Biology and Fertility of Soils最新文献

{"title":"Forest litter decomposition stimulates heterotrophic nitrogen fixation by driving diazotrophic community interactions","authors":"Chang Pan, Shuikuan Bei, Zhe Hua, Mengtian Zhou, Zichen Wang, Ruoxian Fu, Xiaogang Li","doi":"10.1007/s00374-025-01893-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-025-01893-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The decomposition of carbon-rich litter in forest ecosystems is thought to regulate critical nutrient cycles, including biological N fixation. However, the dynamics of N fixation and its driving mechanisms during litter decomposition remain elusive. In the present study, we tracked N fixation rate (NFR), diazotrophic community characteristics and associated soil factors during the decomposition of Chinese fir and/or <i>Schima superba</i> leaf litter in a 60-day microcosm experiment. Soil NFR significantly increased as the litter addition and the incubation time, but it was not affected by litter types. Diazotrophic community interactions and key diazotroph species, identified by co-occurrence network, were changed as litter decomposition progressed. NFR was significantly correlated with the richness of putative key diazotrophs, and was mainly mediated by changes in soil NH₄⁺-N, and key C fractions of organic C. Structural equation modeling further revealed that the intensification of soil N fixation functions during litter decomposition was mediated by complex diazotrophic interactions rather than community diversity.</p>","PeriodicalId":9210,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Fertility of Soils","volume":"207 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143125147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arbuscular and fine root-endophytic mycorrhizal fungi forage differently for nutrients in a seminatural temperate grassland","authors":"Jiří Košnar, Petr Šmilauer, Marie Šmilauerová","doi":"10.1007/s00374-025-01891-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-025-01891-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The acquisition of P and N from soil and their exchange for fixed C are key functions of mycorrhizal fungi in their symbiotic relationship with host plants. Additional contribution to plant nutrition is possible when hyphae proliferate into soil space not directly accessible to plant roots or when they locate nutrient-rich patches more effectively than plant roots. We performed a field-based experiment in a seminatural grassland. Community composition, diversity, and root colonisation intensity of mycorrhizal fungi was compared across different types of substrate patches (enriched or not with inorganic N, P or both), between two exposure times, and with unmanipulated soil and patches enriched with plant biomass. Beside evaluating the response of the communities of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (G-AMF) and fine root endophytes (M-FRE), we estimated foraging speed and precision of multiple taxa within these two groups. We compared the relative abundance of both groups using molecular barcoding. While G-AMF responded in community composition and diversity to inorganic and organic N enrichment, M-FRE did not discriminate among diferentially nutrient-enriched patches. Individual taxa varied in foraging response, but G-AMF were slower and possibly more discriminatory than M-FRE in occupying patches differing in N and/or P-enrichment. Particularly two virtual taxa of the <i>Rhizophagus irregularis</i> morphospecies of the G-AMF grew preferentially into the N-enriched patches. We thus conclude that there exist important differences in the strategies of soil exploration for nutrients within both fungal groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":9210,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Fertility of Soils","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143055067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liming enhances the abundance and stability of nitrogen-cycling microbes: the buffering effect of long-term lime application","authors":"Akari Mitsuta, Késia Silva Lourenço, Jingjing Chang, Mart Ros, René Schils, Yoshitaka Uchida, Eiko Eurya Kuramae","doi":"10.1007/s00374-025-01889-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-025-01889-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Lime application (liming) has historically been used to ameliorate soil acidity in grasslands. Liming effectively improves soil pH, plant productivity, and soil physicochemical properties, but the long-term impact of acidity control by liming on key microbial nitrogen (N)-cycling genes in semi-natural grasslands is unknown. We investigated the effect of 65 years of liming on N-cycling processes in the limed and control plots of the Ossekampen long-term grassland experiment in the Netherlands. These plots have not received any other fertilizers for 65 years. Soil sampling and nitrous oxide (N₂O) emission measurements were conducted three times in spring and four times in summer, and quantitative real-time PCR was performed to determine the absolute abundances of N-cycling genes, including ammonia-oxidation (<i>amoA</i>-AOB, <i>amoA</i>-AOA, <i>amoA</i>-comammox), denitrification (<i>nirS</i>, <i>nirK</i>, <i>nosZ</i>), nitrate ammonification (<i>nrfA</i>), and N-fixation (<i>nifH</i>) genes. Long-term liming increased the absolute abundances of nitrifiers, denitrifiers, and nitrate ammonifiers. Soil N₂O emissions did not differ significantly between liming and control treatments. Additionally, liming had a buffering effect that maintained the population of N-cycling microbes against seasonal variations in abundance. Our results indicate that improving soil acidity through liming potentially facilitates microbial N-cycling processes without increasing N₂O emissions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9210,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Fertility of Soils","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143027151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bio-organic fertilizer enhances soil mineral solubilization, microbial community stability, and fruit quality in an 8-year watermelon continuous cropping system","authors":"Yaoyao Tong, Xianqing Zheng, Hongwei Liu, Haoqing Zhang, Yangwu Deng, Ming Chen, Weiguang Lv, Jianping Chen, Tida Ge, Zhaofeng Yuan","doi":"10.1007/s00374-025-01892-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-025-01892-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Understanding the interaction between microbes and soil nutrients during fertilization is crucial for improving plant fruit quality. However, the impact of soil mineral elements, and their interactions with microbial communities on plant performance remain unclear. In this study, we combined fruit and soil mineral analyses with microbial community resistance assessments in an 8-year watermelon continuous cropping system to investigate the microbiome-mediated plant responses to organic and bio-organic fertilizations. Our results showed that bio-organic fertilizer (BOF) treatment significantly enhanced watermelon quality, with a quality index 1.62 and 9.29 times higher than organic fertilizer (OF) and the control (CK), respectively. BOF improved soil mineral levels, particularly soil available iron (AFe), which was 1.77 and 4.01 times greater than OF and CK, and leaf iron content, which was 2.10 and 11.49 times higher than OF and CK. BOF also improved the soil microbial resistance and microbial community stability along with a promotion of symbiotic components within soil microbiomes and led to a stable microbial community, which supported enhanced soil nutrient cycling and plant health. Additionally, BOF-associated microbial clusters strongly linked with AFe and watermelon quality index. Stable mineral-solubilizing bacteria like <i>Ammoniphilus</i>, <i>Bacillus</i>, <i>Acidibacter</i>, and <i>Talaromyces</i> were enriched by BOF-treatment, which may have contributed to the dissolution of soil minerals (esp., AFe) and watermelon quality. Overall, our findings revealed a significant role of bio-organic fertilizers in improving soil minerals and crop quality through modulating key soil microbial clusters (e.g., stability and symbiont abundances).</p>","PeriodicalId":9210,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Fertility of Soils","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143020843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can potato cropping be made regenerative? Cover crops and dead organic mulch support soil microbial activity","authors":"Deborah Henzel, Stephan M. Junge, Rainer G. Joergensen, Maria R. Finckh","doi":"10.1007/s00374-024-01887-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-024-01887-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To address the decline in soil organic matter and thus soil life and soil health due to intensive tillage in organic potato production, innovative regenerative farming approaches employ cover crops and transferred dead organic mulch to improve plant nutrition, minimize soil disturbance, and foster soil microbial activity. Starting in 2019 to 2021, three organic two-year field experiments were set up in a field that had been converted to non-inversion tillage since 2015, to investigate the effects of cover cropping before and organic dead mulch application to potatoes compared to weedy fallow and N-fertilization with hair meal pellets as controls. For every experiment, microbial biomass carbon (MBC), basal respiration, and fungal ergosterol were examined, starting with the cover crop in fall before potatoes until the spring in the crop succeeding potatoes. In all three experiments, initial effects on soil microbial activity depended on the incorporated biomass with no differences between vetch-triticale as a cover crop or a weedy fallow. During potato cropping, however, especially the incorporation of the vetch-triticale cover crop combined with the application of grass-clover mulch resulted in increased MBC, basal respiration and ergosterol. After potato cropping, basal respiration and ergosterol were increased in plots with weedy fallow before and mulched with grass-clover during potatoes pointing to a slower and overall more fungal based mulch degradation at that time in those plots. These results underscore the potential of regenerative practices to enhance soil microbiology during potato cultivation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9210,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Fertility of Soils","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142992764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The rhizosphere bacteriome is modified by wheat genotype and growth stage under increased imidazolinone herbicide residues","authors":"Bernard B. Dzoma, Yi Zhou, Nigel Wilhelm, Matthew Denton","doi":"10.1007/s00374-025-01890-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-025-01890-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>When imidazolinone herbicides persist longer than intended and remain active in the soil, they can have unknown impacts on soil health. This study investigated the impact of simulated soil residues of an imidazolinone herbicide on shoot dry matter and bacterial communities in the bulk and rhizosphere soil in tolerant and susceptible wheat genotypes, at two different crop growth stages. Four levels of gradient increased herbicide residues were applied, and rhizosphere bacterial diversity and community composition were analysed using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Our results highlight that the shift in wheat rhizosphere bacteriome is driven more by the crop growth stage and wheat genotype than the presence and level of imidazolinone residues. Results showed a linear trend of increasing alpha diversity with increasing herbicide residues during the early crop growth stage, and a decrease in alpha diversity with increasing herbicide residues during the late crop growth stage, only for the tolerant genotype. The order Betaproteobacteriales in the rhizosphere was increased by herbicide residues to a greater extent than the other taxonomic groups. During the early growth stage, there were more ASV (amplicon sequence variant) enriched by imidazolinone herbicide residues in the rhizosphere of the tolerant genotype compared with the susceptible genotype. Future research work should consider studies with soils that have different physicochemical properties, and focus on other soil microbes of known significance to nutrient cycling and crop growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":9210,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Fertility of Soils","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142988965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biochar-based controlled-release fertilizers for enhancing plant growth and environmental sustainability: a review","authors":"Kumuduni Niroshika Palansooriya, Pavani Dulanja Dissanayake, Ali El-Naggar, Erandi Gayesha, Hasintha Wijesekara, Nageshwari Krishnamoorthy, Yanjiang Cai, Scott X. Chang","doi":"10.1007/s00374-025-01888-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-025-01888-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Pursuing sustainable agricultural production necessitates innovative approaches to enhance nutrient use efficiency and mitigate the environmental impact of fertilizer use in cropping systems. Biochar-based controlled-release fertilizers (BCRFs) have emerged as a promising solution to address these challenges. This paper reviews BCRF production methods, nutrient retention mechanisms, and effects on plant growth and the environment compared with conventional fertilizers. Various techniques have been used to improve the fertilizer efficiency of BCRFs, including impregnation, coating, granulation, co-pyrolysis, hydrothermal synthesis, and in-situ pyrolysis, each offering unique advantages in controlling nutrient release. BCRFs facilitate nutrient retention and gradual release, improving soil nutrient use efficiency. The BCRFs also improve soil structure and enhance microbial activities and root growth, thereby fostering resilient and productive crops. BCRFs have considerable potential for carbon sequestration, mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions, reduction in nutrient leaching and environmental impact, contributing to sustainable agricultural practices compared to the use of conventional fertilizers (e.g., synthetic or chemical fertilizers). However, attention is needed to address challenges concerning the economic feasibility, scalability, and regulatory frameworks associated with using BCRFs. BCRFs offer a promising pathway for improving nutrient management in agriculture; however, interdisciplinary efforts are needed to unlock their full potential in enhancing plant growth and environmental sustainability.</p>","PeriodicalId":9210,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Fertility of Soils","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142961772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eucommia ulmoides adapts to drought stress by recruiting rhizosphere microbes to upregulate specific functions","authors":"Chunbo Dong, Yongqiang Liu, Anrui Hu, Chenglong Li, Xueqian Zhang, Qiuyu Shao, Qingsong Ran, Xu Li, Yanfeng Han","doi":"10.1007/s00374-024-01886-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-024-01886-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Drought stress is a key factor limiting crop growth and production. Although a variety of crops can improve their survival and drought resistance as a result of interactions with their rhizosphere microbiota, the mechanisms related to plant–rhizosphere microbiota interactions under drought stress are not fully understood, especially regarding the mechanisms in habitats with droughts. Here, the molecular mechanisms involving the <i>E. ulmoides</i> rhizosphere microbiota in response to drought stress were systematically analyzed using pot experiments, metagenomic sequencing, and assessment of plant physiological indexes. The results showed that the composition and co-occurrence patterns of the <i>E. ulmoides</i> rhizosphere microbiota were altered under drought stress, and the phylogenetic diversity of the core microbes was increased. Moreover, Betaproteobacteria and Opitutae were significantly enriched in the rhizosphere and their relative abundances were significantly correlated with the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and soluble sugar (SS) in <i>E. ulmoides</i>. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) functional analysis showed that two-component system, biosynthesis of amino acids, ABC transporters, and ribosome became more abundant in the rhizosphere under drought stress, and were significantly correlated with SOD and SS levels. Similarly, genes encoding Carbohydrate Active Enzymes (CAZymes) activities that auxiliary activities and glycosyl transferases became more abundant and were significantly correlated with SOD and SS levels. In conclusion, the relative abundances of KEGG functions and CAZymes classes in the <i>E. ulmoides</i> rhizosphere microbiota were altered by enrichment of Betaproteobacteria and Opitutae, which in turn affected the host physiological indexes to improve the host’s adaptability to drought. These findings are of great significance for improving plant drought tolerance in order to increase sustainable crop production.</p>","PeriodicalId":9210,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Fertility of Soils","volume":"273 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142867068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant Growth-Promoting Yeasts (PGPYs) as a sustainable solution to mitigate salt-induced stress on zucchini plant growth","authors":"Chiara Ruspi, Debora Casagrande Pierantoni, Angela Conti, Roberto Scarponi, Laura Corte, Gianluigi Cardinali","doi":"10.1007/s00374-024-01885-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-024-01885-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Among the long-term sustainable solutions to mitigate saline stress on plants, the use of plant growth promoting microorganisms (PGP) is considered very promising. While most of the efforts have been devoted to the selection and use of bacterial PGPs, little has been proposed with yeast PGP (PGPYs). In this study, three PGPY strains belonging to <i>Naganishia uzbekistanensis</i>,<i> Papiliotrema terrestris</i> and <i>Solicoccozyma phenolica</i> were employed singularly and in a consortium to mitigate salt stress of zucchini (<i>Cucurbita pepo</i>). The results demonstrated that these yeasts, when applied to salt-amended soil, mitigated the growth inhibition caused by NaCl. Among the three species, <i>N. uzbekistanensis</i> and <i>P. terrestris</i> showed the most significant improvements in plant performance, with <i>N. uzbekistanensis</i> exhibiting hormetic effects under salt stress by improving root length and dry plant biomass. In general, the root system was the most affected part of the plants due to the presence of the yeasts. The entire rhizosphere bacterial microbiota was significantly influenced by the addition of PGPYs, while the mycobiota was dominated by the introduced yeasts. Metabolomic fingerprinting using FTIR revealed modifications in hemicellulose and silica content, indicating that PGPY inoculation impacts not only the plant but also the soil and rhizosphere microorganisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":9210,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Fertility of Soils","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142804530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Host genotype‑specific plant microbiome correlates with wheat disease resistance","authors":"Chuanfa Wu, Hongwei Liu, Luyao Lai, Zhechang Mei, Peng Cai, Haoqing Zhang, Jian Yang, Jianping Chen, Tida Ge","doi":"10.1007/s00374-024-01884-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-024-01884-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Disease-resistant wheat cultivars exhibited significantly lower infection rates in field conditions, associated with higher microbial diversity in key compartments such as the rhizosphere soil and phylloplane. Microbial community analysis revealed compartment-specific selection effects, with significant horizontal microbial transfers noted across plant tissues, suggesting a strong compartment-dependent selection from soil microbiomes. Further, resistant varieties were enriched of potential beneficial microbial taxa that contribute to plant health and disease resistance from seedling to adult stages. This was verified by rhizosphere microbiome transplantation experiment, where the inoculation of the rhizosphere microbiome of resistant cultivars suppressed pathogen infection and enhanced plant growth, indicating that wheat resistance to soil-borne virus disease depended on the interaction of the host with the microbial community around it. Our results also demonstrated that the microbial composition and network at the seedling stage predicted wheat health and pathogen susceptibility. Disease infection simplified the intra-kingdom networks and increased potentially beneficial taxa such as <i>Massilia</i>, <i>Bacillus</i>, and <i>Pseudomonas</i> within the microbiome. Overall, our findings provide novel insights into the microbial dynamics influenced by host traits and their implications for disease resistance and plant health, offering potential strategies for agricultural biocontrol and disease management.</p>","PeriodicalId":9210,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Fertility of Soils","volume":"121 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142797145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}