Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences最新文献

Análisis integral de visitas guiadas al reactor de investigación nuclear RA-6: perspectivas educativas, de investigación y sociales RA-6 核研究反应堆导游综合分析：教育、研究和社会视角

Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2024.2452

C. Morales, L. Torres, Fabricio Brollo

引用次数: 0

Development of a sample exchange system for irradiations in the BH-3 channel of the IEA-R1 reactor at IPEN 为 IPEN 的 IEA-R1 反应堆 BH-3 频道辐照开发样品交换系统

Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2024.2439

Marcio Luis De Paula, Maurício Moralles, F. Genezini, Paulo de Tarso Dalledone Siqueira, Iberê Souza Ribeiro Junior, Iremar Alves da Silva Júnior

{"title":"Development of a sample exchange system for irradiations in the BH-3 channel of the IEA-R1 reactor at IPEN","authors":"Marcio Luis De Paula, Maurício Moralles, F. Genezini, Paulo de Tarso Dalledone Siqueira, Iberê Souza Ribeiro Junior, Iremar Alves da Silva Júnior","doi":"10.15392/2319-0612.2024.2439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15392/2319-0612.2024.2439","url":null,"abstract":"This work was developed with the aim of improving the current sample exchange system of the BH-3 irradiation channel of the IEA-R1 reactor at IPEN. The instrument's operating concept will provide a better use of the irradiation space as well as greater safety and confidence to the operator. The development of the system involved 3D modeling, sizing, construction and non-destructive testing of the various parts, and analysis of neutron-induced activation of the materials most exposed to the beam. A programmable logic controller (PLC) was implemented for the system’s control inside a dedicated electrical panel that was built with materials compatible with the location. The system was designed to support samples weighing up to 15 kg. Bench tests were carried out and showed that the system performs the necessary functions to accurately position samples in three locations: outside the biological shield, at the irradiation channel and at the decay waiting station. The implementation of this instrument will contribute to the application of the ALARA principle in the operator activities at the BH-3 irradiation channel.","PeriodicalId":9203,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141821435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Análise dos índices de exposição de exames de radiografia digital 分析数字射线摄影检查的曝光率

Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences Pub Date : 2024-07-12 DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2024.2435

I. Rosa, Janine Hastenteufel Dias, Rochelle Lykawka, Maurício Anés, Luany Nobre Furlan, A. Bacelar

{"title":"Análise dos índices de exposição de exames de radiografia digital","authors":"I. Rosa, Janine Hastenteufel Dias, Rochelle Lykawka, Maurício Anés, Luany Nobre Furlan, A. Bacelar","doi":"10.15392/2319-0612.2024.2435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15392/2319-0612.2024.2435","url":null,"abstract":"Radiography is a crucial diagnostic imaging modality in clinical practice, with persistent challenges in digital radiography regarding the level of exposure. The International Electrotechnical Commission standardized the Exposure Index (EI) and Deviation Index (DI) in digital systems, aiming to improve the assessment of radiation exposure. Each exam has an associated Target Exposure Index (EIT), representing the balance between radiation dose and image quality. This study analyzed the EI and DI of digital radiographs at a university hospital, using a database of 71,760 radiographs. The analysis considered the action limits as suggested by the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM). The group of exposures carried out in radiography rooms presented a DI of 1.2, while that of exposures carried out on mobile equipment, 2.4. In contrast, the first group presented standard deviation values between 1.5 and 3.9, while the second, between 1.8 and 2.6. These results suggest that exposures performed using Automatic Exposure Control (CAE) differ less from EIT, however, radiographic techniques were more standardized among exams with mobile equipment, performed with manual selection of exposure parameters, as these exams presented a smaller DI dispersion range. The creation of an automated tool in Google Looker Studio facilitated interactive data analysis, presenting information by anatomical region and view, with the potential to continuously monitor radiological practices. For certain incidences, the average DI values obtained differed substantially from the ideal value, which requires optimization actions, investigation into the definition of adequate EIT and calibration of the CAE. The study provided a detailed overview of local radiographic practices, highlighting priorities for optimization and standardization actions.","PeriodicalId":9203,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141654204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multiphysics Computational Modeling of Nuclear Reactors Small Size Through the Coupling of Serpent Codes and Fluent 通过 Serpent 代码和 Fluent 耦合进行小型核反应堆多物理场计算建模

Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2024.2425

Erik Lago, Dany Sanchez Dominguez, L. Mazaira

{"title":"Multiphysics Computational Modeling of Nuclear Reactors Small Size Through the Coupling of Serpent Codes and Fluent","authors":"Erik Lago, Dany Sanchez Dominguez, L. Mazaira","doi":"10.15392/2319-0612.2024.2425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15392/2319-0612.2024.2425","url":null,"abstract":"The study of nuclear energy using computational codes has been widely explored by nuclear engineering researchers through various calculations over the years, with emphasis on neutron and thermo-hydraulic calculations. The need for designing a reactor model that would produce energy at a lower cost per MWh highlighted the importance of Small Modular Reactor (SMR) reactors. Development: The present work aims to carry out a study related to the coupling of two computational codes, SERPENT and ANSYS FLUENT, using an SMR PWR reactor model (Pressurized Water Reactor) from the company B&W Generation, called mPower. Methods: The geometry of a pin of the mPower reactor was modeled and neutronics analyses of the model were performed using SERPENT code, while thermo-hydraulic analysis was simulated using FLUENT code. A coupling algorithm between these two simulation tools was built to automate the process of obtaining operational conditions for the effective operation of the reactor. Results: This work enabled the development of a tool that performs the multiphysics coupling between neutronic and thermos-hydraulic phenomena on mPower fuel pin. Conclusion: Multiphysics simulation, which considers the interaction between neutronic and thermal dynamics, provides an enhanced understanding of reactor operation. In this simulation, the power distribution generated by the neutronic code is used as input for the thermo-hydraulic code. Conversely, the temperature distribution obtained from the thermo-hydraulic simulation is fed back into a subsequent iteration of the neutronic analysis, thus achieving a coupling between these phenomena. To obtain accurate estimates for the power and temperature distributions, an automated process based on Python programming was implemented.","PeriodicalId":9203,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141674838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abordagens de blindagens baseadas em polímeros como uma solução prática na redução dos riscos radiológicos em operações de campo 聚合物屏蔽方法是降低野外作业放射性风险的实用解决方案

Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2024.2460

L. Rodrigues, Claudio Antonio Federico, Tercio Brum, Sergio Gavazza, Jéssica De Moutta Gomes, Edson Ramos de Andrade

{"title":"Abordagens de blindagens baseadas em polímeros como uma solução prática na redução dos riscos radiológicos em operações de campo","authors":"L. Rodrigues, Claudio Antonio Federico, Tercio Brum, Sergio Gavazza, Jéssica De Moutta Gomes, Edson Ramos de Andrade","doi":"10.15392/2319-0612.2024.2460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15392/2319-0612.2024.2460","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this research is to evaluate various polymeric materials that have the potential to serve as substitutes or supplements to heavy vehicle structures for radiation-intensive environments. The materials under investigation include Nylon 6 (PA-6, C6H11NO), polyethylene (PE, C2H4), polypropylene (PP, C3H6), polyvinyl chloride (PVC, C2H3Cl), and polymethylacrylate (PMMA, C5H8O2). This study's primary aim is to determine each material's effectiveness in shielding against radiation and reducing exposure to vehicle occupants. As a new approach, this research examines the impact of utilizing polymeric materials and the potential health hazards for young drivers of both sexes, such as developing solid cancers from radiation exposure. According to the study, PVC was the most efficient polymer with a Transmission Factor (TF) of 0.44, leading to a 56% decrease in the relative risk estimate for the maximum thickness evaluated (20 cm). On the other hand, PP was identified as the least efficient, with a TF of 0.65, resulting in a 35% reduction in the relative risk estimate for the same thickness. The study concludes that each polymer has varying degrees of attenuation and that combining their properties is essential to achieving the desired level of risk reduction.","PeriodicalId":9203,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141339519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ten Years Evaluation of the Relationship Between the Individual Dose of Hospital Workers Occupationally Exposed to X-Rays and its Leukocyte and Platelet Counts of the CBC Tests 医院工作人员职业暴露于 X 射线的个人剂量与其白细胞和血小板计数之间关系的十年评估（CBC 检验

Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences Pub Date : 2024-06-07 DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2024.2416

R. Lykawka, Alexandre Bacelar, F. F. Dantas Filho, Milena Ávila Peres, Juliana Ávila Duarte

{"title":"Ten Years Evaluation of the Relationship Between the Individual Dose of Hospital Workers Occupationally Exposed to X-Rays and its Leukocyte and Platelet Counts of the CBC Tests","authors":"R. Lykawka, Alexandre Bacelar, F. F. Dantas Filho, Milena Ávila Peres, Juliana Ávila Duarte","doi":"10.15392/2319-0612.2024.2416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15392/2319-0612.2024.2416","url":null,"abstract":"The occupational health assessment of workers exposed to ionizing radiation is done through Complete Blood Count (CBC) tests in some countries, although studies have shown that this biomarker does not show evidence of exposition to low dose radiation. It is essential to analyze the radiation level doses of healthcare workers (HCW) exposed to X-rays in a university hospital and evaluate the association of this exposure on blood exam parameters. For this purpose, CBC tests and individual records of the X-rays exposure of 766 HCW were retrospectively evaluated from 2009 to 2019. Analyzing the annual and the monthly individual effective doses, no statistically significant relationship was identified with leukocyte count (b = -0.01 (95% CI, -0.03 - 0.01); p = 0.254) and (b = -0.04 (95% CI, -0.02 - 0.12); p = 0.606) respectively; nor for platelet count (b = -0.52 (95% CI, -1,09 - 0.05); p = 0.072) and (b = -0.69 (95% CI, -3.63 - 2.25); p = 0.646), respectively. Assessing the relationship between the monthly dose and the CBC tests, we found association with the leukocyte count (b = -0.12 (95% CI, -0.19 - -0.04); p = 0.002), but did not occur for platelet count (b = -1.91 (95% CI, -4.93 - 1.11); p = 0.215). The findings of the study demonstrated that there is no statistically significant relationship, with regard to clinical validity, between the individual effective doses and the leukocyte and platelet count in the CBC test in all analyses performed.","PeriodicalId":9203,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141372749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Digital Twin and Physical Cyber Systems Applied to Ionizing Radiation: State of the Art in Metrology 4.0 应用于电离辐射的数字孪生和物理赛博系统：计量学 4.0 技术现状

Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-06 DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2024.2393

E. Macedo, Igor Garcia, Fellipe Souza Silva, Jeovana Ferreira, Samuel Façanha Jr, Monaliza Almeida, José Guilherme Pereira Peixoto

引用次数: 0

Development of alternative methodology for normalization of the small animals PET scanner of LIM/CDTN 为 LIM/CDTN 小动物 PET 扫描仪的正常化开发替代方法

Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-23 DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2024.2360

Anna Clara Moreira da Silva, Victória Garcia Moreira, Bruno Melo Mendes, R. Gontijo, Andrea Vidal Ferreira

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of the effectiveness of defense measures during radiological risk assessment in gynecological brachytherapy 评估妇科近距离放射治疗放射风险评估期间防御措施的有效性

Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-16 DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2024.2347

C. C. Dominguez, A. Torres, R. Alfonso

{"title":"Evaluation of the effectiveness of defense measures during radiological risk assessment in gynecological brachytherapy","authors":"C. C. Dominguez, A. Torres, R. Alfonso","doi":"10.15392/2319-0612.2024.2347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15392/2319-0612.2024.2347","url":null,"abstract":"The implementation of risk analysis to all those practices that work with ionizing radiation is of paramount importance. Thanks to the studies published on risk assessment in radiation medicine, a culture on this subject is being created, which has led to the systematization of different methods created for this purpose. Such is the case of the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA), the basis on which this research has been developed. The American Association of Physicist in Medicine (AAMP) TG-100 report, which provides all the details on the use of this technique, is used as main reference. On the other hand, the recommendations recently published by AAMP TG-275 report are also used, applying the FMEA methodology to the high dose rate gynecological brachytherapy (B-HDR-GYN), among other practices. The novelty of this research is the implementation of an operational algorithm that improves the analytical capacity of the traditional FMEA approach by allowing the measurement of the effectiveness of defense measures within it. In this study, when the defense measures interact in the FMEA, a decrease of four RPN values of the failure modes (FM) occurs; compared to reference values. This algorithm is based on a synergy of the risk matrix (RM) approach and the information on FMEA available in the TG-100 and TG-275.","PeriodicalId":9203,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139961150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Preparation and Thermoluminescence Properties of Polycrystalline Na2SO4/SiO2 composite 多晶 Na2SO4/SiO2 复合材料的制备与热发光特性

Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-24 DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2024.2322

Fatma Omer, Youssef Abdulla, Abdullah M. Noh

引用次数: 0