BMC Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Metagenomic and physicochemical profiling reveal microbial functions in pit mud for Jiang-Nong Jianxiang Baijiu fermentation.","authors":"Lianbin Cao, Hongmei Sun, Ziyi Xu, Xiaoxiao Xu, Guangchuan Shi, Jianqiang Zhang, Changli Liang, Tongbiao Li, Chaoying Liu, Mingcheng Wang, Shilin Tian, Enzhong Li","doi":"10.1186/s12866-025-03884-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12866-025-03884-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The unique flavour and quality of Baijiu, a treasure of traditional Chinese culture, has attracted increasing attention. The pit mud is a key component for forming the unique flavour styles of different Baijiu brands. Hence, conducting in-depth research on the microbial colonies present in pit mud is paramount for enhancing the intricate bouquets of Baijiu flavours.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study conducts a comprehensive metagenomic examination of the microbial ecosystem within Chinese Jiang-Nong Jianxiang Baijiu fermentation pit mud. Within the pit mud walls, six prominent species, each accounting for more than 1% of the average relative abundance, emerged as key contributors: Lentilactobacillus buchneri, Secundilactobacillus silagincola, Clostridium tyrobutyricum, Lentilactobacillus parafarraginis, Ligilactobacillus acidipiscis, and Lactobacillus acetotolerans. Conversely, at the pit mud bases, four species surpassed this threshold: Petrimonas sp. IBARAKI, Methanosarcina barkeri, Methanofollis ethanolicus, and Proteiniphilum propionicum. Notably, the abundance of Clostridium in the pit mud walls impart superior saccharifying capabilities compared with those at the bases. The consistently high relative abundance of enzymes belonging to the glycoside hydrolases (GHs), glycosyltransferases (GTs), and carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs) across both the pit mud walls and the bases highlight their importance in fermentation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The microbial composition analysis results underscore the important role of pit mud microorganisms in facilitating starch saccharification, ethyl caproate and ethyl butyrate production, among other aromatic compounds. Microbes residing in the pit mud walls may be exhibited a heightened propensity for lactic acid generation, whereas those inhabiting the bases may be displayed a stronger inclination towards caproic acid production. This research serves as a valuable reference for future endeavours aimed at harnessing microbial resources to refine and optimize Baijiu fermentation methodologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9233,"journal":{"name":"BMC Microbiology","volume":"25 1","pages":"190"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11963406/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lactobacillus Johnsonii YH1136 alleviates schizophrenia-like behavior in mice: a gut-microbiota-brain axis hypothesis study.","authors":"Liqin Zheng, Jinge Xin, Huiqian Ye, Ning Sun, Baoxing Gan, Xuemei Gong, Shusheng Bao, Min Xiang, Hesong Wang, Xueqin Ni, Hao Li, Tao Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12866-025-03893-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12866-025-03893-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Based on the microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA) hypothesis, probiotics play an increasingly important role in treating various psychiatric disorders. Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a common mental disease with a complex pathogenesis and is challenging to treat. Although studies have elucidated the mechanisms associated with the interactions between the microbiota-gut-brain axis and SCZ, few have specifically used probiotics as a therapeutic intervention for SCZ. Accordingly, the current study determines whether L. johnsonii YH1136 effectively prevents SCZ-like behavior in mice and identifies the associated key microbes and metabolites. An SCZ mouse model was established by intraperitoneal injection of MK-801; L. johnsonii YH1136 was administered via oral gavage. L. johnsonii YH1136 significantly improves abnormal behaviors, including psychomotor hyperactivity and sociability and alleviates aberrant enzyme expression associated with tryptophan metabolism in SCZ mice. Additionally, L. johnsonii YH1136 upregulates hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels while downregulating tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO2), indoleamine-pyrrole 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), kynurenine aminotransferase 1 (KAT1). Subsequent 16S rRNA sequencing of intestinal contents suggests that L. johnsonii YH1136 modulates the gut flora structure and composition by increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus and decreasing Dubosiella in SCZ mice. N-acetylneuraminic acid and hypoxanthine are the key serum metabolites mediating the interaction between the MGBA and SCZ. These results partially reveal the mechanism underlying the effects of L. johnsonii YH1136 on SCZ-like behavior in mice, supporting the development of therapeutic L. johnsonii probiotic formulations against SCZ.</p>","PeriodicalId":9233,"journal":{"name":"BMC Microbiology","volume":"25 1","pages":"191"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11963707/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The inferred modulation of correlated vaginal microbiota and metabolome by cervical differentially expressed genes across distinct CIN grades.","authors":"Wenkui Dai, Yu Liu, Xin Jiang, Ruinan Xu, Chunlei Guo, Jun Hou, Di Wu, Changzhong Li, Hui Du, Ruifang Wu","doi":"10.1186/s12866-025-03922-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12866-025-03922-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In vitro studies have demonstrated the modulation of vaginal microbiota (VM) by cervical peptides which levels varied with the status of HPV infection and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grades. However, there is a deficiency in population-based studies investigating the modulation of VM compositions and metabolome by cervical differentially expressed genes (DEGs) across different grades of CIN.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 43 HPV-positive women, classified into low-grade (CIN1, n = 23) and high-grade (CIN2 + , n = 20) groups. Vaginal swabs were collected for both microbiota and metabolome analysis. Cervical exfoliated cells were collected for RNA-Seq analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 258 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), among which 176 CIN1-enriched genes were linked to immune responses, cell chemotaxis, negative regulation of cell migration, and B cell differentiation, activation, and proliferation. Eighty-two genes upregulated in CIN2 + cohorts were associated with epidermis development and keratinization. Then, we identified 5,686 paired correlations between DEGs, VM, and metabolome, with 2,320 involving Lactobacillus. Further analysis revealed Lactobacillus as the primary determinant of metabolic profiles, followed by Gardnerella, Faecalibacterium, Aerococcus and Streptococcus, such as the notable positive correlation between Lactobacillus with D-lactic acid and DL-indole-3-lactic acid. Applying mediation analysis, we found that Lactobacillus mediated the association of 14 CIN1-enriched DEGs, such as COL4A2, CCBE1 and SPON1, with the production of 57 metabolites, including D-lactic acid, oleic acid and various amino acids. Additional analysis indicated significant mediation effects of 79 metabolites on the association of DEGs with the growth of Lactobacillus, Gardnerella, Fannyhessea and Aerococcus.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings provide valuable population-based evidence for the inferred modulation of correlated VM and metabolome by cervical DEGs across different CIN stages.</p>","PeriodicalId":9233,"journal":{"name":"BMC Microbiology","volume":"25 1","pages":"189"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11963661/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct detection from sputum for drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis using a CRISPR-Cas14a-based approach.","authors":"Guohui Xiao, Houming Liu, Hui Xu, Hongyu Shi, Dongxin Liu, Min Ou, Peng Liu, Guoliang Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12866-025-03899-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12866-025-03899-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) highlights the urgent need for an efficient approach to identify Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) strains resistant to rifampicin (RIF) and isoniazid (INH). In response, we developed a CRISPR-Cas14a MTB RIF/INH platform that can detect the most common mutations associated with RIF and INH resistance. To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of our CRISPR-Cas14a MTB RIF/INH platform, we carried out a comprehensive assessment using clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis and sputum samples from TB patients, making direct comparisons with phenotypic drug susceptibility testing (pDST). A total of 60 clinical isolates from TB patients were utilized, consisting of 18 RIF mono-resistant, 15 INH mono-resistant, 24 MDR isolates, and 3 fully susceptible isolates. Among the 42 RIF-resistant isolates, our platform accurately identified 39, achieving a sensitivity of 93.3% (95% CI, 80.0-98.5) and a specificity of 100% (95% CI, 81.6-100). Similarly, out of the 39 INH-resistant isolates, the platform successfully identified 38, demonstrating a sensitivity of 97.5% (95% CI, 86.5-99.9) and a specificity of 100% (95% CI, 83.8-100) when compared with pDST. Moreover, in the analysis of 55 sputum samples, our platform accurately identified RIF resistance in 10 out of 12 samples (85.7%) and INH resistance in all 11 samples (100%). Notably, excluding the nucleic acid extraction step, the entire testing procedure can be completed in approximately 1.5 h. These results suggest that the CRISPR-Cas14a MTB RIF/INH platform is a reliable and promising novel tool for detecting RIF and INH resistance in isolates or directly from sputum samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":9233,"journal":{"name":"BMC Microbiology","volume":"25 1","pages":"188"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11963294/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-omics analysis of host-microbiome interactions in a mouse model of congenital hepatic fibrosis.","authors":"Mengfan Jiao, Ye Sun, Zixing Dai, Xiaoxue Hou, Xizhi Yin, Qingling Chen, Rui Liu, Yuwen Li, Chuanlong Zhu","doi":"10.1186/s12866-025-03892-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12866-025-03892-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Congenital hepatic fibrosis (CHF) caused by mutations in the polycystic kidney and hepatic disease 1 (PKHD1) gene is a rare genetic disorder with poorly understood pathogenesis. We hypothesized that integrating gut microbiome and metabolomic analyses could uncover distinct host-microbiome interactions in CHF mice compared to wild-type controls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Pkhd1^{del3-4/del3-4} mice were generated using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Fecal samples were collected from 11 Pkhd1^{del3-4/del3-4} mice and 10 littermate wild-type controls. We conducted a combined study using 16 S rDNA sequencing for microbiome analysis and untargeted metabolomics. The gut microbiome and metabolome data were integrated using Data Integration Analysis for Biomarker discovery using Latent cOmponents (DIABLO), which helped identify key microbial and metabolic features associated with CHF.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CHF mouse model was successfully established. Our analysis revealed that the genera Mucispirillum, Eisenbergiella, and Oscillibacter were core microbiota in CHF, exhibiting significantly higher abundance in Pkhd1^{del3-4/del3-4} mice and strong positive correlations among them. Network analysis demonstrated robust associations between the gut microbiome and metabolome. Multi-omics dimension reduction analysis demonstrated that both the microbiome and metabolome could effectively distinguish CHF mice from controls, with area under the curve of 0.883 and 0.982, respectively. A significant positive correlation was observed between the gut microbiome and metabolome, highlighting the intricate relationship between these two components.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identifies distinct metabolic and microbiome profiles in Pkhd1^{del3-4/del3-4} mice. Multi-omics analysis effectively differentiates CHF mice from controls and identified potential biomarkers. These findings indicate that gut microbiota and metabolites are integral to the pathogenesis of CHF, offering novel insights into the disease mechanism.</p>","PeriodicalId":9233,"journal":{"name":"BMC Microbiology","volume":"25 1","pages":"176"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11956230/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143750950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of SepF in Streptococcus suis involving cell division.","authors":"Ting Gao, Tingting Li, Jiajia Zhu, Linlin Zheng, Mo Chen, Wei Liu, Keli Yang, Tengfei Zhang, Fangyan Yuan, Zewen Liu, Rui Guo, Chang Li, Qiong Wu, Yongxiang Tian, Rui Zhou, Danna Zhou","doi":"10.1186/s12866-025-03919-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12866-025-03919-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Streptococcus suis (S. suis) is a major zoonotic pathogen that infects humans and pigs. The increasing emergence and dissemination of antibiotic resistance bacteria accelerates the urgent need to develop novel drug targets. Bacterial cell divisome is attractive target. FtsZ, an essential tubulin-like protein, forms a Z-ring that executes the synthesis of the divisome. However, the exact division process of S. suis remains unknown.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>here, we reported a SepF homolog from S. suis that modulated the function of FtsZ. sepF disruption was not lethal and its deletion mutant (∆sepF) displayed normal growth rate. ∆sepF exhibited long chains, occasionally anuclear daughter cells. Electron microscope revealed that the lack of SepF in cells led to abnormal septum which twisted out of shape, and disturbed cell division due to an increased length-width ratio and multiple septal peptidoglycan wall in a cell compared to the wild type strain. Mechanistic studies showed that SepF interacted with FtsZ to promote the bundling of FtsZ protofilaments. Furthermore, sub-cellular localization of FtsZ-GFP in ∆sepF also confirmed the abnormal septum and cell morphology.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results showed that SepF was a cell division protein in S. suis responsible for maintaining cell shape and regulating FtsZ localization.</p>","PeriodicalId":9233,"journal":{"name":"BMC Microbiology","volume":"25 1","pages":"179"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11956251/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143750067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intermittent fasting driven different adaptive strategies in Eothenomys miletus (Red-backed vole) at different altitudes: based on the patterns of variations in intestinal microbiota.","authors":"Ting Jia, Wei Zhang, Wanlong Zhu, Lixian Fan","doi":"10.1186/s12866-025-03934-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12866-025-03934-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the face of global warming, the Eothenomys miletus (Red - backed vole), a species dwelling in highland mountainous regions, is likely to encounter difficulties. Given its restricted mobility, it may struggle with the uncertainty of food resources. In such circumstances, it becomes increasingly crucial for this species to adjust its diverse responses to fulfill its energy requirements. E. miletus specimens were gathered from different altitudes for intermittent fasting (IF) experiments. In these experiments, the specimens underwent random fasting for 3 days within a seven - day cycle. 16 S rDNA sequencing technology, combined with physiological and biochemical assessment methods, was employed to analyze the impacts of IF on gut microorganisms, physiological and biochemical indicators, and the interactions among them. By exploring the adaptive responses of E. miletus to uncertain food resources, which provides novel perspectives on the adaptive strategies of small rodents in the wild during food-scarce periods. The results showed that IF significantly reduced the body mass of E. miletus. Significant correlations were found between various gut microbes and physiological indicators. Under IF conditions, E. miletus at high altitudes experienced a smaller reduction in body mass compared to those at low altitudes. Moreover, the diversity of gut microbes and endemic bacteria in E. miletus at high altitudes varied more than that of low altitudes. The differential response in body mass reduction between high-altitude and low-altitude E. miletus under IF conditions indicated that altitude is an important factor influencing the physiological adaptation of this species to dietary changes. High-altitude E. miletus showed a relatively smaller decrease in body mass, potentially reflecting their better adaptation to environmental stressors over time. Additionally, the greater variation in gut microbe diversity and endemic bacteria in high-altitude E. miletus implied that altitude may shape the gut microbiota, which in turn could be related to their unique physiological adaptations at high altitudes. Overall, E. miletus at high altitude may possess more stable regulatory mechanisms, demonstrating better adaptation under IF conditions. These findings provide valuable insights into the complex interplay between diet, altitude, and gut microbiota in the context of E. miletus physiology, highlighting the importance of considering both environmental and microbial factors in understanding the species' responses to nutritional challenges.​.</p>","PeriodicalId":9233,"journal":{"name":"BMC Microbiology","volume":"25 1","pages":"185"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11956184/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143750358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phyllospheric application of Bacillus mucilaginosus mediates the recovery of tea plants exposed to low-temperature stress by alteration of leaf endophytic community and plant physiology.","authors":"Xiao Han, Yaozong Shen, Litao Sun, Jiazhi Shen, Yilin Mao, Kai Fan, Shuangshuang Wang, Zhaotang Ding, Yu Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12866-025-03880-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12866-025-03880-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In winter, tea plants are highly susceptible to low-temperature freezing damage. The rapid recovery of tea plant vigor in spring is crucial for tea yield and quality. Some studies have reported that Bacillus mucilaginosus could improve the stress resistance of plants. However, there were no reports on the effect of B. mucilaginosus on the recovery of tea plant vigor after low-temperature stress. This study firstly used different concentrations of B. mucilaginosus to spray tea leaves and used 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology to study the impact of different treatments on tea leaf endophytic populations. Meanwhile, physiological indexes such as Soil and plant analyzer development values (SPAD), maximum photochemical quantum yield of PS II (Fv/Fm), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured and analyzed in tea plant leaves of different treatments, and the correlation between them and the bacterial community was studied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Microbial results showed that the diversity of leaf endophytic populations treated with different concentrations of Bacillus mucilaginosus (T1, T2, T3) was higher than that in control group (CK) leaves, and T2 treatment had the highest diversity. The dominant bacterial phyla of all samples were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidota. At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Actinobacteriota, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidota in leaves treated with B. mucilaginosus was significantly higher than that in the control. At the genus level, the relative abundance of Paenibacillus, Nocardioides, and Marmoricola in leaves treated with B. mucilaginosus was significantly higher than that in the control. Different concentrations of B. mucilaginosus affected the distribution of leaf endophytic populations. At the level of bacterial function, abundant metabolic functional features were observed, including amino acid transport and metabolism, as well as energy production and conversion, indicating that bacterial metabolism in tea plant leaf samples tends to be vigorous. The treatment with B. mucilaginosus significantly increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes and osmolyte content, promoted the recovery of Fv/Fm in tea plants after low-temperature stress, and improved the resistance of tea leaves to low-temperature stress, thereby promoting recovery.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study showed that B. mucilaginosus could significantly change the community structure of leaf endophytic populations, and increase antioxidant enzyme activity and osmolyte content in tea plants after low-temperature stress, promoting the rapid recovery of photosynthesis, and thereby benefiting the recovery of tea plant leaves. This study provided a theoretical basis for the application of B. mucilaginosus in practical production and also provided new ideas for the recovery of tea plants exposed to low-temperature stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":9233,"journal":{"name":"BMC Microbiology","volume":"25 1","pages":"177"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11956246/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The continuous expansion and spread of human brucellosis in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region: evidence from epidemiological and strains' genotyping-based analysis.","authors":"Zhiguo Liu, Bo Li, Chuizhao Xue, Min Yuan, Zhenjun Li, Junling Sun, Canjun Zheng","doi":"10.1186/s12866-024-03731-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12866-024-03731-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human brucellosis is a severe public health threat in Xinjiang; however, the epidemiological evolution and molecular correlation of strains are still unclear. In this study, join point regression analysis, spatiotemporal scan analysis, conventional biotyping approaches, and multiple locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) were applied to characterize the epidemiological landscape. A total of 78,689 cases were reported from 1957 to 2023. The average annual reported cases and incidence rates were 1174.46 and 5.28/100,000, respectively. Join point analysis revealed that disease incidence trends increased from 2004 (329, 1.77/100,000) to 2023 (9,334, 36.08/100,000) (AAPC = 17.26, P = 0.00), and affected counties expanded from 21 in 2004 to 100 in 2023, implying that human brucellosis continues to worsen. In 2023, the incidence rates in most counties in southern Xinjiang were higher than 2.0/100,000, and human brucellosis has become endemic in southern Xinjiang. These data demonstrate that human brucellosis is continuously spreading and expanding in Xinjiang. High incidence rate of clusters was detected in North Xinjiang from 2013 to 2023, involving 54 counties. The substantial increase in ruminant farming has increased the risk of infection in humans. A total of 28 Brucella strains were isolated in patients, all B. melitensis bv. 3. MLVA revealed that the dominant genotypes consisted of strains from different areas, hosts, and years; strains from a common original continuously spread, small ruminant trade and transfer contributed to the spread of strains in adjacent regions. Therefore, strengthening surveillance and control of animal brucellosis is vital for preventing its further spread.</p>","PeriodicalId":9233,"journal":{"name":"BMC Microbiology","volume":"25 1","pages":"181"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11956441/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects of antimicrobial peptide Lf-KR against carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli.","authors":"Jingchun Kong, Yue Wang, Yan Liu, Weijun Chen, Yijia Han, Huijing Zhou, Xiaodong Zhang, Beibei Zhou, Tieli Zhou, Jiayin Zheng","doi":"10.1186/s12866-025-03906-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12866-025-03906-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli (CREC) is one of the most significant clinical pathogens, primarily emerging owing to the widespread use of broad-spectrum antibiotics. Antimicrobial resistance is a major global health challenge that prolongs treatment duration and increases healthcare costs. This study evaluated the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects of the antimicrobial peptide Lf-KR against CREC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Broth microdilution method, growth curve analysis, and time-kill assays were performed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Lf-KR against CREC. The working mechanism of Lf-KR was elucidated using N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine, propidium iodide fluorochrome, and lipopolysaccharide-binding assays. qRT-PCR was used to assess the peptide's effects on the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines expression during infection. Furthermore, the safety and stability of Lf-KR were assessed by testing its cytotoxicity, hemolytic activity, and antibacterial stability under various conditions. The Galleria mellonella infection model was applied to evaluate the in vivo activity of Lf-KR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In vitro tests showed that Lf-KR exhibited potent antibacterial activity against CREC, with the minimum inhibitory concentrations of ranging from 4-8 µg/mL and minimum bactericidal concentrations 4-16 µg/mL. Mechanistically, Lf-KR induced bacterial cell death by disrupting the bacterial membrane. Furthermore, Lf-KR significantly reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine genes, including IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells infected with CREC. Lf-KR concentrations < 128 µg/mL showed no significant cytotoxicity or erythrocyte hemolytic activity. Lf-KR antibacterial activity was stable across a wide temperature range (- 80 °C to 65 °C), although it was more susceptible to inhibition by fetal bovine serum. The G. mellonella infection model further demonstrated the robust antimicrobial activity of Lf-KR.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrated that the antimicrobial peptide Lf-KR is a highly promising antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory agent against CREC, with potential applications in combating multi drug-resistant bacterial infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":9233,"journal":{"name":"BMC Microbiology","volume":"25 1","pages":"183"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11956232/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}