BMC Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Real-world data on immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in elderly patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer.","authors":"Ke Zhao, Shuangqing Lu, Jiling Niu, Hui Zhu, Yaru Tian, Jinming Yu","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-13880-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-13880-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy has shown good results in the treatment of extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC), but there are fewer clinical studies on elderly ES-SCLC patients. This study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of immunotherapy in combination with chemotherapy in elderly patients with ES-SCLC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Elderly patients with ES-SCLC who were 70 years of age or older and were diagnosed at Shandong Cancer Hospital from May 20, 2020, to February 24, 2023, were included in this study. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were calculated via the Kaplan‒Meier method and compared via the log-rank test. In addition, the Cox regression model was used to analyze prognostic factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 135 patients were included in this study; 82 patients were in the immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy (IO + ChT) group, and 53 patients were in the chemotherapy alone (ChT-alone) group. The median overall survival (mOS) for the entire patient cohort was 12.89 months, whereas the median progression-free survival (mPFS) was 7.21 months. There was a significant difference in mPFS (8.26 months vs. 6.59 months, P =.02) and no statistically significant difference in mOS (14.20 months vs. 11.44 months, P =.14) between the IO + ChT and ChT-alone groups. The incidence of grade ≥ 3 adverse events in the IO + ChT group was not significantly different from that in the ChT-alone group. Moreover, we did not observe grade ≥ 3 immune-related adverse reactions. The univariate multifactorial analysis demonstrated that the absence of liver metastases at baseline and in female patients were favorable prognostic factors for OS, and the addition of immunotherapy was a favorable prognostic factor that improved overall survival in elderly patients with ES-SCLC. Subgroup analyses indicated that adding immunotherapy provided a survival benefit for patients with baseline brain metastases and baseline liver-free metastases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy can provide a survival benefit, and the addition of immunotherapy does not result in significant toxicity in elderly patients. The results of this study have important clinical implications for the future treatment of elderly patients with ES-SCLC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"467"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11907774/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring FAM13A-N-Myc interactions to uncover potential targets in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma: a study of protein interactions and molecular dynamics simulations.","authors":"Hongli Yin, Tianyi Liu, Di Wu, Xiaolu Li, Gen Li, Weiwei Song, Xiaodong Wang, Shan Xin, Yisu Liu, Jian Pan","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-13903-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-13903-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neuroblastoma (NB), a common infantile neuroendocrine tumor, presents a substantial therapeutic challenge when MYCN is amplified. Given that the protein structure of N-Myc is disordered, we utilized Alphafold for prediction and GROMACS for optimization of the N-Myc structure, thereby improving the reliability of the predicted structure. The publicly available datasets GSE49710 and GSE73517 were adopted, which contain the transcriptome data of clinical samples from 598 NB patients. Through various machine learning algorithms, FAM13A was identified as a characteristic gene of MYCN. Cell functional experiments, including those on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle, also indicate that FAM13A is a potential risk factor. Additionally, Alphafold and GROMACS were employed to predict and optimize the structure of FAM13A. Protein-protein docking and molecular dynamic modeling techniques were then used to validate the enhanced protein stability resulting from the interaction between N-Myc and FAM13A. Consequently, targeting FAM13A holds the potential to reduce the stability of N-Myc, hinder the proliferation of NB cells, and increase the infiltration of immune cells. This multi-faceted approach effectively combats tumor cells, making FAM13A a prospective therapeutic target for MYCN-amplified NB.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"470"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11907995/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of combining PD-L1 inhibitor and radiotherapy on the tumour immune microenvironment in a mouse model of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.","authors":"Zihao Yin, Hongfang Zhang, Ke Zhang, Jing Yue, Rongjun Tang, Yaping Wang, Qinghua Deng, Qingqing Yu","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-13801-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-13801-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The combination of radiation with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has been demonstrated to display synergistic effects in solid cancers. Nevertheless, the anti-tumor effect of combining radiation with programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has remained unclear. Therefore, the objectives of our study were to evaluate the anti-tumor effects of PD-L1 inhibitors combined with radiotherapy in a mouse model of ESCC and to depict the immune landscape within the tumor microenvironment (TME).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Murine ESCC cells (mEC25) were injected subcutaneously into the right flanks of C57BL/6 mice. Tumor-bearing mice were exposed to different treatments: IgG antibody (control), anti-PD-L1 antibody, radiation, or radiation + anti-PD-L1 antibody. Tumor growth and survival time of mice were monitored. Tumour immune microenvironment was assessed by flow cytometry, including CD4⁺T cells, CD8⁺T cells, regulatory T cells (Tregs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and the activation and exhaustion of CD8⁺T cell. In addition, transcriptomic analysis was used to examine the changes in immune gene expression in the TME.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Radiotherapy combined with anti-PD-L1 inhibitors (radioimmunotherapy) synergistically enhanced anti-tumor immune response, leading to decreased tumor growth and prolonged survival of tumor-bearing mice. The radioimmunotherapy increased the infiltration of CD8⁺ T cells, the ratio of CD8⁺ T cells to Tregs, the population of central memory CD8⁺ T cells (T_CM), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) secretion of tumor-infiltrating CD8⁺ T cells, and reduced the accumulation of M2-type TAMs and Tregs in the TME in mouse model. In addition, the radioimmunotherapy induced anti-tumor immune response in the spleen and tumor-draining lymph node (TDLN). Moreover, transcriptomic analysis suggested that the radioimmunotherapy promoted the activation of immune regulatory pathways and increased the expression of cytokines such as CXCL9 and CXCL10, thus creating an immunoinflammatory tumor microenvironment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our research revealed that anti-PD-L1 inhibitors combined with radiotherapy caused systemic anti-tumor immunity by reshaping the immune microenvironment in a mouse model of ESCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"474"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11909915/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetically proxied therapeutic inhibition of antihypertensive drug targets and risk of pancreatic cancer: a mendelian randomization analysis.","authors":"Zehui Yao, Dailei Qin, Jianzhong Cao, Chun Gao, Pu Xi, Shengping Li, Ran Wei","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-13824-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-13824-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Conventional epidemiological studies have reported inconsistent results regarding the potential adverse effects of long-term use of antihypertensive drugs on cancer risk. Nevertheless, evidence of their impact on pancreatic cancer risk is limited and deserves further elucidation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We selected genetic variants from the genes encoding the target proteins (angiotensin-converting enzyme, beta-1 adrenergic receptor, and solute carrier family 12 member 3) of the examined antihypertensive drugs as instruments based on expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) studies. Genetic summary statistics of blood pressure and pancreatic cancer were obtained from genome-wide association studies (GWASs) in Europeans and East Asians. Inverse-variance weight and MR-Egger methods were employed to estimate the effect of genetic variations in the drug targets on pancreatic cancer risk, and meta-analysis was used to combine the results from 3 independent datasets. Positive control analysis was conducted by using Wald ratio test to justify the genetic instruments of the drug by demonstrating the expected effect on the blood pressure which has an established causal relationship with the drug of interest.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Genetically proxied ACEIs were associated with lower pancreatic risk (OR = 0.506, 95% CI: 0.284-0.901, P = 0.021; OR = 0.265, 95% CI: 0.094-0.751, P = 0.012; OR = 0.236, 95% CI:0.078-0.712, P = 0.010, respectively) in 3 independent datasets and the combined results were validated in a meta-analysis using a random effects model (OR = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.22-0.64, P < 0.01) or fixed effects model (OR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.25-0.62, P < 0.01). Other drug targets did not show consistent significant associations with pancreatic cancer risk in all 3 independent datasets.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study indicated that genetically proxied therapeutic inhibition of ACE was associated with a lower risk of pancreatic cancer, which may have translational potential in clinical practice. However, further long-term randomized controlled trials and observational studies are needed to clarify the effect of ACEIs on the pancreatic cancer risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"476"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11909985/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical outcomes of particle beam radiation therapy for patients with newly-diagnosed major salivary gland tumors.","authors":"Qingting Huang, Jiyi Hu, Weixu Hu, Jing Gao, Haojiong Zhang, Jiade Jay Lu, Lin Kong","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-13846-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-13846-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Major salivary gland tumors (MSGTs) are rare and pose significant treatment challenges. This study investigates the efficacy and safety of particle beam radiotherapy (PBRT) for patients with newly-diagnosed MSGTs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective analysis of 82 patients treated at the Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center (SPHIC) between August 2015 and March 2022. The cohort received various radiotherapy regimens based on surgical history and pathological risk factors. We evaluated survival outcomes, treatment toxicity, and potential prognostic factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings revealed promising 3-year survival rates: 94.3% for overall survival (OS), 81.3% for progression-free survival (PFS), 97.2% for locoregional control (LRC), and 82.6% for distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS). Acute and late toxicities were generally mild to moderate, with a favorable safety profile. Distant metastasis was the primary mode of treatment failure, emphasizing the need for early risk assessment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>As a potentially safe and efficient treatment option for newly-diagnosed MSGTs, proton and carbon ion radiation offers an excellent alternative for traditional methods. More investigation is required to determine the long-term results and relative efficacy of various treatment modality for major salivary gland cancer when compared to photon therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"452"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11905503/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long term survival in elderly patients with resectable upper tract urothelial carcinoma: analysis of hospital-based cancer registry data in Japan.","authors":"Shuhei Suzuki, Yoshiyuki Nagumo, Kosuke Kojo, Shuya Kandori, Hiromichi Sakurai, Reo Takahashi, Bunpei Isoda, Akane Yamaguchi, Kazuki Hamada, Kozaburo Tanuma, Satoshi Nitta, Masanobu Shiga, Atsushi Ikeda, Takashi Kawahara, Akio Hoshi, Hiromitsu Negoro, Bryan J Mathis, Ayako Okuyama, Hiroyuki Nishiyama","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-13852-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-13852-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To clarify the long-term prognoses of elderly upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) patients after surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a hospital-based cancer registry data in Japan to extract patients with pT1-3N0M0 UTUC diagnosed in 2009 who underwent surgery, and classified them by age group (≤ 64, 65-74, ≥ 75 years old). We estimated the 10-year overall survival (OS) by a Kaplan-Meier analysis. For cancer survival estimation, we calculated the 10-year net survival (NS) by Pohar-Preme method using the Japanese life tables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1139 UTUC patients (564 renal pelvic cancer [RPC] and 575 ureteral cancer [UrC]) were identified. The 10-year OS rates for elderly RPC patients (≥ 75 years old) were significantly worse than for younger patients (≤ 64 years old) in pT1 (43.1% vs. 80.1%) and pT2-3 (34.2% vs. 67.3%) stages. In contrast, the 10-year NS rates were comparable between elderly and younger RPC groups in pT1 (93.3% vs. 87.0%) and T2-3 (77.4% vs. 73.7%) stages. While the 10-year NS and OS rates of patients with pT1 UrC had similar trends as RPC patients, the NS and OS rates of elderly patients with pT2-3 UrC were significantly worse than younger patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among resectable UTUC, except for pT2-3 UrC patients, estimated cancer survival rates for elderly patients were similar to younger patients. These findings may be useful in shared decision making by informing discussions about treatment strategies with elderly patients and their families.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"464"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11907843/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel genetic loci and functional properties of immune-related genes for colorectal cancer survival in Korea.","authors":"Dabin Yun, Jung-Ho Yang, Soyoun Yang, Jin-Ah Sim, Minjung Kim, Ji Won Park, Seung Yong Jeong, Aesun Shin, Sun-Seog Kweon, Nan Song","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-13819-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-13819-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One major topic in colorectal cancer (CRC) research is the role of immune cells against cancer cells. The association of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and polygenic risk scores (PRS) with CRC was examined and their functional properties were identified using a gene-gene interaction network. 960 CRC patients at Seoul National University Hospital (SNUH, discovery) and 6,627 CRC patients at Chonnam National University Hospital (CNNUH, validation) were enrolled. SNPs were genotyped using the Korean Biobank Array. 2,729 immune-related genes were selected from the Ensembl, Gene Ontology, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, and 37,398 SNPs were mapped. PRS were categorized into tertiles. Cox proportional hazard models were fitted for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). A gene-gene interaction network was analyzed. Among CRC patients from SNUH, 154 (16.0%) died, while 245 (25.5%) had progression. In CNNUH, 3,537 (53.4%) died. For OS, the most significant association was observed for rs117322760 (8q23.1, PKHD1L1, hazard ratio (HR) = 4.58, p-value = 1.40 × 10^- 6). For PFS, it was observed in rs143531681 (7q36.1, NOS3, HR = 4.67, p-value = 9.72 × 10^- 8). For PRS, the highest tertile group showed an increased risk for OS (HR = 59.58, p-value = 9.20 × 10^-48) and PFS (HR = 9.81, p-value = 1.69 × 10^-23). Significant interactions were observed between PIK3R2 and PIK3CA for OS and ALOX5 and COTL1 for PFS. This study presented novel genetic variants associated with OS and PFS in CRC patients, and notable findings from the analysis of PRS and the gene-gene interaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"456"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11905532/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of oral cavity cancer recurrence in Pakistan: findings from a cross-sectional study using an institutional cancer registry.","authors":"Uzma Shamsi, Muhammad Shahzaib Arshad, Yasmin Abdul Rashid, Hamzah Jehanzeb, Hamdan Ahmed Pasha","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-13443-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-13443-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Pakistan has a high prevalence of oral cavity cancer (OCC) with a significant recurrence rate. This study aims to explore the factors associated with OCC recurrence in Karachi, Pakistan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH) Karachi, Pakistan, using data from the AKUH Cancer Registry. A total of 1692 biopsy-confirmed cases of OCC including cancers of mucosal lip, tongue, gum, oral cavity floor, palate and other subsites like retromolar area, diagnosed between May 2011 and December 2020, were included in our study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 1692 patients, 611 (36.1%) experienced recurrence. Being male was associated with significantly increased odds of OCC recurrence compared to being female (Prevalence Odds Ratio (POR) = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.25-2.30). Moderately and poorly differentiated tumors had higher odds of recurrence (POR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.02-2.02 and POR = 2.35, 95% CI = 1.49-3.71 respectively). Lymph node involvement was significantly associated with increased odds of recurrence. Patients with N1, N2 and N3 lymph node involvement had significantly higher odds of recurrence (POR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.02-2.07 for N1, POR = 2.12, 95% CI = 1.57-2.87 for N2 and POR = 3.50, 95% CI = 1.72-7.11 for N3 respectively). Surgical treatment outside AKUH was associated with higher OCC recurrence (POR = 1.68, 95% CI = 1.12-2.50). Surgery alone (POR = 0.02, 95% CI = 0.00-0.16) and in combination with radiation (POR = 0.02, 95% CI = 0.00-0.16) or chemoradiation (POR = 0.04, 95% CI = 0.01-0.33) was protective against recurrence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study's findings identified factors increasing oral cavity cancer recurrence, highlighting the importance of considering these factors in the management and follow up of patients with OCC. Understanding these factors will not only help enhance patient care, but also improve patient education about their disease prognosis. Further research is needed to explore the underlying mechanisms and develop targeted interventions to improve outcomes for patients with OCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"459"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11907830/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in breast cancer mortality in Peru and its geographical areas from 2013 to 2022 and prediction until 2027.","authors":"Melanie Kiara Terrel-Poccomo, Grecia Santillán-Romero, Carlos Quispe-Vicuña, Jorge Ybaseta-Medina, J Smith Torres-Roman","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-13872-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-13872-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In 2022, breast cancer was one of the most commonly diagnosed neoplasms and the leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide. In Peru, reports on mortality due to this neoplasm are scarce, especially after implementing strategies to reduce its impact. This study aimed to estimate mortality rates for breast cancer in Peru and its geographic regions from 2013 to 2022 and to project its evolution to 2027.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An observational ecological study of multiple time series was conducted. Data were obtained from the Ministry of Health's death database via SINADEF. Mortality rates per 100,000 women were calculated using the direct method and Segi's world standard population. Mortality trends were analyzed using the Annual Percent Change (APC) calculated with Joinpoint regression software. Predictions for 2027 were also made using the Nordpred package in R Studio.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2013, the departments with the highest breast cancer mortality rates in Peru were Ica, Callao, Lambayeque and La Libertad. In 2022, Ancash and Tumbes were added, with Tumbes having the highest rates. For women under 50, Lambayeque and Madre de Dios led in 2013, while for women over 50, Tumbes had the highest mortality rate in 2022. Peru reported a significant increase of 3.97% on an annual basis for the entire period. According to regions, Rainforest region (APC = + 8.37) and the Rainforest region (APC = + 11.55) showed significant increases in mortality rates, while no significant changes were observed in the Coastal region. Moreover, an increase in breast cancer mortality in Peru is projected for the year 2027.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Breast cancer mortality in Peru has shown a constant increase, with significant regional disparities. The highest rates were recorded in the coastal region, although the Andean and jungle regions experienced the most pronounced increases. These disparities may be attributed to data underreporting during the COVID-19 pandemic and unequal access to diagnostic and treatment services. The findings highlight the urgent need for focused public health interventions to reduce these regional gaps and improve breast cancer management outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"463"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11908065/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can circulating microRNAs predict colorectal cancer? Results from a nested case-control study of pre-diagnostic serum samples from two prospective biobanks.","authors":"Eva Hofsli, Pål Sætrom, Eivind Ness-Jensen, Helja-Marja Surcel, Robin Mjelle","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-13854-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-13854-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the potential of circulating small RNAs (sRNAs) as predictive biomarkers for future colorectal cancer (CRC). The study analyzed serum samples from pre-diagnostic CRC patients in two prospective biobanks.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Serum samples from 142 pre-diagnostic CRC patients, from the Finnish Maternity Cohort (FMC) and The HUNT Study (HUNT2), were subjected to small RNA sequencing. The study compared sRNA expression in CRC cases with controls, considering diverse sRNA classes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analysis revealed diverse miRNA expression patterns with notable variations in future metastatic cases. Specifically, miR-223-3p and miR-21-5p showed significant up-regulation in future metastatic cases in the FMC cohort. Consistent changes were observed across cohorts, with miR-584-5p, miR-30c-5p, miR-146a-5p, miR-10a-5p, and miR-1306-5p showing up-regulation in future metastatic cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study identified potential serum miRNA biomarkers associated with metastatic CRC, though statistical significance varied. These findings contribute to the understanding of miRNA profiles in pre-diagnostic CRC patients, emphasizing the need for further exploration of non-invasive biomarkers in large prospective studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"455"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11905635/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}