Brain connectivity最新文献

{"title":"Investigating Habenula Functional Connectivity and Reward-Related Activity in Obesity Using Human Connectome Project Data.","authors":"Margo Slomp, Ilke G S de Lange, Joram D Mul, Anouk Schrantee, Susanne E la Fleur","doi":"10.1089/brain.2023.0034","DOIUrl":"10.1089/brain.2023.0034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Introduction:</i></b> The habenula, a brain region involved in aversion, might negatively modulate caloric intake. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies reported associations between weight loss and habenula functional connectivity. However, whether habenula resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) and reward-related activity are altered in obesity is yet unknown. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Using data from the Human Connectome Project, we included 300 subjects with various body mass indexes (BMIs) and a healthy long-term blood glucose (hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c]). In addition, we investigated a potential BMI × HbA1c interaction in a separate cohort including subjects with prediabetes (<i>n</i> = 72). Habenula rsFC was assessed using a region of interest (ROI)-to-ROI analysis. Furthermore, a separate analysis using gambling task fMRI data focused on reward-related habenula activity. <b><i>Results:</i></b> We did not find an association between BMI and habenula rsFC for any of the ROIs. For the exploratory analysis of the BMI × HbA1c effect, a significant interaction effect was found for the habenula-ventral tegmental area (VTA) connection, but this did not survive multiple comparisons correction. Monetary punishment compared with reward activated the bilateral habenula in the BMI sample, but this activity was not associated with BMI. <b><i>Discussion:</i></b> In conclusion, we did not find evidence for an association between BMI and habenula rsFC or reward-related activity. However, there might be an interaction between BMI and HbA1c for the habenula-VTA rsFC, suggestive of a role of the habenula in glucose regulation. Future studies should focus on metabolic parameters in their experimental design to confirm our findings and explore the precise role of the habenula in metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":9155,"journal":{"name":"Brain connectivity","volume":" ","pages":"541-552"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9990918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Interpulse Interval Duration on Knee Extensor Corticospinal Excitability.","authors":"Kevan S Knowles, Jonathan P Beausejour, Kylie K Harmon, Ryan M Girts, David H Fukuda, Dawson J Kidgell, Matt S Stock","doi":"10.1089/brain.2023.0020","DOIUrl":"10.1089/brain.2023.0020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background/Purpose:</i></b> To examine the influence of interpulse interval duration on knee extensor corticospinal excitability. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Seventeen college-aged males and females participated in a single laboratory visit, during which 25 single transcranial magnetic stimulation pulses were delivered to the motor cortex with interpulse intervals of 5, 10, 15, and 20 sec. Surface electromyographic signals were detected from the dominant vastus lateralis and rectus femoris. Motor evoked potential amplitude was compared across the four conditions. <b><i>Results:</i></b> For the vastus lateralis, the Friedman test indicated significant differences among conditions (chi-squared [3] = 7.80, <i>p</i> = 0.050); however, there were no pairwise differences (<i>p</i> ≥ 0.094) and small effect sizes (<i>d</i> ≤ 0.269). For the rectus femoris, the Friedman test results showed no significant differences among conditions (chi-squared [3] = 2.44, <i>p</i> = 0.487). Across all muscles and conditions, low intraclass correlation coefficients and high standard errors of measurement were suggestive of poor reliability. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Unlike resting hand muscles, interpulse interval duration has little influence on corticospinal excitability for the knee extensors during active contractions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9155,"journal":{"name":"Brain connectivity","volume":" ","pages":"521-527"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10274217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Brain Connectivity: A Journal of Clinical Neurology, Neuroscience, & Neuroimaging</i> Advancing the Field of Neurology.","authors":"Paul Edison","doi":"10.1089/brain.2023.29056.editorial","DOIUrl":"10.1089/brain.2023.29056.editorial","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9155,"journal":{"name":"Brain connectivity","volume":"13 9","pages":"519-520"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92152676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alterations of Functional Connectivity in Autism and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Revealed by Multi-Voxel Pattern Analysis.","authors":"Smitha Karavallil Achuthan, Despina Stavrinos, Haley B Holm, Sheeba Arnold Anteraper, Rajesh K Kana","doi":"10.1089/brain.2023.0006","DOIUrl":"10.1089/brain.2023.0006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Autism and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are comorbid neurodevelopmental disorders that share common and distinct neurobiological mechanisms, with disrupted brain connectivity patterns being a hallmark feature of both conditions. It is challenging to gain a mechanistic understanding of the underlying disorder, because brain connectivity changes in autism and ADHD are heterogeneous. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The present resting state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) study focuses on investigating the shared and distinct resting state-fMRI connectivity (rsFC) patterns in autistic and ADHD adults using multi-voxel pattern analysis (MVPA). By identifying spatial patterns of fMRI activity across a given time course, MVPA is an innovative and powerful method for generating seed regions of interest (ROIs) without <i>a priori</i> hypotheses. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We performed a data-driven, whole-brain, connectome-wide MVPA on rs-fMRI data collected from 15 autistic, 19 ADHD, and 15 neurotypical (NT) young adults. <b><i>Results:</i></b> MVPA identified cerebellar vermis 9, precuneus, and the right cerebellum VI for autistic versus NT, right inferior frontal gyrus and vermis 9 for ADHD versus NT, and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for autistic versus ADHD as significant clusters. <i>Post hoc</i> seed-to-voxel analyses using these clusters as seed ROIs were performed for further characterization of group differences. The cerebellum VI, vermis, and precuneus in autistic adults, and the vermis and frontal regions in ADHD showed different connectivity patterns in comparison with NT. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The study characterizes the rsFC profile of cerebellum with key cortical areas in autism and ADHD, and it emphasizes the importance of studying the role of the functional connectivity of the cerebellum in neurodevelopmental disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":9155,"journal":{"name":"Brain connectivity","volume":" ","pages":"528-540"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10045771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural Network Topology Reveals Higher Brain Resilience in Individuals with Preclinical Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"Qianyun Chen, Jill Abrigo, Min Deng, Lin Shi, Yi-Xiang Wang, Winnie C W Chu","doi":"10.1089/brain.2023.0013","DOIUrl":"10.1089/brain.2023.0013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Introduction:</i></b> The diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) requires the presence of amyloid and tau pathology, but it remains unclear how they affect the structural network in the pre-clinical stage. We aimed to assess differences in topological properties in cognitively normal (CN) individuals with varying levels of amyloid and tau pathology, as well as their association with AD pathology burden. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A total of 68 CN individuals were included and stratified by normal/abnormal (-/+) amyloid (A) and tau (T) status based on positron emission tomography results, yielding three groups: A-T- (<i>n</i> = 19), A+T- (<i>n</i> = 28), and A+T+ (<i>n</i> = 21). Topological properties were measured from structural connectivity. Group differences and correlations with A and T were evaluated. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Compared with the A-T- group, the A+T+ group exhibited changes in the structural network topology. At the global level, higher assortativity was shown in the A+T+ group and was correlated with greater tau burden (<i>r</i> = 0.29, <i>p</i> = 0.02), while no difference in global efficiency was found across the three groups. At the local level, the A+T+ group showed disrupted topological properties in the left hippocampus compared with the A-T- group, characterized by lower local efficiency (<i>p</i> < 0.01) and a lower clustering coefficient (<i>p</i> = 0.014). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The increased linkage in the higher level architecture of the white matter network reflected by assortativity may indicate increased brain resilience in the early pathological state. Our results encourage further investigation of the topological properties of the structural network in pre-clinical AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":9155,"journal":{"name":"Brain connectivity","volume":" ","pages":"553-562"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10771874/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10649852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Resting-State Functional Connectivity Changes in Hypertension by a Modified Difference Degree Test.","authors":"William D Reeves, Ishfaque Ahmed, Brooke S Jackson, Wenwu Sun, Michelle L Brown, Celestine F Williams, Catherine L Davis, Jennifer E McDowell, Nathan E Yanasak, Shaoyong Su, Qun Zhao","doi":"10.1089/brain.2023.0001","DOIUrl":"10.1089/brain.2023.0001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Hypertension affects over a billion people worldwide, and the application of neuroimaging may elucidate changes brought about by the disease. We have applied a graph theory approach to examine the organizational differences in resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data between hypertensive and normotensive participants. To detect these groupwise differences, we performed statistical testing using a modified difference degree test (DDT). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Structural and rs-fMRI data were collected from a cohort of 52 total (29 hypertensive and 23 normotensive) participants. Functional connectivity maps were obtained by partial correlation analysis of participant rs-fMRI data. We modified the DDT null generation algorithm and validated the change through different simulation schemes and then applied this modified DDT to our experimental data. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Through a comparative analysis, the modified DDT showed higher true positivity rates (TPR) when compared with the base DDT while also maintaining false positivity rates below the nominal value of 5% in nearly all analytically thresholded trials. Applying the modified DDT to our rs-fMRI data showed differential organization in the hypertension group in the regions throughout the brain including the default mode network. These experimental findings agree with previous studies. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> While our findings agree with previous studies, the experimental results presented require more investigation to prove their link to hypertension. Meanwhile, our modification to the DDT results in higher accuracy and an increased ability to discern groupwise differences in rs-fMRI data. We expect this to be useful in studying groupwise organizational differences in future studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9155,"journal":{"name":"Brain connectivity","volume":" ","pages":"563-573"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10664569/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10402522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive Outcomes Poststroke: A Need for Better Insights into Mechanisms.","authors":"Nagaendran Kandiah","doi":"10.1089/brain.2023.29054.editorial","DOIUrl":"10.1089/brain.2023.29054.editorial","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9155,"journal":{"name":"Brain connectivity","volume":" ","pages":"438-440"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41105380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain Topological Reorganization Associated with Visual Neglect After Stroke.","authors":"Francesco de Pasquale,&nbsp;Piero Chiacchiaretta,&nbsp;Luigi Pavone,&nbsp;Antonio Sparano,&nbsp;Paolo Capotosto,&nbsp;Giovanni Grillea,&nbsp;Giorgia Committeri,&nbsp;Antonello Baldassarre","doi":"10.1089/brain.2020.0969","DOIUrl":"10.1089/brain.2020.0969","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background/Purpose:</i></b> To identify brain hubs that are behaviorally relevant for neglect after stroke as well as to characterize their functional architecture of communication. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Twenty acute right hemisphere damaged patients underwent neuropsychological and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging sessions. Spatial neglect was assessed by means of the Center of Cancellation on the Bells Cancellation Test. For each patient, resting-state functional connectivity matrices were derived by adopting a brain parcellation scheme consisting of 153 nodes. For every node, we extracted its betweenness centrality (BC) defined as the portion of all shortest paths in the connectome involving such node. Then, neglect hubs were identified as those regions showing a high correlation between their BC and neglect scores. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A first set of neglect hubs was identified in multiple systems including dorsal attention and ventral attention, default mode, and frontoparietal executive-control networks within the damaged hemisphere as well as in the posterior and anterior cingulate cortex. Such cortical regions exhibited a loss of BC and increased (i.e., less efficient) weighted shortest path length (WSPL) related to severe neglect. Conversely, a second group of neglect hubs found in visual and motor networks, in the undamaged hemisphere, exhibited a pathological increase of BC and reduction of WSPL associated with severe neglect. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The topological reorganization of the brain in neglect patients might reflect a maladaptive shift in processing spatial information from higher level associative-control systems to lower level visual and sensory-motor processing areas after a right hemisphere lesion.</p>","PeriodicalId":9155,"journal":{"name":"Brain connectivity","volume":" ","pages":"473-486"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10618825/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39190483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intracranial Atherosclerotic Stenosis Is Associated with Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Nondisabling Ischemic Stroke: A pCASL-Based Study.","authors":"Baogen Du,&nbsp;Shanshan Yin,&nbsp;Shanshan Cao,&nbsp;Yuting Mo,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Liu,&nbsp;Ying Zhang,&nbsp;Bensheng Qiu,&nbsp;Xingqi Wu,&nbsp;Panpan Hu,&nbsp;Kai Wang,&nbsp;Qiang Wei","doi":"10.1089/brain.2022.0088","DOIUrl":"10.1089/brain.2022.0088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS) is a key risk factor for vascular cognitive impairment. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) and the spatial coefficient of variation (sCoV) of CBF images (based on pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling) are used to explore abnormal cerebral perfusion. We aimed to probe the mechanisms underlying cognitive impairment in patients with nondisabling anterior circulation macrovascular disease. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This study included 47 patients with ICAS or occlusion and 40 controls. All participants underwent global and individual neuropsychology assessments and magnetic resonance imaging scan. The correlations between cognitive function and abnormal perfusion were explored. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The CBF in the ipsilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory of the lesion side decreased significantly, while it increased on the contralateral side. CBF value had a significant correlation with the memory function in the right cerebral artery lesion group. The sCoV in both gray matter (GM) and the ipsilateral MCA territory of the lesion increased significantly. The sCoV value based on the GM territory or MCA territory was significantly correlated with global cognitive function, memory function, and executive function in patients with ICAS. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The cognitive function of patients with severe ICAS or occlusion in anterior circulation was significantly impaired. sCoV could be a better indicator of cognitive impairment than CBF. Interventions to relieve vascular stenosis or occlusion and delay cognitive impairment or improve cognitive function should be actively considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":9155,"journal":{"name":"Brain connectivity","volume":" ","pages":"508-518"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9854479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stimulation of the Premotor Cortex Enhances Interhemispheric Functional Connectivity in Association with Upper Limb Motor Recovery in Moderate-to-Severe Chronic Stroke.","authors":"Robert H Unger, Mark J Lowe, Erik B Beall, Francois Bethoux, Stephen E Jones, Andre G Machado, Ela B Plow, David A Cunningham","doi":"10.1089/brain.2022.0064","DOIUrl":"10.1089/brain.2022.0064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) targeting the primary motor cortex is modestly effective for promoting upper-limb motor function following stroke. The premotor cortex (PMC) represents an alternative target based on its higher likelihood of survival and dense motor-network connections. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> The objective of this study was to determine whether ipsilesional PMC tDCS affects motor network functional connectivity (FC) in association with reduction in motor impairment, and to determine whether this relationship is influenced by baseline motor severity. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Participants with chronic stroke were randomly assigned to receive active-PMC or sham-tDCS with rehabilitation for 5 weeks. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was acquired to characterize change in FC across motor-cortical regions. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Our results indicated that moderate-to-severe participants who received active-tDCS had greater increases in PMC-to-PMC interhemispheric FC compared to those who received sham; this increase was correlated with reduction in proximal motor impairment. There was also an increase in intrahemispheric dorsal premotor cortex-primary motor cortex FC across participants regardless of severity or tDCS group assignment; this increase was correlated with a reduction in proximal motor impairment in only the mild participants. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Our findings have significance for developing targeted brain stimulation approaches. While participants with milder impairments may inherently recruit viable substrates within the ipsilesional hemisphere, stimulation of PMC may enhance interhemispheric FC in association with recovery in more impaired participants. <b><i>Trial Registration:</i></b> ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01539096; Registration date: February 21, 2012.</p>","PeriodicalId":9155,"journal":{"name":"Brain connectivity","volume":" ","pages":"453-463"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10618814/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9263260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}