Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences最新文献_第6页

Measurements of the ambient dose equivalent rates around the Manyoni uranium deposit in Tanzania 坦桑尼亚马尼奥尼铀矿床周围环境剂量当量率的测量

Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-15 DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2251

Farida Lolila, Mohamed Mazunga

{"title":"Measurements of the ambient dose equivalent rates around the Manyoni uranium deposit in Tanzania","authors":"Farida Lolila, Mohamed Mazunga","doi":"10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2251","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, pre-mining ambient gamma dose equivalent rates at 1 m above the ground were measured using a Gamma-Scout portable radiation survey meter at two sites, A and B, around the Manyoni uranium deposit in Tanzania. Site A is expected to receive mine-dust particles with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 10 µm (PM10) that have mean annual ground level concentrations (AGLC) ≥ 10% of the WHO air quality guideline limit of 20 µg/m3, and Site B is expected to receive PM10 with a mean AGLC ≥ 20 µg/m3. At Site A, the average of the ambient dose equivalent rates was 0.25 ± 0.03 µSv/h and ranged from 0.08 to 0.69 µSv/h. Similarly, at Site B, the average of the ambient dose equivalent rates was 0.23 ± 0.02 µSv/h and ranged from 0.12 to 0.34 µSv/h. The effect of the local geology on the measured dose rates was also presented. Since the ambient dose equivalent is an operational quantity for area monitoring, the results of this study will be very useful for comparing with the operational monitoring results of Sites A and B once uranium mining starts in Manyoni. This can help mine operators and regulatory agencies keep an eye on any rise in background radiation so they can take the necessary measures to safeguard locals and the environment from the harmful effects of ionising radiation.","PeriodicalId":9203,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89074082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mapping of processes and risks in the digital transformation in metrology of ionizing radiation, a case study in X-rays air kerma calibration 电离辐射计量数字化转型中的过程和风险映射，以x射线空气温度校准为例

Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-14 DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2225

I. Garcia, Jeovana Santos Ferreira, Eric Matos Macedo, Marcos Vinicius Teixeira Navarro, José Guilherme Pereira Peixoto

{"title":"Mapping of processes and risks in the digital transformation in metrology of ionizing radiation, a case study in X-rays air kerma calibration","authors":"I. Garcia, Jeovana Santos Ferreira, Eric Matos Macedo, Marcos Vinicius Teixeira Navarro, José Guilherme Pereira Peixoto","doi":"10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2225","url":null,"abstract":"For the new metrological challenges of an increasingly digitized world, several countries are developing applications and infrastructure for Digital Calibration Certificates – DCC, researching the comparability of real and virtual measurements. Objective: to map the processes and risks related to the digital transformation of X-rays air kerma calibration. The Failure Mode and Effect Analysis - FMEA was used to quantify risks and is widely used in the aviation and automotive industry due to its reliability. The results presented a conceptual model for calibrating ionizing radiation quantities in the framework of new technologies and calibration 4.0 and comparing processes and risks. The conceptual model of calibration 4.0 comprises three main parts: a transmitter, the 4.0 communication network, and a receiver. Intelligent devices with configurations enable calibration data transfers by radio-frequency messaging in all these parts. Comparing risks in contemporary and calibration 4.0 processes, a slight reduction in the total risk can be observed. But new risks are unique to the 4.0 model, all with maximum severity, and how to mitigate them is still unknown. It is also possible to estimate that artificial intelligence and automation can significantly reduce measurement risks, identification, and error in the analysis and use of calibration certificates.","PeriodicalId":9203,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87734866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Combined application of gamma radiation, cleaning and chemical sanitizers in decontamination of vehicle air conditioning filters 伽玛辐射、清洁和化学消毒剂在汽车空调过滤器去污中的联合应用

Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-14 DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2244

S. Aquino, José Eduardo Alves de Lima, S. I. Borrely

{"title":"Combined application of gamma radiation, cleaning and chemical sanitizers in decontamination of vehicle air conditioning filters","authors":"S. Aquino, José Eduardo Alves de Lima, S. I. Borrely","doi":"10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2244","url":null,"abstract":"This work aimed to analyze the fungal contamination of air-conditioning filter waste (n=15) as an indicator of Quality Air Indoor from different car models in São Paulo city in São Paulo State, Brazil, during the period from October 2018 to July 2019. Three different treatments were used for the decontamination of car air conditioning filters, such as mechanical vacuum cleaning (I), vacuum cleaning and use of sanitizing product (II), and sanitizing product associated with radiation treatment at a dose of 17 kGy (III). After the treatments, microbiological analyses were performed and samples were plated in Petri dishes containing Sabouraud agar transferred by Swabs, and incubated for 7 days at 25 °C. The Petri dishes were stored in a standard Biochemical Oxygen Demand incubator, for the growth of fungal cultures. After incubation, the fungal cultures were evaluated, and the fungal counting was expressed in unit-forming colonies (UFC) and frequency in samples (%). The fungi were examined by lactophenol blue solution staining for microscopy. All samples of treatment I and II were contaminated with various fungal genera and high bioburden, namely (treatment I) Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, Cladosporium spp., Fusarium spp., Mucor spp., Nigrospora spp., Not Sporulated Fungi (NSF), Penicillium spp., Rhizopus spp., Rhodotorula spp., Trichoderma spp. and yeasts. Treatment II showed Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger, A. ochraceus, Cladosporium spp., Mucor spp., NSF, Penicillium spp., Phoma spp., Rhizopus spp., Rhodotorula spp., Trichoderma spp., and yeasts. Treatment III presented NSF and yeasts, with 80% of material decontamination.","PeriodicalId":9203,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90519141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessment of energy and angular dependence of LiF:Mg,Ti dosimeters irradiated in the quantity Hp(0.07) Hp(0.07)辐照量的LiF:Mg,Ti剂量计的能量依赖性和角依赖性评价

Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-13 DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2142

G. G. Nascimento, C. Silva, V. Campos, L. Campos

{"title":"Assessment of energy and angular dependence of LiF:Mg,Ti dosimeters irradiated in the quantity Hp(0.07)","authors":"G. G. Nascimento, C. Silva, V. Campos, L. Campos","doi":"10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2142","url":null,"abstract":"Radiation dosimetry has the purpose of quantifying the dose received by the occupationally exposed individual. The device used in this process is called a dosimeter, the dosimeter can be used in different situations, for example, the dosimeter used to quantify the dose received in the fingers is the ring model dosimeter, for the extremity, which is the focus of this work. In Brazil, we still do not have standards for the calibration of extremity dosimeters, therefore, in this work, the CASEC recommendations were used, adapted for extremity dosimetry. For a dosimeter to be used in its respective routine, it must present results within some pre-established limits in reference standards. For this purpose, energy dependence and angular dependence tests were carried out. To calibrate the LiF:Mg,Ti thermoluminescent dosimeters, a phantom rod was used. The phantom rod has the function of simulating the region of interest, in the case of this work, the fingers. The dosimeters were irradiated in the magnitude Hp(0.07), with the doses and energies recommended by the CASEC standard. The aim of this work is to characterize end dosimeters in the ring model with LiF:Mg,Ti detectors.","PeriodicalId":9203,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83204252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quality control in blood irradiation 血液辐照的质量控制

Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2183

F. Lópes, R. Rocha, E. Munhoz, F. C. Trigo, V. Feijó, M. Fernandes, T. C. de Paula, L. G. Padilha Filho, G. Araújo

{"title":"Quality control in blood irradiation","authors":"F. Lópes, R. Rocha, E. Munhoz, F. C. Trigo, V. Feijó, M. Fernandes, T. C. de Paula, L. G. Padilha Filho, G. Araújo","doi":"10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2183","url":null,"abstract":"Irradiation is a technique used in hemotherapy to functionally inactivateviable lymphocytes, in cellular blood components, to reduce the risk of Transfusion-associated Graft-versus-Host Disease (AT-GVHD), is rare but letal. One way to avoid it is to irradiate blood componentes in situations such as: intrauterine transfusion, newborns, patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy in bone marrow transplantation. Thus, it is extremely important that blood component is irradiated and, above all, ensure that the minimum dose is 25 Gy.The blood policy in Brazil is implemented through laws and normative decrees, giving rise to a legal system that underpins the actions of hemotherapy services. In order to correct verify absorbed doses and the quality assurance process as well as the safety for the irradiator operators we describe in this paper a several of physical measurements that is mandatory to support a physicist to evaluate the quality assurance during and after the irradiation process. The results obtained from this physical measurements provided a guarantee of proper radiation dose used in hemotherapy as well as methods and procedures applied to protect the patient, employees and general public due to procedure of blood irradiation accordling the Technical Regulation of Hemotherapy Procedures of the National Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA) and safety regulations by National Nuclear Energy Commission (CNEN).","PeriodicalId":9203,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81204607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Human performance and safety in nuclear facilities – regulatory frameworks 核设施中人的行为和安全。管理框架

Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-05 DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2176

S. Pavão, Thadeu Das Neves Conti

引用次数: 0

Application of OSL strips in CT dosimetry according to the AAPM methodology 基于AAPM方法的OSL条在CT剂量测定中的应用

Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2259

R. Terini, Johnatan Dias Oliveira, E. Yoshimura

{"title":"Application of OSL strips in CT dosimetry according to the AAPM methodology","authors":"R. Terini, Johnatan Dias Oliveira, E. Yoshimura","doi":"10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2259","url":null,"abstract":"Computed tomography (CT) images contribute to high-quality medical diagnosis, but radiation dose can be quite high, requiring accurate assessment. CT dose index (CTDI) was developed for dosimetric purposes, but for scanners operated exclusively in axial mode. Nowadays, CTDI underestimate patient dose in helical CT exams. AAPM report TG111 (2010) suggested a new metric in which the patient's radiation dose is obtained from dose profiles constructed from several measurements made with a small ionization chamber. It is also possible to obtain dose profiles using properly calibrated OSL (optically stimulated luminescence) strips. The main objective of the present work is to contribute to optimizing CT dosimetry, comparing dose profiles obtained with OSL strips with measurements obtained by other authors. In this work, a “pencil” ionization chamber and 20 cm x 0.3 cm OSL strips were X-ray-irradiated, in air and in the holes of two cylindrical CT phantoms, using 100, 120, 140 kV peak voltages, both in lab and in a clinical CT scanner. Irradiated strips were read using an OSL reader built in the GDRFM. OSL profiles were calibrated against ionization chamber. From them, CTDIw and CTDIvol values were determined, differing approximately 3.9% from those of the CT scanner. From the profiles, also the planar equilibrium dose Deq,p (TG111) was evaluated in some CT protocols; Deq,p exceeded the CTDI values from the CT scanner in every case. E.g.: The percentage difference between Deq,p and CTDIvol for the head phantom ranged between 33-25%. Thus, in some cases, it could be advantageous to use calibrated OSL dosimeters instead of ionization chambers to obtain the profiles, saving time, because it is possible to obtain five OSL profiles from a single phantom irradiation.","PeriodicalId":9203,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76979287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of the acid leaching technique for recovery of U3O8 and ThO2 in niobium/tantalum slag 酸浸回收铌钽渣中U3O8和ThO2的工艺评价

Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-30 DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2165

Vanderlei Vilaça Moura, Talita Santos, Claubia Pereira

引用次数: 0

European radon abatement policy: state and ongoing discussion 欧洲减少氡政策:国家和正在进行的讨论

Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2162

P. Bossew, N. Suhr

引用次数: 0

Experimental method for determining the supply current of a PMOS power transistor for use as a RADFET dosimeter 确定用作RADFET剂量计的PMOS功率晶体管的供电电流的实验方法

Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2117

Eduardo Gomes Mendonça, T. Cavalcante, R. G. Vaz, E. C. F. Pereira Junior, O. Gonçalez

引用次数: 0