BMC Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Most oncological pancreas resections must consider the mesopancreas.","authors":"S A Safi, S David, L Haeberle, S Vaghiri, T Luedde, C Roderburg, I Esposito, G Fluegen, W T Knoefel","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-13599-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-13599-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In preoperative staging for patients with a ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreatic head (PDAC), resectability is anatomically characterized by the possible clearance of the medial vascular grove. Borderline resectable PDAC patients who retain an increased risk of infiltration to the portomesenteric system and/or arterial vasculate are candidates for neoadjuvant therapy. However, redefined pathological analysis revealed the dorsal resection margin to be similar at risk for R1 resection. Mesopancreatic excision (MPE) aims to secure the integrity of the dorsal and ventral resection margins. The existence of the mesopancreas (MP) is inevitable, since the pancreas is of a secondary retroperitoneal nature and the dorsal as well as ventral fascial coverings define the peripancreatic compartment anatomy. It remains unknown if the MP area is only infiltrated in high-risk PDAC patients or if MPE during pancreatoduodenectomy should be employed for localized PDAC patients as well.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients who underwent upfront pancreatoduodenectomy were included. CRM evaluation and analysis of the MP was standardized in all patients. Patients were sub-grouped by the infiltration status of the vascular groove (localized disease: LOC). In LOC patients there was evidently no cancerous infiltration into the medial vascular groove (true + primary resectable).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two hundred eighty-four consecutive patients who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy were included (169 LOC patients). In LOC patients the MP infiltration rate remained high but was significantly lower when compared to advanced PDAC patients (MP + 69.2% vs. 83.5%, p = 0.005). In LOC patients, CRM resection status of the dorsal resection status remained significantly affected by the MP infiltration status (R0CRM- 80.5% vs. 62.8%, p = 0.019).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These important findings clearly show underestimated tumor extensions into the mesopancreas even in localized, primary resectable PDAC patients who are currently amenable for upfront resection. Synergistically to total mesorectal or mesocolic excision, which is applied to all stages of colorectal disease, MPE is justified in primary resectable patients as well. Therefore, MPE should be employed in all PDAC patients. Since the infiltration status of the mesopancreas was a significant factor for incomplete resection in primary resectable PDAC patients, neoadjuvant treatment options for must be discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"200"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11796116/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PIVKA-II as a surrogate biomarker for therapeutic response in Non-AFP-secreting hepatocellular carcinoma.","authors":"San-Chi Chen, Hsiang-Ling Ho, Chien-An Liu, Yi-Ping Hung, Nai-Jung Chiang, Ming-Huang Chen, Yee Chao, Muh-Hwa Yang","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-13568-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-13568-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a key biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but 30-40% of cases are AFP-negative. Prothrombin induced by vitamin K absence II (PIVKA-II) is more sensitive for HCC detection, though its role in systemic therapy remains underexplored. This study aimed to evaluate PIVKA-II in non-AFP-secreting HCC treated with systemic therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with unresectable HCC undergoing systemic therapy were enrolled. Baseline imaging and PIVKA-II levels were recorded. After 8-12 weeks of treatment, response was evaluated through imaging and repeat PIVKA-II measurements.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 116 treatment assessments from 61 cases were analyzed. Baseline PIVKA-II levels correlated with tumor size, but not tumor number or liver function. PIVKA-II regression (≥ 50% reduction) and progression (≥ 50% increase) were defined using ROC analysis. Imaging showed 71.0% objective response in the regression group, 50.0% stable disease in the stable group, and 83.7% progressive disease in the progression group (p < 0.001). This association held for targeted therapies, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and chemotherapy. Progression-free survival (PFS) for the regression, stable, and progression groups was non-reached, 6.7, and 3.2 months (p = 0.0002), and overall survival (OS) was non-reached, non-reached, and 18.5 months (p = 0.02).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study is the first to establish the \"50-50 rule\" for PIVKA-II response in non-AFP-secreting HCC treated with systemic therapy, highlighting its value as a surrogate marker for radiological outcomes and prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"199"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11792300/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143187662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benchmarking LLM chatbots' oncological knowledge with the Turkish Society of Medical Oncology's annual board examination questions.","authors":"Efe Cem Erdat, Engin Eren Kavak","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-13596-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-13596-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in various medical applications, including clinical decision-making and education. In oncology, the increasing complexity of patient care and the vast volume of medical literature require efficient tools to assist practitioners. However, the use of LLMs in oncology education and knowledge assessment remains underexplored. This study aims to evaluate and compare the oncological knowledge of four LLMs using standardized board examination questions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We assessed the performance of four LLMs-Claude 3.5 Sonnet (Anthropic), ChatGPT 4o (OpenAI), Llama-3 (Meta), and Gemini 1.5 (Google)-using the Turkish Society of Medical Oncology's annual board examination questions from 2016 to 2024. A total of 790 valid multiple-choice questions covering various oncology topics were included. Each model was tested on its ability to answer these questions in Turkish. Performance was analyzed based on the number of correct answers, with statistical comparisons made using chi-square tests and one-way ANOVA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Claude 3.5 Sonnet outperformed the other models, passing all eight exams with an average score of 77.6%. ChatGPT 4o passed seven out of eight exams, with an average score of 67.8%. Llama-3 and Gemini 1.5 showed lower performance, passing four and three exams respectively, with average scores below 50%. Significant differences were observed among the models' performances (F = 17.39, p < 0.001). Claude 3.5 and ChatGPT 4.0 demonstrated higher accuracy across most oncology topics. A decline in performance in recent years, particularly in the 2024 exam, suggests limitations due to outdated training data.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Significant differences in oncological knowledge were observed among the four LLMs, with Claude 3.5 Sonnet and ChatGPT 4o demonstrating superior performance. These findings suggest that advanced LLMs have the potential to serve as valuable tools in oncology education and decision support. However, regular updates and enhancements are necessary to maintain their relevance and accuracy, especially to incorporate the latest medical advancements.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"197"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11792186/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of perioperative treatment of resectable adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction by immunotherapy (Adebrelimab) combined with chemotherapy (XELOX): protocol for a single-center, open-labeled study (AEGIS trial, neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy).","authors":"Yingyi Li, Yuqin Cao, Xipeng Wang, Chengqiang Li, Liqin Zhao, Hecheng Li","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-13589-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-13589-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>For resectable adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG), current treatment exploration primarily focuses on perioperative chemotherapy regimens combined with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, but the long-term survival benefits of still require further investigation, and the use of upfront immunotherapy is typically restricted to patients with metastatic MSI-H (M1 MSI-H) disease due to their potential responsiveness to immunological agents. Adebrelimab, as a novel PD-L1 antibody, has not yet been proven for its efficacy and safety in adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The AEGIS study is a prospective, open-labeled, single-arm, phase II clinical trial. A total of 26 patients with AEG will be enrolled. The primary endpoint is the pathologic complete response (pCR) rate after perioperative neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy. Secondary outcomes of the study include the objective response rate (ORR), R0 resection rate, major pathological response (MPR) rate, and pCR rate in combined positive score(CPS) ≥ 5 and MSI-H populations, event-free survival (EFS), and overall survival (OS). The exploratory outcomes are the biomarkers related to therapeutic efficacy, such as PD-L1 expression, microsatellite instability (MSI), tumor mutational burden(TMB), Epstein-Barr virus(EBV) infection, and circulating tumor DNA(ctDNA).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This trail aims to verify the efficacy and safety of the perioperative treatment regimen of anti-PD-L1 (Adebrelimab) combined with chemotherapy (capecitabine plus oxaliplatin, XELOX) for patients with resectable AEG. Considering the differences in chemotherapy regimen tolerance between Asian and Western populations, this study intends to evaluate the suitability of Adebrelimab combined with XELOX chemotherapy for the Asian population.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT06482788. The trial was prospectively registered on 22 May 2024, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06482788 .</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"198"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11792203/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing cancer care through a knowledge-sharing model: a systematic review of Project ECHO^® programmes in India.","authors":"Sangeeta Bhuyan, Shikha Yadav, Amit Verma, Shama Bhati, Ankit Anand, Sandeep Bhalla, Apoorva Karan Rai","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-13553-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-13553-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cancer poses a life-threatening public health challenge, particularly impacting low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study focuses on India, where the cancer burden is substantial, with approximately 1.2 million new cancer cases recorded in 2020, emphasising the urgent need for effective prevention, early detection, treatment, and support services. The lack of local workforce capacity in rural areas exacerbates this challenge, necessitating collaborative efforts. The nonprofit organization Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes (ECHO) employs the 'Hub and Spoke' model in India to bridge gaps in cancer care. The review aimed to assess the scale and impact of ECHO's initiatives, evaluate findings, examine the model's implementation, and assess its acceptability among healthcare professionals (HCPs) in preventing and treating cancer.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Eight studies, comprising six quasi-experimental and two observational studies, employing the ECHO Model for cancer care training programmes were identified. The quality of the selected articles was assessed using a standardized critical appraisal tool developed by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings reveal that ECHO India actively collaborates with experts and institutions, conducting programmes and webinars in 12 states/Union Territories to enhance professionals' expertise in cancer care. Published literature, though limited, emphasises ECHO's training impact, with knowledge gains ranging from 7% to 51%. The model's adoption, retention, and reach are evident through 24 institutes/hubs implementing ECHO programmes in oncology. However, challenges such as low pre post assessment response rate and internet connectivity were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ECHO India's work in cancer care is substantial, addressing gaps in workforce capacity. The systematic review highlights the need for more publications to capture ECHO's impact comprehensively. The findings contribute valuable insights to ongoing efforts to reduce India's cancer burden and improve the well-being of its population.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"193"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11792304/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143122036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What does intimate partner violence mean for women with breast cancer? Experiences of Iranian women.","authors":"Leila Sheikhnezhad, Hadi Hassankhani, Erika Metzler Sawin, Zohreh Sanaat, Mohammad Hasan Sahebihagh","doi":"10.1186/s12885-024-12815-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-024-12815-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of this study was to identify the women's experiences of intimate partner violence (IPV) after breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This is a qualitative descriptive study. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with 11 women with breast cancer, all participants referred to the outpatient Oncology Clinic in IRAN. Data were analyzed using conventional content analysis approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results revealed the essential category of \"pervasive violence\" which was manifested through six subcategories: 1) psychological violence, 2) physical violence, 3) sexual violence, 4) economic violence, 5) controlling behaviors, and 6) neglect.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Women with breast cancer are more vulnerable to IPV and experience a wide range of IPV forms. Healthcare providers should monitor women with breast cancer in terms of IPV to prevent the consequences of IPV on the cancer treatment process.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"190"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11789340/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143122127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global, regional, and national burden of pancreatic cancer from 1990 to 2021, its attributable risk factors, and projections to 2050: a systematic analysis of the global burden of disease study 2021.","authors":"Tianyu Li, Chen Lin, Weibin Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-13597-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-13597-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The incidence and mortality rates of pancreatic cancer are rising globally. This study examines global and regional trends in pancreatic cancer incidence, Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs), and mortality from 1990 to 2021, utilizing data from the most recent Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were sourced from the GBD database over the period from 1990 to 2021. Age-standardized rates for incidence, DALYs, and mortality were calculated per 100,000 population. We also calculated the proportion of DALYs and mortality attributable to risk factors. The Bayesian age-period-cohort model was applied to project future trends until 2050.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 1990 and 2021, the global incidence of pancreatic cancer increased significantly, with the number of cases rising from approximately 207,905 to 508,533 and the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) increasing from 5.47 to 5.96 per 100,000 population. The global burden of pancreatic cancer, measured in DALYs, rose from 5.21 million to 11.32 million. Mortality rates showed a similar upward trend, with the number of deaths increasing from around 211,613 to 505,752, and the age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) rising from 5.655 to 5.948 per 100,000 population. Notable increases in ASIR and ASMR were observed in low-middle and low sociodemographic index regions with males experienced higher rates compared to females. Age-standardized DALYs rate (ASDR) and ASMR worldwide were attributable to tobacco smoking, high BMI, and high fasting plasma glucose. Furthermore, our projection model estimates that the ASIR and ASMR of pancreatic cancer will significantly decline, while the ASDR is anticipated to maintain a steady downward trend by 2050.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study offers a comprehensive analysis of pancreatic cancer trends, providing crucial insights for public health planning and policy-making. Addressing identified risk factors and targeting high-risk populations are essential for effective strategies to reduce the global burden of pancreatic cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"189"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11789343/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143122056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of ¹⁸F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT-derived quantitative volumetric tumor parameters in cytoreductive radical prostatectomy selection for patients with low-volume metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer: a retrospective study.","authors":"Junjie Fan, Ke Xu, Zhangdong Jiang, Chaosheng Gan, Hao Song, Guoqiang Gao, Guojing Wang, Qiyuan Kang, Liang Luo, Zhuonan Wang, Dalin He, XiaoYi Duan, Kaijie Wu","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-13482-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-13482-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cytoreductive radical prostatectomy (cRP) has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach for low-volume metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC), but the best candidates for cRP are still unknown. This study aims to explore the potential value of ¹⁸F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT-derived quantitative volumetric tumor parameters in cRP treatment selection among patients with low-volume mHSPC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 122 patients with primary low-volume mHSPC who underwent ¹⁸F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT followed by systemic therapy alone or plus cRP were included. The whole-body PSMA-derived tumor volume (PSMA-TV) was defined as the total volume of whole-body PSMA-avid tumor lesions, and prostate PSMA-TV was defined as the volume of prostate PSMA-avid tumor lesions. Spearman's correlation was used to analyze the relationships between whole-body PSMA-TV and clinicopathological characteristics. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS), and Cox regression analyses were performed to explore the independent predictors for PFS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 122 patients, 37 (30.32%) underwent systemic therapy plus cRP. The median and optimal cutoff values of the whole-body PSMA-TV were 71.68 cm³ (41.28-157.41 cm³) and 78.57 cm³, respectively. Whole-body PSMA-TV was positively correlated with prostate-specific antigen (PSA), and patients with nonregional lymph node (NRLN) metastases had a greater whole-body PSMA-TV (P = 0.001). Cox regression analyses revealed that cRP, lower whole-body PSMA-TV and the absence of NRLN metastases were associated with better PFS (all P < 0.05). Subgroup analyses revealed that patients with a low whole-body PSMA or no NRLN metastases had a significant improvement in PFS for cRP versus no cRP (HR: 8.26; 95% CI: 2.72-25.06, P = 0.001; HR: 2.71; 95% CI: 1.25-5.93, P = 0.018). Moreover, among patients with higher prostate PSMA-TV and prostate PSMA-TV/whole-body PSMA-TV, cRP also significantly prolonged PFS compared with those without cRP (HR: 3.49; 95% CI: 1.49-8.18, P = 0.004; HR: 8.54; 95% CI: 2.47-29.50, P = 0.013).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In management of primary low-volume mHSPC, whole-body and prostate PSMA-TV evaluations based on ¹⁸F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT could be helpful to identify the most suitable candidates for cRP.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Retrospectively registered.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"192"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11789373/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143122125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ACSL4 promotes the formation of the proliferative subtype in hepatoblastoma.","authors":"Wei Dang, Qin Li, Xiaoying Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-13592-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-13592-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatoblastoma (HB) is the most common pediatric liver malignancy, with its significant heterogeneity complicating the identification of the most aggressive subtypes and the development of targeted therapies. In this study, we performed transcriptomic analysis of HB samples from the GEO database and identified three distinct molecular subtypes with varying prognostic outcomes. Among them, the proliferative subtype, characterized by enhanced proliferative capacity, poor prognosis, and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, was particularly notable. ACSL4 emerged as a critical biomarker of this proliferative subtype, driving HB cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, pharmacological inhibition of ACSL4 using abemaciclib significantly suppressed tumor growth in xenograft models. Mechanistically, ACSL4 was found to promote cell proliferation by downregulating the interferon response signaling pathway which may implicate contribution to immunosuppression in the tumor. These findings underscore the pivotal role of ACSL4 in HB progression and highlight its potential as a therapeutic target for aggressive HB subtypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"191"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11789379/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143122032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oncologic oUTcomes of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for obSTructive colon cAncer after steNt decompression (OUTSTAND trial); A study protocol of multicenter non-inferiority randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Bong-Hyeon Kye, Ji-Hoon Kim, Hyung-Jin Kim, Yoon-Suk Lee, In-Kyu Lee, Won Kyung Kang, Hyeon-Min Cho, Jong-Kyung Park, Chang-Hyeok Ahn, Jae-Im Lee, Seong-Taek Oh, Byung Jo Choi","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-13588-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-13588-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>For obstructive colon cancer, many studies have been conducted on the use of self-expandable metallic stents (SEMS) as a bridge to surgery (BTS). However, there are currently no available prospective data on the impact of bridging period and there is a lack of research on the effects of neoadjuvant chemotherapy during the bridging period.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Patients who undergo successful SEMS placement for obstructive left-sided colon adenocarcinoma without metastases will be eligible for this study.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This study is a multicenter, non-inferiority, randomized (1:1), open-label, controlled trial.</p><p><strong>Methods & analysis: </strong>The patients assigned to the control group will undergo curative surgery within two weeks after successful SEMS placement. The patients assigned to the experimental group will undergo three cycles of neoadjuvant FOLFOX chemotherapy within two weeks after successful SEMS placement. Curative surgery will be performed within four weeks of the last administration of neoadjuvant FOLFOX. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) will be collected at specific time points.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The optimal time interval for SEMS placement as a BTS can significantly impact long-term oncologic outcomes. In this study, our goal is to identify the optimal time interval for SEMS placement as a BTS. Recently, there has been interest in applying neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced colon cancer. In the context of early treatment for tumor dissemination following SEMS placement, neoadjuvant chemotherapy may be beneficial for delayed surgery after SEMS placement as a BTS. The results of this trial will be an important reference for the application of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced colon cancer. Additionally, researchers will investigate whether ctDNA can serve as a reliable indicator to guide decisions about the timing and type of subsequent treatment. Based on the results of this trial, a patient-tailored treatment strategy can be developed for obstructive colon cancer.</p><p><strong>Registration: </strong>This study is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04889820, registered on May 17, 2021 in clinicaltrials.gov; Protocol ID: XC21MIDI0004.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"194"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11792660/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143122124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}