BMC Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Impact of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on tumour volume in unilateral Wilms tumour histotypes: a retrospective study.","authors":"Sara Benlhachemi, Mohammed Khattab, Kenza Hattoufi, Redouane Abouqal, Elmostafa El Fahime","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14177-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14177-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Wilms tumour (WT), the most common paediatric kidney tumour, is treated in Morocco following the SIOP protocol, which practices neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). The response to NAC can be assessed by considering both tumor volume reduction and the proportion of therapy-induced changes observed in histological specimens, including necrosis. This retrospective study assesses the impact of NAC on tumour volume across various WT histotypes and correlates these changes with proportions of therapy-induced necrosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analysed imaging data and anatomopathological reports, before and after NAC, of 56 patients with unilateral WT, admitted to the children's hospital in Rabat, from January 2014 to February 2018.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>NAC significantly reduced tumour volume in 82% of WT cases, with an average decrease of 65% in tumour size, with a p < 0.001. Notably, the regressive, blastemal, and mixed types exhibited the most significant response to NAC, in 94%, 82%, and 92% of cases, with p < 0.001, 0.010, 0.002, respectively. The epithelial type showed a decrease in tumour volume in 73% of cases, with p = 0.041. Whereas, the stromal type did not exhibit a significant decrease in tumour volume following NAC (p = 0.790). Moreover, tumor volume decreased by 43% in one case with focal anaplasia and blastemal type, but increased by 7% in the other case with focal anaplasia and regressive type. The change in tumour volume and necrosis demonstrates a moderate negative correlation (Rho = -0.428; p < 0.001). An increase in the proportion of necrosis is associated with a decrease in tumor volume.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings show a significant reduction in tumour size following NAC in all WT histotypes, with the exception of the stromal type, suggesting the need for alternative strategies, such as intensified treatment or initial nephrectomy for operable tumours.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"1031"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12211640/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Individual and community-level determinants of cervical cancer screening among Kenyan women: a multilevel analysis of a Kenya demographic and health surveys 2022.","authors":"Beminate Lemma Seifu, Angwach Abrham Asnake, Teshale Belayneh, Tesfahun Hailemariam","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14474-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14474-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Though studies reported factors determining cervical cancer screening, investigating community-level determinants was limited and not conclusive. This study included both individual- and community-level indicators to investigate factors affecting cervical cancer screening nationwide in Kenyan reproductive-age women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The 2022 Kenyan Demography and Health Survey data was used for the study. A total of 16,716 reproductive-age women were included in the analysis. A multilevel analysis using generalized linear mixed models with the log-binomial function was applied to examine the association between individual- and community-level factors with cervical cancer screening. The goodness of a fit model was identified by using deviance, and the model with the lowest deviance was considered as the best-fitted model. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with its 95% confidence interval (CI) at p-value < 0.05 was used to declare significantly associated factors with women's cervical cancer screening.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The pooled prevalence of cervical cancer screening in Kenya was 7.40% (95% CI: 7.02%, 7.78%). Women's age, marital status, educational status, wealth index, employment status, media exposure, parity, contraceptive use, visited health facility last 12 months, self-reported sexually transmitted disease, and geographical zone were significantly associated with cervical cancer screening.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Policies should give emphasis to community-based education, health insurance coverage to overcome the financial burden of the community, create opportunities for women`s employment, strengthen media exposure to educate women, and increase the coverage of contraceptive use. Moreover, infrastructure accessibility and awareness creation on the benefits of facility visits and medical checkups could improve cervical cancer screening in Kenya.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"1067"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12211491/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic impact of tace combined with sorafenib or lenvatinib followed by regorafenib in recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation: a retrospective study.","authors":"Zhao-Dan Ye, Meng-Chen Song, Al-Kalei Ama, Li Zhuang, Yan Zhang, Sheng-Li Ye, He-Miao Shi, Si-Yi Zhong, Dan Zhu, Guo-Hong Cao, Jing-Feng Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14446-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14446-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tumor recurrence after liver transplantation (LT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a significant challenge. This study systematically evaluates the efficacy and safety of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) for post-LT tumor recurrence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 78 patients with recurrent intrahepatic HCC after LT. Seventy patients received TACE in combination with either sorafenib or lenvatinib, followed by regorafenib. Outcomes evaluated included time to progression (TTP), post-recurrence survival (PRS), post-transplantation survival (PTS), objective response rate (ORR), and adverse events (AEs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median TTP for recurrent intrahepatic HCC with combination therapy was 6 months (95% CI: 3.685-8.315), while the median PRS and PTS were 16 months (95% CI: 13.049-18.951) and 25 months (95% CI: 20.447-29.553), respectively. The ORR for intrahepatic tumors was 71.4%. AEs, including post-embolization syndrome and myelosuppression, were manageable.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>TACE combined with TKIs has good efficacy and safety in the treatment of HCC recurrence post-LT and is expected to prolong survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"1049"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12210462/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor use and mortality in patients with endometrial cancer: a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Min Wang, Mingxia Ye, Maria Lucero, Wanchun Pan, Xin Wang, Heping Zhang, Ling Zhou, Yuanguang Meng","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14453-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14453-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Endometrial cancer is closely linked to obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), originally developed for diabetes, demonstrate potential anti-cancer properties. This study aims to investigate the association between SGLT2i use and all-cause mortality among patients with endometrial cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a real-world, retrospective cohort study using data from the US TriNetX electronic health record database. Female patients diagnosed with endometrial cancer between 2014 and 2023 were included. Propensity score matching (1:1) balanced baseline characteristics, including demographics, comorbidities, and medication use. The primary outcome was overall survival, analyzed via Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2,079 matched patient pairs were analyzed (SGLT2i vs. non-SGLT2i). SGLT2i use was significantly associated with lower all-cause mortality (8.21% vs. 20.56%; HR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.41-0.59; P < 0.0001). Subgroup analyses indicated consistent survival benefits in patients regardless of age and body mass index, and those with heart failure, T2DM, and chronic kidney disease. SGLT2i did not increase risks of serious adverse events, including urinary tract infections, ketoacidosis, sepsis, or acute kidney failure.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>As one of the treatments for T2DM, SGLT2i treatment in patients with endometrial cancer was associated with significantly reduced all-cause mortality, highlighting its potential as an adjunctive therapeutic strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"1065"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12211756/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of somatic mutations and clinicopathologic features of micropapillary and non-micropapillary colorectal carcinomas.","authors":"Zeynep Sagnak Yilmaz, Sibel Demir Kececi, Sevdegul Aydin Mungan, Ismail Saygin, Sulen Sarioglu","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14487-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14487-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Micropapillary carcinoma (MPC) is a type of tumor that is histopathologically characterized by the presence of small papillary structures. Literature data on somatic mutations in MPCs are very limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred fifty-nine colon resection cases diagnosed with adenocarcinoma whose DNA mutations were analyzed by next-generation sequencing (NGS) were retrospectively reviewed. In 10 cases, the MPC area exceeded 5%. Chi-square test was used to evaluate histopathologic characteristics and somatic mutations in MPCs and non-MPCs. The relationship between mutations and clinicopathological parameters in all cases was investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The presence of MPC areas in carcinomas was associated with higher histologic grades (MPC: n = 6; 60% vs. non-MPC: n = 22; 14.8%), more advanced pathologic T (pT4 MPC: n = 5; 50% vs. non-MPC: n = 46; 34.6%) and N stages (pN2b MPC: n = 5; 50% vs. non-MPC: n = 26; 19.5%) and more frequent tumor deposits (MPC: n = 7; 87.5% vs. non-MPC: n = 44; 46.8%), lymphovascular invasion (MPC: n = 8; 80% vs. non-MPC: n = 83; 55.7%), and perineural invasion (MPC: n = 7; 70% vs. non-MPC: n = 42; 28.2%). A significant difference was found between MPCs and non-MPCs in terms of histological grade (p = 0.002) and perineural invasion (p = 0.01). TP53, KRAS, and PIK3CA genes were the most frequently mutated genes in both MPCs and non-MPCs (TP53 MPC: n = 6; 100% vs. non-MPC: n = 72; 64.9% - KRAS MPC: n = 4; 40% vs. non-MPC: n = 66; 44.3% - PIK3CA MPC: n = 2; 20% vs. non-MPC: n = 32; 21.5%). There was no statistically significant difference in somatic mutations between the groups (TP53: p = 0.177, KRAS: p = 1.000, PIK3CA: p = 1.000, BRCA2: p = 0.181, ERBB2: p = 0.327, BRAF: p = 1.000, MAP2K1: p = 0.062). A significant difference was found between the TP53 mutant and TP53 wild-type groups in terms of tumor deposits (p = 0.033) and perineural invasion (p = 0.046). The male rate was significantly higher in KRAS wild-type cases (n = 69; 77.5%) compared to KRAS mutant cases (n = 38; 54.3%) (p = 0.002). The mean age, T and N staging were significantly different between PIK3CA mutant and PIK3CA wild-type cases (p = 0.01; p = 0.033; p = 0.019, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We found that MPCs had more advanced clinical stages and histological features associated with poor prognosis, such as advanced T and N stages, higher histological grade, presence of tumor deposits, lymphovascular and perineural invasion.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"1100"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12211183/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of a small-sample machine learning model to predict 5-year overall survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.","authors":"Tingting Jiang, Xingyu Liu, Wencan He, Hepei Li, Xiang Yan, Qian Yu, Shanjun Mao","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14425-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14425-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Early-onset hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is insidious, with characteristics of easy metastasis, high recurrence rate, and significant mortality. To address the substantial time and resource demands associated with HCC prognostic prediction, we extract meaningful insights from limited small-sample data to develop and validate a prediction model for HCC 5-year overall survival (OS) by machine learning (ML).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>76 newly diagnosed patients with HCC were eventually enrolled between September 2018 and July 2019. The follow-up time was 1-67 months. Patients who survived for 5 years after the first surgery, were divided into a surviving group (n = 34) and a nonsurviving group (n = 42). Pathological data and related survival factors of patients were collected before treatment. The final subset of features was filtered. Prediction models for 5-year OS in patients with HCC were established by logistic regression (LR), support vector machine (SVM), decision tree classification (DTC), random forests (RF), and extreme gradient Boosting (XGBoost), respectively. Additionally, the optimal model was established after rigorous validation. The models were evaluated by values of specificity, F1 score, recall, accuracy and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC). The decision curve analysis (DCA) method was assessed the evaluation. Finally, internal and external validations were performed to further validate model' robustness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The significant variable set, which included 22 variables, was screened. Ranking the importance of variables, the top 22 characteristic variables were as follows: the maximum diameter, presence or absence of distant metastasis, CNLC stage, ALB, age, RBC, the large size CTC, total bilirubin (TBIL), PD-L1 (-) CTC, ≥ Pentaploid CTC, AFP, vascular cancer thrombus and satellite nodules, WBC, CTC, BCLC stage, multiple nodules, AST, PD-L1 (-) CTC-WBC cluster, Triploid CTC, LYM, PD-L1 (-) CEC-WBC cluster and degree of cirrhosis. The AUC-ROC values for predicting the 5-year OS rate of HCC patients by the logistic regression, SVM, DTC, RF, and XGBoost models were 0.737, 0.971, 0.657, 0.741, and 0.703, respectively. Among them, the SVM model had the best performance (Accuracy = 0.987, F1 score = 0.988, Recall value = 1.000). The SVM algorithm demonstrated superior performance and stability in the internal and external validations of the model.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The SVM model could predict the 5-year OS in HCC with good recognition ability and achieves significantly greater accuracy compared to traditional models. Diagnosis and treatment could be utilized to intervene in the risk factors in this model, thereby improving patient prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"1040"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12211751/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BAIAP2 as a driver of tumor progression in urothelial bladder cancer.","authors":"Long Huang, Dong Yan, Honglian Ruan, Qiongqiong Lin, Haide Qin","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14470-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14470-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Urothelial bladder cancer (UBC) is a highly heterogeneous malignancy with poor prognosis in muscle-invasive and high-grade subtypes. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) drives tumor aggressiveness, yet its molecular mechanisms in UBC remain unclear. BAI1 associated protein 2 (BAIAP2) has been linked to cancer progression but remains unexplored in UBC. This study investigates the expression, functional role, and regulatory mechanisms of BAIAP2 in UBC, focusing on its contribution to tumor aggressiveness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study investigated the role of BAIAP2 in UBC using single-cell data analysis, bioinformatics, and functional assays. BAIAP2 expression was analyzed across UBC sub-populations, stages, and molecular subtypes via immunohistochemistry and quantitative methods. Transwell migration, invasion, and wound-healing assays were used to assess the impact of BAIAP2 knockdown and overexpression on cell behavior. EMT-like changes were examined through immunofluorescence and bright-field imaging. The roles of BAIAP2 in regulation of EMT pathways and its interaction with the transcription factor RELA were validated by Western blot analysis. Enrichment analysis of TCGA-BLCA datasets identified associated gene ontology terms and KEGG pathways.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>BAIAP2 was overexpressed in UBC, particularly in muscle-invasive and high-grade subtypes, and correlated with poor prognosis. Functional assays showed BAIAP2 promoted migration, invasion, and EMT-like changes, while its knockdown suppressed these behaviors. Bioinformatics analysis linked BAIAP2 to the transcription factor RELA, with RELA knockdown reducing BAIAP2 expression. Enrichment analysis implicated BAIAP2 in cytoskeletal reorganization and tumor progression, highlighting its role in UBC aggressiveness and potential for further therapeutic investigation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>BAIAP2 was highly expressed in muscle-invasive and high-grade tumors and was associated with poor prognosis. It promoted metastasis and EMT through activation of cytoskeletal remodeling. These findings identified BAIAP2 as a promising biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for the aggressive UBC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"1057"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12211370/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and cytokines as predictors of cognitive impairment in adolescent and young adult cancer patients receiving chemotherapy: a longitudinal study.","authors":"Julia Trudeau, Ding Quan Ng, Michael Sayer, Chia Jie Tan, Yu Ke, Raymond J Chan, Alexandre Chan","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14430-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14430-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Inflammatory signaling is linked with cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI), potentially through modulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression. Here, we evaluate associations between plasma cytokines and BDNF and their relationship with cognition in a longitudinal study of adolescent and young adult cancer patients (AYAC) receiving chemotherapy and non-cancer controls (NC) (Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT03476070).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Newly diagnosed AYAC (15-39 years old) and age-matched NC completed the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Cognitive Function questionnaire (FACT-Cog), the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB), and blood draws every 3-6 months up to 12 months (AYAC) or 6 months (NC) from baseline. Plasma levels of cytokines and BDNF were quantified using a multiplexed immunoassay and ELISA, respectively. Biomarker-cognition and cytokine-BDNF associations were analyzed using mixed-effects models with interactions for chemotherapy status for AYAC (during chemotherapy vs. > 30 days post-chemotherapy).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One-hundred and seventy-seven participants were included, with 66 AYAC and 111 NC. AYAC had a higher frequency of clinically significant cognitive impairment during and post-chemotherapy compared to NC. In trends unique to AYAC, higher IL-10 was associated with better self-perceived cognition, IL-8 with better multi-tasking, IL-6 with worse multi-tasking, response speed, and attention, and TNF-α with better memory (p < 0.05). Higher BDNF was associated with better memory and response speed (p < 0.05). IL-4, IL-10, TNF-α, and IFN-γ were associated with BDNF levels among AYAC and NC (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our large, age-matched study implicates dysregulated cytokine signaling and altered BDNF expression in CRCI among AYAC during and post-chemotherapy. As precision medicine becomes integrated into AYA patient care, plasma BDNF and cytokines may serve as important predictors of CRCI onset.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The study was prospectively registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03476070) on March 3, 2018.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"1045"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12211463/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular risks associated with adjuvant endocrine therapy in women with breast cancer: a population-based cohort study.","authors":"Iokfai Cheang, Ying Gue, Mei-Zhen Wu, Jia-Yi Huang, Qing-Wen Ren, Ziqi Chen, Yi-Kei Tse, Hang-Long Li, Yap-Hang Chan, Hung-Fat Tse, Xinli Li, Gregory Y H Lip, Kai-Hang Yiu","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14280-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14280-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Endocrine therapies, including tamoxifen (TMX) and aromatase inhibitors (AIs), are widely used in breast cancer treatment. This study aims to evaluate the cardiovascular risks associated with these therapies in different age groups of non-metastatic breast cancer patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cohort study using data from patients newly diagnosed with non-metastatic breast cancer. Patients were categorized into two ages (< 45 years and > 55 years) and then divided into groups based on whether they were newly receiving either TMX or AI. Follow-up continued until the first occurrence of a study outcome, death, or the last date of data collection (December 31, 2022). Primary outcomes were coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction (MI), ischemic stroke, hospitalization for heart failure (HHF), atrial fibrillation (AF), cardiovascular mortality, all-cause mortality, and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among patients < 45 years old, 2837 were newly treated with TMX (n = 2370) or AI (n = 467). During a median follow-up of 8.4 years, the incidence rates of coronary artery disease (5.6 vs. 6.6 per 1000 person-years), myocardial infarction (1.0 vs. 1.7 per 1000 person-years), ischemic stroke (1.5 vs. 1.5 per 1000 person-years), and cardiovascular mortality (1.4 vs. 1.5 per 1000 person-years) were similar between TMX and AI users, with no significant differences in hazard ratios or cumulative incidence curves. However, AI users had a higher risk of HHF (Weighted HR, 3.08 [95% CI, 1.54-6.13], P = 0.001) and AF (P = 0.039) compared to TMX users. For MACE, there was a non-significant elevated risk (Weighted HR, 1.59 [95% CI, 0.90-2.81]), suggesting a trend toward increased risk. Among patients > 55 years old, 11,846 were newly treated with TMX (n = 6577) or AI (n = 5269). During a median follow-up of 5.0 years, AI users had a significantly increased risk of primary cardiovascular outcomes, including CAD, MI, ischemic stroke, HHF, AF, cardiovascular mortality, and MACE (all P < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study indicates that AIs are linked to a higher risk of cardiovascular events in post-menopausal patients compared to TMX. In younger patients, TMX's protective effect on cardiovascular outcomes may be less pronounced. Further large-scale studies are required to corroborate and address limitations related to menopausal status and residual confounding.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"1063"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12210659/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NHP2 and PRPF4 are hub genes associated with the prognosis of colorectal cancer.","authors":"Ning Li, Li-Juan Gao, Ke-Xin Guo, Jie Wang, De-Ping Wang, Jia-Yi Hou, Ji-Min Cao","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14431-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14431-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is an urgent need to identify more accurate and practical prognostic markers for improving the diagnosis and treatment outcomes of colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to identify hub genes of CRC and to evaluate their clinical significance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Proteomics analysis was performed on human CRC tissues and adjacent normal tissues, with bioinformatic screening applied to identify hub genes. Differential mRNA/protein expression of the hub genes between CRC tissues and adjacent tissues was validated using public databases combined with RT-qPCR. Potential upstream regulators of hub genes were predicted through integrated analysis of the TF-target database, Starbase, and Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD). Protein expression levels of the hub genes were assessed in 100 tissues by immunohistochemistry (IHC)with semi-quantitative scoring. Prognostic utility of the screened hub genes was evaluated through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and overall survival (OS) stratification.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>NHP2 (a small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein) and PRPF4 (pre-mRNA processing factor 4) were identified as two hub genes/proteins in CRC. Both genes exhibited significant upregulation in CRC tissues at transcriptional and translational levels compared with adjacent tissues. ROC analysis demonstrated strong diagnostic potential: NHP2 AUC (area under curve) = 0.819 (95% CI: 0.639-0.958; P < 0.001) and PRPF4 AUC = 0.917 (95% CI: 0.785-1.000; P < 0.001). NHP2 and PRPF4 shared common regulators and exhibited a positive correlation in their expression levels.Clinically, patients with dual high expression of NHP2 and PRPF4 showed markedly reduced prognosis versus single-high or dual-low groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Concurrent overexpression of NHP2 and PRPF4 is significantly associated with worse prognosis in CRC. Combined detection of NHP2 and PRPF4 is potentially a valuable prognostic marker of CRC compared to individual assessments. Our findings contribute to the growing body of evidence supporting multi-marker strategies for prognostic evaluation in CRC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"1088"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12210669/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}