High sodium intake: a silent killer driving global gastric cancer burden.

IF 3.4 2区 医学 Q2 ONCOLOGY
Xiqiang Zhang, Zhaoyi Jing, Ao Yu, Xinzhen Xu, Hua Meng, Kexin Wang
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Abstract

Background: High sodium intake is a recognized risk factor for increased gastric cancer mortality. This study examines the trends and distribution of stomach cancer burden associated with high sodium intake from 1990 to 2021, with a focus on its relationship with age, period, and birth cohort.

Methods: Utilizing data from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease study, we applied an age-period-cohort model to conduct statistical analysis. We calculated age, period, and cohort effects, as well as net drift (overall annual percentage change), for gastric cancer deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) associated with high sodium intake across 204 countries and regions.

Results: In 2021, 7.93% of global gastric cancer deaths and 7.92% of DALYs were linked to high sodium intake. Populations in East Asia and those with a high-middle Sociodemographic Index (SDI) bore the heaviest burden. Over the 32-year period, the global age-standardized mortality rate [Net drift = -2.33(95%CI:-2.37 to -2.28)] and age-standardized DALYs rate [Net drift = -2.56(95%CI:-2.65 to -2.47)] generally demonstrated a declining trend, particularly in high SDI regions [Net drift =-2.91 (95%CI: -3.02 to -2.81)]. China, as a representative country, exhibited unfavorable age, period, and cohort effects. Future projections suggest further declines in mortality and DALYs numbers, along with corresponding age-standardized rates.

Conclusion: Despite ongoing global efforts to reduce sodium intake, gastric cancer remains a significant public health challenge, especially in East Asia. The findings underscore the necessity of developing targeted prevention strategies for high-risk groups, such as the elderly and males, to mitigate the global burden of gastric cancer.

高钠摄入:推动全球胃癌负担的无声杀手
背景:高钠摄入是胃癌死亡率增加的公认危险因素。本研究调查了1990年至2021年高钠摄入相关胃癌负担的趋势和分布,重点研究了其与年龄、时期和出生队列的关系。方法:利用2021年全球疾病负担研究数据,采用年龄-时期-队列模型进行统计分析。我们计算了204个国家和地区与高钠摄入相关的胃癌死亡和残疾调整生命年(DALYs)的年龄、时期和队列效应,以及净漂移(总体年百分比变化)。结果:2021年,7.93%的全球胃癌死亡和7.92%的DALYs与高钠摄入有关。东亚和中高社会人口指数(SDI)人群负担最重。在32年期间,全球年龄标准化死亡率[净漂= -2.33(95%CI:-2.37至-2.28)]和年龄标准化DALYs率[净漂= -2.56(95%CI:-2.65至-2.47)]普遍呈现下降趋势,特别是在高SDI地区[净漂=-2.91 (95%CI: -3.02至-2.81)]。中国作为代表性国家,表现出不利的年龄、时期和队列效应。未来的预测表明,死亡率和伤残调整生命年数字以及相应的年龄标准化率将进一步下降。结论:尽管全球正在努力减少钠摄入量,但胃癌仍然是一个重大的公共卫生挑战,特别是在东亚。研究结果强调了为老年人和男性等高危人群制定有针对性的预防策略的必要性,以减轻胃癌的全球负担。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
BMC Cancer
BMC Cancer 医学-肿瘤学
CiteScore
6.00
自引率
2.60%
发文量
1204
审稿时长
6.8 months
期刊介绍: BMC Cancer is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that considers articles on all aspects of cancer research, including the pathophysiology, prevention, diagnosis and treatment of cancers. The journal welcomes submissions concerning molecular and cellular biology, genetics, epidemiology, and clinical trials.
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