Biotechnology and Bioengineering最新文献

{"title":"Impact of Hormone on Growth and GA3 Regulation of Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Suspension-Culture Cells of Cyclocarya paliurus","authors":"Chuanqing Pan,&nbsp;Yuan Liu,&nbsp;Daobang Tang,&nbsp;Jiguang Chen,&nbsp;Zhongping Yin","doi":"10.1002/bit.28913","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bit.28913","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hormones are effective in regulating plant metabolism and, therefore, are often used in plant cell culture to increase the yield of target products. This study investigated the effects of hormones on the growth and anthocyanin biosynthesis of suspension-cultured red <i>Cyclocarya paliurus</i> cells. Additionally, the mechanism by which gibberellin induces anthocyanin biosynthesis was explored through multi-omics integrated analysis and the assay of the dynamic changes in signaling molecule concentration. The results showed that the total anthocyanin content and yield of suspension-cultured cells, when induced by 1.0 mg L⁻¹ Gibberellin A₃ (GA₃), experienced increases of 1.92- and 1.83-fold, respectively. The application of exogenous GA₃ activated the synthesis and transduction of four signaling molecules, that is, nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), salicylic acid (SA), and jasmonic acid (JA), in the cells and altered the expression patterns of transcription factors. The altered expression of transcription factors upregulated the expression of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes such as <i>anthocyanin-3-O-glucosyl transferase</i> and <i>leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase</i>, while downregulated the expression of <i>anthocyanin reductase</i> and <i>flavonoid 3′,5′,-hydroxylase</i>, which activated the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway, ultimately leading to a significant increase in anthocyanin biosynthesis. This research work establishes a foundation for further research on the role of hormones in regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis in suspension-cultured plant cells.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9168,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and Bioengineering","volume":"122 4","pages":"948-962"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142874560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on Intelligent Monitoring and Concentration Prediction for Penicillin Fermentation Process","authors":"Yin Zhang,&nbsp;Kai Zhang,&nbsp;Ting Hu,&nbsp;Libo Yuan","doi":"10.1002/bit.28903","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bit.28903","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the biopharmaceutical industry, accurately predicting penicillin concentration during fermentation is key to boosting production efficiency and quality assurance. This study leverages the PenSim simulation data set and applies various machine learning and deep learning techniques to forecast penicillin fermentation concentration. Initially, through correlation analysis, nine feature variables with significant impacts on penicillin concentration were screened, and the data underwent preprocessing and standardization. Using grid search, we systematically optimize the hyperparameters of various prediction models. Results show that the ridge regression model excels, achieving a mean squared error of 0.0512 and a mean absolute error of 0.0361. This indicates a strong linear relationship between penicillin concentration and the selected features. Our study offers data-driven insights for intelligent monitoring and optimization of penicillin fermentation processes. It also showcases the potential of artificial intelligence in enhancing control of biotechnological facilities, paving the way for future research.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9168,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and Bioengineering","volume":"122 3","pages":"570-578"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142874561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient Multiplex Genome Editing of the Cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 via CRISPR-Cas12a","authors":"Wei Du,&nbsp;Luna L. Meister,&nbsp;Tobias van Grinsven,&nbsp;Filipe Branco dos Santos","doi":"10.1002/bit.28910","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bit.28910","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cyanobacteria have been genetically modified to convert CO₂ into biochemical products, but efficient genetic engineering tools, including CRISPR-Cas systems, remain limited. This is primarily due to the polyploid nature of cyanobacteria, which hinders their effectiveness. Here, we address the latter by specifically (i) modifying the RSF1010-based replicative plasmid to simplify cloning efforts while maintaining high conjugation efficiency; (ii) improving the design of the guide RNA (gRNA) to facilitate chromosomal cleavage; (iii) introducing template DNA fragments as pure plasmids via natural transformation; and (iv) using <i>sacB</i> to facilitate replicative plasmid curing. With this system, the replicative plasmid containing both Cas12a and gRNA is introduced to <i>Synechocystis</i> sp. PCC6803 cells via conjugation to cleave the circular chromosomes. Template DNA plasmid that has meanwhile been assimilated will then repair it achieving the desired genetic modifications. This system was validated by successfully deleting various “neutral” chromosomal loci, both individually and collectively, as well as targeting an essential gene, <i>sll1797</i>. With the <i>sacB</i>-sucrose counter-selection, all deletions were simultaneously made markerless in &lt; 4 weeks. Moreover, we also integrate YFP with various protein degradation tags into the chromosome, allowing for their characterization at the chromosomal level. We foresee this system will greatly facilitate future genome engineering in cyanobacteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":9168,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and Bioengineering","volume":"122 3","pages":"736-743"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bit.28910","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142857803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional Expression and Construction of a Self-Sufficient Cytochrome P450 Chimera for Efficient Steroidal C14α Hydroxylation in Escherichia coli","authors":"Xia Ke,&nbsp;Hong-Duo Dong,&nbsp;Xi-Man Zhao,&nbsp;Xin-Xin Wang,&nbsp;Zhi-Qiang Liu,&nbsp;Yu-Guo Zheng","doi":"10.1002/bit.28911","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bit.28911","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>C14-functionalized steroids enabled diverse biological activities in anti-gonadotropin and anticancer therapy. However, access to C14-functionalized steroids was impeded by the deficiency of chemical synthetic methods. Recently, several membrane-bound fungal cytochrome P450s (CYPs) have been identified with steroid C14α-hydroxylation activity. However, the lack of efficient heterologous overexpression strategy hampered their further characterization and molecular engineering. In the present study, sequences of fungi-derived CYP genes encoding putative 14α-hydroxylase were selected and bioinformatically analyzed. Substitution of the N-terminal hydrophobic helix by a soluble maltose binding protein tag significantly enhanced the soluble expression level in <i>Escherichia coli</i>. A novel CYP originated from <i>Bipolaris oryzae</i> was discovered with high steroidal C14α-hydroxylation activity when coupled with the redox partner CPR_lun. A catalytically self-sufficient chimeric CYP-CPR was built by intramolecular fusion, and the electronic transfer rate was improved. A coenzyme NADPH regeneration system was finally constructed by the co-expression of glucose dehydrogenase. The developed soluble multi-enzyme cascade biotransformation system supported the selective C14α-hydroxylation toward progesterone with a final titer of 34.54 mg/L, the highest level achieved in <i>E. coli</i>-based heterologous expression system. This study provides insightful ideas on the functional expression of fungi-derived CYPs and promises an efficient C14α-hydroxylation system for steroidal drugs through protein engineering.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9168,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and Bioengineering","volume":"122 3","pages":"724-735"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142857802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Situ, High-Resolution Quantification of CO2 Uptake Rates via Automated Off-Gas Analysis Illuminates Carbon Uptake Dynamics in Cyanobacterial Cultures","authors":"Christopher M. Jones,&nbsp;Sean Innes,&nbsp;Steven Holland,&nbsp;Tyson Burch,&nbsp;Sydney Parrish,&nbsp;David R. Nielsen","doi":"10.1002/bit.28905","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bit.28905","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Quantification of cyanobacterial CO₂ fixation rates is vital to determining their potential as industrial strains in a circular bioeconomy. Currently, however, CO₂ fixation rates are most often determined through indirect and/or low-resolution methods, resulting in an incomplete picture of both dynamic behaviors and total carbon fixation potential. To address this, we developed the “Automated Carbon and CO₂ Experimental Sampling System” (ACCESS); a low-cost system for in situ off-gas analysis that supports the automated acquisition of high-resolution volumetric CO₂ uptake rates from multiple cyanobacterial cultures in parallel. Carbon fixation data obtained via ACCESS were first independently validated by elemental analysis of cultivated biomass. Using ACCESS, we then demonstrate how the volumetric CO₂ uptake rate of two model cyanobacteria, <i>Synechococcus sp</i>. PCC 7002 and <i>Synechocystis sp</i>. PCC 6803, accelerates linearly to a maximum before then decaying monotonically to cessation by stationary phase. Furthermore, consistent with the expected stoichiometry, strong correlations were also found to exist between cell growth and carbon fixation, both in terms of rates as well as total levels. The novel insights made possible via ACCESS will aid other cyanobacterial researchers in diverse fundamental and applied research efforts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9168,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and Bioengineering","volume":"122 3","pages":"594-605"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142849568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kinetic Modeling of the Antibody Disulfide Bond Reduction Reaction With Integrated Prediction of the Drug Load Profile for Cysteine-Conjugated ADCs","authors":"Jan Tobias Weggen,&nbsp;Pedro González,&nbsp;Kimberly Hui,&nbsp;Ryan Bean,&nbsp;Michaela Wendeler,&nbsp;Jürgen Hubbuch","doi":"10.1002/bit.28899","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bit.28899","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) constitute a groundbreaking advancement in the field of targeted therapy. In the widely utilized cysteine conjugation, the cytotoxic payload is attached to reduced interchain disulfides which involves a reduction of the native monoclonal antibody (mAb). This reaction needs to be thoroughly understood and controlled as it influences the critical quality attributes (CQAs) of the final ADC product, such as the drug-to-antibody ratio (DAR) and the drug load distribution (DLD). However, existing methodologies lack a mechanistic description of the relationship between process parameters and CQAs. In this context, kinetic modeling provides comprehensive reaction understanding, facilitating the model-based optimization of reduction reaction parameters and potentially reduces the experimental effort needed to develop a robust process. With this study, we introduce an integrated modeling framework consisting of a reduction kinetic model for the species formed during the mAb reduction reaction in combination with a regression model to quantify the number of conjugated drugs by DAR and DLD. The species formed during reduction will be measured by analytical capillary gel electrophoresis (CGE), and the DAR and DLD will be derived from reversed-phase (RP) chromatography. First, we present the development of a reduction kinetic model to describe the impact of reducing agent excess and reaction temperature on the kinetic, by careful investigation of different reaction networks and sets of kinetic rates. Second, we introduce a cross-analytical approach based on multiple linear regression (MLR), wherein CGE data is converted into the RP-derived DAR/DLD. By coupling this with the newly developed reduction kinetic model, an integrated model encompassing the two consecutive reaction steps, reduction and conjugation, is created to predict the final DAR/DLD from initial reduction reaction conditions. The integrated model is finally utilized for an in silico screening to analyze the effect of the reduction conditions, TCEP excess, temperature and reaction time, directly on the final ADC product.</p>","PeriodicalId":9168,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and Bioengineering","volume":"122 3","pages":"579-593"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bit.28899","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142832848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles and Their Validation as a Promising Treatment for Chondrosarcoma in a 3D Model in Vitro","authors":"Eugenia Romano,&nbsp;Francesca Perut,&nbsp;Sofia Avnet,&nbsp;Gemma Di Pompo,&nbsp;Simona Silvestri,&nbsp;Felicia Roffo,&nbsp;Nicola Baldini,&nbsp;Paolo Antonio Netti,&nbsp;Enza Torino","doi":"10.1002/bit.28909","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bit.28909","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Chondrosarcomas (CHS) constitute approximately 20% of all primary malignant bone tumors, characterized by a slow growth rate with initial manifestation of few signs and symptoms. These malignant cartilaginous neoplasms, particularly those with dedifferentiated histological subtypes, pose significant therapeutic challenges, as they exhibit high resistance to both radiation and chemotherapy. Ranging from relatively benign, low-grade tumors (grade I) to aggressive high-grade tumors with the potential for lung metastases and a grim prognosis, there is a critical need for innovative diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, particularly for patients with more aggressive forms. Herein, small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells are presented as an efficient nanodelivery tool to enhance drug penetration in an in vitro 3D model of CHS. Employing high-pressure homogenization (HPH), we achieved unprecedented encapsulation efficiency of doxorubicin (DXR) in sEVs derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-EVs). Subsequently, a comparative analysis between free DXR and MSC-EVs encapsulated with DXR (DXR-MSC-EVs) was conducted to assess their penetration and uptake efficacy in the 3D model. The results unveiled a higher incidence of necrotic cells and a more pronounced toxic effect with DXR-MSC-EVs compared to DXR alone. This underscores the remarkable ability of MSC-EVs to deliver drugs in complex environments, highlighting their potential application in the treatment of aggressive CHS.</p>","PeriodicalId":9168,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and Bioengineering","volume":"122 3","pages":"667-676"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bit.28909","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142841506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biosynthesis of Bacteriochlorophylls and Bacteriochlorophyllides in Escherichia coli","authors":"Baiyang Wang,&nbsp;Qiancheng Liao,&nbsp;Chenyang Xia,&nbsp;Fei Gan","doi":"10.1002/bit.28908","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bit.28908","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Photosynthesis, the most important biological process on Earth, converts light energy into chemical energy with essential pigments like chlorophylls and bacteriochlorophylls. The ability to reconstruct photosynthesis in heterotrophic organisms could significantly impact solar energy utilization and biomass production. In this study, we focused on constructing light-dependent biosynthesis pathways for bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) <i>a</i> and bacteriochlorophyllide (BChlide) <i>d</i> and <i>c</i> in the model strain <i>Escherichia coli</i>. The production of the starting compound, Mg protoporphyrin monomethylester, was optimized by screening the ribosome binding sites for the expression of each of the five genes. By fusing a maltose-binding protein and apolipoprotein A-I domain with the membrane protein BchF, the yield of 3-hydroxyethyl-Chlide <i>a</i> was increased by five-fold. Anaerobic cultivation of the engineered <i>E. coli</i> strains facilitated the reduction of the C7=C8 double bond by chlorophyllide <i>a</i> oxidoreductase, a critical step in BChl <i>a</i> synthesis. We further enhanced BChl <i>a</i> production by adjusting the isopropyl-β-<span>d</span>-thiogalactopyranoside concentration to optimize enzyme production and introducing an exogenous superoxide dismutase to combat oxidative stress. Additionally, fusing BciC with a RIAD tag resulted in an eight-fold increase in the production of 3-vinyl BChlide <i>d</i>. This study lays the foundation for the reconstitution of BChl-based photosynthetic apparatus in heterotrophic model organisms, offering promising avenues for future research and applications in biotechnology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9168,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and Bioengineering","volume":"122 3","pages":"710-723"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142841814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Additive-Fabricated Biphasic Scaffold for Procedurally Promoting Bone Regeneration via Antioxidant and Osteogenesis","authors":"Chunyu Han,&nbsp;Zhenxu Wu,&nbsp;Yuqi Gao,&nbsp;Shuang Yang,&nbsp;Yu Wang,&nbsp;Min Guo,&nbsp;Yueyue Li,&nbsp;Wanzhong Yin,&nbsp;Ling Liu,&nbsp;Wenzhi Song,&nbsp;Peibiao Zhang,&nbsp;Liqiang Wang","doi":"10.1002/bit.28896","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bit.28896","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The repair process of bone tissue includes the early inflammatory response period and the late tissue repair period. It has been widely approved to be beneficial to the repair of bone injury by procedurally inhibiting the inflammatory response in the early stage and promoting bone regeneration in the late stage. In this study, the nano-hydroxyapatite/Poly(glycolide-co-caprolactone) (n-HA/PGCL) scaffold loaded with icariin was fabricated by fused deposition modeling technique, and the quercetin-loaded GelMA was further filled into the scaffold pores via light-curing methods to form a biphasic scaffold loaded with dual molecules (PHI + GQ scaffold). The releases of icariin and quercetin were sequential due to different degradation rates of GelMA and PGCL. In vitro, the scaffold not only scavenged reactive oxygen species production, but also promoted osteogenic differentiation of the MC-3T3-E1 cells. Furthermore, in vivo bone reconstruction of PHI + GQ scaffold was better than other groups by assessment of micro-CT data. In addition, the immunofluorescence staining of Arg-1 and iNOS indicated that PHI + GQ scaffold created an immune microenvironment conducive to bone repair due to the release of quercetin in the early stage, and HE and Masson staining suggested that PHI + GQ scaffold induced more new bone formation. These results demonstrated that the biphasic scaffold loaded with icariin and quercetin had both antioxidants in the early stage and osteogenesis properties in the late stage, obtaining satisfactory bone repair outcomes. Thus, the biphasic scaffold loaded with icariin and quercetin for sequential release could provide a promising solution for the restoration of bone defects and represent a potential strategy for bone regeneration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9168,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and Bioengineering","volume":"122 3","pages":"654-666"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142832161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D Printed GelMA/CHIMA Cross-Linked Network Hydrogel for Angiogenesis","authors":"Zixian Liu,&nbsp;Meng Li,&nbsp;Rong Cheng,&nbsp;Lijing Wang,&nbsp;Peiyi Hou,&nbsp;Lu Han,&nbsp;Shengbo Sang","doi":"10.1002/bit.28907","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bit.28907","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Vascularization is a key issue facing the construction of functional three-dimensional (3D) tissues, which is critical for the long-term survival and stability of tissue construct transplantation. In this study, a photocurable hydrogel material carboxymethyl chitosan (CHIMA) was successfully prepared and integrated with methacryloyl gelatin (GelMA) to construct the bioink GelMA/CHIMA, which was subsequently used 3D printing technology to prepared a bioactive scaffold with angiogenesis-inducing functionality. The results showed that the cross-linked GelMA/CHIMA bioink had a porous structure that supported cell growth and metabolism. The incorporation of CHIMA could significantly improve the hydrophilicity, swelling rate, pressure resistance and mechanical strength of the bioink. GelMA/CHIMA bioink supported the survival and continued proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in the scaffold. In particular, the bioink composed of 8 wt% GelMA and 2 wt% CHIMA could stimulate the expression of angiogenesis genes. 3D printed bioactive scaffolds supported the survival of HUVECs and had abundant protein deposition including CD31 and VEGF. Therefore, this study constructed a bioactive scaffold with angiogenesis induction function, which provides a feasible strategy for the construction of vascularized complex tissues.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9168,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and Bioengineering","volume":"122 3","pages":"642-653"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142810139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}