British journal of medicine and medical research最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of Acidic versus Alkaline Environment for Furcation Perforation Repair among Calcium Silicate Based Materials: An in vitro Comparative Study","authors":"Bernice Thomas, M. Chandak, Bharat Deosarkar","doi":"10.9734/bjmmr/2017/14050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bjmmr/2017/14050","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of acidic and alkaline environment on the dislodgement resistance of White Pro Root Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and Biodentine when used as furcation perforation repair materials. Methodology: Eighty, human, mandibular molars were used. Perforations were made in the furcation of each molar and enlarged to #3 Peeso drills. After perforation repair, according to the two materials respectively, specimens of each material were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 10) according to storage media and time: group A: phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (pH = 7.4) for 4 days, group B: acetic acid (pH =5.4) for 4 days, group C: PBS for 34 days, and group D: acetic acid (pH = 5.4) for 4 days followed by exposure to PBS for 30 days. Dislodgment resistance was then measured using a universal testing machine. Results: Biodentine resisted dislodgement more efficiently than Pro Root MTA in PBS (p<0.05). The dislodgement resistance of Biodentine and Pro Root MTA was reduced after exposure to acidic pH, but there was significant reduction of Pro Root MTA in comparison with Biodentine. Conclusion: An acidic environment affects the bond strength of calcium silicate based materials. Biodentine has better dislodgement resistance than White Pro Root Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA).","PeriodicalId":9249,"journal":{"name":"British journal of medicine and medical research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90472955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Family Risk of Metabolic Disorder; A Parameter for Timely Screening of Vascular Endothelial Health","authors":"Preeti Kanawjia, S. Tiwari, M. Bajpai","doi":"10.9734/bjmmr/2017/31004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bjmmr/2017/31004","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To study the correlation of vascular endothelial health with family risk of metabolic disorders, in healthy overweight, obese and non obese subjects. Study Design: A case-control (pilot) study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in Cardiovascular Physiology lab, Department of Physiology, K.G.M.U Methods: Cases and controls comprised from January 2009 to February 2010. of 30 overweight / obese healthy subjects (BMI >= 25 kg/m2 and/or WHR (female>0.85; male>1) and 30 non-obese healthy subjects respectively (BMI< 25 kg/m2 and/or WHR (female<0.85; male<1) excluding subjects with secondary cause of abnormal blood flow. Vascular endothelial health was assessed via reactive hyperemic response measured via impedance plethysmography in the subject’s forearm. Fasting plasma glucose and serum lipid profile was also done. Results: On comparison of biochemical variables, lipid derangement was recorded in both the groups. Significant difference in VLDL (control 21.84±9.68, case 29.01±16.83) (p=0.048) and TG (control 101.22±-43.33; case145.21±84.02) (p=0.013), could be seen. VLDL & TG was deranged in 15 (6 cases + 9 controls) (P=0.371) and 14 (5 cases + 9 controls) (P=0.222) subjects respectively with no inter-group significant statistical difference. Inter-group reactive hyperemia at 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9 min post occlusion time showed no significant difference. Peak hyperemic response was seen at 2 minutes in both the groups. Though independent family history in first degree relatives of diabetes, coronary artery disease and/or hypertension showed a significant association with % RH at 2 min. (P =0.049), yet in group wise exploration, no significant association was seen. Conclusion: Adverse anthropometry is universally not associated with deranged lipid profile and vice versa. Raised RH response associated with positive family risk could be either due to hyperinsulinemia and/or some yet undeciphered cause but not solely as add-on sequelae of deranged anthropometry (BMI & WHR). In the light of our findings, we conclude that what seems as a favourable response i.e. a raised hyperemic response in subjects with a positive family history of risk factors, may be last ditch escape response before the vascular system succumbs to the inflammatory insult. Some yet undeciphered causes could thus be suspected of an adverse outcome and thus accordingly timely modified by lifestyle modifications or pharmacological interventions.","PeriodicalId":9249,"journal":{"name":"British journal of medicine and medical research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83095612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between the Inclination of Adjacent Teeth Caused by Vertical Malposition of the Second Primary Molar – in Relation to Development Stage of First Molar","authors":"Shoji Takahashi, Shigeru Watanabe, Koji Watanabe, Akihiro Nakamura, Reina Odai, T. Sasabe","doi":"10.9734/bjmmr/2017/29480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bjmmr/2017/29480","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: Mesial inclination of first molar caused by vertical malposition of the second primary molar is often untreated but this may create severe problems. To obtain an objective guideline for treatment of such cases, the relationship between degree of mesial inclination and developmental phase of first molar was analyzed. Study Design: Ten boys and six girls who exhibited vertical malposition of the second primary molar were analyzed. At their first visit oral checklists and panoramic radiographs were obtained. Methodology: Oral checklists were used at their first visit and panoramic radiographs were taken by Veraview Epocs X-550 (Morita/Kyoto). The radiographs were output as films by DRY PIX7000 (Fujifilm Medical/Tokyo). Examinations were conducted on the degree of development of the second bicuspid germ affected by a submerged second deciduous tooth, the presence of malposition, the degree of development of first molar and presence of tooth root resorption in the second primary molar, based on the panoramic radiographs. Results: A significant positive correlation occurred between (i) second primary molar space and degree of formation of the first molar (p<0.01); (ii) the angle between tooth axes of the first primary molar and first molar and amount of formation of the first molar (p<0.05); The vertical positional relationship between the second primary molar and the second bicuspid germ Proximity values showed larger values on the affected side; Retarded formation by 54% was recognized in the formation of the second bicuspid. Conclusion: The prognosis for treatment success may depend on the degree of first molar formation.","PeriodicalId":9249,"journal":{"name":"British journal of medicine and medical research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84245780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Practice of Effective Hand Washing and Associated Factors among Caregivers of Infants Attending Infant Welfare Clinics in Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria","authors":"O. Odu, E. Emmanuel, E. Amu, S. Deji, S. Dada, O. Marcus","doi":"10.9734/BJMMR/2017/31836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BJMMR/2017/31836","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Effective hand washing has been shown to reduce the incidence of some infectious diseases especially diarrhea participants. SPSS version 20 was used for data analysis. The level of significance was set at P< 0.05. Results: A total of 387 caregivers participated in the study. About 89.9% of the respondents had good knowledge of hand washing, while 7.5% and 2.6% of the respondents had fair and poor knowledge respectively. Similarly, about 77.3% of the respondents had positive attitude towards the practice of effective hand washing. However, less than one third (31.5%) of the respondents were observed to be practicing effective hand washing. The study also revealed that knowledge and attitude of respondents towards hand washing were significantly associated with the practice of effective hand washing among the caregivers. Conclusion: The study revealed that the knowledge of hand washing was generally high among the caregiver while the observed practice of effective hand washing was generally low. It also revealed a gap between self-reported practice and observed practice of hand washing. Knowledge and attitude of caregivers towards hand washing were identified as significant factors associated with the practice of effective hand washing while behavioural change communication was recommended for caregivers.","PeriodicalId":9249,"journal":{"name":"British journal of medicine and medical research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89286599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Skills and Knowledge in Clinical Ophthalmology: A Survey among Undergraduate Medical Students in Malaysia","authors":"S. C. Reddy, S. Moe","doi":"10.9734/BJMMR/2017/30941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BJMMR/2017/30941","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9249,"journal":{"name":"British journal of medicine and medical research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86086976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Ricketts Frontal Analysis Reference Points on Cone-beam Computed Tomography Images","authors":"A. Rosa, Lívia Silva, L. Chinem, B. Vilella, A. Motta, O. V. Vilella","doi":"10.9734/bjmmr/2017/32451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bjmmr/2017/32451","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability of Ricketts frontal analysis reference points when viewed by three-dimensional images. Methodology: The points related to the Ricketts frontal analysis were identified at multiplanar reconstructions (MPR) and three-dimensional reconstructions (Rec 3D) obtained from cone-beam computed tomography. The cephalometric landmarks, following the author’s definition, were located by three operators: an orthodontist, a radiologist, and a student coursing the eighth period of the graduation course in dentistry. After two weeks, the landmarks were repeated. The values of X, Y, and Z were obtained for each point, and the intraclass correlation coefficient was calculated. Results: The intraclass correlation coefficient values were less than 0.45 (poor reliability) at 15 points viewed from the three-dimensional reconstructions and 8 points for the multiplanar reconstructions, including the intra and interobserver assessments. It was not possible to identify the J point on the CBCT images. Conclusion: The multiplanar reconstructions allow greater reliability in the identification of the anatomical landmarks for both intra and interobserver assessments. To improve its reliability, Ricketts frontal analysis reference points must be defined in the three planes of space before transfer to three-dimensional images, or new anatomical references can be adopted.","PeriodicalId":9249,"journal":{"name":"British journal of medicine and medical research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89601024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Safety Profiles of Pure and Alcohol Beverages in Wistar Rats","authors":"O. Dawodu, O. Ebuehi, O. Odesanmi","doi":"10.9734/bjmmr/2017/25624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bjmmr/2017/25624","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Alcohol consumption is readily acceptable worldwide, and despite warnings and billions of dollars spent yearly on its the present copious of The study investigated the comparative effects of pure and alcoholic on Wistar rats to in treatment compared GGT and activities of the treatment rat organ photomicrographs showed followed by the liver, kidney and brain. The GC-MS chromatograms of the respective beverages contained the following: beer 19, red wine 10 and spirit 16 constituents. Conclusion: The plasma ALT, AST, GGT activities however, did not indicate excess alcohol consumption in the animals although unusual values were observed. The histological profile on the rat organs showed that there was some form of organ damage implying that these beverages may be injurious to health. In addition, the GC-MS spectroscopy revealed that these alcoholic beverages had different proportions of the chemical constituents which may portend some futuristic threat to health.","PeriodicalId":9249,"journal":{"name":"British journal of medicine and medical research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73355546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delirious Mania: Recognition and Successful Treatment with Donepezil","authors":"L. Moore, M. Goldner-Vukov, R. Huso","doi":"10.9734/BJMMR/2017/33433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BJMMR/2017/33433","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: Presentation of a case of severe delirious mania with resolution of delirium after treatment with donepezil. Presentation of Case: KA was a 44 y/o Australian female with a history of bipolar affective disorder with psychotic manic episodes. Two weeks prior to her psychiatric admission she was admitted to a medical ward after an overdose (OD) of acetaminophen. On review, it appeared that pathological processes involved in delirium may require unique and individual recognition and management. Conclusion: This case suggests that the use of donepezil is strongly recommended in the treatment of delirious mania. Further study is required to clarify in this challenging disorder.","PeriodicalId":9249,"journal":{"name":"British journal of medicine and medical research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74530263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of Fracture Resistance and Microleakage of Reattached Anterior Tooth Fragment Using Two Different Flowable Composites- An in vitro Study","authors":"Saumya, R. Dhingra, Ashish Gupta, B. Karunanand","doi":"10.9734/bjmmr/2017/32526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bjmmr/2017/32526","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To evaluate and compare the fracture resistance and microleakage of reattached anterior tooth fragment using two different flowable composites. Study Design: In-vitro study. Place and of Study: The present in vitro study was carried out in the Department between June and July 2016. Methodology: The subjects were selected from various sources. A total of 160 extracted permanent anteriors were selected for the study. Teeth were divided into 2 groups, 80 teeth in each group reattached with G-aenial Universal Flo and Esthet X-Flow, evaluated for fracture resistance testing using Universal testing machine. Half number of teeth tested for microleakage using Dye-penetration method. The results obtained from the study were then tabulated and statistically analyzed. Results: Mean value for fracture resistance in Group I were observed (89.07 ± 32.46) whereas in Group II were observed (64.63 ± 40.33). On statistical analysis result found to be highly significant (p = 0.001). Out of 40 teeth, in Group I -16 observed no penetration whereas in Group II -10 teeth were observed no penetration. On Enamel-Dentin microleakage in Group I found to be in 6 teeth, whereas 14 teeth showed the same Enamel-Dentin penetration in Group II. But on statistical analysis, overall result found to be non-significant (p = 0.19). Conclusion: Among the tested flowable composites, G-aenial Universal Flo showed highly significant fracture resistance than Esthet X-flow. Microleakage shows no significant differences between nanohybrid and microhybrid flowable composites.","PeriodicalId":9249,"journal":{"name":"British journal of medicine and medical research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74689940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) in the Immediate Postoperative Period Following Proximal Femoral Fractures Reduces Drug Costs","authors":"F. Silva, E. Bobsin, J. Grings, M. Silveira, A. Rosa, M. B. Dohnert","doi":"10.9734/BJMMR/2017/31860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BJMMR/2017/31860","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of TENS on the costs generated with the intake of analgesic drugs in patients with proximal femoral fractures. Study Design: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Methodology: Forty-two patients, homogeneous for age, color and sex, were allocated into three groups. These were divided into TENS treatment (n=14), Placebo TENS (n=14) and Control (n=14), with application for a period of seventy-two hours postoperatively, assessing pain, by visual analogue scale, and drug intake (tenoxicam, dipyrone, tramadol, morphine and diazepam). Results: Long-term TENS reduced pain and drug intake by 62.96% (tramadol), 45.61% (tenoxicam), 24% (dipyrone) and 87.5% (morphine) in patients in the postoperative period following femoral fracture. This reduction represented a decrease of US$ 3,975.34 for every 1,000 patients with proximal femoral fractures treated with TENS on the three days after surgery. Conclusion: TENS, when used ininterrupedly, was shown to be effective for pain reduction and generated a significant reduction in drug-related costs in the immediate postoperative period of patients with proximal femoral fractures.","PeriodicalId":9249,"journal":{"name":"British journal of medicine and medical research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75640663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}