BMC Plant Biology最新文献

{"title":"Biochar-induced microbial and metabolic reprogramming enhances bioactive compound accumulation in Panax quinquefolius L.","authors":"Xiaoli Chen, Xinying Mao, Yu Ding, Tian Chen, Yue Wang, Jie Bao, Lanping Guo, Lei Fang, Jie Zhou","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-06656-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-06656-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Panax quinquefolius L., with a history of over 300 years in traditional Chinese medicine, is notably rich in ginsenosides-its primary bioactive components. Although our previous study found that biochar application could enhance the content of ginsenoside Re, Rg and other contents in P. quinquefolius, its effect on the overall secondary metabolism of P. quinquefolius and its mechanism are still unclear. In this paper, the correlation between plant microbiome and secondary metabolites was studied from the perspective of plant rhizosphere microorganisms and endophytes, and the mechanism of biochar-induced metabolic reprogramming of P. quinquefolius was revealed. The results showed that biochar treatment significantly increased the accumulation of various substances in P. quinquefolius, including nucleosides, glycerophosphocholines, fatty acyls, steroidal glycosides, triterpenoids, and other bioactive compounds. Additionally, biochar treatment significantly enriched beneficial rhizosphere microorganisms such as Bacillus, Flavobacterium, and Devosia, while reducing the relative abundance of harmful fungi like Fusarium. Furthermore, it promoted endophytic Flavobacterium, Acaulospora, and Glomus, and suppressed pathogenic genera such as Plectosphaerella, Cladosporium, and Phaeosphaeria. These shifts in rhizosphere microbial community and endophytes structure and function were closely linked to the accumulation of secondary metabolites (e.g. ginsenosides Rg₃, F2) in P. quinquefolius. Overall, our findings suggest that biochar may influence key endophytes and rhizosphere microorganisms to regulate the accumulation of secondary metabolites in P. quinquefolius. Therefore, this study provides valuable insights into the potential application of biochar in Chinese medicine agriculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"669"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12090593/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144109625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of lipidomics and widely targeted metabolomics provides a comprehensive metabolic landscape of Poa pratensis under cadmium stress.","authors":"Ting Cui, Yong Wang, Kuiju Niu, Chunxu Zhao, Huiling Ma","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-06709-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-06709-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Soil cadmium (Cd) contamination poses significant environmental challenges globally. Kentucky bluegrass is considered a viable plant for remediating Cd-contaminated soils due to its high tolerance to Cd and accumulation capacity. Yet, the complete metabolic landscape underlying Cd detoxification mechanisms of Kentucky bluegrass remains incompletely understood.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Here, widely targeted metabolomics was used to identify key metabolites of Kentucky bluegrass that were responsive to Cd stress in comparisons between Cd-resistant (M) and sensitive (R) varieties. Moreover, lipidomics analyses were used to assess the content, composition, and saturation levels of lipid molecular species. The M variety exhibited higher levels of free amino acids, saccharides, and flavonoids (flavones, flavonols, isoflavones, and flavanones) after Cd stress that likely enhance its tolerance to Cd stress. Within the M variety, 183 lipid species (81%) were less abundant after Cd stress, representing a much larger number than the 81 lipid species (41.54%) similarly less abundant in the R variety. The lipid species with increased abundances primarily comprised diacylglycerols, monogalactosyldiacylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, triacylglycerol, and lysophosphatidylcholine that exhibited higher saturation levels. Conversely, the lipid species with decreased abundances largely comprised those with shorter acyl chains including free fatty acids, phosphatidic acid, and lysophosphatidic acid, as well as those with higher unsaturation levels, including phosphatidylglycerol, diacylglycerol, triacylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, and lysophosphatidylcholine. The elongation of these lipid acyl chains under Cd stress contributes to the increased membrane thickness and rigidity in Kentucky bluegrass, resulting from the dense packing of hydrophobic tails and enhanced lipid-lipid interactions. The changes in these metabolites and lipids may play a significant role in enhancing Cd tolerance, distribution, and accumulation in Kentucky bluegrass.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of this study provide a comprehensive metabolite profile for Kentucky bluegrass in response to Cd stress, elucidating the key metabolite characteristics essential for Cd detoxification under Cd-induced stress. Furthermore, the results provide insights into the metabolic regulation of metabolites and lipid homeostasis that contribute to enhanced Cd tolerance in Kentucky bluegrass.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"665"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12090683/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144109732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide identification of the R2R3-MYB gene family in olive and its association with fatty acid biosynthesis.","authors":"Hengxing Zhu, Qianli Dai, Feiyi Huang, Zhuo Wei, Min Lu, Chenggong Lei, Ximeng Yang, Benwen Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-06096-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-06096-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>MYB transcription factors play an important role in the biosynthesis of fatty acids in plants. Olive (Olea europaea L.) is one of the woody plants that has been used the longest for the production of oil. However, their functions in fatty acid metabolism of Olive fruit is not well defined. This study identified 212 OLR2R3 MYB genes from the olive genome, which were unevenly distributed across 23 chromosomes. A phylogenetic analysis revealed that they are clustered into six subgroups, and the OLR2R3 MYB gene members in different subgroups have similar gene structures and conserved motifs. A collinearity analysis revealed 17 pairs of segmentally duplicated OLR2R3 MYB genes. The levels of expression of each OLR2R3 MYB gene in the fruit, flower, and bud tissues from various varieties of olive were analyzed. This revealed that 50 genes may be involved in the development of olive fruit. A co-expression network analysis showed that OLMYB185 is co-expressed with the genes for the biosynthesis of fatty acids. The overexpression of OLMYB185 in Arabidopsis seeds significantly increased the seed size compared to the wild type. These results further elucidate the role of OLR2R3 MYB in the biosynthesis of fatty acids in olive fruit and provide new insights into the function of these genes in olive plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"667"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12090473/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144109731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rhizosphere microorganisms mediate ion homeostasis in cucumber seedlings: a new strategy to improve plant salt tolerance.","authors":"Yaopu Wang, Yu Guo, Chenglong Li, Xinyu Su, Mengxue Yang, Wanyu Li, Hongjun Xu, Hong Li","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-06699-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-06699-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Soil salinization is a formidable challenge for vegetable production, primarily because of the detrimental effects of ion toxicity. Rhizosphere microorganisms promote plant growth and bolster salt tolerance, but the extent to which microbial communities can increase plant resilience by regulating ion homeostasis under salt stress remains underexplored. The goal of this study was to enrich microbial communities from the rhizosphere of salt-stressed cucumber seedlings and identify their impact on ion balance and plant growth under saline conditions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Salt stress induced significant alterations in the composition, structure, and function of the root-associated microbial community. Compared with a 75 mM NaCl treatment alone, inoculation with salt-induced rhizosphere microorganisms (SiRMs) under the same conditions significantly increased the growth of cucumber seedlings; plant height increased by 61.3%, and the fresh weights of the shoots and roots increased by 45.3% and 38.9%, respectively. Moreover, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased by 4.1%, and peroxidase (POD) activity and superoxide anion (O₂·^-) content decreased by 10.5% and 3.7%, respectively. In the roots, stems, and leaves of cucumber seedlings treated with SiRMs and 75 mM NaCl, the Na⁺ content was significantly reduced by 15.8%, 18.9%, and 9.7%, respectively. Conversely, the K⁺ content significantly increased by 32.7%, 16.9%, and 28.8%, respectively. Under salt stress conditions, inoculation with SiRMs significantly increased the rate of Na⁺ expulsion in the roots of cucumber seedlings by 18.3%, but the K⁺ expulsion rate decreased by 76.7%. These dynamic changes are attributed to the upregulation of genes such as CsHKT1, CsHAK5, and CsCHX18;4.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Enrichment with SiRMs played a pivotal role in maintaining ion homeostasis and significantly enhanced the salt tolerance of cucumber seedlings. These findings highlight the potential for microbial-assisted strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of soil salinity and provide valuable insights into the complex interplay between the microbial community and plant resilience from the perspective of ion balance.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"670"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12090690/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144109733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The integration of quantitative trait locus mapping and transcriptome studies reveals candidate genes for water stress response in St. Augustinegrass.","authors":"Greta B G Rockstad, Xingwang Yu, Gabriel de Siqueira Gesteira, Susmita Gaire, Allison N Dickey, Beatriz T Gouveia, Ashley N Schoonmaker, Amanda M Hulse-Kemp, Susana R Milla-Lewis","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-06692-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-06692-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Drought resistance is an increasingly important trait for many plants-including St. Augustinegrass, a major warm-season turfgrass-as more municipalities impose restrictions on frequency and amount of irrigation. Breeding efforts have focused on breeding for drought resistance, and several drought-related quantitative trait loci (QTL) have been identified for St. Augustinegrass in previous studies. However, the molecular basis of this trait remains poorly understood, posing a significant roadblock to the genetic improvement of the species.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study sought to validate those QTL regions in an independent biparental population developed from two sibling lines, XSA10098 and XSA10127. The drought evaluation in two greenhouse trials showed significant genotype variation for drought stress traits including leaf wilting, percent green cover, relative water content, percent recovery, and the area under the leaf wilting-, percent green cover-, and percent recovery- curves. A linkage map was constructed using 12,269 SNPs, representing the densest St. Augustinegrass linkage map to date. A multiple QTL mapping approach identified 24 QTL including overlapping regions on linkage groups 3, 4, 6, and 9 between this study and previous St. Augustinegrass drought resistance studies. At the transcriptome level, 1965 and 1005 differentially expressed genes were identified in the drought sensitive and tolerant genotypes, respectively. Gene Ontology and KEGG analysis found different mechanisms adopted by the two genotypes in response to drought stress. Integrating QTL and transcriptomics analyses revealed several candidate genes which are involved in processes including cell wall organization, photorespiration, zinc ion transport, regulation of reactive oxygen species, channel activity, and regulation in response to abiotic stress.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>By innovatively integrating QTL and transcriptomics, our study advances the understanding of the genetic control of water stress response in St. Augustinegrass, providing a foundation for targeted drought resistance breeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"662"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12087227/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144101436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-omics analysis of the mechanisms of abundant theacrine and EGCG3\"Me in tea (Camellia sinensis).","authors":"Yanyu Zhu, Mengya Gu, Wentao Yu, Longhua Liao, Shuilian Gao, Shuyan Wang, Hongzheng Lin, Wenjing Gui, Youliang Zhou, Zhiming Chen, Jingde Zeng, Naixing Ye","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-06691-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-06691-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Theacrine and epigallocatechin-3-O-(3-O-methyl) gallate (EGCG3\"Me) are notable secondary metabolites in tea (Camellia sinensis), celebrated for their unique flavors and significant health effects. Theacrine has a mild effect on nerve stimulation, while EGCG3\"Me exhibits better stability, higher oral bioavailability and stronger biological activity. However, tea plant varieties naturally rich in both theacrine and EGCG3\"Me are rare. This study unveils a unique tea variety 'Anxi kucha', which is abundant in both theacrine and EGCG3\"Me. Through integrated transcriptome-proteome-metabolome analysis, SAMS3, APRT1, IMPDH, and TCS1 were identified as critical enzymes for theacrine synthesis; while CHI1, CHI2, FLS2 and LAR1 were key for EGCG3\"Me synthesis. Additionally, transcription factor analysis revealed that MYB4 and bHLH74 were positively correlated with the contents of theacrine and EGCG3\"Me. This study provides valuable materials for further exploring theacrine and EGCG3\"Me in tea plants, and establishes a theoretical basis for their biosynthesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"663"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12087082/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144101434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic and physiological insights into auxin-mediated root growth and potassium uptake in tobacco under low-potassium stress.","authors":"Kunhao Guan, Yingying Li, Yuyin Zhang, Jie Yang, Zixuan Ge, Xiaoyan Dai","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-06600-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-06600-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Improving potassium uptake efficiency in plants is crucial for agricultural production. Auxin is a key plant hormone that promotes root growth and enhances the ability of plants to absorb and accumulate mineral nutrients. To investigate the role of auxins in root growth and potassium uptake mechanisms under low-potassium stress, we used tobacco as a model plant and conducted hydroponic experiments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Low-potassium stress significantly impairs root development and potassium uptake in tobacco plants. Under these conditions, exogenous Indole acetic acid (IAA) enhanced root development and increased potassium uptake, whereas N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA) inhibited root growth and adversely affected potassium absorption and retention. Transcriptome sequencing under low-potassium conditions identified 8,381 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the two different treatment groups that were primarily enriched in pathways related to photosynthesis-antenna proteins, photosynthesis, plant hormone signal transduction, and the MAPK signaling pathway. Analysis of the DEGs associated with auxin signaling, potassium ion channels, transporters, and transcription factors revealed several key genes involved in low-potassium stress response, including KUP6, IAA14, ARF16, PIN1, SKOR, NPF7.3, and AP2/ERF. Notably, KUP6 was upregulated following IAA treatment and downregulated by NPA, indicating that this potassium ion transporter gene plays a crucial role in the auxin-mediated alleviation of low potassium stress in tobacco, which is likely linked to endogenous auxin levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study revealed that potassium deficiency impairs root development and uptake in tobacco and that auxin is critical in mitigating this stress. This study highlights the regulatory function of auxin in enhancing root growth and potassium absorption under low potassium conditions, offering insights into the molecular mechanisms of potassium stress response.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"664"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12087072/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144101438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combining transcriptomics and metabolomics to analyse the mechanism of allelopathy in Cyclachaena xanthiifolia.","authors":"Zelin Yang, Xiaoling Han, Zhixiang Xing, Fumeng He, Tianshuai Qi, Xue Wang, Rao Fu, Chong Du, Xu Feng, Yingnan Wang, Qiang Yuan, Fenglan Li, Wei Lan, Yongqing Xu","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-06704-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-06704-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As a vicious invasive plant, Cyclachaena xanthiifolia has caused severe ecological disruption and significant reductions in crop yield, necessitating urgent control measures. However, the underlying mechanisms of its allelopathic invasion remain unclear, representing the primary bottleneck in current management strategies. In this study, we used metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses to evaluate the differences in allelopathy and related physiological and biochemical indices among different extract fractions of C.xanthiifolia, and to investigate how the allelopathy of C.xanthiifolia inhibits seed germination and seedling growth by altering metabolic pathways. GC-MS results identified several compounds with allelopathic potential, including fatty acids, terpenes, esters, alkanes, and aldehydes. Among them, n-butanol phase extract (NE) treatment significantly inhibited the germination and water absorption of mustard (Brassica juncea) seeds, changed the balance of the endogenous hormones abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellins (GA) in seeds, destroyed the antioxidant enzyme system, and caused plasma membrane damage. Moreover, transcriptomic and broadly targeted metabolomic analyses showed that NE treatment interfered with primary metabolism, significantly enriched the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway, and led to a significant accumulation of ABA. The quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) results showed that the expression levels of 7 key genes involved in ABA biosynthesis and metabolic pathways were relatively high. The results showed that C.xanthiifolia may exert its allelopathic effects by disrupting the antioxidant enzyme system and interfering with primary metabolism and hormone signalling, and that the modulation of the ABA signalling pathway appears to play a key role.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"660"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12087043/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144101425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hazelnut allergome overview and Cor a gRNAs identification.","authors":"Ciro Gianmaria Amoroso, Giuseppe Andolfo","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-06685-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-06685-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Corylus species (hazelnuts) are a valuable source of nutrients and are widely consumed worldwide. Nevertheless, Corylus avellana (Cor a) contains 13 allergens (Cor a 1, Cor a 2, Cor a 6, Cor a 8, Cor a 9, Cor a 10, Cor a 11, Cor a 12, Cor a 13, Cor a 14, Cor a 15, Cor a 16, and Cor a TLP) that have been deposited into the official database (WHO/IUIS) for allergen nomenclature. The recent availability of several Corylus genomes provided opportunities to explore allergome variability, and thus to develop hypoallergenic varieties using modern biotech approaches. Certainly, the identification of CRISPR-Cas9 guide RNA (gRNA) is a pivotal step in achieving this goal. User-friendly web tools include limited reference genomes to design CRISPR-Cas9 gRNAs, while bioinformatic software for custom analysis require advanced command-line skills.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This work explored the evolutionary trajectories of allergenic Cor a homologs in C. avellana, C. americana, C. heterophylla, and C. mandshurica genome assemblies. 52 Cor a orthologs were found in the analyzed species, and a recent tandem duplication of Cor a 1 was found in C. americana. Three new gene models were predicted in C. avellana and C. mandshurica for Cor a 16 and Cor a 10. Additionally, we identified 56 Cor a isoallergens, of which ten Cor a isoforms. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis sheds light on the evolutionary dynamics of three hazelnut allergens revealing the evolutionary complexity of Cor a 1, Cor a 2, and Cor a TLP within the Corylus genus. A list of multiple gRNAs designed for the CRISPR-Cas9 system was provided for the singular and multiple silencing of Cor a homologs in each Corylus genome.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study enhances our knowledge on the evolutionary path of Cor a allergens among Corylus species and provides highly accurate on-target guides targeting hazelnut allergome.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"661"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12087118/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144101431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A sexual/apomictic consensus linkage map of Eragrostis curvula at tetraploid level.","authors":"Jimena Gallardo, Cristian Andrés Gallo, Martín Quevedo, José Carballo, Viviana Echenique, Diego Zappacosta","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-06676-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-06676-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Apomixis is an asexual reproduction process that allows plants to bypass meiosis and fertilization, resulting in clonal seeds that are genetically identical to the maternal genotype. Eragrostis curvula is a grass species used as model to disclose the mechanism associated to diplosporous apomixis. Previously, the first E. curvula linkage maps were developed using a F1 population derived from a cross between a sexual female parent (cv. OTA-S) and a facultative apomictic pollen donor (cv. Don Walter). Even though this work allows the identification a markers linked to apomixis in the male parent, the number of hybrids was not enough to produce a consensus map. Here, a new population is presented, increasing the number of genotyped hybrids to 107 which allows the construction of a consensus map and the development of KASP markers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We constructed a consensus linkage map at the tetraploid level using a mapping population segregating for reproductive mode. Within this map, a region associated with apomeiosis (the APO locus) was identified using maternal and paternal SNP markers, along with three paternal markers that exhibited strong linkage with the trait. KASP markers were developed, one of which demonstrated 100% concordance with the cytoembryological phenotype of individuals in both the mapping population and other E. curvula genotypes. Through synteny analysis, the APO locus was mapped onto the E. curvula reference genome, and two genes that could be part of molecular pathways involved in apomeiosis were proposed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study presents the first consensus genetic map and the development of KASP markers for phenotyping reproductive modes in E. curvula. This map enables the association of the apomixis-determining region with molecular markers from both parental genotypes, including the reference sexual tetraploid genotype of the species (OTA-S). The development and validation of co-dominant molecular KASP markers linked to the APO locus provide a crucial tool for future research and breeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"658"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12085070/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144092809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}