Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences最新文献_第7页

A review on the radiological protection materiality in environmental sustainability reports 环境可持续性报告中辐射防护重要性的综述

Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-23 DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2160

M. C. Tessari-Zampieri, A. Santiago, Renan N. Lopes, M. Cotrim, M. Scapin

{"title":"A review on the radiological protection materiality in environmental sustainability reports","authors":"M. C. Tessari-Zampieri, A. Santiago, Renan N. Lopes, M. Cotrim, M. Scapin","doi":"10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2160","url":null,"abstract":"Materiality should be used as a strategic business tool, with implications beyond social, economic, and environmental responsibility in sustainability reporting. Organizations can benefit by incorporate materiality into their existing economic processes, creating a broader approach and ensuring strategies with significant social and environmental topics. This provides stakeholder engagement; prioritizes financial resources for sustainability; develops new business; identifies climate change issues; among others. In this context, aim this study was to present a review the materiality related to radiologic protection in organizational sustainability reports. The results show that radiologic protection is considered in several topics in the organizational sustainability reports evaluated, represented from issues occupational health and safety, environmental assessment suppliers, environmental compliance, local communities, and waste management. It was concluded that, in preparing the materiality matrix, it is necessary to have the methods defined advance to grant them to be reproduced and periodically reviewed. This will allow to demonstrate the sustainability evolution and its alignment with the organizations' strategies.","PeriodicalId":9203,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80392699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Determination of steel and lead bi-laminated shielding for military vehicles 军用车辆用钢和铅双层层压屏蔽的测定

Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-23 DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2151

Ary Machado de Azevedo, D. O. Cardoso, M. P. Medeiros, S. Gavazza, R. K. Morales

{"title":"Determination of steel and lead bi-laminated shielding for military vehicles","authors":"Ary Machado de Azevedo, D. O. Cardoso, M. P. Medeiros, S. Gavazza, R. K. Morales","doi":"10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2151","url":null,"abstract":"In the present work, the transmission factors of γ-rays are determined in bi-layered shields composed of lead and steel, through a methodology composed of three distinct parts. The buildup calculation was performed using the methodology published by Broder in 1962 [1]. A computational simulation was used through a spherical model, a total of three concentric spheres were simulated, with the source in the center of the spheres. The first sphere represents the lead shield and its radius is represented by the thickness of this material. The second sphere represents the steel shield and its radius is the sum of the thicknesses of the shielding. The third sphere is the vacuum that will determine the number of photons that will pass. To verify if the analytical methodology can be used to calculate the transmission factor of the proposed shield, laboratory experiments were performed with the BGO (Bismuth Germanate) detector. Measurements were only made with the thickness of steel, and with 15 different thicknesses of lead, ranging from 0.11 cm to 2.01 cm, while keeping the steel thickness. Three different thicknesses of steel were used: 0.65 cm, 0.85 cm and 1.40 cm. The work is relevant in the field of radiological and nuclear defense, considering the application of this shield in military vehicles, and the efficiency of the proposed analytical methodology was demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":9203,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83243944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Technical specialization in Nuclear Medicine: an analysis of courses in Brazil and a proposal for a basic curriculum 核医学技术专业化:对巴西课程的分析和关于基本课程的建议

Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-22 DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2136

M. Clavery, Fernando Barcellos Razuck

{"title":"Technical specialization in Nuclear Medicine: an analysis of courses in Brazil and a proposal for a basic curriculum","authors":"M. Clavery, Fernando Barcellos Razuck","doi":"10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2136","url":null,"abstract":"Nuclear Medicine (NM) is a medical specialty that, through non-invasive methods, uses radioactive materials for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. According to Standard NN 3.05 of the Brazilian National Nuclear Energy Commission (CNEN), a Nuclear Medicine System (NMS) must be composed of, at least, a Holder, a Nuclear Physician, a Radiation Protection Supervisor and higher and mid-level professionals, duly qualified for the performance of their duties, which may be exercised, in this case, by a radiology technician. Thus, in 2009, the National Council of Radiology Technicians (CONTER) granted a period of 5 (five) years for radiology technicians who work in the NM and Radiotherapy specialties to specialize in their areas of expertise, a period that was extended for another 5 (five) years. In this sense, this paper aims to carry out a survey of the Technical Specialization courses in NM offered in Brazil, considering that almost 10 years have passed since the CONTER Resolution No. 17, of 2014, verifying aspects such as structure and workload, based on the requirements of the Ministry of Education (MEC), in order to suggest a core curriculum for courses in NM. It was found that, with the legal requirement of this training, these courses began to be offered, but in a reduced number and only in some regions of Brazil, despite the existence of courses in the distance modality. It is understood, therefore, that an expansion of courses in the area is necessary, in view of the relevance of the service for NM.","PeriodicalId":9203,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91149357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

X-ray fluorescence spectrometry: An alternative technique for analysis of waste x射线荧光光谱法:废物分析的一种替代技术

Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-22 DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2144

M. Scapin, M. C. Tessari-Zampieri, S. Guilhen, M. Cotrim

引用次数: 0

X-ray spectrometry applied for determination of linear attenuation coefficient of polymer-based samples as radiologically tissue-equivalent materials 应用x射线光谱法测定作为放射学组织等效材料的聚合物基样品线性衰减系数

Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-08 DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2166

Gisell Ruiz Boiset, Renne Rodrigues Rosinelli, G. Freire, Raissa Aline Santos Moura, Raphael Moratta, E. Yoshimura, P. Costa

{"title":"X-ray spectrometry applied for determination of linear attenuation coefficient of polymer-based samples as radiologically tissue-equivalent materials","authors":"Gisell Ruiz Boiset, Renne Rodrigues Rosinelli, G. Freire, Raissa Aline Santos Moura, Raphael Moratta, E. Yoshimura, P. Costa","doi":"10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2166","url":null,"abstract":"In this work we obtained experimental linear attenuation coefficients of polymer-based samples at diagnostic imaging energy range (15-150 keV) for eleven formulations candidates for tissue-equivalent materials (TEMs). TEMs is any material that simulates a human body part or human tissue in its interaction with radiation. In diagnostic radiology, the maximum difference between the linear attenuation coefficient of the TEMs and the target material should be no more than 5% in the energy range of interest. A polienergetic narrow beam was obtained using a tungsten target x-ray tube and CdTe detector. The densities of the samples were determined and compared with reference materials obtaining a maximum difference of 17%. The comparisons between the linear attenuation coefficient of the formulations and the respective reference materials for which they were initially designed, has demonstrated good correspondence over a wide energy range. Energy ranges in which the developed samples simulate other human tissues in addition to those initially considered were found, taken into account the criterion that the maximum difference between the linear attenuation coefficients does not exceed 5% is met. The results emphasize the possibility of production and characterization of TEMs to be used in the construction of imaging and dosimetry phantoms.","PeriodicalId":9203,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87980767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact on dosimetry of occupationally exposed individuals on the patient management for PET/MRI studies: a comparison study with dosimetry on PET/CT 职业暴露个体剂量测定对PET/MRI研究患者管理的影响:与PET/CT剂量测定的比较研究

Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-08 DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2154

E. Itikawa, H. S. Videira, Uysha de Souza-Fonda, Priscila Soares Pires, R. Mondin, Ivani Bortoleti, M. Guimarães, C. Buchpiguel

{"title":"Impact on dosimetry of occupationally exposed individuals on the patient management for PET/MRI studies: a comparison study with dosimetry on PET/CT","authors":"E. Itikawa, H. S. Videira, Uysha de Souza-Fonda, Priscila Soares Pires, R. Mondin, Ivani Bortoleti, M. Guimarães, C. Buchpiguel","doi":"10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2154","url":null,"abstract":"PET/MRI technology has expanded the boundaries of investigation in nuclear medicine, supported by the high sensitivity of solid-state PET detectors. Nonetheless, the coil positioning might lead to an increased exposure period of the worker to the injected patient. This procedure does not occur on PET/CT and, therefore, exposure period is reduced on such scanner. The aim of our study was to evaluate the dosimetry of two occupationally exposed individuals (OEI) working at the Center of Nuclear Medicine of Hospital das Clínicas of the University of Sao Paulo. We used thermoluminescent (TLD) dosimeters in pulse, whole-body and crystalline for PET/MRI and PET/CT procedures during five months of clinical and research routine. We also monitored the time for positioning/removing the patient on both scanners. For this study, OEI1 performed 76 PET/MRI studies and 102 PET/CT studies while OEI2 performed 26 and 56 PET/MRI and PET/CT studies, respectively. We found no evidence of differences for the whole-body dose values between both scanners (p = 0.22). The average time of patient management (positioning/removing the patient) was 14.38, and 3.81 minutes for PET/MRI and PET/CT, respectively. When the normalization by the number of PET/CT studies was applied, we found no statistical difference for effective and equivalent dose values. Our study encourages future investigations on nursing staff, which is a critical population that is exposed to ionizing radiation, mainly on dynamic studies, due to the synchronized injection with the protocol starting.","PeriodicalId":9203,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84832141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Cs-137 radiological accident in Goiânia, Brazil: Conditions and results of the airborne radiometric survey 巴西goi<e:1>尼亚的铯-137放射性事故:机载辐射测量的条件和结果

Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-03 DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2231

P. M. Barretto, E. Fonseca

{"title":"The Cs-137 radiological accident in Goiânia, Brazil: Conditions and results of the airborne radiometric survey","authors":"P. M. Barretto, E. Fonseca","doi":"10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2231","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the details of the aeroradiometric operations, the radiation detection system used and discusses the results. The low-altitude survey was carried out over Goiânia a few days after information of the accident was received by the national competent authority, the Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission (CNEN). Given the little information at the time of the accident and the urgency to respond to the local and federal authorities, an aerial radiometric survey was proposed to evaluate the extent of the contamination and dispersion of the radioactive powder. The city's entire urban area and nearby dwellings centers, plus the two creeks crossing the city were surveyed in two days. The survey found only one additional contamination point 2.8 x 10-4 C/kg/h (1.1 R/h) that had not yet been identified by ground survey crews. Furthermore, no contamination was found along the margins of the Capim Puba Creek and Meia Ponte rivers which could be contaminated due to rainwater common at that time of the year. Detection tests conducted at different altitudes over the main contamination area showed that the Cs-137 gamma radiation could be detected even at altitudes of 350m above the ground. This was much higher than the 40 m - 70 m decided for the overflights. The survey demonstrated that the contamination was restricted to a few locations in the neighborhood of the metal scrap place where the source shield was broken. These locations were under the control of CNEN radiological emergency response personnel. Such a finding was an important indicator to calm down the population and the government authorities. This allowed concentrating attention on the remediation of the known points of high gamma activity.","PeriodicalId":9203,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90325516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Regulation and Supervision of Food Irradiation 食物辐照的规管及监察

Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-02 DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2170

Mariana Alonso Natividade, T. Alonso, A. Z. Mesquita

{"title":"Regulation and Supervision of Food Irradiation","authors":"Mariana Alonso Natividade, T. Alonso, A. Z. Mesquita","doi":"10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2170","url":null,"abstract":"Food irradiation consists of a physical process that subjects food to doses of ionizing radiation, which are high enough energy to eliminate or neutralize harmful microbial contaminants without changing the taste or texture of food and without leaving residues. With this irradiation process we can prevent diseases transmitted by food, such as Salmonella and Escherichia coli, prolong the shelf life of foods, control pests that harm fruits by delaying germination and ripening, and finally sterilization, which allows their storage for years without refrigeration. The use of ionizing radiation for food preservation has been studied for several decades and is regulated in the USA by the Food and Drug Administration –FDA. In 1997, the World Health Organization - WHO released the use of the technique for all types of food. In Brazil, the first studies on food irradiation were carried out by the Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture - Cena, in the 50's. Currently, Brazilian legislation follows the international recommendations suggested by the Food and Agriculture Organization - FAO, the International Atomic Energy Agency - IAEA and Codex Alimentarius. The scope of this work is a survey, analysis and evolution of national and international legislation related to ionizing irradiation practices in food. For the preparation of this research, bibliographical reviews were carried out, consultations in Brazilian and international legislation, Internet sites, and in the documentation of the Gamma Irradiation Laboratory of the Nuclear Technology Development Center - CDTN","PeriodicalId":9203,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84057219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development and Proposal of an Institutional Safety Program in the Operation of Laser Systems 激光系统运行中的机构安全计划的发展和建议

Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-02 DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2139

Vagner Resende, Alex Cunha, Arandi Ginane Bezerra Junior, A. Malthez

{"title":"Development and Proposal of an Institutional Safety Program in the Operation of Laser Systems","authors":"Vagner Resende, Alex Cunha, Arandi Ginane Bezerra Junior, A. Malthez","doi":"10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2139","url":null,"abstract":"Laser radiation can cause undesirable biological effects on living beings; although it is not ionizing, this type of radiation can cause burns to the skin and cornea, even cataracts, depending on the wavelength and intensity of the laser radiation. Due to the wide growth of laser applications in several areas, such as research and development, services, and industry, the occupational risks concerning this non-ionizing radiation have increased considerably worldwide. Several countries have normative documents and regulatory bodies or agencies that approach occupational safety and quality regarding laser application, equipment, and machines. In Brazil, there is a lacking of laser safety documents published by a national regulatory council. Therefore, large technological centers and educational institutions, such as SENAI Institute for Innovation in Laser Manufacturing and Processing Systems (ISI-Joinville) and the Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), do not have an institutional safety program for laser operations, and to adapt to the most modern international recommendations they look for international documents and models from other institutions. The main objective of this work was to develop and propose an institutional program following Brazilian regulatory documents from the Ministry of Labor and Social Security and the most modern international standard about laser safety from the American National Standards Institute (ANSI-Z 136-1: 2014). The developed safety program was applied to ISI-Joinville, but a model was adapted to be implemented at any research center and university.","PeriodicalId":9203,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77338622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Radiometric survey with Remotely Piloted Land Vehicle in Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Defense operations 在化学、生物、放射和核防御行动中使用遥控陆地车辆进行辐射测量

Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2184

A. D. Azevedo, J. Gonçalves, A. P. Salazar, D. O. Cardoso, P. V. Gonzales, V. A. V. Ferreira, W. V. Nunes

引用次数: 0