BMC Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Comprehensive network pharmacology and experimentation to unveil the therapeutic efficacy and mechanisms of gypenoside LI in anaplastic thyroid cancer.","authors":"Meiyu Liu, Haidong Liao, Qin Peng, Junwei Huang, Weixiang Liu, Mengqiao Dai, Zanbing Li, Yang Xie, Jiafeng Liu, Yong Ying, Xiangtai Zeng","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14231-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-025-14231-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a markedly invasive subtype of thyroid cancer with a poor prognosis. The Gynostemma pentaphyllum-derived Gypenoside LI (Gyp LI) can inhibit the growth and metastasis of various tumors. This study was designed to evaluate the pharmacological mechanisms of Gyp LI against ATC via network pharmacology analysis combined with experimental verification.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Core targets and signaling pathways were obtained by using the network pharmacological analysis method. Utilizing a combination of in vitro and in vivo methodologies, we conducted a rigorous examination to ascertain the suppressive impact of Gyp LI on the ATC cell lines, specifically 8305 C and C643. Then used western blotting and immunohistochemistry to analyze the inhibitory effects of Gyp LI on SRC kinase and its downstream signaling pathways.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Through integrative analysis of Gyp LI and ATC-target interactions, 78 candidate targets were identified. Network-based protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis, combined with molecular docking, pinpointed HSP90AA1, SRC, and CASP3 as pivotal hub genes modulated by Gyp LI. KEGG enrichment analysis further emphasized the PI3K/AKT pathway, highlighting its critical involvement in ATC therapy. Gyp LI significantly inhibits ATC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion while inducing apoptosis, likely via modulation of the SRC/PI3K/AKT axis. Moreover, it enhances iodine uptake in ATC cells by regulating the sodium-iodide symporter pathway.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Gyp LI effectively inhibits ATC progression by modulating SRC/PI3K/AKT signaling, enhancing apoptosis, and promoting iodine uptake, offering potential therapeutic benefits for ATC treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"870"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12076972/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144075888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statin use and risk of HCC in patients with MASLD and T2DM: an umbrella review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Nazanin Hosseinkhan, Laily Najafi, Soodeh Jahangiri, Zahra Emami, Mohammad E Khamseh","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14299-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-025-14299-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The effect of statin use on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) or type two diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is still unclear. In this umbrella review, we aimed to assess the available evidence for the association of statin use and HCC risk in the target population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We carried out an umbrella review of previous systematic reviews/meta-analyses indexed in Cochrane, Embase, Scopus, and PubMed databases and published between Jan 1st, 2013, and Oct 22, 2024. We used random effects models to recalculate summary risk estimates for HCC incidence. Using A Measurement Tool to Assess methodological quality of systematic Review (AMSTAR2) tool, two independent reviewers evaluated each article for eligibility and methodologic quality and gathered data from the included studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the initially identified 1,038 systematic reviews/meta-analyses, three non-overlapping studies with medium/high quality were included for qualitative synthesis. Statin use in people with T2DM was reported in six studies belonging to two meta-analyses. The results showed that statins were associated with a decreased risk of HCC (RR: 0.16, 95% CI: [0.03, 0.98]). However, the association was nonsignificant in patients with MASLD comprising five studies from one meta-analysis (RR: 0.89, 95% CI: [0.56, 1.40]).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Statin use is associated with a decreased incidence of HCC in people with T2DM. In patients with MASLD, the association is not significant. However, the effects of other variables including the stage of inflammation and/or liver fibrosis on the outcome need to be explored in future studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"875"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12080120/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144075961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Usual walking Pace and risk of 28 cancers- results from the UK biobank.","authors":"Michael J Stein, Hansjörg Baurecht, Patricia Bohmann, Pietro Ferrari, Béatrice Fervers, Emma Fontvieille, Heinz Freisling, Christine M Friedenreich, Marc J Gunter, Laia Peruchet-Noray, Anja M Sedlmeier, Andrea Weber, Michael F Leitzmann, Julian Konzok","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14258-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-025-14258-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Usual walking pace represents a practical indicator of overall health. However, its association with cancer development remains unexplored. We investigated the relation between self-reported walking pace and cancer risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using baseline UK Biobank data from 2006 to 2010, excluding the first two years of follow-up to reduce reverse causation, we employed multivariable Cox regression to assess the association between walking pace (slow, steady average, brisk) and risk of 28 cancer types, accounting for overall physical activity and walking volume.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After a median follow-up of 10.9 years (interquartile range 10.1-11.8), 8.3% of 334,924 participants received a cancer diagnosis. Brisk compared to slow walking pace was associated with multivariable-adjusted lower risks of five cancers, including anal (hazard ratio 0.30; 95% confidence interval: 0.14-0.63), hepatocellular carcinoma (0.39; 0.23-0.66), small intestine (0.46; 0.24-0.87), thyroid (0.50; 0.29-0.86), and lung cancer (0.60; 0.51-0.70). Our findings were consistent across various sensitivity analyses, which assessed sex and age differences, residual confounding, and reverse causation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Self-reported walking pace was inversely associated with risk of five cancer types, even when accounting for overall physical activity and walking volume. Adopting a brisk walking pace may represent a pragmatic target for public health interventions to decrease cancer risk, particularly in circumstances where increases in walking volume or frequency prove impractical.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"869"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12077053/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144075966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia compared with controls among cancer survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials.","authors":"Joshua T Cooper, Ellie Svoboda, Allan V Prochazka, Duc M Ha","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14192-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-025-14192-y","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Insomnia is highly prevalent among cancer survivors. Meta-analyses examining the effects of cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) among cancer survivors have focused on within-group (pre-to-post-intervention) changes, with calls to better evaluate treatment effects.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To conduct a systematic-review and meta-analysis and evaluate the effects of cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) among cancer survivors, compared with controls, on insomnia.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We followed recommendations from the Cochrane Handbook and PRISMA guidelines. We comprehensively searched 8 databases (CINAHL/ClinicalTrials.gov/Cochrane Central/Embase/MEDLINE/PEDro/PsychInfo/Web of Science) and included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in which adult cancer survivors with clinically-significant insomnia were randomized to CBT-I or control conditions that included usual care, wait-list, attention, or sleep hygiene education only. We designated the primary outcome as end-of-intervention Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and secondary outcomes included sleep diary parameters, fatigue, and health-related quality of life (HRQL). We analyzed between-group mean differences (MD's), standardized-mean-differences (SMD's), and interpreted results using minimal clinically important difference (MCID) thresholds as endorsed by the American College of Physicians (ACP) or SMD thresholds. We rated evidence certainty using GRADE, facilitated by GRADEpro GDT.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;We included 19 RCTs involving 1,803 participants. Participant mean age was 55 and time-since-diagnosis was 2.5 years; 94% were women, mostly survivors of breast cancer. At end-of-intervention, compared with controls, CBT-I improved ISI [MD (95% CI): -4.4 (-5.3, -3.5) points; assessed in 13 trials] that did not reach the MCID threshold (i.e., ≥ 6 points) to suggest that many patients derived clinically-important benefit, but is higher than half of the minimal-important-change (MIC) (i.e., 3-&lt;6 points, including 95% CI), suggesting that an appreciable number of patients derived clinically-important benefit. Subjective sleep diary (assessed in 12 trials) sleep latency, wake after sleep onset, sleep efficiency, fatigue (11 trials), and HRQL (10 trials) were also improved; however, on average, none of the improvements reached their respective MCID or SMD thresholds to suggest that many patients derived clinically-important benefits. In pre-specified subgroup analyses, no intervention or cancer-related characteristics meaningfully changed results. Evidence certainty was low-to-very-low, primarily due to heterogeneity, performance, publication, and/or reporting bias.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Compared with controls, CBT-I improved insomnia at an average magnitude greater than half of the MIC but did not reach the MCID threshold, suggesting that an appreciable number, not many, of cancer survivors derived ","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"871"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12079849/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144075960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Symptom and functional networks of patients with cancer in different latent risk subgroups based on patient-reported outcomes.","authors":"Xiaojuan Hu, Zhihui Duan, Xiaokun Li, Hongyan Cao, Hui Zhao, Yanbo Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14256-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-025-14256-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Currently, risk stratification and effective management of heterogeneous patients with cancer based on patient-reported outcomes (PROs), used to evaluate clinical efficacy and outcomes, are relatively rare and urgently needed. We aimed to explore latent risk subgroups and delineate multidimensional networks of symptoms and functions based on PROs in this study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with cancer were recruited from eight hospitals in two Provinces in China. The PROs measure for patients with cancer (CA-PROM) was used to measure patients' HRQoL, symptoms, and functions. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to explore latent risk subgroups using four fitting indicators on the patients' HRQoL. Network model (NM) of multidimensional symptoms and functions was applied at the item level of the CA-PROM. The expected influence (EI), bridge EI, and predictability of each node were used to evaluate the centrality and predictability of NM. Network accuracy and stability were tested using a case-dropping bootstrap procedure. Finally, a network comparison test (NCT) was conducted to examine whether network characteristics differed among the various risk subgroups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 1,404 valid questionnaires were collected. Three latent risk subgroups were determined based on the four fitting indicators. Considering the mean difference in HRQoL, subgroups 1, 2, and 3 were indicated as high-risk (n = 196), low-risk (n = 716), and medium-risk (n = 492) subgroups, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in most demographic data, disease conditions, and treatment among three latent risk subgroups. Network analysis revealed that some symptoms and functions (e.g., despair, gastrointestinal abnormalities, care and support from their families and friends, appetite, and so on) played more important roles in the heterogeneity of HRQoL for Chinese patients w ith cancer. But the performance of these symptoms and functions reported by patients varied among three subgroups. Network accuracy and stability basically met the preset criteria. NCT results showed that edge differences were observed in five nodes, and seven nodes with different EI values could be informative for targeted support for the patients of different clusters.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Different central and bridge symptoms or functions in multidimensional networks of PROs may serve as potential targets for personalized interventions among patients with cancer who are at different risk levels of HRQoL.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"872"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12079923/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144075964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel PET imaging biomarkers as predictors of postoperative recurrence in lung adenocarcinoma.","authors":"Cheng Zheng, Jiangfeng Miao, LiuWei Xu, Yujie Cai, BingShu Zheng, ZhongHua Tan, ChunFeng Sun","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14263-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-025-14263-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The exploration of biomarkers is of crucial importance for the prognosis of cancer patients. The objective of this study was to ascertain the predictive value of positron emission tomography (PET) image-derived biomarkers, specifically the normalized distances from the hot spot of radiotracer uptake to the tumor centroid (NHOC) and the tumor perimeter (NHOP), in forecasting the recurrence risk and disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with operable stage IA-IIIA lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on 164 patients with surgically treated pathologically confirmed stage IA-IIIA LUAD, all of whom had prior ¹⁸F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT) scans. In addition to conventional PET/CT parameters, we assessed the normalized distances from the maximum SUV to both the tumor centroid (NHOCmax) and the tumor perimeter (NHOPmax) as observed in the PET/CT images.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 164 patients were included, with a median age of 65 years. NHOPmax exhibited the highest AUC of 0.682 (95% CI: 0.578-0.785), with a sensitivity of 78.8%. Correlation analysis showed that NHOPmax had low correlations with other metabolic parameters such as SUVmax, TLG, and MTV. In both univariate and multivariate analyses, NHOPmax was significantly associated with postoperative outcomes (P < 0.001, odds ratio 0.033). Survival analysis indicated that NHOPmax was an independent predictor of DFS (HR = 0.399, P < 0.05), with higher NHOPmax (> 0.43) associated with significantly better survival (P < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NHOPmax quantified from ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT scans, could be a promising predictor of postoperative recurrence in patients with resectable LUAD.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"874"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12079935/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144076012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the efficacy and safety of bladder-sparing regimen with Disitamab Vedotin combined with Toripalimab and pelvic lymph node dissection in muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients: study protocol of a multicenter single-arm phase II trial.","authors":"Tianhang Lan, Yingying Zhu, Wenlong Zhong, Qihong Tan, Tianxin Lin, Jian Huang, Wang He","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14234-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14234-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is a malignancy with high recurrence and metastasis rate. Radical cystectomy and lymph node dissection are the current standard cares for MIBC. The demand for bladder preservation in MIBC patients is growing daily; however, the recognized trimodal bladder-sparing regimen has been shown to have substantial radiation damage and inconsistent efficacy in numerous investigations. In order to address these issues, a secure and efficient bladder preservation program is desperately needed. Therefore, a novel bladder-sparing modality that employing antibody-drug conjugates and immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with pelvic lymph node dissection is worth investigating further in this setting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this multicenter, single-arm clinical trial, subjects who were diagnosed with muscle-invasive bladder cancer with human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 expression ≥ 2 + will be enrolled. Eligible subjects will receive 12 cycles Disitamab Vedotin combined with Toripalimab treatment and pelvic lymph node dissection after completed transurethral bladder tumor resection, efficacy evaluation would be performed in all of them, patients who achieved clinical complete response will receive 1-year bladder-sparing therapy with Toripalimab immune maintenance treatment. The primary endpoint is 2-year Bladder-intact disease-free survival, and the secondary endpoints include clinical complete response rate, over survival, quality of life, safety and exploratory objectives that biomarkers will be evaluated.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Disitamab Vedotin combined with Toripalimab therapy and pelvic lymph node dissection is a promising bladder-sparing treatment option that has the potential to improve the rate of bladder-intact disease-free survival and may become a novel modality of bladder-sparing regimen if the study endpoints are met.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>This study was registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ldentifer: ChiCTR2400081555) on March 5, 2024.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"868"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12076858/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143974383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and efficacy of rechallenge with immune checkpoint inhibitors and anlotinib in advanced non-small cell lung cancer without targetable driver mutations: a retrospective analysis.","authors":"Xinrong Chen, Ke Wang, Yongxin Liao, Chuangjie Zheng, Deyu Yang, Zhichao Li, Linzhu Zhai","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14209-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14209-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study assessed the safety and efficacy of rechallenging patients in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) without targetable driver mutations using a combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and anlotinib following progression after prior immunotherapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was performed on 14 patients who received rechallenge with ICIs combined with anlotinib at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine. China, between March 2020 and June 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study observed an objective response rate of 28.6% and a disease control rate of 92.9%. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 11.7 months, with programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)-positive patients demonstrating significantly longer PFS (13.0 months) compared with PD-L1-negative or unknown patients (10.3 months, P = 0.048). Toxicity was manageable, with most adverse events being mild to moderate in severity. Only one case (7.1%) of grade 3 adverse events was reported, and no treatment-related fatalities occurred.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ICIs combined with anlotinib as a rechallenge therapy exhibited promising efficacy and an acceptable safety profile in patients with advanced NSCLC without targetable driver mutations. These findings suggest a potential treatment option for patients with post-immunotherapy progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"862"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12070621/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143977128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preoperative plasma cell-free DNA chromosomal instability predicts microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma: a prospective study.","authors":"Zheyue Shu, Ting Ye, Wei Wu, Menghan Su, Jingcheng Wang, Min Zhang, Ziliang Qian, Haifen Huang, Shusen Zheng, Qi Xia","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14268-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14268-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Microvascular invasion (MVI) has been recognized as a risk factor for early recurrence after hepatectomy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to estimate the performance of an ultrasensitive chromosomal aneuploidy detector (UCAD) model for preoperative MVI prediction in operable HCC patients based on plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective study included HCC patients who underwent surgery in 2021. Preoperative peripheral plasma samples of eligible patients were collected to extract cfDNA, which was then subject to next generation sequencing. Low-coverage whole-genome sequencing data were analyzed for chromosomal instability using different parameters, including Z-score, chromosomal instability score (CIN score), tumor fraction (TFx) and a UCAD model (UCAD = CIN score + TFx + Z-score of all chromosomes). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the performance of these parameters in preoperative MVI prediction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Finally, a total of 74 patients with HCC who undergone hepatectomy were prospectively enrolled. Chromosomal instability was evaluated by copy number alterations and oncogenes MCL1 (located at 1q), MYC (located at 8q), TERT (located at 5p), EGFR (located at 7p), and VEGFA (located at 6p) were identified in plasma cfDNA. The UCAD model was a superior parameter in predicting preoperative MVI, with an area under curve (AUC) value 0.749 with a sensitivity of 0.938 specificity of 0.466. Univariate analysis revealed that tumor size (≥ 5 cm) and UCAD (> 0.199) significantly increased the risk of MVI, which were further demonstrated by multivariate analysis, with odd ratio of 1.338 (95%CI, 1.060-1.689) and 2.028 (95%CI, 1.053-3.908) (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our cfDNA-based UCAD model has shown a promising performance for preoperative MVI prediction in operable HCC patients.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>This study was registered at https://clinicaltrials.gov/ on 16 May 2022, retrospectively registered, Registration number: NCT05371873.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"867"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12076900/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143973705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking the potential of immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced cervical cancer: a meta-analysis and systematic review.","authors":"Zheng-Rui Li, Yu-Feng Wang, Chen- Rong Zuo, Jing-Sheng Men, Xin-Yuan Li, Peng Luo, Xiao-San Su, Rui-Fen Sun","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14264-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14264-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This meta-analysis systematically evaluated the effectiveness and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in treating advanced cervical cancer, emphasizing their potential as transformative therapeutic options in this complex clinical landscape.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>EMBASE, Web of Science, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library were thoroughly searched for articles on the outcomes of ICIs in advanced cervical cancer patients. A pooled analysis was performed to evaluate the objective response rate (ORR: reported as an odds ratio (OR), progression-free survival (PFS; hazard ratio (HR), overall survival (OS; HR), and safety outcomes risk ratio (RR). Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were also conducted to identify potential sources of bias and heterogeneity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our meta-analysis included 5 studies involving 3,112 patients. Compared with standard therapies, treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) significantly improved the objective response rate (ORR; OR = 1.68, 95% CI = 1.27-2.23), prolonged progression-free survival (PFS; HR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.65-0.80), and extended overall survival (OS; HR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.61-0.79). Subgroup analyses revealed potential predictors of treatment response. Moreover, ICIs exhibit a manageable safety profile, with adverse events consistent with known immune-related toxicities.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This meta-analysis highlights the promising efficacy and favourable safety profile of immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced cervical cancer. These findings suggest a paradigm shift in treatment strategies, with ICIs emerging as a potential cornerstone therapy. Further research is warranted to elucidate optimal patient selection, combination therapies, and long-term outcomes. This study provides valuable insights for clinicians and researchers, paving the way for personalized and effective treatment approaches for advanced cervical cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"863"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12070727/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143964800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}