BMC Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Clinicopathologic and prognosis of 30 patients with FH-deficient renal cell carcinoma: a single-center retrospective study.","authors":"Junjie Bai, Jianjia Huang, Yushi Ye, Jun Lin, Yahui Wen, Zicheng Cai, Peihuang Chen, Tong Shangguan, Gaoyu Zou, Qianyi Qiu, Ru Chen, Rong Liu, Weizhong Cai, Shaoxing Zhu, Jianhui Chen, Xiaoyan Li","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14562-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14562-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>FH-Deficient Renal Cell Carcinoma (FH-RCC) is a rare, aggressive cancer with poor prognosis and treatment challenges. Immunohistochemical (IHC), including PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2, and CTLA-4, play a key role in survival outcomes and therapeutic decisions, highlighting the need to evaluate their significance in FH-RCC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The expression of IHC including PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2 and CTLA-4 in tumor cells was evaluated. The clinicopathological and therapeutic information of 30 patients with FHRCC was retrospectively collected and correlation analysis and Kaplan-Meier analysis were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In a cohort of 30 patients with FHRCC, the majority of tumors exhibited a simple papillary structure. PD-1 positive expression was observed in 43.3% (13/30) of the patients, PD-L1 in 53.3% (16/30), PD-L2 in 20.0% (6/30), and CTLA-4 in 90%. CK-7 showed positive expression in 23.3% of the patients. Notably, PD-L1 positivity was associated with a higher frequency of simple papillary structures and better outcomes in patients receiving TKI monotherapy. Conversely, patients who underwent radical surgery, exhibited negative CK-7 expression, had positive PD-1 expression, and negative PD-L2 expression, demonstrated shorter disease-free survival (DFS). Additionally, those who underwent radical surgery and were PD-L2 negative had worse cancer-specific survival (CSS).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>FH-RCC is highly aggressive and has a poor prognosis, and clinical and pathologic parameters such as IHC expression including PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2 and CTLA-4 have a predictive value in prognosis and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"1152"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12235827/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144583068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy versus chemotherapy for elderly patients with IB-IIIB non-small-cell lung cancer in real-world practice.","authors":"Yongfeng Shuai, Jiacong Liu, Yuhong Yang, Xuhua Huang, Jiayue Ye, Linhai Zhu, Jian Hu","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14545-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14545-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Immunochemotherapy is currently the standard treatment plan for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with no driver gene mutations. However, it is uncertain whether immunochemotherapy is effective or safe for elderly patients (≥ 65 years). Therefore, this study compared preoperative immunochemotherapy and chemotherapy with stage IB-IIIB NSCLC in elderly patients (≥ 65 years) for safety and effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between 2016 and 2022, all elderly patients (≥ 65 years) with IB-IIIB NSCLC who underwent 2-4 cycles of neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy or chemotherapy at the Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine were consecutively included in this retrospective study. In this study, we followed up patients for at least 1 year after surgery or until they abandoned treatment. The primary endpoints of this study were disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). The secondary endpoints were composed of pathological response [major pathological response (MPR) and pathological complete remission (pCR)], adverse events (AEs) and objective response rate (ORR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 140 patients in our study and classified them into two groups according to their neoadjuvant treatment regimen: chemotherapy (n = 47) and immunochemotherapy (n = 93). In the chemotherapy group, the median DFS was 19.4 months [95% confidence interval [CI], 2.4 to 36.4], but not achieved by the immunochemotherapy group (hazard ratio [HR] for disease progression, disease recurrence, or death, 0.247; 95% CI, 0.122 to 0.501; P < 0.001). The chemotherapy group had a median OS of 41.8 months (95% CI, 9.1 to 74.5), while the median OS of the immunochemotherapy group was not achieved (HR for death,0.265; 95% CI, 0.115 to 0.611; P < 0.001). The immunochemotherapy group had a significantly higher ORR than the chemotherapy group (73.1% vs. 29.8%, P < 0.001). The immunochemotherapy group had 19.4% of grade 3-4 AEs, while the chemotherapy group had 8.5% (P = 0.156). The immunochemotherapy group showed a significantly higher rate of MPR than the chemotherapy group (64.4% vs. 25.8%, P < 0.001). The immunochemotherapy group had a pCR rate of 32.2%, while the chemotherapy group had a pCR rate of 16.1% (P = 0.101).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy was associated with improved survival rates, ORR, and MPR rates compared to chemotherapy alone in elderly patients (≥ 65 years) with IB-IIIB NSCLC, without a significant increase in AEs.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"1150"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12232794/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144574816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recognition of cancer chemotherapy adverse effect by patients: a cross-sectional study from Palestine.","authors":"Ayah Maqdasawi, Rawan Ghanayiem, Marwa Khalaf, Riad Amer, Sultan Mosleh, Ramzi Shawahna","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14563-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14563-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>It has been suggested that patient awareness of chemotherapy-induced side effects is not uniform and may vary according to communication quality between healthcare providers and patients, educational initiatives, and the type of cancer and chemotherapy regimen. This study aimed to assess real-world chemotherapy-induced adverse effects as reported by cancer patients in the West Bank of Palestine and to identify key predictors of these side effects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted between January and December 2023 in various hospitals in the West Bank of Palestine. A validated questionnaire, previously developed and reviewed for face validity by a panel of experts, was administered to 266 consenting cancer patients receiving chemotherapy, and their electronic medical records were also reviewed. Descriptive statistics, chi-square/Fisher's exact tests, and multiple regression analyses were used to explore associations between sociodemographic/clinical variables and chemotherapy-induced adverse effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median age of the 266 cancer patients was 48 [25-60] years. Overall, 91.7% of patients reported weakness, 88.0% reported hair loss, and 87.2% experienced vertigo, among other side effects. Multiple regression analyses revealed that a longer duration of chemotherapy sessions was a consistent predictor of increased adverse effects-specifically, it predicted higher frequencies of fever (Beta = 0.29, p < 0.001), vertigo (Beta = 0.29, p < 0.001), and weakness (Beta = 0.14, p = 0.031). Additionally, older age was associated with lower frequencies of fever (Beta = -0.28, p < 0.001) and skin toxicity (Beta = -0.30, p < 0.001), while female sex was linked to increased reports of weakness (Beta = 0.20, p = 0.003), hair loss (Beta = 0.25, p = 0.001), and edema (Beta = -0.22, p = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings underscore a substantial burden of chemotherapy-induced side effects among cancer patients treated in Palestinian hospitals, with treatment-related parameters-particularly the duration of chemotherapy sessions-significantly influencing the frequency of adverse effects. These results highlight the need for tailored counseling and personalized interventions that consider patient demographics and treatment characteristics to optimize care and improve quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"1149"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12232684/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144574817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical significance of NCOA4 in glioblastoma: diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic value.","authors":"Guangtang Chen, Xueping Shi, Rukai Jiao, Jiacai Qian, Xi Zeng","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14521-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14521-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Glioblastoma (GBM), classified as a WHO grade IV tumor, is associated with an extremely poor prognosis. Recent studies have identified NCOA4 as a crucial protein involved in ferritinophagy-induced ferroptosis. This research aims to investigate the clinical significance of NCOA4 in GBM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The associations between NCOA4 and WHO grading, histology, clinicopathological characteristics, and prognosis were examined using the TCGA-GBMLGG, CGGA, and TCGA-GBM datasets, complemented by immunohistochemical experiments. Subsequently, the prognostic significance of NCOA4 was assessed through univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses using the TCGA-GBM dataset. Moreover, the associations between NCOA4 and various infiltrating immune cells as well as their markers in GBM were investigated. Ultimately, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were utilized to elucidate the biological roles of NCOA4.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>NCOA4 expression significantly decreased with increasing WHO grade and malignancy of gliomas (p < 0.05), reaching the lowest levels in GBM (p < 0.05), indicating its potential diagnostic value. Low NCOA4 expression was significantly tied to a poor prognosis in GBM (p < 0.05) and functioned as an independent prognostic indicator (p < 0.05). It was also related to inadequate infiltration of B cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells (p < 0.05). Insufficient infiltration of B cells and macrophages could forecast a poor prognosis in GBM (p < 0.05). GO and KEGG analyses further confirmed NCOA4's involvement in ferroptosis and B cell signaling regulation pathways (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NCOA4's low expression in GBM correlates with tumor malignancy, adverse outcomes, and inadequate immune cell infiltration, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"1151"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12232810/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144574815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatoblastoma regional trends: dynamic SDI & joinpoint regression analysis.","authors":"Miao Jia, Enyang He, Wenjing Sun, Hualei Cui, Hailan Zhao, Wei Zhao, Wei Liu, Zhenhua Guo, Yi Wang, Wei Feng","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14566-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14566-2","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Hepatoblastoma (HB), the most common pediatric primary liver cancer, accounts for 80% of childhood liver malignancies but only 1% of all pediatric cancers. Approximately 90% of cases occur in children under five years old, with 20-40% of patients presenting with distant metastases at diagnosis. Surgical resection is critical, but only 50-60% of tumors are completely resectable initially; unresectable or highly invasive cases require liver transplantation, highlighting the disease's severe clinical and economic burden. Despite regional disparities in incidence and mortality, the global burden of HB remains underquantified, with limited understanding of its correlation with socioeconomic factors., This study aims to comprehensively assess the disease burden of HB and its correlation with socioeconomic factors, identify high-burden regions, and provide evidence to optimize resource allocation and reduce disease burden.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Using data from the global burden of disease (GBD) 2021 Study, we analyzed HB incidence, mortality, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) across 204 countries/regions from 1990 to 2021. Linear regression was employed to calculate the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) to assess time trends, while joinpoint regression calculate the annual percentage change (APC) and average annual percentage change (AAPC) to identified inflection points in trends. Subgroup analyses were conducted by time-varying socio-demographic index (SDI), geographic region, and age.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;From 1990 to 2021, global HB incidence rate decreased by 60.11%, with mortality and DALYs rates showing parallel decreases. (EAPC=-0.53 for both). However, high-SDI region exhibited increasing incidence (EAPC = 0.21), driven by Australasia (EAPC = 0.81) and high-income North America (EAPC = 0.73), In 2021, Low-SDI regions, particularly West Sub-Saharan Africa, ranked first globally in all assessed HB burden indicators. China had the highest case count, and India had the most deaths. Mali had the highest incidence and mortality rates, whereas Estonia had the lowest. Joinpoint regression analysis revealed a post-2004 slowing of the global decline in age-standardized HB incidence and prevalence, and post-2006 slowing of the global decline in mortality rates. Concurrently, high-SDI regions exhibited persistent upward trends (AAPC = 0.75), particularly in high-income North America (AAPC = 2.23), Australasia (AAPC = 2.02), and Western Europe (AAPC = 0.73), where incidence rates have risen consistently since the early 2000s. These trends contrast with sustained declines in regions like Central Sub-Saharan Africa.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;HB remains a significant global health issue. Over the past 32 years, the global burden of HB has generally declined, but the rate of decline has slowed, with stark disparities between socioeconomic regions. Global cooperation is e","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"1148"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12228372/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144567092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of different types of aerobic exercises on cancer-related fatigue among colorectal cancer patients: a meta-analysis based on randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Xu Xiaoyang, Zhou Chunhui, Yang Xiaolan, Zhu Dong","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14532-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14532-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent and lethal disease. Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) poses a significant challenge to patients during their daily life and rehabilitation. Research indicates that aerobic exercises can alleviate CRF, but the optimal type, intensity, and timing of exercise interventions remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To conduct a meta-analysis of randomised control trials comparing the effects of different aerobic exercise intensities and training protocols on CRF and HRQoL.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This meta-analysis searched electronic databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library, from their inception until February 2024. The meta-analyses were conducted using Revman 5.3 software. It examined the effects of different types of aerobic exercises on CRF among CRC patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ultimately, 9 studies were included with a total of 425 patients. The meta-analysis results showed that aerobic exercises significantly reduce symptoms of CRF (SMD = - 0.35, Z = 2.39, P = 0.02), with continuous and interval training presenting the most promising type. The intensity and type of exercise influence CRF outcomes. The analysis also revealed potential publication bias in CRF research, suggesting the need for more studies that include negative results.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings underscore the importance of personalized exercise prescriptions and integrating exercise into cancer care to improve CRF and enhance patients' quality of life. Further research is necessary to explore the best exercise regimens and their long-term effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"1145"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12228190/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144567091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nasopharyngeal carcinoma detected noninvasively in the real world using three gene methylation analyses from automatically processed bilateral nasal swab samples.","authors":"Zi-Han Qin, Si-Yuan Chen, Shuai Zhou, Hua Deng, Lan-Xi Li, Qi-Lun Guo, Xiong Zou, Pei-Yu Huang, Ming-Yuan Chen, Liang Zhang, Yi-Jun Hua","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14508-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14508-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Efforts have been made to improve the performance of nasopharyngeal carcinoma screening strategies, which include EBV related biomarkers. However, the advances achieved still remain imperfection. DNA methylation occurs early in cancer development and can be used as potential diagnostic biomarker. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic performance of three methylated genes in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 255 nasopharyngeal swabs and 35 plasma samples were collected from patients with newly diagnosed or treated NPC and healthy controls. Methylation-specific PCR (MSP) was used to evaluate the methylation levels of three genes (SEPTIN9, RASSF1A, and H4C6) in swabs and plasma samples. The methylation rates, sensitivity, and specificity of the candidate genes were calculated. Furthermore, the detectability of methylated genes in paired swabs and plasma was compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The detection rate of methylated SEPTIN9, RASSF1A, and H4C6 in nasopharyngeal swabs of patients with newly diagnosed NPC was 88.2%, 92.9% and 71.8%, respectively, while it reduced to 54.3%, 42.9% and 45.7% in blood plasma. The sensitivity of detecting methylated SEPTIN9, RASSF1A, and H4C6 to distinguish between untreated NPC and healthy controls was 88%, 93%, and 72%, respectively. Methylated RASSF1A showed the highest classification accuracy (AUC = 0.956). The detection rate of the methylated target genes was considerably lower in paired plasma samples.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The detection of RASSF1A methylation through non-invasive nasopharyngeal cavity swab sampling demonstrates significant potential for NPC diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"1147"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12228209/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144567093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive molecular biomarkers of radiosensitivity in adult glioma: a narrative review.","authors":"Romina Abyaneh, Sanaz Bordbar, Soroush Moradi, Sina Molavizade, Shiva Fallahianshafiei, Paola Anna Jablonska, Alba Fiorentino, Reza Ghalehtaki","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14514-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14514-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gliomas are the most common malignant primary brain tumors in adults, yet their prognosis remains poor despite advances in treatment. Radiotherapy is a cornerstone of glioma management; however, its efficacy is often limited by tumor radioresistance. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying this resistance is critical for improving therapeutic outcomes. Recent research has identified key biomarkers and molecular pathways, including immune modulation, hypoxia, cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, and stress responses that influence tumor radiosensitivity and prognosis. This review explores predictive molecular biomarkers for radiosensitivity in gliomas, highlighting the latest advancements in preclinical studies and available clinical data, as well as their potential to inform future personalized radiotherapy strategies. Incorporating these biomarkers into clinical decision-making may facilitate patient stratification, guide combined modality approaches, and improve treatment precision and outcomes in glioma care.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"1146"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12228185/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144567094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal surveillance intervals for hepatocellular carcinoma screening in cirrhotic patients with hepatitis C infection: a Taiwanese national cohort study.","authors":"Shen-Shong Chang, Yu-Chin Chen, Hsiao-Yun Hu, Yung-Feng Yen, Nicole Huang","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14551-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14551-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance guidelines recommend ultrasound screening every 6 months, which was determined empirically. Since liver disease progression is heterogeneous among different etiologies, it is clinically valuable to analyze patients with specific etiologies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of surveillance intervals, duration of cirrhosis, and HCC risk factors on the survival of hepatitis C virus (HCV) cirrhotic patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This nationwide cohort study included adult patients who were newly diagnosed as having HCV-related cirrhosis between January 2007 and December 2018. 5,093 newly diagnosed cirrhotic HCV related HCC patients were analyzed. The timing of ultrasonography screening was categorized into 4 cohorts: 0- to 6-month cohort (6-month cohort), 7- to 12-month cohort (12-month cohort), 13- to 24-month cohort (24-month cohort), and not screened within 2 years cohort (unscreened cohort). The chance of early stage of HCC diagnosis and receiving curative treatment were calculated. Association between surveillance interval and all-cause mortality was analyzed adjusting for lead-time bias.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 6-month group had the highest likelihood of being diagnosed with an early-stage HCC, followed by the 12-month group (OR = 0.69; 95% CI 0.55-0.85) and the 24-month group (OR = 0.355; 95% CI 0.27-0.47), the last by the unscreened group (OR = 0.296; 95% CI 0.22-0.40). The 6-month group had the highest likelihood of being received curative treatment, followed by the 12-month group (OR = 0.721, 95% CI 0.58-0.89) and the 24-month group (OR = 0.584; 95% CI 0.44-0.77), the last by the unscreened group (OR = 0.513; 95% CI 0.38-0.69). The 6-month group had the least likelihood of all-cause mortality, followed by the 12-month group (HR = 1.134; 95% CI 1.02-1.26), the 24-month group (HR = 1.570; 95% CI 1.39-1.77), and the unscreened group (HR = 1.520; 95% CI 1.33-1.73). After adjusting for lead-time bias, the 6-month group had the least likelihood of all-cause mortality. In the 6-month group, cirrhotic HCV patients with an AFP less than 20 ng/ml, with a MELD score less than 20, with cirrhosis duration between 3-5 years had better survival.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A 6-month surveillance interval can significantly improve the detection rate of early-stage HCC, likelihood of receiving curative treatment, and prolong the overall survival of cirrhotic HCV patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"1141"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12228265/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144564415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"U-shaped association of serum lactate dehydrogenase with all-cause mortality in cancer patients: a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Mao Zhang, Rui Guo, Xinsheng Xi, Hengping Li","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14567-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14567-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is a vital metabolic enzyme with significant prognostic value in various diseases. However, the association between LDH levels and mortality risk in cancer patients remains insufficiently characterized.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study included 4,337 cancer patients from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (1999-2018). The exposure variable was serum LDH levels, and the outcome was all-cause mortality. Covariates included demographic characteristics, anthropometric measures, metabolic indicators, and comorbidities. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate the association between LDH and mortality. The nonlinear relationship was further investigated using generalized additive models with penalized splines and two-piecewise Cox models. All statistical analyses were performed using EmpowerStats software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a follow-up of 39,217.58 person-years, 1,779 deaths occurred. After full adjustment, each 10 U/L increase in LDH was associated with a 5.0% increased mortality risk (Hazard ratio [HR] = 1.05, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03-1.07). A U-shaped relationship between LDH levels and mortality was observed, with an inflection point at 128 U/L, with mortality risk reduced by 7% below this threshold (HR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.89-0.97) and increasing by 8% above this threshold (HR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.06-1.10). This pattern was consistent across sexes, with optimal thresholds of 121 U/L for males and 136 U/L for females.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LDH demonstrates a U-shaped association with all-cause mortality in cancer patients, with sex-specific optimal ranges identified. These findings suggest that LDH levels within the identified ranges are associated with improved survival outcomes in patients with cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"1143"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12228327/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144564418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}