Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences最新文献_第8页

Analysis of repeated computed tomography scans and cumulative effective dose of patients in a hospital 某医院患者重复计算机断层扫描与累积有效剂量分析

Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2241

Ana Luiza Milani, A. F. Alves, Matheus Alvarez, S. P. Souza, Túlio Guilherme Soares Marques, Marcos Aureliano Araújo Silva, J. T. Trindade Filho, Diana Rodrigues Pina

{"title":"Analysis of repeated computed tomography scans and cumulative effective dose of patients in a hospital","authors":"Ana Luiza Milani, A. F. Alves, Matheus Alvarez, S. P. Souza, Túlio Guilherme Soares Marques, Marcos Aureliano Araújo Silva, J. T. Trindade Filho, Diana Rodrigues Pina","doi":"10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2241","url":null,"abstract":"Computed tomography exams are considered diagnostic imaging exams that generate significant radiation dose to the patient. Justification, optimization, and dose limitation are radiological protection principles used to minimize patient and staff exposure, ensuring the quality of the service provided. The objective of this study was to analyze CT scan data, analyzing the number of exams, the patients' effective cumulated dose, and the repeatability of the exams. The study data covers the 2013 to 2022 period during which a progressive increase was observed in the number of exams performed over time, with exams doubling in this period. The most used Computed Tomography protocols were brain/skull (27.4%), pelvis (17.3%), and abdomen (13.7%) during the study period. Approximately 76.3% of patients have a cumulative dose of less than 25 mSv, while about 1% accumulated more than 100 mSv. The repeatability of CT scans for the same patient over a short period varies, reaching until 17 scans in 30 days for a single patient. The results indicated a necessity to develop strategies for individual dose management methods for the institution’s internal practices. An intervention could be implemented by creating periodically updated handouts and guidelines based on professionals' knowledge.","PeriodicalId":9203,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85918917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[18F]FDG/PET: a non-invasive technique for the study of stroke in murine and rat models [18]FDG/PET:一种无创脑卒中研究方法

Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-13 DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2240

B. G. A. Schirmer, E. V. Santos, J. M. Pereira, N. V. S. Cardoso, R. D. B. Dias de Brito Oliveira, C. Malamut

{"title":"[18F]FDG/PET: a non-invasive technique for the study of stroke in murine and rat models","authors":"B. G. A. Schirmer, E. V. Santos, J. M. Pereira, N. V. S. Cardoso, R. D. B. Dias de Brito Oliveira, C. Malamut","doi":"10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2240","url":null,"abstract":"The use of mouse and rat models in conjunction with anatomic functional imaging techniques has directly contributed to expanding knowledge about the complex pathophysiology of stroke. Therefore, this study aims to identify the most relevant mouse and rat models of stroke and how [18F]FDG/PET can contribute to this pathology study. A narrative review of the literature was performed to describe applications of positron emission tomography in conjunction with the radiopharmaceutical [18F]FDG in stroke models. PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for relevant articles published between 2015 and 2022. In this study, we describe applications of positron emission tomography in combination with the radiopharmaceutical [18F]FDG in mouse and rat stroke models. The most commonly used model was middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats. This study demonstrates that using murine and rat models in conjunction with anatomic functional imaging techniques has directly contributed to expanding knowledge about the complex pathophysiology of stroke. In addition, they have been essential for studies aimed at discovering and developing therapeutic and prophylactic strategies for the disease.","PeriodicalId":9203,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83289110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Effectiveness of polymeric gloves in radioprotection against contamination in nuclear medicine 高分子手套在核医学中防辐射污染的有效性

Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-11 DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2187

{"title":"Effectiveness of polymeric gloves in radioprotection against contamination in nuclear medicine","authors":"","doi":"10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2187","url":null,"abstract":"When handling unsealed radioactive sources, radiological protection attention must be taken to avoid unnecessary exposure and radioactive contaminations, and an important and necessary practice to prevent such contaminations is the use of gloves when handling these sources. The present work aimed to determine the effectiveness of contamination protection provided by different types of disposable polymeric gloves used in Nuclear Medicine Service in Clinic Hospital of Porto Alegre, testing the main radiopharmaceuticals used at this site: [99mTc]sodium pertechnetate, [18F]FDG and [131I]sodium iodide. The analysis was performed using the wipe test inside gloves intentionally contaminated on the outside with these radiopharmaceuticals. The radiation detector used to measure the contamination was a NaI(Tl) scintillator well-type counter. The results indicate that three types of gloves analyzed protect the user from [99mTc]sodium pertechnetate and [18F]FDG contamination, for permanence times with the glove after contamination for up to 15 min (interval tested). For [131I]sodium iodide, gloves are completely effective in protection as long as they are used for a time interval after contamination of the external surface of up to: Latex – 5 min; Vinyl – 5 min; Nitrile – 10 min. Among them, the nitrile glove are the most effective, since contamination was not observed on the inner face for times equal to or less than 10 min; and, for an interval of 15 min, the percentage of permeation obtained was lower than the other two types: 3.3 times lower than vinyl glove permeation and 1.3 times lower of the latex glove permeation. It was also possible to estimate the skin dose rate due to contamination caused by iodine permeation for each glove case and time tested.","PeriodicalId":9203,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79980845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessment of the environmental radiological impact in the emergency exposure phase through the simulation of a uranium mining tailings dam breach 模拟铀矿尾矿坝溃坝应急暴露阶段环境辐射影响评价

Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2228

R. Lamour, M. Wasserman, E. Rochedo, J. Lugon Junior

{"title":"Assessment of the environmental radiological impact in the emergency exposure phase through the simulation of a uranium mining tailings dam breach","authors":"R. Lamour, M. Wasserman, E. Rochedo, J. Lugon Junior","doi":"10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2228","url":null,"abstract":"This work is aiming at estimating the radiation doses to members of the public in case of an emergency exposure situation related to a hypothetical uranium mining tailings dam rupture at the UDC - Decommissioning Unit of Caldas, MG, Brazil. The calculations will help to managing the exposures of emergency workers and residents in the region downstream the dam. The computer code chosen to perform the simulations was FLO-2D@ software. Due to the uncertainties involved, mainly regarding the waste rheology and activity concentrations and in parameters values to be used in the dose assessment, considerations were made for the study to present results derived from conservative assumptions. Through the creation of flood maps, it was possible to estimate the extent of the areas affected by the released materials. The results showed that in a scenario of the tailings dam breach, deposition of mud shall extend over 20 km downstream affecting an area of nearly 3 km2. Total dose for a member of the public living in most affected areas would be around 43 mSv/y in the early phase after the accident. Although only shielding would be recommended under current radiation protection regulation, evacuation/relocation is suggested due to the presence of long-lived radionuclides. This protective measure would probably already be indicated by the accident itself, regardless of radiological reasons. More realistic assessment should be performed before returning people, considering long-term environmental transport and uses of the area. It must also be considered that long-term exposures have more restricted recommended acceptable levels than those for the emergency phase.","PeriodicalId":9203,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91400844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Detection limit calculation according to ISO 11929 for in vitro 210Pb radiobioassay determinations by LSC 根据ISO 11929 LSC法测定210Pb的检出限计算

Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-29 DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2185

C. Sampaio, M. M. Martins, W. O. Sousa

引用次数: 0

Validation and study of different parameters in the simulation of diagnostic X-ray spectra using the MCNPX code 使用MCNPX代码对诊断x射线光谱模拟中不同参数的验证和研究

Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-28 DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2119

K.C.W. Consatti, W. S. Santos, J. V. Valença, M. Yoshizumi

引用次数: 0

An overview study on the TL and OSL dosimetry patent processes over time TL和OSL剂量学专利过程的综述研究

Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-24 DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2107

P. Gasparian, A. Malthez, L. Mariano, L. Campos, R. Politano

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of the radiation shielding properties of ornamental rocks produced in Brazil: A Monte Carlo approach 巴西产观赏岩石的辐射屏蔽性能评价:蒙特卡罗方法

Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-22 DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2104

W. S. Santos, C. J. Santos, L. P. Neves, W. Belinato, M. R. Soares, J. V. Valença, A. Perini

引用次数: 0

A feasibility study for a new one-day protocol for [99mTc]TcDTPA2- and [99mTc]TcDMSA2- renal scintigraphy on dilated and non-dilated pediatric patients: underlying rationale [99mTc]TcDTPA2-和[99mTc]TcDMSA2-肾造影治疗扩张型和非扩张型儿科患者新方案的可行性研究:基本原理

Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-14 DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2158

Fabiana Trevisan, B. Nascimento, Gabriel Chibana, Luciana Maeda, M. Vila, V. Yoshida, N. Aranha, V. Balcão, J. O. Oliveira Júnior

{"title":"A feasibility study for a new one-day protocol for [99mTc]TcDTPA2- and [99mTc]TcDMSA2- renal scintigraphy on dilated and non-dilated pediatric patients: underlying rationale","authors":"Fabiana Trevisan, B. Nascimento, Gabriel Chibana, Luciana Maeda, M. Vila, V. Yoshida, N. Aranha, V. Balcão, J. O. Oliveira Júnior","doi":"10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2158","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. This work aimed at evaluating the possibility of performing renal exams of dynamic renal (DRS) and static renal (SRS) scintigraphy on the same day (one-day protocol, ODP), exams that are currently performed in two days. Approach. 25 infants (50 kidneys) of both genders, aged 8.4 ± 5.9 years, underwent an F+20 DRS protocol with [99mTc]TcDTPA2- followed by [99mTc]TcDMSA2- administration for the performance of SRS images at 3, 6 and 24 h. Dynamic images (DRS) were classified as dilated (D), undetermined (U), and non-dilated (P). Static images (SRS) were classified as: depressed in accented degree (DA); depressed in moderate degree (DM); depressed in mild degree (DL) and normal (NL). Results. Out of the 25 patients (50 kidneys), 7 (14 kidneys) were excluded by functional exclusion, hence 18 patients (36 kidneys) were clinically compared regarding their static images after 3, 6 and 24 h, resulting in 33.0% of dilated and 66.7% non-dilated. Only two patients of the dilated group were classified as obstructed. At the group with non-dilated and dilated but non-obstructed kidneys, 100% of them had the same clinical classification at 6 and 24 h images. Conclusions. Performance of both DRS and SRS exams in a single day for pediatric patients, when medical requests are carried out jointly, is feasible in a population with or without dilatation, when the difference between dynamic and static images is of at least 6 h. Due to the small number of obstructed kidneys in this study, further evaluation in this population is needed.","PeriodicalId":9203,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73562843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of anthropomorphic computational phantoms at the UFPE 在upe拟人化计算幻影的发展

Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-09 DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2243

J. W. Vieira, Pedro Henrique Avelino Andrade, A. C. H. Oliveira, V. Lima, Isabelle Viviane Batista de Lacerda, Arykerne Casado Silva, Ivan Eufrázio Santana, Whoody Alem Wanderley Farias, Larissa Cristina Silva dos Santos, Fernanda Gonçalves Oliveira, F. Lima

{"title":"Development of anthropomorphic computational phantoms at the UFPE","authors":"J. W. Vieira, Pedro Henrique Avelino Andrade, A. C. H. Oliveira, V. Lima, Isabelle Viviane Batista de Lacerda, Arykerne Casado Silva, Ivan Eufrázio Santana, Whoody Alem Wanderley Farias, Larissa Cristina Silva dos Santos, Fernanda Gonçalves Oliveira, F. Lima","doi":"10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2243","url":null,"abstract":"To evaluate the amount of energy deposited in radiosensitive organs and tissues of the human body, when an anthropomorphic phantom is irradiated, researchers in numerical dosimetry use the so-called exposure computational models (ECMs). One can imagine an ECM as a virtual scene composed of a phantom in a mathematically defined position in relation to a radioactive source. The source in these ECMs produces the initial state of the simulation: the position, direction, and energy with which each particle enters the phantom are essential variables. For subsequent states of a particle history, robust Monte Carlo (MC) codes are used. For the subsequent states of a particle's history, robust Monte Carlo (MC) codes are used, which simulate the average free path that the particle performs without interacting, its interaction with the atoms in the medium and the amount of energy deposited per interaction. MC codes also evaluate normalization quantities, so the results are printed in text files in the form of conversion coefficients between the absorbed dose and the selected normalization quantity. From the 2000s, the authors have published ECMs where a voxel phantom is irradiated by photons in the environment of the MC code EGSnrc (EGS = Electron Gamma Shower; nrc = National Research Council Canada). The production of articles, dissertations and theses required the use of specific computational tools, such as the FANTOMAS, DIP (Digital Image Processing) and Monte Carlo applications, for the various steps of numerical dosimetry, which ranges from the preparation of input files to the execution from the ECM to the organization and graphical and numerical analysis of the results. This article reviews computational phantoms for dosimetry mainly those produced in DEN-UFPE dissertations and thesis.","PeriodicalId":9203,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80872689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0