BMC Plant Biology最新文献

{"title":"In vitro propagation of Stephania pierrei diels and exploration of its potential as sustainable phytochemical production from tuber and callus.","authors":"Chanakan Laksana, Onsulang Sophiphun, Somsak Nualkaew, Sontichai Chanprame","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-06422-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-06422-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The tuber of Stephania pierrei Diels has been used for treating cardiovascular disease, migraine, and body edema and may exhibit antimalarial, anticancer, and anticholinesterase properties. It is also a popular ornamental plant. Consequently, plant tubers have been extensively harvested from the wild, posing a high risk of extinction. We assessed the in vitro propagation and essential phytochemical production from the calli of S. pierrei.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The highest callus weight (1.52-1.59 g) induced from the tuber flesh without peel occurred when using Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with basal salts supplemented with 3-4 mg/L benzyladenine (BA) and 0.1 or 0.5 mg/L naphthaleneacetic acid. MS medium with a concentration of 3 mg/L BA was the most efficient medium for shoot regeneration, producing an average of 7.40 ± 1.140 shoots. Similarly, MS medium with 1 mg/L meta-topolin (mT) was most efficient for multiple shoot production (with an average of 13.40 ± 2.30 shoots). Root induction was successfully performed using the ½ MS medium. HPLC analysis revealed that calluses, tubers without peel, tubers with peels, and peels contained fangchinoline, cepharantine, and tetrandrine. Peels had the highest amounts of the first two alkaloids and a high amount of tetrandrine, which was related to the relative expression levels of three genes involved in the isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis pathway: coclaurine N-methyltransferase (CNMT), norcoclaurine synthase (NCS), and 6-O-methyltransferase (6OMT). GC-MS was employed for phytochemical identification of callus and tuber with peel, which revealed that out of the 24 phytochemicals identified, 13 were only found in callus and 5 were present only in tubers. DPPH scavenging percentage, ferric reducing antioxidant power, and ABTS radical cation scavenging activity assays revealed that the extracts from the four tissues showed antioxidant activities. The peel showed significantly higher total flavonoid and phenolic content, whereas the callus displayed the highest total alkaloid concentration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Producing secondary metabolites such as cepharantine, tetrandrine, and fangchinoline by culturing callus holds potential as a low-cost and sustainable method for producing pharmaceutical phytochemicals.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"377"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11934495/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143708561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis reveals the potential mechanism by which Methyl jasmonate enhances the pungent flavor of soilless-cultivated Chinese chives (Allium tuberosum).","authors":"Cheng Wang, Jing Zhang, Jing Li, Qiang Chai, Jianming Xie","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-06410-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-06410-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) is an effective plant elicitor that enhances secondary metabolism. Chinese chives are prized for their pungent flavor, yet the biosynthetic pathways and regulatory mechanisms of flavor compounds induced by MeJA remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This study integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses to elucidate how MeJA modulates the biosynthesis of flavor substance precursors in soilless-cultivated Chinese chives.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MeJA treatment improved the dry matter content and nutritional quality of Chinese chives. We identified 36 volatile and 183 nonvolatile differentially abundant metabolites between the MeJA-treated and control groups. Gene expression analysis revealed 193 candidate genes associated with flavor formation. Among all the genes, a total of 2,667 DEGs were enriched primarily in metabolic pathways, including secondary metabolite biosynthesis, linoleic acid metabolism, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. Furthermore, exogenous MeJA inhibited the synthesis of endogenous jasmonic acid as well as enzyme activity and gene expression related to metabolic pathways. It also promoted the conversion of S-alkyl-L-cysteine to S-alk(en)ylcysteine sulfoxides (CSOs), increasing the accumulation of the flavor precursor CSOs and increasing the levels of S-methyl-L-cysteine. This led to increased concentrations of the key garlic flavor compounds methiin and alliin, intensifying the pungent flavor of Chinese chives. Notably, MeJA-induced AtuFMO1 was associated with enhanced pungent flavor and may be regulated by AtuPHL7 and AP2/ERF-ERF transcription factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, exogenous MeJA activates key enzyme-encoding genes involved in the biosynthesis of garlic flavor precursor CSOs, leading to increased accumulation of the spicy compounds Methiin and Alliin. These findings establish AtuFMO1 as a central hub linking hormonal signaling to flavor biosynthesis and provide molecular targets for improving Allium crop flavor and quality through precision horticulture.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"375"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11931784/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal dynamics of nutrient release from mulching of legume roots and shoots litter driven by microbial community during decomposition in organic orchards.","authors":"Mingming Cai, Huimin Chen, Hua Tan, Jiaxuan Chen, Shubin He, Mingxiu Long","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-06392-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-06392-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Grass residue decomposition is crucial for nutrient cycling in agro-ecosystems, enhancing nutrient utilization efficiency and supporting sustainable crop management. While grass mulching has been widely studied for improving orchard soil fertility, the role of soil microbial communities in decomposing different plant organs remains unclear. Before decomposition, the aboveground and belowground plant parts were harvested and placed in separate litterbags, which were later used for evaluating the decomposition rate and chemical characteristics of the shoots and roots for 40 days (at 10 days intervals). The changes in soil fertility, soil microenvironment, soil microbial community were measured after 0, 1 and 3 months, alongside analysis of key microbial taxa under different residues treatments. The remaining mass of root litter treatment was significantly higher than that of other treatments by 72.97%, 17.53% during 1-10 days and 30-40 days, respectively. During the 40-days period, the release of potassium (K) from root litter reached 58.61%, and the decomposition of lignin was recorded at 56.94%, whereas the release of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) remained relatively stable. Despite no significant changes in nodes, edges, and links at 30 and 90 days, the co-occurrence network of root litter exhibited modularity values of 0.774 and 0.773, respectively. The values were higher than those observed in random networks, indicating the presence of functional modules and enhanced stability within the root microbial community. Litter organs enhanced decomposition rates by positively influencing soil fertility and keystone microbial decomposers, while its soil microenvironment affects decomposition rates. Despite its recalcitrance, the chemical composition of root litter plays a key role in regulating soil microbial community structure and improving soil fertility, thereby maintaining orchard ecosystem functionality.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"374"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11931831/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive characterization and diversity analysis of the HIS1 gene family in rice subpopulations for herbicide resistance.","authors":"May Htet Aung, Sang-Ho Chu, Bhagwat Nawade, Yong-Jin Park","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-06379-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-06379-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Understanding the genetic diversity and functional roles of key resistance genes is crucial for developing sustainable weed management strategies in rice cultivation. HIS1 (HPPD INHIBITOR SENSITIVE 1) confers broad-spectrum resistance to β-triketone herbicides in rice. However, despite its importance, the family of HIS1-like genes (HSLs) in rice remains largely uncharacterized.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Here, we identified 25 HIS1 gene family members across four rice subpopulations, including 13 in Nipponbare, 4 in Minghui 63, 6 in Zhenshan 97, and 4 in Nagina-22. Phylogenetic analysis grouped these members into seven distinct subfamilies (HIS1, HSL1 ~ HSL6). While HIS1, HSL2, and HSL3 were present across all subpopulations, others exhibited subpopulation-specific presence/absence, underscoring the influence of evolutionary pressures on the HIS1 gene family. Haplotype analysis of family genes within a collection of 475 rice accessions revealed natural genetic variation for only three genes: HIS1, HSL2, and HSL3, with japonica accessions exhibiting high conservation across all genes, while indica accessions displayed diversity, forming 25 haplotypes for HSL3 and four for HSL2. However, these haplotypes did not strongly correlate with Benzobicyclon (BBC) resistance, suggesting that natural variations of these genes are not primary determinants of herbicide response. Expression profiling under BBC treatment revealed ecotype-specific regulation, with notable upregulation of HSL5 in BBC-resistant accessions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our analysis identified tandem duplication as a major driver for the expansion and diversification of HIS1 family members on chromosome 6 in japonica rice. The upregulation of HSL5 in herbicide response points to its potential role in mediating BBC resistance in indica ecotypes. Employing an ecotype-specific reference genome could further enhance insights into herbicide resistance mechanisms. This comprehensive analysis enhances understanding of the evolutionary patterns and functions of HIS1 family genes in rice, offering valuable knowledge for future herbicide resistance breeding programs.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"371"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11931842/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assembly and comparative analysis of the complete mitochondrial of Spodiopogon sagittifolius, an endemic and protective species from Yunnan, China.","authors":"Chao Xu, Wei Bi, Ren-Yi Ma, Pin-Rong Li, Feng Liu, Zhen-Wen Liu","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-06341-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-06341-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Spodiopogon sagittifolius, a C4 plant closely related to cultivated crops, is an edible resource and a Class II nationally protected species in China. Endemic to Yunnan, its populations are declining due to habitat destruction, highlighting its resource and conservation importance. Despite its significance, the molecular phylogenetic relationships and genetic mechanisms of adaptive evolution in the genus Spodiopogon remain poorly understood.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We successfully assembled and annotated the first mitochondrial genome of S. sagittifolius using HiFi sequencing and the PMAT tool. The genome is 500,699 bp in length with a GC content of 43.15%. Synteny and dN/dS analyses revealed structural and functional conservation of mitochondrial genomes in closely related species, with most protein-coding genes under purifying selection (dN/dS < 1). Notably, nad2 exhibited signs of positive selection (dN/dS = 1.49), indicating potential adaptive evolution. Extensive RNA editing events were detected across 27 protein-coding genes, predominantly involving C-to-U conversions, with synonymous mutations accounting for 49.65% of the edits. Strong codon usage bias favoring A/U-ending codons and the identification of repeat sequences suggest enhanced mitochondrial efficiency and stress adaptation. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed the taxonomic placement of S. sagittifolius within the Andropogoneae tribe.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides the first insights into the mitochondrial genome evolution of S. sagittifolius, highlighting key features linked to stress tolerance and adaptive evolution. These findings establish a foundation for its conservation and potential domestication, with implications for crop improvement and ecological resilience.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"373"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11931821/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of diverse crop establishment techniques and weed management approaches in rice-chickpea cropping systems on soil attributes.","authors":"Konathala Kusumavathi, Smritikana Sarkar, Md Anwar Ali, Shilpi Bera, V V S Jaya Krishna, Shrabanti Maity, Naorem Meena Devi, Pintoo Bandopadhyay","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-06369-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-06369-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Modern agricultural systems demand an integrative approach to address the challenges of food security, resource conservation and sustainability. Balancing the demands for increased food production with the imperative to conserve vital resources has never been more pressing. This study investigates the dynamic interplay between crop establishment methods and weed management practices in the cultivation of Kharif rice followed by chickpea in 2019-2020 and 2020-2021. Various properties of soil physio-chemical and biological were significantly influenced by different crop establishment methods and weed management practices in the rice-chickpea cropping system. Physical properties like bulk and particle density were reported the highest in transplanted under puddled treatment after harvest of rice (1.44 Mg m^- 3 and 2.53 Mg m^- 3) and chickpea (1.46 Mg m^- 3 and 2.54 Mg m^- 3) while the MWHC was maximum (56%) in unpuddled soils than in puddled soils. Various chemical properties like OC reported the highest in transplanted under unpuddled after harvest of rice (5.19 g kg^- 1) and after harvest of chickpea (5.23 g kg^- 1) found maximum in Wet-DSR under unpuddled. Other properties like available N, P and K recorded the maximum values in unpuddled Wet-DSR. After each crop harvest, microbial population and biomass of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus and the activity of enzymes like dehydrogenase, urease and phosphatase recorded the highest in unpuddled Wet-DSR treatment. Among weed management practices, MWHC, all chemical and biological properties reported the maximum in intercropping with Sesbania for after harvest of rice while in case of after chickpea harvest, found in mulching with paddy straw.The bulk and particle density reported maximum in weed-free plots after each crop harvest.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"372"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11931794/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Induction of microspore embryogenesis in bread wheat by mannitol pre-treatment is associated with the disruption of endogenous hormone balance and substantial accumulation of auxins.","authors":"Agnieszka Springer, Monika Krzewska, Ewa Dubas, Przemysław Kopeć, Lenka Plačková, Karel Doležal, Dorota Weigt, Iwona Żur","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-06389-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-06389-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hormonal homeostasis plays a critical role in the regulation of microspore embryogenesis (ME). The balance between endogenous phytohormones must be altered to induce microspore reprogramming from the classical pollen-formation pathway to embryogenic development, but too extensive changes may be detrimental. In the present study, the levels of auxins, cytokinins and abscisic acid were monitored in the anthers of two Polish winter wheat F1 lines and the spring cultivar Pavon highly differentiated in terms of ME effectiveness. Analyses were carried out at subsequent steps of the ME induction procedure that combined low temperature, sodium selenate and mannitol tiller pre-treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of all the factors tested, mannitol induced the most profound effect on phytohormones and their homeostasis in wheat anthers. It significantly increased the accumulation of all auxins and decreased the levels of most cytokinins, while the change in ABA content was limited to cv. Pavon. In an attempt to alleviate this hormonal shock, we tested several modifications of the induction medium hormonal composition and found thidiazuron to be the most promising in stimulating the embryogenic development of wheat microspores.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The lack of ABA-driven stress defence responses may be one of the reasons for the low effectiveness of ME induction in winter wheat microspore cultures. Low cytokinin level and a disturbed auxin/cytokinin balance may then be responsible for the morphological abnormalities observed during the next phases of embryogenic microspore development. One possible solution is to modify the hormonal composition of the induction medium with thidiazuron identified as the most promising component.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"370"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11929367/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143676612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic dissection of maize grain moisture content and dehydration rate using high-density bin mapping in a recombinant inbred line population.","authors":"Jun Zhang, Yingying Zhang, Fengqi Zhang, Lei Tian, Zhiyan Ma, Xiaopan Wu, Qingwei Zhou, Qianjin Zhang, Xinyuan Mu, Yanping Fan, Laikun Xia, Yong Ding","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-06404-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-06404-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Maize (Zea mays L.) grain moisture content (GMC) at harvest is a key determinant of seed preservation, grain quality, and drying costs, with the grain dehydration rate (GDR) playing a critical role in determining GMC. This study focused on understanding the genetic basis of GDR by utilizing a recombinant inbred line population of 310 lines derived from PB80 and PHJ65, assessed across three environments with high-density SNP markers. A genetic linkage map spanning 1237.36 cM with 5235 bin markers was constructed, leading to the identification of 23 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with GMC and Area Under the Dry Down Curve (AUDDC) across multiple chromosomes, with several QTLs explaining over 10% of the phenotypic variance. Significant QTLs, including qGMC1.1, qGMC2.2, and qAUDDC2.2, were consistently detected across various environments and developmental stages. Transcriptomic analysis identified 21 candidate genes within these QTL regions, including key transcription factors and metabolism-related genes. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the genetic control of GMC and GDR, may serve as a foundation for future breeding efforts in maize breeding to enhance mechanized production efficiency and reduce post-harvest drying costs.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"369"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11927227/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143676583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation, characterization and screening of phosphate (P) solubilizing actinomycetes and exploring its potency in finger millet (Eleusine coracana L.).","authors":"Palla Madhu Babu, Narayan Panda, Rabindra Kumar Nayak, Debadatta Sethi, Sabyasachi Biswal, Mihir Kumar Mishra, Satarupa Datta, S Karubakee, Nalla Sai Suchitha, Meenakhi Prusty, Anshuman Nayak, Rabiratna Dash, Sushanta Kumar Pattanayak","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-06385-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-06385-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Phosphorus (P) bioavailability, a major problem in acidic agro-ecosystem due to its fixation in clay lattices. Bioavailability of insoluble P is enhanced by phosphate solubilizing microorganisms (PSMs). Therefore, the current study was carried out to evaluate the phosphate solubilizing efficiency of isolated actinomycetes from different acid soils.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Isolation of actinomycetes from native soils and its potency was studied in a pot experiment with fourteen treatments, laid out in completely randomized design.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 54 actinomycetes strains were isolated out of which six strains showed the ability of P solubilization and tested positive for biochemical tests like urease, methyl red, ammonia production and decomposition of esculin, starch, casein, hippurate. Three isolated actinomycetes strains (S18,S19,S16) performed better in in-vitro P solubilization and in measurement of optical density, IAA production and pathogen test. Pot experiment with the best three microbial strains of actinomycetes was studied to evaluate the potency in test crop finger millet with a set of treatments comprising of with and without inorganic phosphorus. Growth parameters like, plant height(cm) varied from 56.11 ± 2.86 to 72.89 ± 1.43 cm, root length was in range of 36.89 ± 2.44 to 65.44 ± 2.89 cm. Root dry weight(g) varied from 8.16 ± 0.41 to13.96 ± 0.78 and shoot dry weight(g) from 6.72 ± 0.74 to 13.80 ± 1.68. Photosynthetic activity like chlorophyll content (SPAD) varied from 18.36 ± 0.49 to 28.24 ± 0.13. Root volume was also influenced by combination of isolated actinomycetes stains with inorganic P fertilizers. Highest phosphorous uptake of shoot and root (mg pot^- 1) were 30.15 ± 6.31; 13.80 ± 2.65 respectively in the best performed strain S18 followed by S19,S16 and control pots.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on biochemical and genomic studies, three best isolated microbial strains viz. S18 (Streptomyces cellostaticus), S19 (Streptomyces durhamensis) and S16 (Streptomyces longiwodensis) were confirmed as actinomycetes. Findings on pot experiment resulted that use of isolated actinomycetes strains along with 75% inorganic P fertilizer in finger millet crop can be recommended for enhancing P use efficiency under acidic Inceptisols.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"362"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11924867/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143669000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis revealed the salt tolerance mechanism of Populus talassica × Populus euphratica.","authors":"Ying Liu, Mengxu Su, Xiaoqing Zhao, Meilin Liu, Jiaju Wu, Xiaofeng Wu, Zhanyuan Lu, Zhanjiang Han","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-06288-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-06288-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To investigate the salt tolerance of Populus talassica × Populus euphratica, morphological and physiological parameters were measured on the second day after the 15th, 30th and 45th days of NaCl treatment, revealing significant effects of NaCl on growth. To further elucidate the mechanisms underlying salt tolerance, transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis were conducted under different NaCl treatments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of morphological and physiological indexes showed that under low salt treatment, P. talassica × P. euphratica was able to coordinate the growth of aboveground and belowground parts. Under high salt concentration, the growth and water balance of P. talassica × P. euphratica were markedly inhibited. The most significant differences between treatments were observed on the second day after the 45th day of NaCl treatment. Transcriptomic analysis showed that the pathways of gene enrichment in the roots and stems of P. talassica × P. euphratica were different in the salt resistance response. And it involves several core pathways such as plant hormone signal transduction, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, MAPK signaling pathway-plant, plant- pathogen interaction, carbon metabolism, biosynthesis of amino acids, and several key Transcription factors (TFs) such as AP2/ERF, NAC, WRKY and bZIP. Metabolomic analysis revealed that KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed unique metabolic pathways were enriched in P. talassica × P. euphratica under both 200 mM and 400 mM NaCl treatments. Additionally, while there were some differences in the metabolic pathways enriched in the roots and stems, both tissues commonly enriched pathways related to the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, biosynthesis of cofactors, biosynthesis of amino acids, flavonoid biosynthesis, and ABC transporters. Association analysis further indicated that biosynthesis of amino acids and plant hormone signal transduction pathway play key roles in the response of P. talassica × P. euphratica to salt stress. The interactions between the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and several differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs), especially the strong association between LOC105124002 and Jasmonoyl-L-Isoleucine (pme2074), were again revealed by the interactions analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this study, we resolved the changes of metabolic pathways in roots and stems of P. talassica × P. euphratica under different NaCl treatments and explored the associations between characteristic DEGs and DAMs, which provided insights into the mechanisms of P. talassica × P. euphratica in response to salt stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"361"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11924769/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143669057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}