month and a bite closure of 5.61 mm ± 1.23 mm. No significant buccal tip was observed in the right and left molars Case Report Dadgar et al.; BJMMR, 19(6): 1-10, 2017; Article no.BJMMR.30193 2 upon intrusion. Her retrognathic chin and convex profiles were improved by counterclockwise rotation of the mandible. Conclusion: Our results suggest that titanium miniplates are useful for intrusion of posterior teeth. Intrusion of the posterior teeth induced counterclockwise rotation of the mandible and, as a consequence, corrected the anteroposterior intermaxillary relationship with a significant improvement in the facial soft tissue convexity.","PeriodicalId":9249,"journal":{"name":"British journal of medicine and medical research","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87560808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aplastic Anemia during Pregnancy with Complete Remission: Case Report and Review of the Literature","authors":"R. Haifa, A. Bechir, B. Emna, Achour Jenayah, B. Nesrine, B. Amina, S. Badreddine, Ben Youssef Yosra, Khelif Abderrahim","doi":"10.9734/bjmmr/2017/29613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bjmmr/2017/29613","url":null,"abstract":"The association of aplastic anemia (AA) and pregnancy is exceptional and there are no clear guidelines for its management, It could be life threatening for both mother and child and a challenge to the hematologist as well as the obstetrician. Sometimes it improves spontaneously after delivery. We report a case of pregnant woman in whom severe AA was diagnosed, managed during pregnancy with supportive therapy leading to normal delivery of a full term healthy foetus, with good outcome after a follow up of three years.","PeriodicalId":9249,"journal":{"name":"British journal of medicine and medical research","volume":"11 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89235696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ramsay Hunt Syndrome in HIV Positive Individual","authors":"Nidhi Jain, A. Nagarajappa, Rohit Mishra, M. Bhasin","doi":"10.9734/bjmmr/2017/30148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bjmmr/2017/30148","url":null,"abstract":"Ramsay-Hunt syndrome (RHS) is caused by varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection in the geniculate ganglion of the facial nerve. It is characterized by facial palsy, otic pain, herpetic vesicles around the auricle and external auditory canal. We report here rare case of a RHS affecting a middle-aged individual, in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive patient. The patient presented with severe herpes zoster infection of the maxillary and mandibular divisions of the trigeminal nerve. Unilateral vesicles involved lower and middle 1/3 rd of trigeminal nerve distributed area on the left side of the face. Intraoral involvement included buccal, labial and palatal mucosae of the affected side. Patient also suffered with lower motor neuron facial palsy of facial muscles on the affected side. Case Study","PeriodicalId":9249,"journal":{"name":"British journal of medicine and medical research","volume":"61 3","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91505726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}