British journal of medicine and medical research最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of Periodontal Tissues and Abdominal Aorta of Rats with Induced Obesity by Monosodium Glutamate and Experimental Periodontitis","authors":"K. Costa, M. Bonfleur, Viviane Pontillo, Stefany Pedrotti, Paula Bernardon, Rose Brancalão, C. Beu, P. Nassar, C. Nassar","doi":"10.9734/BJMMR/2017/30165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BJMMR/2017/30165","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavior of experimentally-provoked-periodontitis tissues and the abdominal aorta in rats with acquired induced hypothalamic obesity. Methods: Initially in the first 5 days of life, a cohort of twenty-eight male Wistar rats were divided into 2 groups; the first group [n=14] were given intradermal injections of 4 G/kg of solution of Monosodium glutamate (MSG); the second group [n=14] was given 1,25 G/kg/day of saline solution (group CTL) in the cervical region. At 70 days, each of the two groups were further divided into another 2 subgroups, and periodontitis was induced with ligature placing as the experimental variable, on the 1st lower molars, except in group 1 and 3. This created 4 groups: (1) control group without ligature (CTL n=7); (2) control group with ligature (CTLLIG n=7); (3) group MSG without ligature (MSG n=7); (4) and group MSG with ligature (MSGLIG n=7). Total n=28. After 100 days the rats were sacrificed and gingival tissue, abdominal aorta samples, and a hemi-mandible were dissected out for immunological, morphological and radiographic analysis. Results: Both Radiography and histopathology showed significant lower alveolar bone loss when the MSGLIG, group was compared to the CTLLIG group (p< 0.05). In the abdominal aorta morphometric analysis there was statistically significant difference in the measurement of the thickness of the aortic wall, being the largest thickness observed in the MSGLIG group (p< 0.05). Conclusion: Therefore, this study suggests that the periodontitis in association with the hypothalamic obesity may contribute to the increase of the width of the abdominal aorta walls, as well as the hypothalamic obesity may exert a protective effect on alveolar bone loss.","PeriodicalId":9249,"journal":{"name":"British journal of medicine and medical research","volume":"113 1","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80205401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rate of Incidental Finding of Intestinal Tuberculosis in Preoperatively Unsuspected Laparotomy: Experience of 300 Cases in Bangladesh","authors":"Rahman, Mollah, S. Ullah, Rahim, Islam, Yusuf, Y. Ali","doi":"10.9734/bjmmr/2017/32598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bjmmr/2017/32598","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Detection of intestinal tuberculosis is very crucial for the management of the patient. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to find out the incidence of intestinal tuberculosis in clinically unsuspected laparotomies. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in different units of the Department of Surgery at Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka from March 2002 to March 2004 for a period of two (2) years. Purposive sampling was done according to availability of the patients and strictly considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Patients with no suspicion about pulmonary as well as intestinal tuberculosis, history of cough & haemoptysis, no history of antitubercular drug taken, diagnosed as other than tuberculosis, per operative suspicion raised by any one or more of followings criteria like enlarge lymph nodes in mesentery, omental masses, ileocaecal masses, suspicious growth in ileum, omental thickening, perforation suspected by tuberculosis were selected as study population. Biopsy was taken from suspicious lesions. Histopathology was confirmed the granulomatous lesion. Patients with known case of tuberculosis, suspicion about pulmonary tuberculosis, history of cough & haemoptysis, previously treated with antitubercular drugs and chest X-ray with suspicion of pulmonary tuberculosis were excluded from this study. Results: A total number of 300 patients under laparotomy were recruited for this study after fulfilling exclusion and inclusion criteria of which 38 positive cases were found in the study with a percentage of 12.7%. Maximum affected age group was 21 to 30 years which was 16(42%) cases. In all histologically positive cases granulomatous inflammation were found in 12(31.6%); both granuloma & caseation necrosis was reported in 719(50.0%) cases; furthermore, with this Langhan’s giant cell, caseation necrosis were also found in 7(18.4%) cases. Conclusion: In conclusion the incidence of intestinal tuberculosis is very high among the preoperatively unsuspected laparotomy patients.","PeriodicalId":9249,"journal":{"name":"British journal of medicine and medical research","volume":"40 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82952363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ineffective Erythropoiesis: Associated Factors and Their Potential as Therapeutic Targets in Beta-Thalassaemia Major","authors":"H. Alsaleh, S. Sulong, B. Zilfalil, R. Hassan","doi":"10.9734/bjmmr/2017/31489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bjmmr/2017/31489","url":null,"abstract":"Beta-thalassaemia ( b -thal.) is single-gene disorder that exhibits much clinical variability. b -thal. major is a major health problem, and the only method of curing is allogenic bone-marrow transplantation, which is not available to everyone and not without risk. The underlying pathogenesis of b -thal. major is due to ineffective erythropoiesis (IE), which is characterized by increased proliferative activity that fails to produce sufficient functional red blood cells. In b -thal. patients, the severity of the IE is mainly responsible for the hallmarks of the disease’s presentation, sequalae and complications. This review discusses the mechanisms of IE, the factors that contribute to it and the potential therapies for targeting these factors to improve patients’ clinical phenotypes.","PeriodicalId":9249,"journal":{"name":"British journal of medicine and medical research","volume":"36 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80580604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aplastic Anemia during Pregnancy with Complete Remission: Case Report and Review of the Literature","authors":"R. Haifa, A. Bechir, B. Emna, Achour Jenayah, B. Nesrine, B. Amina, S. Badreddine, Ben Youssef Yosra, Khelif Abderrahim","doi":"10.9734/bjmmr/2017/29613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bjmmr/2017/29613","url":null,"abstract":"The association of aplastic anemia (AA) and pregnancy is exceptional and there are no clear guidelines for its management, It could be life threatening for both mother and child and a challenge to the hematologist as well as the obstetrician. Sometimes it improves spontaneously after delivery. We report a case of pregnant woman in whom severe AA was diagnosed, managed during pregnancy with supportive therapy leading to normal delivery of a full term healthy foetus, with good outcome after a follow up of three years.","PeriodicalId":9249,"journal":{"name":"British journal of medicine and medical research","volume":"11 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89235696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study on Dental Health Behavior of Nursing Students in Western University","authors":"K. Suttagul, P. Dolo, Russainee Toh-Adam, Tipchuta Pornleardtanapong, S. Pimpong","doi":"10.9734/BJMMR/2017/31328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BJMMR/2017/31328","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of oral health among undergraduate Thai nursing students in Western University in Faculty of Nursing at Kanchanaburi, Thailand. Study Design: Observational cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Sample: Faculty of Nursing at Kanchanaburi, Western University, Thailand, between August 2014 and June 2015. Methodology: A pilot study was conducted among 20 students, and the sample size was calculated as 135 participants. Total samples were taken from the year I to IV (7 men, 128 women; age range 18-23 years). The participants were asked different questionnaire on dental health knowledge, attitude and practice. Descriptive statistics were calculated for mean, standard deviation (SD), percentage (%). The data were analyzed using SPSS 18. Results: The results show that 94.8 percent were female and only 5.2 were male. The dental problems were found in 94.07% of the participants, which includes dental plaque in 35.43%, followed by food impaction in 21.26%. The results of knowledge of oral health of the participants were, good knowledge in 51.11%. The results of the attitude on the oral health show more than 60% had good attitude, but only 40% had low attitude and did not agree on the attitude questions that were asked. Regarding on the practice of oral health of the participants, over 80.74% of the participants had good practice such as brush their teeth twice daily by modified bass technique for 2-3 minutes and they use cream mixed fluoride toothpaste. About 37% of the participants visit the dentist twice per year for an oral health checkup and about 82.96% of the participants like fruits which is good for the oral health. But 62.22% of the participants visit to the dentist when they have only oral health problems. About 17.03% use horizontal brush technique and 4.44% brush their teeth with cream not mixed fluoride. Conclusion: The nursing undergraduate students have moderate oral health knowledge, attitude and practice. Thus, introducing the teaching and training of the essential components of oral health care in a nursing school is a prerequisite for good practice. This will empower nursing professional with basic oral health knowledge and promote oral health behaviors and hence to disseminate to the patients.","PeriodicalId":9249,"journal":{"name":"British journal of medicine and medical research","volume":"7 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89496607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salivary biomarkers to monitor osteopenia and stress levels in breast cancer survivors","authors":"Xun Xiao, M. W. Yip, W. Loo, L. Hao, L. Chow, E. F. Lie, C. Chow, Min Wang","doi":"10.9734/BJMMR/2017/30663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BJMMR/2017/30663","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: The aim of this study is to assess salivary biomarkers, i.e. cortisol, calcium, phosphate, osteocalcin, vitamin D and estradiol levels, to monitor osteopenia and stress levels in post-treatment breast cancer patients. Methods: The salivary biomarkers of forty-five female breast cancer survivors aged between 30 to 48 years were compared against twenty-eight disease-free, healthy female subjects, which act as the reference values in our study. Saliva collection was done by resting/drooling collection method (minimal oral movements). The independent unpaired t-test was used to compare the differences between the parameters of control group and patient group. Results: The salivary flow rate and the amount of saliva were not significantly different between both groups. The concentration of salivary cortisol in breast cancer survivors was significantly higher compared to healthy controls ( P <0.01). The mean concentrations of salivary calcium ( P <0.01), phosphate ( P <0.05), osteocalcin ( P <0.001), vitamin D ( P <0.001) and estradiol ( P <0.05) in the breast cancer survivor group were significantly lower than those in the control group. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the measurement of salivary biomarkers can be considered as a useful method to monitor osteopenia and stress levels in breast cancer survivors.","PeriodicalId":9249,"journal":{"name":"British journal of medicine and medical research","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89898203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photoplethysmogram Technique to Characterize the Carotid-to-toe Pulse Duration during Different Human-postures","authors":"S. Abdalla, N. Al-Aama","doi":"10.9734/BJMMR/2017/30470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BJMMR/2017/30470","url":null,"abstract":"Photoplethysmogram, including Pulse Transit Time (PTT), technique were used to detect blood volume changes in human carotid-to-toe. The main problem is how to evaluate the PTT values continuously from the subject with accurate readings. Monitoring PTT values of a person is useful in non-invasive, cuff-less estimation of blood pressure measurement. In this study, PTT values of 12 healthy subjects (8 males and 4 females) age 23.8 ± 1.5 years have been estimated using an auto-regressive with exogenous input (ARX) model. We presented autoregressive model for single variant and multi-variant model, using time series model, taken into account exogenous variables, a locally constant autoregressive model, and a radial basis function autoregressive model. We implemented the time domain system identification using an autoregressive with exogenous input (ARX) model. PTT values were estimated for all subjects in three different positions; sit, stand and supine. Results show that the PTT in sit and stand positions are statistically no different (84.5±19.6 ms versus 78±15.9 ms, p = 0.44). However, the PTT in the supine position is significantly higher than the two other positions (145.7±18.4 ms versus 84.5±19.6 ms and 145.7±18.4 ms versus 78±15.9 ms respectively, p < 0.01 for both situations). These results concur with values reported by other researchers (120 ms < PTT < 180 ms) on the effect of posture in estimating PTT.","PeriodicalId":9249,"journal":{"name":"British journal of medicine and medical research","volume":"13 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90328462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ramsay Hunt Syndrome in HIV Positive Individual","authors":"Nidhi Jain, A. Nagarajappa, Rohit Mishra, M. Bhasin","doi":"10.9734/bjmmr/2017/30148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bjmmr/2017/30148","url":null,"abstract":"Ramsay-Hunt syndrome (RHS) is caused by varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection in the geniculate ganglion of the facial nerve. It is characterized by facial palsy, otic pain, herpetic vesicles around the auricle and external auditory canal. We report here rare case of a RHS affecting a middle-aged individual, in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive patient. The patient presented with severe herpes zoster infection of the maxillary and mandibular divisions of the trigeminal nerve. Unilateral vesicles involved lower and middle 1/3 rd of trigeminal nerve distributed area on the left side of the face. Intraoral involvement included buccal, labial and palatal mucosae of the affected side. Patient also suffered with lower motor neuron facial palsy of facial muscles on the affected side. Case Study","PeriodicalId":9249,"journal":{"name":"British journal of medicine and medical research","volume":"61 3","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91505726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geriatric Poly-Pharmacy: A Growing Epidemic. How to Prevent It?","authors":"S. Sarkar","doi":"10.9734/BJMMR/2017/32944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BJMMR/2017/32944","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Geriatric poly-pharmacy is defined as the use of more drugs in older adults than are medically necessary. It is widely prevalent in clinical practice. The rationale for poly-pharmacy in the elderly is not clear. Objective: 1) Review the epidemiology, etiologic factors and potential consequences of geriatric poly-pharmacy; 2) Provide recommendations for prevention and reduction of geriatric polypharmacy. Methods: A review of literature for published articles in English language from online databases (Medline, EBSCO, Psychinfo, Google scholar) was conducted from 2000-2017. Results: With minor geographical variation, the prevalence of geriatric poly-pharmacy ranges from 15-80%. The trend is rising globally. Etiology is not clear. Associated factors include demographic factors (advanced age, education, geographic variation, socio-economic status, insurance), comorbidities, health status, severity of disease, treatment- refractoriness, healthcare setting (inpatient, out-patient or nursing home), cultural beliefs, physician prescribing pattern, etc. The concurrent administration and use of multiple medications increase the risk of drug interactions, potential adverse consequences, falls, fractures including morbidity and mortality in the elderly. Geriatric poly-pharmacy is also associated with cumulative toxicity, poor medication adherence and treatment non-compliance. Recommendations provided are targeted at preventing and reducing unnecessary geriatric poly-pharmacy in clinical practice. Conclusion: The growing epidemic of geriatric poly-pharmacy poses a significant public health problem. This article highlights on the strategies for preventing and reducing unnecessary prescribing of drugs in the elderly. A better understanding of physicians’ rationale for geriatric polypharmacy, patient tolerability and effectiveness of this strategy is needed to guide clinicians and to inform the development of evidence based treatment guidelines. Records searched from 2000-2017, identified through online databases (Medline, EBSCO, Psychinfo, Google Scholar).","PeriodicalId":9249,"journal":{"name":"British journal of medicine and medical research","volume":"44 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82342593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Echocardiographic Features of Patients with Stroke in Port Harcourt, Nigeria","authors":"R. Ezennaka, S. Dodiyi-Manuel","doi":"10.9734/bjmmr/2017/32076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bjmmr/2017/32076","url":null,"abstract":"Stroke is a major challenge to physicians worldwide, with a high incidence, mortality, disability rates and costs. selected for comparison. Patients who were less than 40 years, hemodynamically unstable or pregnant were excluded. Results: One hundred patients (61 males and 39 females) and 80 healthy controls (51 males and 29 females) were enrolled. There were more males than females in a ratio of 1.6:1 for the patients and 1.3:1 for the controls. Mean age of patients was 57.7 ± 8.4 years and 57.1 ± 8.8 years for controls. Mean body mass index was 27.8 ± 5.48 kg/m 2 in patients and 27.6 ± 4.72 kg/m 2 in controls. Left ventricular mass index of > 110 g/m 2 in females and > 134 g/m 2 in males was considered abnormal. The mean left ventricular mass index was higher in patients than in controls (140.3 ± 43.1 g/m 2 versus 88.1 ± 24.3 g/m 2 ; p < 0.001). Left ventricular hypertrophy was present in 60% of patients and 7.5% of controls (p < 0.001). Potential cardiac sources of embolism was found in 47% of the patients which includes left atrial dilatation (27%), left atrial dilatation with spontaneous echocardiographic contrast (3%), atrial fibrillation (7%), intracardiac thrombus (6%) and valvular heart disease (4%). Conclusion: Stroke patients have a high prevalence of LVH and potential cardiac sources of embolism which can be identified by echocardiography.","PeriodicalId":9249,"journal":{"name":"British journal of medicine and medical research","volume":"38 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80341774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}