Biology and Fertility of Soils最新文献

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Soil carbon storage and accessibility drive microbial carbon use efficiency by regulating microbial diversity and key taxa in intercropping ecosystems 通过调节间作生态系统中的微生物多样性和关键类群,土壤碳储量和可获取性推动微生物碳利用效率的提高
IF 6.5 1区 农林科学
Biology and Fertility of Soils Pub Date : 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.1007/s00374-024-01804-1
Ziyu Yang, Qirui Zhu, Yuping Zhang, Pan Jiang, Yizhe Wang, Jiangchi Fei, Xiangmin Rong, Jianwei Peng, Xiaomeng Wei, Gongwen Luo
{"title":"Soil carbon storage and accessibility drive microbial carbon use efficiency by regulating microbial diversity and key taxa in intercropping ecosystems","authors":"Ziyu Yang, Qirui Zhu, Yuping Zhang, Pan Jiang, Yizhe Wang, Jiangchi Fei, Xiangmin Rong, Jianwei Peng, Xiaomeng Wei, Gongwen Luo","doi":"10.1007/s00374-024-01804-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-024-01804-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Intercropping is a powerful practice to alter the allocation of photosynthetic carbon (C) to belowground ecosystems via promotion of diversified plant communities. The feedback of soil C stability to intercropping is controlled by microbial C use efficiency (CUE). Despite its significance, there is currently insufficient evidence to decipher how soil microbial CUE reacts to intercropping. By combining a 10-year-long intercropping experiment with a substrate-independent <sup>18</sup>O-H<sub>2</sub>O labelling approach and high-throughput sequencing, we elucidated the performance of intercropping on soil C pool and microbial metabolic traits as well as their relationships with soil microbial communities. Compared with monoculture, maize intercropping with peanut and soybean significantly increased soil C storage, soil mineral-associated organic C (MAOC), soil dissolved organic (DOC), and soil microbial biomass (MBC) contents at maize four growth stages. Soil microbial CUE increased significantly, especially at maize flowering and mature stages, as a consequence of enhanced microbial growth and biomass turnover rate after maize intercropping with peanut and soybean. Soil C storage and accessibility indicators (e.g., MAOC, DOC, and MBC contents) could significantly predict the changes of soil microbial diversity and core taxa. Meanwhile, the beta-diversity (community composition) of soil bacteria, fungi, saprotroph and protists, as well as rare fungal taxa were positively correlated with soil microbial CUE, and these indicators showed a high prediction of the microbial CUE. Soil C storage and accessibility indicators directly and indirectly influenced soil microbial CUE by regulating microbial diversity and key taxa. Soil microbial diversity and core taxa directly and indirectly influenced microbial CUE by mediating microbial respiration, growth, biomass, and enzyme activity, which mediated by soil C storage and accessibility. These findings provide an evidence for the associations between microbial diversity, CUE, and soil C stability, highlighting the importance of intercropping-driven soil microbiome to enhance soil microbial CUE.</p>","PeriodicalId":9210,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Fertility of Soils","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140139415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
High soil moisture rather than drying-rewetting cycles reduces the effectiveness of nitrification inhibitors in mitigating N2O emissions 土壤湿度高而不是干燥-润湿循环会降低硝化抑制剂在减少一氧化二氮排放方面的效果
IF 6.5 1区 农林科学
Biology and Fertility of Soils Pub Date : 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.1007/s00374-024-01811-2
{"title":"High soil moisture rather than drying-rewetting cycles reduces the effectiveness of nitrification inhibitors in mitigating N2O emissions","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s00374-024-01811-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-024-01811-2","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> <p>Climate change has been intensifying soil drying and rewetting cycles, which can alter the soil microbiome structure and activity. Here we hypothesized that a soil drying-rewetting cycle enhances biodegradation and, hence, decreases the effectiveness of nitrification inhibitors (NIs). The effectiveness of DMPP (3,4-Dimethylpyrazole phosphate) and MP + TZ (3-Methylpyrazol and Triazol) was evaluated in 60-day incubation studies under a drying and rewetting cycle relative to constant low and high soil moisture conditions (40% and 80% water-holding capacity, WHC, respectively) in two different textured soils. The measurements included (i) daily and cumulative N<sub>2</sub>O-N emissions, (ii) soil NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>-N and NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>-N concentrations, and (iii) the composition of bacterial soil communities. Application of DMPP and MP + TZ reduced the overall N<sub>2</sub>O-N emissions under drying-rewetting (-45%), as well as under 40% WHC (-39%) and 80% WHC (-25%). DMPP retarded nitrification and decreased N<sub>2</sub>O-N release from the sandy and silt loam soils, while MP + TZ mitigated N<sub>2</sub>O-N production only from the silt loam soil. Unexpectedly, between days 30 and 60, N<sub>2</sub>O-N emissions from NI-treated soils increased by up to fivefold relative to the No-NI treatment in the silt loam soil at 80% WHC. Likewise, the relative abundance of the studied nitrifying bacteria indicated that the NIs had only short-term effectiveness in the silt loam soil. These results suggested that DMPP and MP + TZ might trigger high N<sub>2</sub>O-N release from fine-textured soil with constant high moisture after this short-term inhibitory effect. In conclusion, DMPP and MP + TZ effectively reduce N<sub>2</sub>O-N emissions under soil drying and rewetting.</p>","PeriodicalId":9210,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Fertility of Soils","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140139393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria increase maize phosphorus uptake from magnesium-enriched poultry manure biochar 磷酸盐溶解菌提高玉米对富含镁的家禽粪便生物炭中磷的吸收率
IF 6.5 1区 农林科学
Biology and Fertility of Soils Pub Date : 2024-03-12 DOI: 10.1007/s00374-024-01808-x
Aline do Amaral Leite, Arnon Afonso de Souza Cardoso, Rafael de Almeida Leite, Ana Maria Villarreal Barrera, Daniela Dourado Leal Queiroz, Thiago Costa Viana, Silvia Maria de Oliveira-Longatti, Carlos Alberto Silva, Fatima Maria de Souza Moreira, Johannes Lehmann, Leônidas Carrijo Azevedo Melo
{"title":"Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria increase maize phosphorus uptake from magnesium-enriched poultry manure biochar","authors":"Aline do Amaral Leite, Arnon Afonso de Souza Cardoso, Rafael de Almeida Leite, Ana Maria Villarreal Barrera, Daniela Dourado Leal Queiroz, Thiago Costa Viana, Silvia Maria de Oliveira-Longatti, Carlos Alberto Silva, Fatima Maria de Souza Moreira, Johannes Lehmann, Leônidas Carrijo Azevedo Melo","doi":"10.1007/s00374-024-01808-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-024-01808-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Manure-derived biochars have a fertilizer potential as pyrolysis concentrates non-volatile nutrients. The addition of magnesium (Mg) to poultry manure enhances its Mg/Ca ratio and could increase soluble P by phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB). Our objective was to assess the potential of PSB strains to solubilize P from both unenriched and Mg-enriched biochar and to evaluate the growth of maize in an Oxisol fertilized with biochar (100 mg kg<sup>−1</sup> total P) to satisfy plant P needs. We examined the strains: <i>Paraburkholderia fungorum</i> UFLA 04–155, <i>Pseudomonas anuradhapurensis</i> UFPI B5-8A, <i>Paenibacillus chondroitinus</i> UFLA 03–116, <i>Acinetobacter pittii</i> UFLA 03–09, and <i>Rhizobium tropici</i> CIAT 899. Biochar was made from poultry manure at temperatures of 350 °C, 500 °C, and 650 °C. Maize growth and P uptake were assessed in plants after 15 and 30 days under greenhouse conditions. The strain <i>P. anuradhapurensis</i> UFPI B5-8A significantly released more P from Mg-biochar (82% of the total P added) than from the unenriched biochar (74% of the total P added). Furthermore, this strain released tartaric and gluconic acids when mixed with the Mg-biochar, whereas malic acid was primarily exuded when applied to unenriched biochar. Similarly, <i>P. anuradhapurensis</i> UFPI B5-8A inoculation or Mg enrichment resulted in a 20% increase in P uptake by maize compared to unenriched biochar. Therefore, a synergistic approach using Mg-biochar and inoculation with PSB increases phosphate availability from poultry manure and maize P use efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":9210,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Fertility of Soils","volume":"2016 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140114395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A new incubation system to simultaneously measure n2 as well as n2o and co2 fluxes from plant-soil mesocosms 同时测量植物-土壤介观模型中的 n2 以及 n2o 和 co2 通量的新型培养系统
IF 6.5 1区 农林科学
Biology and Fertility of Soils Pub Date : 2024-03-12 DOI: 10.1007/s00374-024-01809-w
Irina Yankelzon, Georg Willibald, Michael Dannenmann, Francois Malique, Ulrike Ostler, Clemens Scheer, Klaus Butterbach-Bahl
{"title":"A new incubation system to simultaneously measure n2 as well as n2o and co2 fluxes from plant-soil mesocosms","authors":"Irina Yankelzon, Georg Willibald, Michael Dannenmann, Francois Malique, Ulrike Ostler, Clemens Scheer, Klaus Butterbach-Bahl","doi":"10.1007/s00374-024-01809-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-024-01809-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study presents a novel plant-soil mesocosm system designed for cultivating plants over periods ranging from days to weeks while continuously measuring fluxes of N<sub>2</sub>, N<sub>2</sub>O and CO<sub>2</sub>. For proof of concept, we conducted a 33-day incubation experiment using six soil mesocosms, with three containing germinated wheat plants and three left plant-free. To validate the magnitude of N<sub>2</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O fluxes, we used <sup>15</sup>N-enriched fertilizer and a <sup>15</sup>N mass balance approach. The system inherent leakage rate was about 55 µg N m<sup>− 2</sup> h<sup>− 1</sup> for N<sub>2</sub>, while N<sub>2</sub>O leakage rates were below the detection limit (&lt; 1 µg N m<sup>− 2</sup> h<sup>− 1</sup>). In our experiment, we found higher cumulative gaseous N<sub>2</sub> + N<sub>2</sub>O losses in sown soil (0.34 ± 0.02 g N m<sup>− 2</sup>) as compared to bare soil (0.23 ± 0.01 g N m<sup>− 2</sup>). N<sub>2</sub> fluxes accounted for approximately 94–96% of total gaseous N losses in both planted and unplanted mesocosms. N losses, as determined by the <sup>15</sup>N mass balance approach, were found to be 1.7 ± 0.5 g N m<sup>− 2</sup> for the sown soil and 1.7 ± 0.6 g N m<sup>− 2</sup> for the bare soil, indicating an inconsistency between the two assessment methods. Soil respiration rates were also higher in sown mesocosms, with cumulative soil and aboveground biomass CO<sub>2</sub> respiration reaching 4.8 ± 0.1 and 4.0 ± 0.1 g C m<sup>− 2</sup> over the 33-day incubation period, in sown and bare soil, respectively. Overall, this study measured the effect of wheat growth on soil denitrification, highlighting the sensitivity and utility of this advanced incubation system for such studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9210,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Fertility of Soils","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140123947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
How to adequately represent biological processes in modeling multifunctionality of arable soils 如何在耕地土壤多功能性建模中充分体现生物过程
IF 6.5 1区 农林科学
Biology and Fertility of Soils Pub Date : 2024-03-11 DOI: 10.1007/s00374-024-01802-3
H.-J. Vogel, W. Amelung, C. Baum, M. Bonkowski, S. Blagodatsky, R. Grosch, M. Herbst, R. Kiese, S. Koch, M. Kuhwald, S. König, P. Leinweber, B. Lennartz, C. W. Müller, H. Pagel, M. C. Rillig, J. Rüschhoff, D. Russell, A. Schnepf, S. Schulz, N. Siebers, D. Vetterlein, C. Wachendorf, U. Weller, U. Wollschläger
{"title":"How to adequately represent biological processes in modeling multifunctionality of arable soils","authors":"H.-J. Vogel, W. Amelung, C. Baum, M. Bonkowski, S. Blagodatsky, R. Grosch, M. Herbst, R. Kiese, S. Koch, M. Kuhwald, S. König, P. Leinweber, B. Lennartz, C. W. Müller, H. Pagel, M. C. Rillig, J. Rüschhoff, D. Russell, A. Schnepf, S. Schulz, N. Siebers, D. Vetterlein, C. Wachendorf, U. Weller, U. Wollschläger","doi":"10.1007/s00374-024-01802-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-024-01802-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Essential soil functions such as plant productivity, C storage, nutrient cycling and the storage and purification of water all depend on soil biological processes. Given this insight, it is remarkable that in modeling of these soil functions, the various biological actors usually do not play an explicit role. In this review and perspective paper we analyze the state of the art in modeling these soil functions and how biological processes could more adequately be accounted for. We do this for six different biologically driven processes clusters that are key for understanding soil functions, namely i) turnover of soil organic matter, ii) N cycling, iii) P dynamics, iv) biodegradation of contaminants v) plant disease control and vi) soil structure formation. A major conclusion is that the development of models to predict changes in soil functions at the scale of soil profiles (i.e. pedons) should be better rooted in the underlying biological processes that are known to a large extent. This is prerequisite to arrive at the predictive models that we urgently need under current conditions of Global Change.</p>","PeriodicalId":9210,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Fertility of Soils","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140096989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Grazing exclusion increases soil organic C through microbial necromass of root-derived C as traced by 13C labelling photosynthate 通过对光合产物进行 13C 标记追踪发现,放牧排斥通过微生物坏死根源 C 增加了土壤有机 C
IF 6.5 1区 农林科学
Biology and Fertility of Soils Pub Date : 2024-03-05 DOI: 10.1007/s00374-024-01807-y
Qing Qu, Lei Deng, Anna Gunina, Xuying Hai, Jun Deng, Zhouping Shangguan, Yakov Kuzyakov
{"title":"Grazing exclusion increases soil organic C through microbial necromass of root-derived C as traced by 13C labelling photosynthate","authors":"Qing Qu, Lei Deng, Anna Gunina, Xuying Hai, Jun Deng, Zhouping Shangguan, Yakov Kuzyakov","doi":"10.1007/s00374-024-01807-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-024-01807-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Grasslands store large amounts of C; however, the underlying mechanisms of soil C sequestration after grazing exclusion are not well known. This study aimed to elucidate the drivers of soil organic C (SOC) sequestration from plant and microbial residues in temperate grasslands after long-term (~ 40 years) grazing exclusion. We conducted in situ <sup>13</sup>C-CO<sub>2</sub> labelling experiments in the field and traced <sup>13</sup>C in plant-soil systems paired with biomarkers to assess the C input from plants into soils. Long-term grazing exclusion increased all plant and soil pools including shoots, roots, microbial biomass and necromass. <sup>13</sup>C allocation in these pools also increased, whereas <sup>13</sup>C was lost via respiration as CO<sub>2</sub> from soils decreased. <sup>13</sup>C incorporation into the soil and microbial biomass increased with <sup>13</sup>C allocation into the roots. Grazing exclusion for over 40 years increased the total SOC content by 190%, largely due to increases in fungal necromass C, and there was a minor contribution of lignin phenols to SOC accrual (0.8%). Consequently, grazing exclusion boosts not only aboveground biomass, but also larger roots and rhizodeposition, leading to microbial biomass and necromass formation. Microbial necromass and lignin phenols contribute to SOC accrual under grazing exclusion, and microbial necromass, especially fungal necromass, makes a larger contribution than lignin phenols.</p>","PeriodicalId":9210,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Fertility of Soils","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140032201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bacterial necromass determines the response of mineral-associated organic matter to elevated CO2 细菌坏死物决定矿物相关有机物对高浓度 CO2 的反应
IF 6.5 1区 农林科学
Biology and Fertility of Soils Pub Date : 2024-03-02 DOI: 10.1007/s00374-024-01803-2
Yuhong Li, Mouliang Xiao, Liang Wei, Qiong Liu, Zhenke Zhu, Hongzhao Yuan, Jinshui Wu, Jun Yuan, Xiaohong Wu, Yakov Kuzyakov, Tida Ge
{"title":"Bacterial necromass determines the response of mineral-associated organic matter to elevated CO2","authors":"Yuhong Li, Mouliang Xiao, Liang Wei, Qiong Liu, Zhenke Zhu, Hongzhao Yuan, Jinshui Wu, Jun Yuan, Xiaohong Wu, Yakov Kuzyakov, Tida Ge","doi":"10.1007/s00374-024-01803-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-024-01803-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Microorganisms regulate soil organic matter (SOM) formation through accumulation and decomposition of microbial necromass, which is directly and indirectly affected by elevated CO<sub>2</sub> and N fertilization. We investigated the role of microorganisms in SOM formation by analyzing <sup>13</sup>C recovery in microorganisms and carbon pools in paddy soil under two CO<sub>2</sub> levels, with and without N fertilization, after continuous <sup>13</sup>CO<sub>2</sub> labelling was stopped. Microbial turnover transferred <sup>13</sup>C from living microbial biomass (determined by the decrease in phospholipid fatty acids) to necromass (determined by the increase in amino sugars). <sup>13</sup>C incorporation in fungal living biomass and necromass was higher than that in bacteria. Bacterial turnover was faster than necromass decomposition, resulting in net necromass accumulation over time; fungal necromass remained stable. Elevated CO<sub>2</sub> and N fertilization increased the net accumulation of bacterial, but not fungal, necromass. CO<sub>2</sub> levels, but not N fertilization, significantly affected <sup>13</sup>C incorporation in SOM pools. Elevated CO<sub>2</sub> increased <sup>13</sup>C in particulate organic matter via the roots, and in the mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) via bacterial, but not fungal, necromass. Overall, bacterial necromass plays a dominant role in the MAOM formation response to elevated CO<sub>2</sub> because bacteria are sensitive to elevated CO<sub>2</sub>.</p>","PeriodicalId":9210,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Fertility of Soils","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140016580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pyrolysis temperature affects biochar suitability as an alternative rhizobial carrier 热解温度影响生物炭作为替代根瘤菌载体的适用性
IF 6.5 1区 农林科学
Biology and Fertility of Soils Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.1007/s00374-024-01805-0
{"title":"Pyrolysis temperature affects biochar suitability as an alternative rhizobial carrier","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s00374-024-01805-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-024-01805-0","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> <p>Biochars produced from different feedstocks and at different pyrolysis temperatures may have various chemical and physical properties, affecting their potential use as alternative microbial carrier materials. In this study, biochars were produced from pine wood and oak feedstocks at various temperatures (400°C, 500°C, 600°C, 700°C and 800°C), characterized, and assessed for their potential as carriers for <em>Bradyrhizobium japonicum</em> (CB1809) strain. The biochars were then stored at two different storage temperatures (28°C and 38°C) for up to 90 days. Furthermore, the study also explored the role of potentially ideal carriers as inoculants in the growth of <em>Glycine max L.</em> (soybean) under different moisture levels i.e., 55% water holding capacity (WHC) (D0), 30% WHC (D1) and, 15% WHC (D2) using a mixture of 50% garden soil and 50% sand. The results were compared to a control group (without inoculants) and a peat inoculant. Among all the materials derived from pine wood and oak, pine wood biochar pyrolyzed at 400℃ (P-BC400) exhibited the highest CFU count, with values of 10.34 and 9.74 Log 10 CFU g<sup>− 1</sup> after 90 days of storage at 28℃ and 38℃, respectively. This was notably higher compared to other biochars and peat carriers. Significant (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) increases in plant properties: shoot and root dry biomass (174% and 367%), shoot and root length (89% and 85%), number of leaves (71%), membrane stability index (27%), relative water content (26%), and total chlorophyll (140%) were observed in plants treated with P-BC400 carrier inoculant compared to the control at D2; however, lower enrichment of δ<sup>13</sup>C (37%) and δ<sup>15</sup>N (108%) with highest number of root nodules (8.3 ± 1.26) and nitrogenase activity (0.869 ± 0.04) were observed under D2, as evident through PCA analysis, showing more nitrogen (N) fixation and photosynthetic activity. Overall, this experiment concluded that biochar pyrolyzed at lower temperatures, especially P-BC400, was the most suitable candidate for rhizobial inoculum and promoted soybean growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":9210,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Fertility of Soils","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139994314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lysimeter-based full fertilizer 15N balances corroborate direct dinitrogen emission measurements using the 15N gas flow method 基于溶度计的全肥料 15N 平衡证实了使用 15N 气体流量法进行的直接二氮排放测量结果
IF 6.5 1区 农林科学
Biology and Fertility of Soils Pub Date : 2024-02-24 DOI: 10.1007/s00374-024-01801-4
Irina Yankelzon, Lexie Schilling, Klaus Butterbach-Bahl, Rainer Gasche, Jincheng Han, Lorenz Hartl, Julia Kepp, Amanda Matson, Ulrike Ostler, Clemens Scheer, Katrin Schneider, Arne Tenspolde, Reinhard Well, Benjamin Wolf, Nicole Wrage-Moennig, Michael Dannenmann
{"title":"Lysimeter-based full fertilizer 15N balances corroborate direct dinitrogen emission measurements using the 15N gas flow method","authors":"Irina Yankelzon, Lexie Schilling, Klaus Butterbach-Bahl, Rainer Gasche, Jincheng Han, Lorenz Hartl, Julia Kepp, Amanda Matson, Ulrike Ostler, Clemens Scheer, Katrin Schneider, Arne Tenspolde, Reinhard Well, Benjamin Wolf, Nicole Wrage-Moennig, Michael Dannenmann","doi":"10.1007/s00374-024-01801-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-024-01801-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The <sup>15</sup>N gas flux (<sup>15</sup>NGF) method allows for direct in situ quantification of dinitrogen (N<sub>2</sub>) emissions from soils, but a successful cross-comparison with another method is missing. The objectives of this study were to quantify N<sub>2</sub> emissions of a wheat rotation using the <sup>15</sup>NGF method, to compare these N<sub>2</sub> emissions with those obtained from a lysimeter-based <sup>15</sup>N fertilizer mass balance approach, and to contextualize N<sub>2</sub> emissions with <sup>15</sup>N enrichment of N<sub>2</sub> in soil air. For four sampling periods, fertilizer-derived N<sub>2</sub> losses (<sup>15</sup>NGF method) were similar to unaccounted fertilizer N fates as obtained from the <sup>15</sup>N mass balance approach. Total N<sub>2</sub> emissions (<sup>15</sup>NGF method) amounted to 21 ± 3 kg N ha<sup>− 1</sup>, with 13 ± 2 kg N ha<sup>− 1</sup> (7.5% of applied fertilizer N) originating from fertilizer. In comparison, the <sup>15</sup>N mass balance approach overall indicated fertilizer-derived N<sub>2</sub> emissions of 11%, equivalent to 18 ± 13 kg N ha<sup>− 1</sup>. Nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) emissions were small (0.15 ± 0.01 kg N ha<sup>− 1</sup> or 0.1% of fertilizer N), resulting in a large mean N<sub>2</sub>:(N<sub>2</sub>O + N<sub>2</sub>) ratio of 0.94 ± 0.06. Due to the applied drip fertigation, ammonia emissions accounted for &lt; 1% of fertilizer-N, while N leaching was negligible. The temporal variability of N<sub>2</sub> emissions was well explained by the δ<sup>15</sup>N<sub>2</sub> in soil air down to 50 cm depth. We conclude the <sup>15</sup>NGF method provides realistic estimates of field N<sub>2</sub> emissions and should be more widely used to better understand soil N<sub>2</sub> losses. Moreover, combining soil air δ<sup>15</sup>N<sub>2</sub> measurements with diffusion modeling might be an alternative approach for constraining soil N<sub>2</sub> emissions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9210,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Fertility of Soils","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139943193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Phosphorus (P) mobilisation from inorganic and organic P sources depends on P-acquisition strategies in dioecious Populus euphratica 雌雄异株杨树从无机和有机磷源调动磷取决于磷获取策略
IF 6.5 1区 农林科学
Biology and Fertility of Soils Pub Date : 2024-02-17 DOI: 10.1007/s00374-024-01799-9
Kaimin Lan, Yijin Li, Yiwei Shuai, Juntuan Zhai, Qingxu Ma, Yakov Kuzyakov, Miao Liu
{"title":"Phosphorus (P) mobilisation from inorganic and organic P sources depends on P-acquisition strategies in dioecious Populus euphratica","authors":"Kaimin Lan, Yijin Li, Yiwei Shuai, Juntuan Zhai, Qingxu Ma, Yakov Kuzyakov, Miao Liu","doi":"10.1007/s00374-024-01799-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-024-01799-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Dioecious species have secondary trait dimorphism in resource acquisition, allocation, and a skewed sex ratio. Yet, it is unclear how their sex-specific nutrient acquisition strategy affects the contributions of inorganic and organic phosphorus (P) soil pools to plant-available P. Here, the contribution of inorganic and organic P sources to available P in soil and sex-specific P acquisition during the whole growing season (from June to October) was assessed in a 20-year-old <i>Populus euphratica</i> plantation via analysing the transformation of soil P pools. Poplar females obtain available inorganic P by increasing specific root length (by 71% compared with males) and releasing organic acids to mobilise P from precipitated P (HCl-P), thus obtaining higher P than males during the mid-growing season (June). The increased mobilisation of moderately precipitated P in the rhizosphere was more significant in females during the whole growing season. During the late-growing season, males showed increased alkaline phosphatase activities (by 25% compared with females) and maintained a higher abundance of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi to obtain P via higher consumption of organic and residual P (decreased by 68% and 24% from June to October). These changes in P acquisition strategies reflect the temporal niche differentiation: females acquire inorganic P mainly during the beginning and middle of the season, whereas males take up organic P and HCl-P, preferably in the second half of the season. The strategic adjustment of sex-specific P acquisition modulated the transformation of organic and inorganic P sources in soil towards plant-available P, increasing resource niche partitioning between two poplar sexes to maintain P supply.</p>","PeriodicalId":9210,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Fertility of Soils","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139898791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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