BMC Plant Biology最新文献

{"title":"Peppermint hydrosol as a novel bio-stimulant promotes growth and antioxidant activity of Solanum lycopersicum L.","authors":"Anam Khalil, Shumaila Mansha, Zahoor Ahmad Sajid, Faheem Aftab","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-06144-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-06144-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The genus Mentha has promising antifungal, antiviral, antibacterial, antioxidant and plant growth promoting activities. Mint hydrosols is a product of hydro-distillation of mint plants and is obtained during the extraction process of essential oils. The present study attempts to investigate the role of mint hydrosol in promoting growth of tomato plants. Seedlings of uniform size raised from healthy seeds were planted in pots under open field conditions. The well-established tomato plants were treated with different concentrations (0, 25, 50 and 100%) of freshly prepared mint hydrosol as foliar spray twice a week. The hydrosol was applied for six weeks. At the time of completion of the experiment, data for different vegetative growth parameters such as shoot length (cm), number of leaves, root length (cm) and stem diameter (cm) were noted. A suitable scale was used to measure the length of shoot and root. Increased root and shoot length (58.05 and 23.46 cm from 40.99 to 16.45 cm, respectively), fresh and dry weight of shoots and roots (28.0 and 3.43 g) were observed at 100% hydrosol treatment. There was a significant increase in number of flowers (5.41), leaves, and fruits (3.79) after 6 weeks at 100% hydrosol treatment. Fruit size and weight (3.79 cm, and 31.12 g, respectively) was also higher in tomato plants treated with 100% mint hydrosol. Activities of antioxidant enzymes were also significantly enhanced, e.g., superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) (41.0 U. mg^- 1 of protein, 5.1 U. mL^- 1 of enzyme and 5.28 U. mL^- 1 of enzyme from 23.09 U. mg^- 1 of protein, 3.01 U. mL^- 1 of enzyme and 3.12 U. mL^- 1 of enzyme, respectively) by treatment with 100% hydrosol. Relative water content, total chlorophyll content, total phenols, polyphenols oxidase and uptake of various ions (Na^+ 1, K^+ 1, Mg^+ 2, and Zn^+ 2) also increased significantly (45.1 mg. L^- 1, 34.67 mg. L^- 1, 1.59 mg. L^- 1, 1.03 mg. L^- 1, respectively) in hydrosol treated plants. It can, therefore, be concluded that application of peppermint hydrosol enhances the growth, antioxidant activity and mineral uptake in tomato.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"894"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12239339/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144599467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolutionary dynamics of Orchid DL paralogs: gene duplication, functional divergence, and expression patterns across Orchid subfamilies.","authors":"Francesca Lucibelli, Angela Carfora, Annette Becker, Katrin Ehlers, Serena Aceto","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-06936-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-06936-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"889"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12235851/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144590459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"StMYB308L and its regulatory role in flavonoid biosynthesis pathways in potato.","authors":"Juan Wu, Peijie Wang, Rui Xie, Hushuai Nie, Xiaojuan Wu, Yu Ma, Chunxing Lu, Enze Yang, Nan Li, Yanhong Ma","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-06897-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-06897-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a globally significant tuber crop, and colored potatoes, as a unique cultivar of potato, have garnered considerable attention from scholars in recent years.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>StMYB308L, belonging to R2R3-MYB, is 804 bp in length and encodes 267 amino acids, which are locatized in the nucleus. The expression of StMYB308L could be regulated under GA3 and ethylene glycol treatment, and was more significant in purple potato tubers flesh under different temperature treatments. Over-expression StMYB308L transgenic potato and tobacco plants were obtained through genetic transformation. The stalks of transgenic potato was deepened in color, and the expression of key genes related to flavonoid synthesis, StCHS, StF3'5 H, StCHI and StDFR, was significantly increased. The petal color of transgenic tobacco was deepened, and the anthocyanin content, flavonoid content and total antioxidant capacity in trangenic petals were higher than those of wild-type tobacco. A total of 20,775 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained between transgenic tobacco and wild-type tobacco by transcriptomics, and they were mainly enriched in secondary metabolite synthesis, phytohormone signaling, starch and sucrose metabolism, phenylpropane biosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis and other pathways.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Further analysis indicated that overexpression of StMYB308L up-regulated the expression pattern of genes Nt4CLs, NtDFRs, NtANSs, and NtBZ1s, which involved in the flavonoids, anthocyanins, flavonoid and anthocyanin accumulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"890"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12235988/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144590460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glycyrrhiza plastid paternal inheritance and a new DNA barcode provide new strategies for molecular identification of three medicinal licorice hybrid complexes.","authors":"Jiafen Luo, Xuerong Zheng, Qian Xin, Mengnan Liu, Jie Zhang, Wenqing Chen, Chaonan Chen, Chaoyue Zhang, Guigui Wan, Caixia Xia, Jiahui Lu","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-06819-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-06819-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"885"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12232845/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144574836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome‑wide identification of the cotton FAR gene family reveals GhFAR3 as a positive regulator of Verticillium dahliae resistance.","authors":"Wenhan Cheng, Siqi Gao, Zhaojie He, Nurimanguli Aini, Zengqiang Zhao, Xianpeng Xiong, Ning Wang, Rui Chen, Keyun Feng","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-06908-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-06908-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although fatty acyl-CoA reductase (FAR) proteins are known to play essential roles in plant growth and development, their involvement in biotic and abiotic stress responses remains insufficiently characterized. In this study, we performed a comprehensive genome-wide analysis of 31 FAR genes across four cotton species (Gossypium arboreum, G. raimondii, G. hirsutum, and G. barbadense). Phylogenetic and synteny analyses classified these FAR genes into three distinct clades, with whole-genome duplication events contributing significantly to their expansion. Promoter cis-element analysis and transcriptome profiling revealed that while most FAR genes were downregulated under abiotic stress, many were notably upregulated in response to hormone treatments and Verticillium dahliae infection. Among them, GhFAR3 showed strong induction upon pathogen challenge. Functional validation using virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) demonstrated that silencing GhFAR3 compromised resistance to V. dahliae, correlating with a marked reduction in suberin deposition in root tissues. These findings uncover a previously unrecognized role of FAR-mediated lipid metabolism in plant defense and establish GhFAR3 as a key positive regulator of cotton resistance to V. dahliae through suberin biosynthesis in roots. This study provides novel insights into the integration of lipid biosynthesis and pathogen resistance pathways in cotton.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"887"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12232658/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144583127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From nematode identification to sustainable solution: developing tissue culture propagation for Micranthemum and Cryptocoryne ornamental aquatic plants.","authors":"Tsung-Meng Wu, Kuang-Teng Wang, Chia-Chen Su, I-En Shih, Chia-An Liu, Yuh Tzean","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-06894-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-06894-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ornamental aquarium plants, particularly the genera Micranthemum and Cryptocoryne, are prized for enhancing aquascapes' aesthetics. However, they face challenges in propagation due to susceptibility to pests and complex cultivation requirements. This study aimed to develop in vitro propagation techniques for Micranthemum and Cryptocoryne spp. By using a 0.5% sodium hypochlorite solution for disinfection, we developed effective methods for establishing nematode-free cultures. For Micranthemum sp. 'Monte Carlo', the optimal condition for adventitious bud proliferation was 0.1 mg/L 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), while M. glomeratus showed optimal proliferation with plant growth regulator (PGR)-free media. Cryptocoryne sp. 'Flamingo' exhibited optimal proliferation when treated with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) at 4.0 or 6.0 mg/L combined with 0.1 mg/L NAA. For root formation, both Micranthemum sp. 'Monte Carlo' and M. glomeratus performed best in PGR-free conditions, while Cryptocoryne sp. 'Flamingo' achieved the highest root formation with 0.4 mg/L BAP and NAA-free media. During acclimatization, all three species showed a 100% survival rate across all tested substrates-silica sand, a mixture of aqua soil and silica sand, and exclusively aqua soil, with the latter outperforming others in promoting growth. This study presents robust in vitro propagation protocols that not only enhance the proliferation and growth of popular ornamental aquarium plants but also promise to mitigate the propagation challenges they face, contributing towards sustainable ornamental horticulture and reinforcing the ecological and aesthetic value of aquascaping.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"886"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12232579/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144583126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep learning method for cucumber disease detection in complex environments for new agricultural productivity.","authors":"Jun Liu, Xuewei Wang, Qian Chen, Peng Yan, Xin Liu","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-06841-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-06841-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cucumber disease detection under complex agricultural conditions faces significant challenges due to multi-scale variation, background clutter, and hardware limitations. This study proposes YOLO-Cucumber, an improved lightweight detection algorithm based on YOLOv11n, incorporating four key innovations: (1) Deformable Convolutional Networks (DCN) for enhanced feature extraction of irregular targets, (2) a P2 prediction layer for fine-grained detection of early-stage lesions, (3) a Target-aware Loss (TAL) function addressing class imbalance, and (4) Channel Pruning via Batch Normalization (CPBN) for model compression. Experiments on our cucumber disease dataset demonstrate that YOLO-Cucumber achieves a 6.5% improvement in mAP@50 (93.8%), while reducing model size by 3.87 MB and increasing inference speed to 218 FPS. The model effectively handles symptom variability and complex detection scenarios, outperforming mainstream detection algorithms in accuracy, speed, and compactness, making it ideal for embedded agricultural applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"888"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12232721/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144583125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of chloroplast genomes within Saxifraga sect. Ciliatae: insights into their adaptation to the alpine environment.","authors":"Dan Li, Huiling Li, Luxuan Yang, Xi Luo, Hong Chang, Xiaoting Xu, Xiulian Chi","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-06706-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-06706-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Saxifraga sect. Ciliatae, comprising about 200 species, primarily concentrated in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP), exhibits high species richness in alpine regions, showing variations in habitat, morphology, physiology, and life cycles. Its adaptation to alpine environments renders it ideal for understanding the genetic basis of how species cope with cold climates. In this study, we sequenced, assembled and analyzed the chloroplast genomes of 20 Saxifraga sect. Ciliatae species and found that chloroplast genomes are generally conserved, with three highly variable regions: psbI-trnS, petG-trnW, and gene ycf1. Phylogenetic analyses (ML and BI) supported the monophyly of Saxifraga sect. Ciliatae, identifying three main clades. Genes cemA, infA and psbB were found to be associated with high-altitude adaptation. Furthermore, psbB may have undergone intracellular gene transfer and exhibited different selective pressures between the transcriptome and chloroplast genome.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"884"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12228397/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144564497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic reallocation in soybeans under shade stress alters phenylpropanoid profiles with implications for stress adaptation and seed composition.","authors":"Wenting Qin, Juncai Deng, Jingya Guo, Wenyu Yang, Jiang Liu","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-06893-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-06893-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Shade stress induces significant metabolic reallocation in soybeans, altering both nutritional composition and adaptation strategies to low-light environments. Using Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) of the shade-sensitive variety C103, we identified 19 differential metabolites (Variable Importance in Projection, VIP > 1; p < 0.05), including 9 upregulated metabolites-such as essential amino acids-that may enhance protein quality under shade. Conversely, 10 metabolites, primarily key flavonoids like daidzein and genistin, were downregulated, indicating potential compromises in antioxidant capacity and stress resilience. Shade stress markedly reshaped the phenylpropanoid pathway, particularly affecting the biosynthesis of isoflavones, anthocyanins, and lignin. Shade-tolerant varieties displayed elevated isoflavone and anthocyanin accumulation while moderating lignin synthesis, reflecting a strategic focus on metabolites with adaptive and health-promoting functions. In contrast, shade-sensitive varieties prioritized lignin production at the expense of isoflavones, potentially reducing their nutritional and functional value. Organ-specific responses were evident: in C103 seedlings, roots maintained sustained isoflavone accumulation under moderate shade (Red/Far-Red ratio, R/FR = 0.7), while leaves showed a decline with prolonged exposure. These results highlight a metabolic trade-off between defense investment and energy conservation in different tissues. Overall, this study underscores the pivotal role of metabolic reallocation-especially within the phenylpropanoid pathway-in mediating soybean shade adaptation and nutritional traits. By integrating metabolomic profiling with pathway analysis, our findings offer new insights for breeding and management strategies to enhance soybean performance and sustainability under low-light conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"870"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12232139/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144564520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive genome-wide analysis of bHLH family genes in Nymphaea colorata and molecular characterization of NcTT8.","authors":"Qi Liu, Yezi Zhao, Yun Wang, Qian Wei, Yan Zhang, Shujuan Li","doi":"10.1186/s12870-025-06888-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12870-025-06888-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Water lilies (Nymphaea spp.) are important aquatic ornamental plants with significant research value in horticulture, ecosystem studies, and evolutionary biology. The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors, one of the largest transcription factor families in plants, play pivotal roles in regulating plant growth and development, secondary metabolism, and stress responses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 76 bHLH genes, including 5 MYC genes, were identified in N. colorata. Among these, 18 genes underwent segmental duplication, while five genes experienced tandem duplication. Natural selection was identified as the primary driver of codon usage bias in NcbHLH genes. Promoter analysis revealed multiple cis-acting elements associated with hormone responses and abiotic stress responses. Functional annotation suggested that several NcbHLH transcription factors may be involved in floral organ development, stress responses, and the jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway. Notably, NcMYC3, a homolog of TT8, was localized to the nucleus and demonstrated transcriptional activation activity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study systematically elucidates the evolutionary characteristics and functional properties of the N. colorata bHLH gene family, providing a foundation for further exploration of the regulatory mechanisms of bHLH transcription factors and their roles in anthocyanin biosynthesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9198,"journal":{"name":"BMC Plant Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"878"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12226895/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144564498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}