Biology and Fertility of Soils最新文献

{"title":"The contribution of the phototrophic fraction in the fertility of different successional stages of induced biological soil crusts","authors":"Gianmarco Mugnai, Sonia Chamizo, Giacomo Certini, Hua Li, Federico Rossi, Alessandra Adessi","doi":"10.1007/s00374-024-01840-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-024-01840-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Inoculation of cyanobacteria has been studied as a valuable approach to promote soil stabilization and fertilization and counteract the erosion of marginal soils. One of the results of the inoculation of cyanobacteria is the formation of biological soil crusts, or biocrusts, which are complex soil communities playing a pivotal role in providing essential ecosystem services in drylands. While numerous studies have addressed the effects of different biocrust attributes on ecosystem functions, few studies have focused on the distribution of biocrust successional stages in the soil and their link with soil fertility properties. In this work, we investigated how the distribution of biocrust types (cyano-crust; cyano/moss crust, and moss crust) is related to soil nutrient status. We evaluated phototrophic abundance, exopolysaccharide production, and nutrient content in distinct biocrust types in an experimental area in the Hopq Desert, China, where their occurrence had been induced by cyanobacteria inoculation. In addition, we investigated the correlation between these variables. Photosynthetic pigment content, total carbohydrates, exopolysaccharides, organic C, and total N increased during the biocrust maturation stages. We found significant correlations between the levels of organic C, total carbohydrates, and total N with the abundance of diazotrophic cyanobacteria. Organic N was greater in the cyano/moss crust, while available P accumulated mainly in the cyano-crust. The three biocrust types are essential to each other as each represents a stage in which distinct nutrients are stored. This study complements previous studies by offering a more comprehensive view of how phototrophic variability in the distribution of biocrusts dominated by cyanobacteria or by mosses is closely interconnected with nutrient content and biocrust development.</p>","PeriodicalId":9210,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Fertility of Soils","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141545769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of biodegradable plastics on greenhouse gas emission and paddy rice growth under flooding conditions","authors":"Kazuyuki Inubushi, Iori Sahara, Taku Kato, Hiroyuki Oshima","doi":"10.1007/s00374-024-01838-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-024-01838-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Biodegradable plastics applied to soil stimulate the production of greenhouse gases and inhibit plant growth under aerobic conditions. This study aimed to examine the effects of biodegradable plastics on paddy rice growth and greenhouse gas emission under flooding conditions in pot experiments and also on greenhouse gas production under flooding conditions in an incubation experiment. Two series of pot experiments were conducted with rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i>). First series as <i>immediate flooded</i> and 2nd series as <i>2 weeks nonflooding</i> before flooded, and both kept flooded until harvest. The following four kinds of materials were added to the sandy paddy soil, (1) nonwoven <i>fabric</i> sheets made of polylactic acid and polybutylene-succinate, (2) <i>laminate</i> sheets made of polybutylene adipate terephthalate and pulp, (3) <i>cellulose</i> filter paper, and (4) rice straw. Only soil was used as control. Methane (CH₄) emission, measured by chamber method followed by gas chromatography, was significantly larger only in the <i>cellulose</i> treatment than the <i>laminate</i> treatment in the <i>immediate flooded</i> series, indicating that biodegradable plastics had no significant impact on CH₄ emission from paddy rice soil. Rice growth and yield did not show significant difference among treatments in both series. Incubation experiment showed the largest CH₄ production in <i>cellulose</i>-amended soil, followed by <i>straw</i>-amended and <i>laminate</i> amended soils, and least in <i>fabric</i>-amended soil, while CO₂ did not show significant differences among treatments. We need further examination with different biodegradable plastics for a longer period that test used in this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":9210,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Fertility of Soils","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141475320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dry season residual straw reduces nitrous oxide emissions during rice season in upland-paddy rotation systems by inhibiting soil denitrification","authors":"Tao Wang, Chengyang Ji, Wei Zhou, Hong Chen, Yong Chen, Qi Liu, Tao Cao, Zhiping Yang, Yong Fu, Xueping Yue, Fei Deng, Xiaolong Lei, Youfeng Tao, Hong Cheng, Shulan Fu, Wanjun Ren","doi":"10.1007/s00374-024-01842-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-024-01842-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The mechanism by which residual straw incorporation affects nitrous oxide (N₂O) and carbon dioxide equivalent (CO₂-eq) emissions throughout the rice season under upland-paddy rotation systems is currently unknown. We aimed to elucidate its effect using a four-year experiment and meta-analysis in southwest China. In garlic–rice (GR) and wheat–rice (WR) systems, residual straw incorporation significantly decreased N₂O emissions (43.6% and 73.5%, respectively) and NO₃⁻-N concentrations, relative abundance of denitrifying bacteria (<i>Anaeromyxobacter</i>, <i>Bacillus</i> and <i>Hyphomicrobium</i>), and copy numbers of the <i>norB</i> and <i>nosZ</i> genes. Ultimately, the soil denitrification rate was reduced during rice tillering and full heading periods, but the soil organic nitrogen accumulation level was increased. The reduction in N₂O also resulted in an average reduction in the total CO₂-eq of the GR (23.4%) and WR (32.9%) systems in 2021–2022. In addition, the meta-analysis results showed that straw incorporation had a generally positive effect on soil N₂O emissions, but this effect was negative during the rice season in upland-paddy rotation systems, which supports the main results of our study. The path analysis results indicated that dry season residual straw incorporation slowed N₂O emissions during the rice season by increasing the soil C/N ratio and downregulating denitrifying microorganisms, thereby inhibiting the denitrification rate. Our findings challenge the understanding that straw incorporation increases greenhouse gas emissions during the rice season and suggest that future estimates of straw incorporation on methane (CH₄) emissions during the rice season should consider the offsetting effect of N₂O.</p>","PeriodicalId":9210,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Fertility of Soils","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141489546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pore confinement enhances but surface adhesion reduces bacterial cell-to-cell conjugation","authors":"Huihui Sun, Mark Radosevich, Yanchen Sun, Larry Millet, Shuo Qian, Jie Zhuang","doi":"10.1007/s00374-024-01841-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-024-01841-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>As the habitats of bacteria, soil pore network and surface properties control the distribution, adhesion, and motility of bacteria in soils. These physical processes in turn influence bacterial accesses to nutrients and bacterial interactions. Our understanding on the pore- and surface-mediated bacterial interactions is currently limited. In this research, we evaluated the effects of soil pore confinement and surface adhesion on conjugation-based bacterial interactions. The interaction was measured by plasmid transfer between donor and recipient cells within the population of soil bacterium <i>Pseudomonas putida</i>. We found that the presence of porous sand media led to a net increase in conjugation frequency compared to sand-free liquid control. The increase is attributed to the facilitated effect of pore confinement on the collision of bacteria within pores. In contrast, bacterial adhesion to sand surfaces under elevated ionic strength conditions decreased the conjugation frequency as a result of mobility reduction on the surface. Such collision and adhesion mechanisms jointly drive the conjugation as a function of pore and surface properties of porous media. These results provide valuable insights into the roles of soil pores and surfaces in regulating horizontal gene transfer, an essential cell-to-cell interaction sustaining key processes of soil ecology and health.</p>","PeriodicalId":9210,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Fertility of Soils","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141462538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transport of plant growth promoting bacteria (Azospirillum brasilense) in sand under transient water flow: effect of inoculation regime","authors":"Fengxian Chen, Zeev Ronen, Gilboa Arye","doi":"10.1007/s00374-024-01839-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-024-01839-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Time dependent deposition of two <i>Azospirillum brasilense</i> strains in sand quantified.</p>\u0000<p>Three inclusions regimes examined: surface, subsurface and premixed.</p>\u0000<p>For surface and subsurface the bacteria accumulated near the point source and remained stagnant in the premixed.</p>\u0000<p>The attachment/detachment numerical model found adequate to describe the time dependent deposition profiles of the bacteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":9210,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Fertility of Soils","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141448108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genotypic richness affects inorganic N uptake and N form preference of a clonal plant via altering soil N pools","authors":"Jia-Tao Zhu, Jun-Qin Gao, Wei Xue, Qian-Wei Li, Fei-Hai Yu","doi":"10.1007/s00374-024-01837-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-024-01837-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Similar to species richness, genotypic richness of plants plays a pivotal role in the structure and function of ecosystems. While the contribution of intraspecific variability to ecosystem function has been well-established, the mechanisms underlying the effect of genotypic richness on nitrogen (N) uptake patten remain poorly understood. We established experimental populations consisting of 1, 4, or 8 genotypes of the clonal plant <i>Hydrocotyle verticillata</i> in microcosms and conducted ¹⁵N-labeling to quantify plant N uptake. NH₄⁺-N uptake rate of the populations with 8 genotypes was significantly higher than that of the populations with 1- and 4-genotypes, while genotypic richness did not influence NO₃⁻-N uptake rate. Increasing genotypic richness also enhanced NH₄⁺-N uptake preference and reduced NO₃⁻-N uptake preference. Additionally, increasing genotypic richness facilitated the transformation of the soil nitrogen pool, resulting in a reduction of total soil N content and an increase in soil NH₄⁺-N, thereby causing a shift in population N uptake preference. Our findings highlight the importance of genotypic richness on both N uptake and N form preference of plant populations. Such intraspecific variability in N uptake and N form preference may further influence population dynamics and ecosystem function.</p>","PeriodicalId":9210,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Fertility of Soils","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141444904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing key bacteria from suppressive soil to mitigate banana Panama disease","authors":"Nana Lv, Mohammadhossein Ravanbakhsh, Shuqin Ling, Yannan Ou, Chengyuan Tao, Hongjun Liu, Rong Li, Zongzhuan Shen, Qirong Shen","doi":"10.1007/s00374-024-01836-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-024-01836-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Soil microbiomes play a pivotal role in shaping plant health and their ability to suppress the pathogens. However, the specific microbial features that confer disease suppression in agricultural soils have remained unknown. In this study, we aim to elucidate the mechanistic roles of soil key bacteria contributing to disease suppression in banana Panama disease by using a comprehensive soil survey focusing on suppressive, and conducive soils. Through an initial field survey across twelve paired locations, we identified five fields with significantly lower pathogen abundances compared to their co-located counterparts. Subsequent greenhouse experiments validated the disease-suppressive nature of soils collected from Jianfeng (JF) and Lingao (LG), both exhibiting low pathogen densities. Furthermore, four OTUs classified as <i>Massilia</i> (OTU44), <i>Flavisolibacter</i> (OTU396), <i>Brevundimonas</i> (OTU632) and <i>Pseudomonas</i> (OTU731), respectively, were identified as key players in suppressing pathogen invasion as they were significantly enriched in suppresive groups and pathogen inoculated treatments. The present results might suggest a vital link between these soil bacteria and pathogen inhibition in banana rhizosphere via a greenhouse experiment. The abundance of nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) genes, which was responsible for antibiotic synthesis and significantly enriched in the banana rhizosphere after beneficial microorganism inoculation, displayed a significant and negative correlation with pathogen abundance while a positive correlation with relative abundance of <i>Pseudomonas</i>. This result suggests that the up-regulation of NRPS genes may play a key role in bolstering banana plant immunity. These findings not only provide promising biocontrol strategies but also offer valuable insights into the dynamic relationship between soil microbiomes and plant physiology, paving the way for sustainable agriculture and disease management.</p>","PeriodicalId":9210,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Fertility of Soils","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141315770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of military training, warfare and civilian ammunition debris on the soil organisms: an ecotoxicological review","authors":"Andrés Rodríguez-Seijo, David Fernández-Calviño, Manuel Arias-Estévez, Daniel Arenas-Lago","doi":"10.1007/s00374-024-01835-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-024-01835-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Civilian and military activities are sources of water and soil contamination by inorganic and organic contaminants caused by shooting practices, warfare, and/or mechanized military training. Lead poisoning and contaminant bioaccumulation due to spent shots or other related military contaminants have been widely studied for mammals, birds, and plants. Although there are different papers on the impact on earthworms, information on micro and mesofauna (i.e., collembola, nematodes, etc.) is still scarce. Here, we review the published data regarding the impact of civilian and military shooting activities, including war-impacted areas, focusing on soil organisms, from microbial communities to the ecotoxicological effects on terrestrial organisms. One hundred eleven studies were considered where earthworms and enchytraeids were widely studied, especially under ecotoxicological assays with Pb and energetic-related compounds from military explosives. There is a lack of information on soil organism groups, such as mites, ants, or gastropods, which play important roles in soil function. Data from combined exposures (e.g., PTEs + TNT and PTEs + PAHs) is scarce since several studies focused on a single contaminant, usually Pb, when combined contaminants would be more realistic. Ecotoxicological assays should also cover other understudied ammunition elements, such as Bi, Cu, or W.</p>","PeriodicalId":9210,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Fertility of Soils","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141292719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aridity-driven divergence in soil microbial necromass carbon in alpine grasslands of the Tibetan Plateau","authors":"Yunfei Zhao, Xia Wang, Yazhen Li, Menghan Yuan, Jia Li, Huawei Zhu, Zhuoyun Cheng, Wenhui Duan, Junwu Wang","doi":"10.1007/s00374-024-01834-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-024-01834-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Soil microbial necromass carbon (MNC) contributes to the long-term stability of soil organic carbon (SOC). However, the response of MNC across aridity gradients remains unclear, especially in vulnerable alpine ecosystems. Here, we examined alpine grasslands from 180 sites spanning a 3,500 km aridity gradient on the Tibetan Plateau to investigate how MNC abundance and composition (contributions of bacterial and fungal necromass carbon) vary with climate. MNC was variable, ranging from 0.55 to 26.95 g kg⁻¹ soil, with higher content observed in humid and dry-subhumid regions than in arid and semiarid regions in the Western Tibetan Plateau. Soil properties were the dominant drivers of MNC, with soil fertility (cation exchange capacity and total phosphorus) and weathering products (clay, silt and iron/aluminum oxides) facilitating MNC accumulation, while a negative correlation was observed between MNC and soil pH. A pivotal aridity threshold of 0.60 underpinned a non-linear decrease in MNC with increasing aridity across soil condition gradients; MNC was negatively correlated with aridity below this threshold and showed no correlation beyond it. Given this pivotal aridity threshold, we delineated the drivers of MNC under conditions of low (aridity &lt; 0.6) versus high (aridity &gt; 0.6) aridity. In low-aridity conditions, MNC accumulation was governed by aridity, soil fertility, weathering products, and pH, whereas in high-aridity conditions, the interplay between soil properties and temperature took precedence. Species richness enhanced carbon accumulation from microbial residues under low-aridity conditions more so than under high-aridity conditions, with fungal necromass carbon consistently being a higher contributor to SOC than bacterial necromass carbon, particularly in humid regions. These findings highlight aridity-driven divergence in MNC and propose that conserving plant diversity may mitigate the adverse effects of aridification on MNC under low-aridity conditions in alpine grasslands.</p>","PeriodicalId":9210,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Fertility of Soils","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141156719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitrogen limitation in eucalypt roots: a cascading influence on the mobilization of soil organic matter","authors":"Luis Carlos Colocho Hurtarte, Ivan Francisco Souza, Rodrigo Teixeira Ávila, Luís Fernando J. Almeida, Gabriela Soares, Leonardus Vergütz, Ivo Ribeiro Silva","doi":"10.1007/s00374-024-01832-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-024-01832-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Emerging scientific evidence has shown that root exudates may trigger the mobilization of soil organic matter (SOM), particularly under nutrient limitation. However, the role of changes in root morphology, metabolism, exudation, and their impact on rhizospheric properties and SOM remain poorly known. To address this issue, we conducted a rhizobox experiment for 50 days in which pre-grown eucalypt plants (120 days-old) were supplied with nutrient solutions providing either limited (0.0 mg L^− 1) or normal N supply (196.0 mg L^− 1). After 48 days, we used a ¹³CO₂ pulse labeling to track the impact of N limitation on C translocation to roots and soil respiration. After the 50th day, we assessed root morphology and metabolism, rhizospheric pH, mineral crystallinity, C and N contents, and the molecular composition of SOM. Under N limitation, eucalypt plants showed reduced photosynthesis, increased their root-to-shoot ratio and root branching, with organic acids prevailing among root metabolites. Overall, N-limited eucalypt plants led to a cascading of changes in the rhizosphere: increased concentrations of recently fixed ¹³C-CO₂, citrate, and N-bearing compounds, whereas soil pH and Fe-bound SOM decreased. These results were not followed by significant changes in microbial biomass, neither fungi: bacteria nor Gram-positive: Gram-negative ratios. Our results show that under N limitation, eucalypt roots exhibited a cascade of morpho-physiological adjustments that ultimately increased the mobilization of some SOM pools. Therefore, the combined impacts of those root morpho-physiological traits on the mobilization of SOM may reduce the overall soil C sink of eucalypt forests under N limitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9210,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Fertility of Soils","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141096651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}