BMC Research Notes最新文献

{"title":"AI in academia: navigating ethical crossroads of innovation, integrity, and equity.","authors":"Amin Talebi Bezmin Abadi","doi":"10.1186/s13104-025-07605-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-025-07605-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The recent integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into academia could usher in transformative efficiencies across scholarly workflows-from manuscript drafting to data analysis-yet it also presents problematic ethical challenges that urgently require intense attention. While some surveys suggest that over 50% of researchers employ AI chatbots like ChatGPT and DeepSeek for tasks such as language refinement and administrative coordination, their adoption raises potential concerns about cognitive dependency, systemic bias, and accountability gaps. AI tools can enhance productivity by automating repetitive tasks, democratizing access for non-native English speakers, and streamlining literature synthesis. However, reliance on these systems could gradually erode critical thinking skills, particularly among early-career researchers pressured to prioritize publication quantity over rigor. Ethical ambiguities seem to persist: AI-generated content may complicate authorship norms, potentially entrench biases against Global South scholarship, and introduce risks of misinformation. Transparency deficits could further undermine trust, as undisclosed AI use might compromise peer review integrity and patient privacy in medical research. To balance innovation with ethical imperatives, this study advocates a tripartite framework: [1] ethical governance, including mandated disclosure of AI contributions and inclusive dataset curation to mitigate bias; [2] symbiotic human-AI collaboration, preserving human oversight in critical analysis and interpretation; and [3] equitable innovation, leveraging AI to bridge global research disparities. Unresolved challenges-such as accountability for AI errors and the potential cognitive consequences of prolonged dependency-appear to underscore the urgent need for global standards to clarify liability and preserve academic rigor while fostering equitable innovation. Proactive engagement from journals, institutions, and developers may be essential to ensure AI augments, rather than undermines, the integrity and equity of scholarly ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":9234,"journal":{"name":"BMC Research Notes","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13491662/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148788302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BAGLS-VF: a comprehensive dataset for glottal area and vocal fold segmentations.","authors":"Sina Razi, Andreas M Kist","doi":"10.1186/s13104-026-07972-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13104-026-07972-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Datasets for automatic analysis of laryngeal endoscopic images are scarce, particularly those providing detailed anatomical annotations beyond the glottal area. The BAGLS dataset previously introduced a large collection of laryngoscopic images with expert annotations of the glottal area. To facilitate research on more detailed anatomical modeling and segmentation tasks, we introduce BAGLS-VF, an extension of the BAGLS dataset that includes additional annotations of the left and right vocal folds.</p><p><strong>Data description: </strong>BAGLS-VF contains 59,250 videolaryngoscopic frames with pixel-level annotations of three anatomical structures: glottal area, left vocal fold, and right vocal fold. The dataset is derived from the original BAGLS dataset and was semi-automatically annotated by a trained rater using a standardized annotation protocol. Images originate from high-speed videolaryngoscopic recordings of subjects undergoing clinical examination and cover a wide range of anatomical variability and imaging conditions. In line with the original BAGLS dataset, the images are predominantly grayscale (approximately 97% of the underlying recordings) with a small proportion of RGB recordings (approximately 3%); the segmentation masks are provided as RGB-encoded label images in which the three anatomical regions are stored as separate colour channels. BAGLS-VF is intended to support research in medical image segmentation, laryngeal biomechanics, and computer-assisted diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9234,"journal":{"name":"BMC Research Notes","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13480099/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148788371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What is the best way to collect urine from neonates? Comparison of the success rate and volume using different methods in a repeated measures design.","authors":"Jochen Kittel, Alexandra Peiper, Michael Melter, Susanne Brandstetter","doi":"10.1186/s13104-026-07971-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13104-026-07971-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Urine collection from neonates can be difficult. We therefore designed a study to compare success rates and effectiveness of different urine collection methods in neonates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Urine collection by compress and by sponge methods were unsuccessful and not further evaluated. Data was obtained from 23 neonates for analysis of effectiveness of the other methods of urine collection. The cotton wool pad achieved the most measurable samples of urine (82%). Wet diaper had a success rate of 78%, clean catch after bladder stimulation 70% and the adhesive urine collection bag recorded success rate of 56%. Differences observed among the success rates between the four methods were not statistically significant. There was notable variability in urine volume collected, with the clean-catch method yielding a median of 7.0 mL and the cotton wool pad only 1.0 mL.</p>","PeriodicalId":9234,"journal":{"name":"BMC Research Notes","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13465378/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148711417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity parameter calculation from SSR data with varying and higher ploidy levels: an example on pear (Pyrus ssp.) data.","authors":"Lea Broschewitz, Stefanie Reim, Henryk Flachowsky, Monika Höfer","doi":"10.1186/s13104-026-07953-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13104-026-07953-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>SSR markers are used for a myriad of genetic analyses, such as genotyping, parentage analysis or genetic structure, due to their high polymorphism, co-dominance and genomic ubiquity. Most downstream analysis tools usually require a diploid dataset but some plant species may have higher ploidy levels or there may be genotypes within the species that differ in ploidy level. Additionally, SSR markers can show multi-locus behaviour and are prone to genotyping errors. Consequently, existing analysis tools often do not meet the requirements of plant datasets. Nevertheless, accurately estimating genetic diversity parameters remains essential, even for polyploid datasets. This emphasizes the importance of adapting such datasets appropriately to enable subsequent analysis while preserving their biological validity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study examines an example dataset of pear cultivars to evaluate how genetic diversity parameters are affected by data adjustments. The original dataset, which includes numerous markers with more than two alleles, was compared with three modified subsets in which additional alleles (more than two) and selected markers were excluded. The results show that genetic diversity statistics remain largely consistent across datasets. The script used in this work thus provides a robust basis for making dataset adjustments before further analyses.</p>","PeriodicalId":9234,"journal":{"name":"BMC Research Notes","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13455377/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148705514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency and characteristics of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in wastewater in Dakar, Senegal.","authors":"Abdoulaye Cissé, Komla Mawunyo Dossouvi, Ousmane Sow, Issa Ndiaye, Abdoul Aziz Wane, Bissoume Sambe Ba, Makhtar Camara","doi":"10.1186/s13104-026-07939-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13104-026-07939-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the occurrence, antimicrobial resistance profiles, and genetic characteristics of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli in wastewater collected in Dakar, Senegal.</p><p><strong>Results description: </strong>All samples (n = 48) carried ESBL-producing isolates. The concentrations of ESBL-producing E. coli ranged from 1.4 × 10⁴ to 3.3 × 10⁵ CFU/100 mL, whereas the ratio of ESBL-producing E. coli among the total E. coli population varied between 0.2% and 16.3%. All the 107 isolated ESBL-producing E. coli isolates were multidrug resistant (MDR), with 100% resistance to beta-lactams (ampicillin, cefalotin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefepime, aztreonam) and high resistance rates to non-beta-lactam antibiotics, including ciprofloxacin (77.6%). No resistance was observed to imipenem. CTX-M-type genes were present in all isolates, with bla_CTX-M-1 group (89.7%) and bla_CTX-M-8 group (88.8%) being the most prevalent. The bla_CTX-M-15 variant, a subgroup of bla_CTX-M- group1, was detected in 96.9% of bla_CTX-M-1 positive isolates. Additionally, bla_TEM (31.8%) and bla_OXA-1 (34.6%) were detected, while bla_SHV and bla_CTX-M-25 group were absent. Phylogenetic analysis of 107 isolates revealed a diverse distribution across four phylogroups: A (37.4%), D (22.4%), B1 (14.0%), and B2 (5.7%). The predominance of phylogroup A, mainly associated with intestinal commensal carriage, suggests fecal contamination as a primary source.</p>","PeriodicalId":9234,"journal":{"name":"BMC Research Notes","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13536643/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148873172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence of hepatitis A virus in Philippine cupped oysters (Magallana bilineata) and green mussels (Perna viridis) collected in the Philippines.","authors":"Abigail S Rustia, Leslie Michelle M Dalmacio, Erniel B Barrios, Patricia Mae M Lagazon, John Carlo G Gosilatar, Dennis D Tanay, Anne Marie M Matubis-Binuya, Christrhea N Udang, Minerva M Manaog, Roel Anthony S Bayangos, Denise Anne B Dela Cruz, Crisanto M Lopez","doi":"10.1186/s13104-025-07481-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13104-025-07481-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Hepatitis A virus (HAV) causes acute hepatitis through ingestion of contaminated food and water, with bivalve molluscs as common vehicles of transmission. As filter feeders, HAV concentrates in their digestive tissues when grown in contaminated waters. In 2020, the Philippines produced nearly 75 MT of shellfish. However, maintaining proper sanitation in growing areas remains challenging, and data on the occurrence of HAV in these commercially significant shellfish is lacking. This study aimed to detect HAV in Philippine cupped oysters (Magallana bilineata), green mussels (Perna viridis), and seawater from their growing areas. Samples were collected in Pangasinan (August 2022), Cavite (April 2023), and Capiz (June 2023), and HAV detection was conducted using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HAV RNA was not detected in the shellfish and seawater samples, consistent with zero reported cases of Hepatitis A during the collection periods. However, a disparity was noted between these findings and potential sewage run-off linked to net positive rainfall. The Department of Health reported 111 and 127 Hepatitis A cases nationwide in 2022 and 2023, respectively, indicating that HAV remains endemic. Identifying sources, transmission modes, and environmental factors is crucial for integrating HAV risks into the food safety risk assessment framework.</p>","PeriodicalId":9234,"journal":{"name":"BMC Research Notes","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13418450/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148599363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunomodulatory effects of high versus low intensity diode laser as adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy in periodontitis.","authors":"Amani A Al-Sharani, Wadhah A Al-Hajj, Ahmed A Madfa","doi":"10.1186/s13104-026-07955-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-026-07955-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Periodontitis is characterized by a dysregulated inflammatory response mediated by proinflammatory cytokines. This study aimed to compare the immunomodulatory effects of high-intensity (DLT-H) versus low-intensity (DLT-L) diode laser therapy as adjuncts to conventional scaling and root planning (SRP) in patients with periodontitis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-seven participants contributing 81 non-adjacent periodontal sites were randomly assigned into three treatment groups: SRP alone, SRP + DLT-H, and SRP + DLT-L. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was collected at baseline, 1 month, and 3 months post-treatment to quantify levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α. All treatment modalities led to significant reductions in pro-inflammatory cytokine levels over time (p < 0.01). DLT-H produced the most pronounced and sustained decreases, with early and long-term suppression significantly greater than both SRP alone and DLT-L. DLT-L yielded moderate yet consistent reductions across all cytokines, whereas SRP alone demonstrated limited and less durable immunomodulatory effects. Pairwise comparisons highlighted the superior efficacy of DLT-H in both early (baseline to 1 month) and late (1 to 3 months) intervals, particularly for IL-6 and TNF-α. These findings indicate that high-intensity diode laser therapy provides superior and modulatory benefits and may enhance the outcomes of nonsurgical periodontal therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9234,"journal":{"name":"BMC Research Notes","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149227295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) HOTAIR expression changes in ischemic stroke patients.","authors":"Alia Saberi, Niloufar Nabavi, Amirreza Ghayeghran, Zivar Salehi, Yaser Moaddabi, Mohammad Ebrahim Ghaffari, Haniyeh Haghanipor, Sara Khoshdooz, Ali Bonyad","doi":"10.1186/s13104-025-07487-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-025-07487-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ischemic stroke (IS), a leading global health problem, is caused by interrupted blood flow in the brain, often due to clotting or artery constriction. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), particularly HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR), are pivotal in stroke pathophysiology.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study focused on the expression levels of HOTAIR lncRNA in ischemic stroke patients.</p><p><strong>Methods and materials: </strong>This comparative cross-sectional study with 100 participants: 50 IS patients and 50 patients without IS serving as controls. The study gathered demographic data, disease specifics, and medication history. Blood samples were analyzed for HOTAIR lncRNA expression levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study showed significantly higher expression levels of HOTAIR lncRNA among IS patients compared to the control group (5.73 ± 0.75 vs. 2.35 ± 0.29; P < 0.001), with an average increase of 3.19 units compared to the control group (P < 0.001) after adjusting the independent variables. Additionally, participants with hypertension had an average increase of 0.36 units in of HOTAIR lncRNA expression compared to the control group (P = 0.041).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study found that HOTAIR lncRNA levels are significantly higher in IS patients and may be associated with a history of hypertension. diseases. This suggests that HOTAIR lncRNA could be a useful biomarker for stroke and related conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9234,"journal":{"name":"BMC Research Notes","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149227308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extended evaluation of activated carbon-embedded glucomannan membranes for the adsorption of structurally and charge-distinct dyes.","authors":"Masahide Hagiri, Taisei Igari, Keita Kashima","doi":"10.1186/s13104-026-07952-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-026-07952-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Konjac glucomannan (KGM)/activated carbon (AC) composite membranes were previously shown to retain the intrinsic adsorption capability of AC when removing methylene blue. However, the applicability of this composite system to structurally and electrostatically distinct dyes, and its robustness to variations in KGM source have not been fully evaluated. This study extends the earlier work by examining the adsorption of methyl violet B (MV), a bulkier cationic dye, and methyl orange (MO), an anionic dye, using KGM from a different supplier.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Stable KGM/AC membranes were fabricated and showed no leakage of AC during experiments. Both MV and MO exhibited Type-I Langmuir adsorption behavior, and the maximum adsorption capacity increased linearly with the AC mass fraction (MF_AC), demonstrating that AC embedded in the membrane remained accessible. The Langmuir equilibrium constant showed no systematic dependence on MF_AC, indicating that the neutral KGM matrix did not alter the affinity of AC for the dyes. The membrane prepared with a different KGM lot performed comparably to that in the previous study, confirming reproducibility. These findings demonstrate that the KGM/AC membrane maintains AC functionality across dyes with molecular properties and is robust with respect to variation in polymer source.</p>","PeriodicalId":9234,"journal":{"name":"BMC Research Notes","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149223404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A diffusion-conditioned representation learning framework for disease classification in medical imaging.","authors":"Jutika Borah, Rajkumar Saini, Abdur R Fayjie, Debarun Chakraborty, Hidam Kumarjit Singh","doi":"10.1186/s13104-026-07858-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13104-026-07858-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Recently, deep learning models in medical imaging have undergone tremendous advancements. However, these deterministic discriminative models often tend to overfit and produce overconfident predictions. To explore a more efficient strategy, we propose a diffusion-conditioned representation learning that leverages the internal dynamics of a diffusion model to extract noise-level awareness and diverse semantic representations in disease classification and detecting distributional shifts. The proposed method inherently encodes aleatoric uncertainty by sampling features from multiple denoising time steps, which is then used to regularize prediction during training via entropy regularized loss.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>We conducted extensive experimentation over five diverse clinical datasets, and our framework demonstrates competitive performance with reduced prediction entropy and improved robustness to input degradation. The negative entropy-accuracy correlation, expected calibration error, and dynamic uncertainty demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework in classification tasks. Our framework achieved competitive performance compared with traditional convolutional neural networks and vision transformers with an AUC of 83.81%, 97.45%, 86.15% and 96.75% on datasets 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. The reduced ECE values on the datasets demonstrate the calibrated performance of the proposed method.</p>","PeriodicalId":9234,"journal":{"name":"BMC Research Notes","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13663269/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148520010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}