BMC Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Clinical and immunological characteristics of high-risk double-hit multiple myeloma.","authors":"Yufeng Shang, Guopeng Chen, Li Liu, Ruiyang Pan, Xinqi Li, Hui Shen, Yuxin Tan, Linlu Ma, Xiqin Tong, Weida Wang, Xiaoqin Chen, Zhongjun Xia, Xiaoyan Liu, Fuling Zhou","doi":"10.1186/s12885-024-13124-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-024-13124-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>At present, the characteristics of double-hit multiple myeloma (DHMM) are unknown. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data from 433 new diagnosed MM patients and found that DHMM have a higher β2-MG level and percentage of bone marrow plasma cell. Cox regression analysis showed that the prognosis of DHMM was not limited by clinical indicators. The abnormal proliferation of bone marrow in DHMM is obvious, and the proportion of poorly differentiated plasma cell is high. By collecting specimens from our center and performing flow cytometry to analyze the immunophenotypic and functional characteristics of lymphocyte subpopulations, we found that DHMM had a higher ratio of Tregs cells, and the proportion of iTregs cells was also significantly higher than non-DHMM (P < 0.05). Moreover, DHMM had higher levels of TGF-β1 and IL-10, and TGF-β1 and IL-10 were positively correlated with iTregs (P < 0.05). In addition, DHMM was highly expressed PD-1 on CD8 + T cells and had a higher proportion of CD38^highTregs cells. In vitro we have shown that the addition of TGF-β1 antibody or CD38 antibody can effectively inhibit the proportion of CD38^high Tregs. This study describes the characteristics of DHMM based on bicentric data, which is helpful to better provide theoretical support for the treatment of DHMM.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"24 1","pages":"1373"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11552351/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142614914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment of potential lncRNA-related hub genes involved competitive endogenous RNA in lung adenocarcinoma.","authors":"Yong Li, Danfei Shi, Yan Jiang, Yanqin Hu, Qiuxia Liu, Yanping Xie, Xilin Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12885-024-13144-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-024-13144-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have a notable role in the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer. However, the associations between lncRNA-related hub genes (LRHGs) expression and the corresponding outcomes have not been fully understood in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Here, a total of 71 patients diagnosed with LUAD and 60 healthy volunteers at The First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University from April, 2023 to December, 2023 were enrolled in the present study. A LRHGs model was established using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator analyses of The Cancer Genome Atlas-LUAD datasets. The underlying mechanisms of the LRHGs were investigated via Gene Set Enrichment Analysis and Gene Set Variation Analysis. Additionally, the diagnostic role of serum HOXD cluster antisense RNA 2 (HOXD-AS2) was assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Lastly, TCGA-LUAD samples were divided into high- and low-HOXD-AS2 expression groups based on the median expression. The associations between HOXD-AS2 expression and miR-4538 as well as Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type II subunit Beta (CAMK2B) levels were conducted through Pearson correlation analysis. A comprehensive analysis identified 141 differentially expressed lncRNAs between 539 LUAD tissues and 59 normal samples. A prognostic marker for overall survival was established by constructing a predictive signature consisting of 9 LRHGs. Subsequently, 474 LUAD samples were categorized into a high or low-risk group based on the median of the risk score. An independent prognostic model was constructed to confirm the validity of this categorization. Further comparisons of the clinicopathological features and LRHG-related pathways were performed between the two groups. Examinations of LRHG expression in two LUAD clusters and of the association between LRHG expression and immune infiltration were also conducted. HOXD-AS2 expression was shown to be elevated in LUAD tissues compared with matched normal tissues, and the serum HOXD-AS2 level was also notably increased in LUAD samples compared with healthy controls. The results of the ROC analysis indicated that the sensitivity and specificity of HOXD-AS2 were higher than that of cytokeratin-19 fragment (CYFRA21-1), which is a serum marker for LUAD. Pearson analyses indicated that miR-4538 level was negatively associated with HOXD-AS2 expression, but CAMK2B level showed positive correlation in LUAD. The results of the present study therefore indicated that the constructed LRHG model, particularly HOXD-AS2, could independently diagnose and predict the prognosis of LUAD, which suggested the underlying mechanism of the HOXD-AS2/miR-4538/CAMK2B, and might offer efficient strategies for LUAD treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"24 1","pages":"1371"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11549862/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142615001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recurrent aphthous stomatitis and neoplasms of the mouth and pharynx: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.","authors":"Youzhan Yang, Jincheng Zhang, Chunsheng Yuan, Zhiqiang Cheng","doi":"10.1186/s12885-024-13140-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-024-13140-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The association between recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) and neoplasms of the mouth and pharynx (NOMAP) has been reported in some previous observational studies. However, causality is still confused. Our research aims to explore the relationship between RAS and NOMAP through a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis and to explore whether RAS can serve as a risk factor for NOMAP to provide a reference for the clinical strategy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An exposure dataset for RAS were collected from a published study based on the UK Biobank (UKB). Outcome datasets included Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary statistics of NOMAP from the FinnGen datasets. The core method was inverse variance weighting (IVW). The Bonferroni correction, MR-Egger, weighted median, weighted mode, Cochcan's Q test, MR-PRESSO, and leave-one-out methods served as complementary methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found no significant evidence of causal relationships between RAS and NOMAP. After applying the Bonferroni correction, the corrected P was equal to 0.00625 (0.05/1/8). The IVW method provided the sole evidence for RAS on Benign neoplasm of floor of mouth (BNFM) (OR = 2.509, 95% CI: 1.296-4.857, P = 0.006), but the subsequent MR-Egger regression method showed that this result may be due to horizontal pleiotropy (P = 0.035). The Cochran Q-test, MR-Egger regression, and MR-PRESSO did not reveal any heterogeneity or directional pleiotropy for the other outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In conclusion, this is the first MR analysis to investigate the relationship between RAS and NOMAP. Our research confirmed at the genetic level that no causal association has been identified between RAS and NOMAP, therefore facilitating a logical therapeutic perspective and the development of clinical therapies for them.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"24 1","pages":"1372"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11550542/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142614504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DPYD genotype-guided dose personalisation for fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy prescribing in solid organ cancer patients in Australia: GeneScreen 5-FU study protocol.","authors":"Cassandra White, Hannah Wardill, Christine Paul, Timothy Price, Christos Karapetis, Mark Nalder, Matthew E Burge, Ann Thomas, Chris Oldmeadow, Daniel Barker, Laura C Edney, Janet Coller, Joanne Bowen, Cheri Ostroff, Bruce Cheek, Mel Carlson, Trumaine Rankmore, Adnan Nagrial, Stephen Clarke, Lorraine Chantrill, Stephen Ackland, Rodney J Scott","doi":"10.1186/s12885-024-13122-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-024-13122-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fluoropyrimidine (FP) chemotherapies are commonly prescribed for upper and lower gastrointestinal, breast and head and neck malignancies. Over 16,000 people with cancer require FP chemotherapies per annum in Australia. Between 10 and 40% patients experience grade 3-4 (≥ G3) toxicities that require hospital-based management ± intensive care admission. Approximately 1% of patients die secondary to FP toxicities. Prospective screening for DPYD gene variants (encoding the key enzyme for FP catabolism) can identify patients at risk of ≥ G3 toxicity and allow for dose adjustment prior to first FP exposure. Evidence supports this as a cost-effective method of improving patient safety and reducing healthcare burden internationally; however, no Australian data confirms its feasibility on a large scale.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This investigator-led, single-arm study will determine large scale feasibility of prospective DPYD genotyping, confirming patient safety and cost-effectiveness within the Australian health care system. 5000 patients aged 18 years and older with solid organ cancers requiring FP chemotherapy will be consented and genotyped prior to commencing treatment, and early toxicity (within 60 days) post-FP exposure will be determined. Toxicity data for DPYD variant carriers who have dose adjustments will be compared to the wild-type cohort and historical cohorts of carriers who did not undergo genotyping prior to FP exposure, and prospective variant carriers who do not undergo dose-adjustment. Prevalence of the four standard DPYD gene variants will be confirmed in an Australian population. Additionally, health economic analysis, implementation research via semi-structured interviews of patients and clinicians, and feasibility of UGT1A1 genotyping will be conducted.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study will determine the prevalence of DPYD gene variant status in Australia and its impact on FP-induced toxicity among Australians with cancer. Feasibility and cost-effectiveness for Australian health care system will be estimated to support national roll-out of prospective DPYD genotyping prior to FP administration. Additionally, feasibility will be confirmed with the intention of including UGT1A1 in future pharmacogenomic panels to aid chemotherapy prescribing.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>This trial was registered with the Australian and New Zealand Cancer Trials Registry on 13th Dec 2023, ACTRN12623001301651.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"24 1","pages":"1369"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11549825/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142614964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NSDHL contributes to breast cancer stem-like cell maintenance and tumor-initiating capacity through TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in MCF-7 tumor spheroid.","authors":"So-Hyun Yoon, Sangeun Lee, Hoe Suk Kim, Junhyuk Song, Moonjou Baek, Seungyeon Ryu, Han-Byoel Lee, Hyeong-Gon Moon, Dong-Young Noh, Sangyong Jon, Wonshik Han","doi":"10.1186/s12885-024-13143-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-024-13143-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>NAD(P)-dependent steroid dehydrogenase-like protein (NSDHL), which is involved in breast tumor growth and metastasis, has been implicated in the maintenance of cancer stem cells. However, its role in regulating breast cancer stem-like cells (BCSCs) remains unclear. We have previously reported the clinical significance of NSDHL in patients with estrogen receptor-positive (ER +) breast cancer. This study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which NSDHL regulates the capacity of BCSCs in the ER + human breast cancer cell line, MCF-7.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>NSDHL knockdown suppressed tumor spheroid formation in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells grown on ultralow-attachment plates. RNA sequencing revealed that NSDHL knockdown induced widespread transcriptional changes in the MCF-7 spheroids. TGF-β signaling pathway was the most significantly enriched Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway (fold change ≥ 2, P ≤ 0.05) identified in NSDHL-knockdown MCF-7 spheroids compared with the control. In orthotopic tumor models injected with NSDHL-knockdown MCF-7 spheroids, tumor initiation and growth were strongly suppressed compared with those in the control.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>BCSC populations with CD44+/CD24- and CD49f+/EpCAM + phenotypes and high ALDH activity were decreased in NSDHL-knockdown MCF-7 spheroids and xenograft tumors relative to controls, along with decreased secretion of TGF-β1 and 3, phosphorylation of Smad2/3, and expression of SOX2. In RNA-sequencing data from The (TCGA) database, a positive correlation between the expression of NSDHL and SOX2 was found in luminal-type breast cancer specimens (n = 998). Our findings revealed that NSDHL plays an important role in maintaining the BCSC population and tumor-initiating capacity of ER-positive MCF-7 spheroids, suggesting that NSDHL is an attractive therapeutic target for eliminating BCSCs, thus preventing breast cancer initiation and progression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that NSDHL regulates the BCSC/tumor-initiating cell population in MCF-7 spheroids and xenograft tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"24 1","pages":"1370"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11549796/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142614377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cervical precancer screening using self-sampling, HPV DNA testing, and mobile colposcopy in a hard-to-reach community in Ghana: a pilot study.","authors":"Kofi Effah, Ethel Tekpor, Comfort Mawusi Wormenor, John Allotey, Yaa Owusu-Agyeman, Seyram Kemawor, Dominic Agyiri, Johnpaul Amenu, Jonathan M Gmanyami, Martin Adjuik, Kwabena Obeng Duedu, Joyce B Der, Nana Owusu Mensah Essel, Margaret Kweku","doi":"10.1186/s12885-024-13113-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-024-13113-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The World Health Organization has set ambitious goals to eliminate cervical cancer, necessitating evidence on increasing coverage and access to screening and treatment in high-burden areas. We implemented a pilot program to assess the feasibility of obtaining self-collected specimens for high-risk human papillomavirus (hr-HPV) testing in Nzulezo stilt village, a hard-to-reach community in Ghana, and inviting only hr-HPV-positive women to a central location for colposcopy and possible treatment. Subsequently, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of hr-HPV infection and cervical lesions among the women and to explore factors potentially associated with hr-HPV infection among them.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This pilot community-based cross-sectional study utilized data from screening sessions held from 2 to 20 November 2021 with specimens collected by participants using Evalyn brushes. HPV DNA testing was performed using the Sansure MA-6000 platform, while visual inspection utilized the Enhanced Visual Assessment (EVA) mobile colposcope. Univariate and multivariable nominal logistic regression was employed to explore factors associated with hr-HPV positivity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 100 women screened (mean age, 43.6 ± 14.5 years), the overall hr-HPV prevalence rate was 39.0% (95% CI, 29.4-49.3). The prevalence rates of hr-HPV genotypes were stratified as follows: HPV16-8.0% (95% CI, 3.5-15.2), HPV18-5.0% (95% CI, 1.6-11.2), and other genotype(s) - 31.0% (95% CI, 22.1-41.0). Single-genotype infections with HPV16 and HPV18 were found in 4.0% (95% CI, 1.1-9.9) and 3.0% (95% CI, 0.6-8.5) of women, respectively. Mixed infections were observed in 1.0% (95% CI, 0.0-5.4) for HPV16 + 18, 3.0% (95% CI, 0.6-8.5) for HPV16 + other type(s), and 1.0% (95% CI, 0.0-5.4) for HPV18 + other type(s). The prevalence of cervical lesions among hr-HPV-positive women screened via colposcopy was 11.4% (95% CI, 3.2-26.7). In the multivariable model, reliance on other sources for medical bill payment was associated with hr-HPV infection (aOR, 0.20; 95% CI, 0.04-0.93), whereas age was not (aOR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.99-1.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A high hr-HPV infection prevalence was recorded among the women. Utilizing technologies such as self-sampling, HPV DNA testing, and mobile colposcopy enables screening and treatment in remote and hard-to-reach communities where access to cervical cancer screening and treatment would otherwise be limited. Further research is warranted to assess the value and scalability of this approach in similar remote areas and its potential implementation in future programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"24 1","pages":"1367"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11545337/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142614909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determining optimal clinical target volume margins based on microscopic extracapsular extension of metastatic nodes in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer after chemotherapy or chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy.","authors":"Yujiao Zhang, Jiaran Li, Xiao Song, Fen Zhao, Li Li, Shuanghu Yuan","doi":"10.1186/s12885-024-13135-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-024-13135-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>No standard has been established for the clinical target volume (CTV) margins of lymph nodes (LNs) in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) receiving chemotherapy or chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy followed by radiotherapy. This study aimed to discuss the CTV range of NSCLC after chemotherapy or chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy by observing the microscopic extent of tumor spread beyond the LN capsule.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed the data of 240 patients with stage II and III NSCLC who underwent surgery without neoadjuvant therapy, with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), or with NAC combined with immunotherapy (NACI). We measured the maximal distance of extracapsular extension (ECE) using a digital microscope, analyzed the correlation between clinicopathological features and ECE distance, and determined the CTV margins of metastatic LN under different treatment methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ECE distance differed significantly among the three groups (p < 0.001). We determined appropriate margin widths based on a 5% error risk as 3.00, 2.30, and 1.40 mm for direct surgery, NAC, and NACI, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that the ECE of metastatic LN correlated with the treatment methods and LN size.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The existing CTV delineation standards may increase the radiation toxicity of patients. We believe that different CTV margins should be used for LN in patients with NSCLC receiving different treatments. To ensure 95% coverage of ECE, the gross tumor volume of untreated, chemotherapy-treated, and chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy-treated patients should be expanded by 3.00, 2.30, and 1.40 mm, respectively, to obtain the CTV.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"24 1","pages":"1368"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11549794/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142614936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitor reduced recurrence in operable NSCLC patients with pathological complete response: a retrospective analysis.","authors":"Yanxiong Mao, Fei Chen, Zhangqun Ye, Zhouyang Li, Bo Fan, Yimin Zou, Wen Li, Fen Lan","doi":"10.1186/s12885-024-13142-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-024-13142-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate if neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) plus chemotherapy (CT) reduced tumor recurrence after surgery than neoadjuvant CT alone in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with pathologic complete response (pCR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From January 1st 2019 to April 30th 2022, 16 NSCLC patients with pCR who received both neoadjuvant ICI and CT were designated as ICI/CT group. Another 8 patients, who received neoadjuvant CT alone, were designated as CT group. The tumor recurrence and patients' survival status were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Squamous cell carcinoma was the predominant histology type in both groups. The CT group had higher percentage of patients who received adjuvant CT than the ICI/CT group (100% vs. 75%, p = 0.046). All patients had been followed up for at least 20 months. At 20 months after surgery, the ICI/CT group had a tumor recurrence rate of 6.25%, which was significantly lower than 37.5% recurrence rate of the CT group. One patient of the CT group died of gastrointestinal hemorrhage and severe anemia at 11 months after surgery, and no patient in the ICI/CT group died. During adjuvant therapy, the ICI/CT group had significantly lower risk of anemia (12.5% vs. 50%) than the CT group (p = 0.046).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study found that in NSCLC patients with pCR, neoadjuvant ICI reduced tumor recurrence rate. This indicated that like in advanced stage NSCLC, the ICI might bring similar long-term anti-tumor effect in operable NSCLC patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"24 1","pages":"1366"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11546347/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142614365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinctive grade based on Ki67 index and immune microenvironment of metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors responding to capecitabine plus temozolomide.","authors":"Heli Gao, Wuhu Zhang, Zheng Li, Wensheng Liu, Mengqi Liu, Qifeng Zhuo, Yihua Shi, Wenyan Xu, Chenjie Zhou, Yi Qin, Jin Xu, Jie Chen, Xianjun Yu, Xiaowu Xu, Shunrong Ji","doi":"10.1186/s12885-024-13117-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-024-13117-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ki67 index changes during the treatment of metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (PanNET) treatment. The study aimed to detect alterations of grade based on Ki67 index and immune microenvironment in PanNET responding to capecitabine/temozolomide (CapTem).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Retrospective data of patients with PanNET were collected. In control group, 35 patients underwent surgery immediately after biopsy. In CapTem group, 38 patients received CapTem after biopsy and responded well to treatment (defined as either stable disease or partial response), and subsequently underwent surgery. All patients have pathological Ki67 index at biopsy and after surgery. CD163 + CD68 + CD206 + M2 macrophages, CD68 + CD86 + CD80 + M1 macrophages, CD11b + CD33 + myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells were stained using multiplex immunofluorescence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In control group, the paired grade based on Ki67 index directly after surgery showed no upgrade or downgrade compared to biopsy. In patients who responded well to CapTem, the grade based on Ki67 index before and after CapTem was altered. Thirteen patients had upgraded Ki67 index and 11 patients had downgraded. The proportion of stable disease was higher in the upgraded group compared to downgraded group (p = 0.0155). And upgraded group had a significantly shorter mPFS than patients in the downgrade group (8.5 months vs. 20 months, HR 4.834, 95% CI 1.414 to 16.53, p = 0.012). M1 macrophages was significantly lower in the downgraded group than in the Ki67 upgraded group (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Grade based on Ki67 index and immune environment change in PanNET patients responding well to CapTem. Patients with downgraded had longer mPFS compared to those with upgraded. It is necessary to reassess the Ki67 index after CapTem treatment, even in patients responding well to CapTem.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"24 1","pages":"1362"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11542389/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142603258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accurate prediction of the lymph node status in ampullary duodenal carcinoma: potential guidance for clinical management.","authors":"Ran Ni, Tianpeng Zhang, Yixuan Mou, Zhiming Hu, Zongting Gu","doi":"10.1186/s12885-024-13119-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-024-13119-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to identify the risk factors associated with ampullary duodenal carcinoma (a-DC) and develop a clinical model to dynamically and accurately predict the risk of lymph node metastasis (LNM) in a-DC patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 4077 patients (2004-2020) were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database to form a training cohort, while 173 cases (2010-2020) from Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital in China were used as an external validation cohort. A reliable LASSO-logistic method was employed to identify independent risk factors for a-DC LNM, and a nomogram was developed based on these factors to assess the risk of a-DC LNM. The nomogram was evaluated using the Akaike information criterion, misclassification error, area under the curve, and likelihood ratio test. Finally, the nomogram's accuracy and generalizability were externally validated..</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After screening using LASSO and logistic regression four variables were identified as independent risk factors for a-DC LNM: sex (P < 0.001), tumor size (P < 0.001), grade (P < 0.001), and tumor extension (P < 0.001). The area under the curve of the nomogram was 74.8% in the training group and 88.9% in the external validation group. The calibration curves demonstrated that the LNM predictions made by the nomogram were in satisfactory agreement with the actual observed LNM. Additionally, the decision curve analysis curves indicated effective clinical utility of the nomogram.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A nomogram based on the LASSO-logistic analysis was constructed to predict a-DC LNM, demonstrating good performance and clinical application value.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"24 1","pages":"1363"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11542209/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142603239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}