BMC Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Retraction Note: DNA methylation of miR‑138 regulates cell proliferation and EMT in cervical cancer by targeting EZH2.","authors":"Rui Chen, Qiyu Gan, Shuting Zhao, Dongrui Zhang, Shunli Wang, Lili Yao, Min Yuan, Jingxin Cheng","doi":"10.1186/s12885-026-16795-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-026-16795-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13508189/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148824976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photon irradiation prompts autophagy in anaplastic thyroid cancer.","authors":"Sabine Wächter, Franziska Knauff, Silvia Roth, Norman Krasser-Gercke, Katrin Roth, Ali Ebrahimifard, Detlef K Bartsch, Pietro Di Fazio","doi":"10.1186/s12885-026-16762-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-026-16762-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although promising results have been obtained for anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) therapy, this therapy still needs to be improved. In addition to the currently approved therapies, radiotherapy alone or combined with adjuvant immunotherapy could be beneficial for patients affected by ATC. The patients affected by this aggressive solid malignancy could benefit from the modulation of autophagy in cancer cells. This study focused on detecting autophagy players in ATCs and bursting autophagy process via photon irradiation to induce decay in irradiated ATCs. The transcript expression of autophagy genes was detected in tumor tissue resected from 19 patients and in C643 cells, four primary ATC cell lines and primary follicular thyroid cell line (Nthy-ori-3-1) photons irradiated with 4 or 6 Gy. The protein level of Beclin1 was detected by immunofluorescence in 10/19 patients. The levels of autophagy markers were detected by RT‒qPCR and western blotting in irradiated cells. Autophagy and maturation of autophagosome vesicles were monitored in C643 cells stably transfected with the GFP-RFP-LC3B plasmid. All patients included in the study exhibited significant overexpression of autophagy transcripts. Additionally, the Beclin1 protein was expressed in resected tumor tissue. Furthermore, the analysis of autophagy-related gene transcripts revealed significant increases in the expression of these genes in C643, Patient 2 and Patient 3 cells irradiated with 4 or 6 Gy. Additionally, irradiation with 4 or 6 Gy downregulated the expression of all the proteins involved in the autophagy process. Thus, the ongoing catabolic process was confirmed. Interestingly, the levels of AMPKα and its active phosphorylated form were strongly downregulated, which excluded its involvement in autophagy activation. 6 Gy photon irradiation caused an increase in both green and red fluorescence in C643-derived spheroids. An increase in fluorescence was detectable for up to 28 days. The spheroids gradually exhibited an increase in fluorescence, which probably caused the dismantling of their ultrastructure. This finding provides evidence of the bursting of autophagy and its ability to affect spheroid integrity. Photon irradiation exacerbates autophagy in anaplastic thyroid cancer cells and could represent a valid target for focused therapy against this aggressive malignancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13508399/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148817524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Prognostic factors and nomogram development for adult diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a single-center retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Jin Zhao, Jing Lian, Xiaolian Wen, Li Ma, Meijing Zheng, Liping Su","doi":"10.1186/s12885-026-16810-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-026-16810-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13501552/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148808056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neutropenia events with androgen receptor pathway inhibitor-containing versus control therapies in prostate cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Jinli Zhang, Anan Zhang, Jing Tian, Sheliang Wang, Meiying Xiao","doi":"10.1186/s12885-026-16782-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-026-16782-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To systematically evaluate the risk of neutropenia associated with androgen receptor pathway inhibitor (ARPI) intensification in patients with prostate cancer across phase 3 randomized controlled trials.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidance. PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform were searched for phase 3 randomized controlled trials evaluating ARPI-containing regimens in prostate cancer. The primary outcomes were any grade and grade 3 or higher neutropenia. Risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled using random-effects models. Exploratory subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed, and certainty of evidence was assessed using the GRADE framework.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight phase 3 randomized controlled trials were included. Seven trials involving 8,921 patients contributed to the analysis of any grade neutropenia, with 172 events among 4,897 patients in the ARPI-intensification arms and 118 among 4,024 patients in matched control arms (3.5% vs 2.9%). ARPI intensification was associated with a modest increase in any grade neutropenia (RR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.07-1.69; p = 0.010), with minimal heterogeneity (I² = 1.8%). Six trials involving 7,668 patients contributed to the analysis of grade 3 or higher neutropenia, with 302 events among 4,046 patients in the ARPI-intensification arms and 284 among 3,622 patients in control arms (7.5% vs 7.8%). No statistically significant increase was observed for grade 3 or higher neutropenia (RR, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.87-1.38; p = 0.453; I² = 0.0%). Exploratory analyses stratified by docetaxel use showed no significant between-subgroup differences, and sensitivity analyses were generally consistent with the primary findings. The certainty of evidence was moderate for any grade neutropenia and low for grade 3 or higher neutropenia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ARPI intensification compared with matched control regimens was associated with a modest increase in any grade neutropenia, whereas no significant increase was observed for grade 3 or higher neutropenia. Current randomized evidence does not establish that ARPIs independently increase the risk of severe neutropenia. Complete blood count monitoring may be individualized according to baseline hematologic risk and concomitant myelosuppressive therapy, particularly in patients receiving chemotherapy. Subgroup findings should be interpreted as exploratory.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13660136/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149164335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction Note: Enhanced antitumor efficacy in colon cancer using EGF functionalized PLGA nanoparticles loaded with 5-Fluorouracil and perfluorocarbon.","authors":"Pingping Wu, Qing Zhou, Huayun Zhu, Yan Zhuang, Jun Bao","doi":"10.1186/s12885-026-16805-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-026-16805-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13499958/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148787909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polygenic risk scores, adiposity, and disease transition in type 2 diabetes and colorectal cancer comorbidity: a population-based Chinese cohort study.","authors":"Bing Liu, Jue Xu, Caixia Jiang, Yan Zhang, Xin Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12885-026-16806-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-026-16806-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The co-occurrence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and colorectal cancer (CRC) represents an increasing public health concern, contributing to greater clinical complexity and poorer outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate whether polygenic risk scores (PRS) for T2D and CRC are associated with the risk of T2D-CRC comorbidity and to investigate their potential interaction with body mass index (BMI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A Chinese cohort comprising four groups was analyzed, including individuals with both T2D and CRC (n = 202), T2D_only (n = 203), CRC_only (n = 199), and controls (n = 201). Ancestry-matched genome-wide association study data were used to construct PRS for T2D and CRC. Associations between genetic risk, adiposity, and disease status were assessed using multinomial logistic regression and multi-state models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Individuals with T2D-CRC comorbidity exhibited higher PRS for both T2D and CRC compared with controls. In multinomial analyses, T2D PRS showed a borderline association with isolated CRC risk (OR = 1.24, P = 0.046). BMI significantly modified the association between CRC genetic liability and CRC risk (OR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.27-2.34; P for interaction = 0.033), with stronger effects observed among overweight individuals. Multi-state modeling suggested that CRC genetic liability was associated with a higher hazard of transition from T2D to comorbidity (HR = 1.21, P = 0.037, FDR q = 0.150). Furthermore, individuals in the highest CRC PRS group showed a higher modeled probability of progressing to comorbidity by age 80 compared with those at lower genetic risk in exploratory cumulative risk analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Genetic susceptibility to both T2D and CRC, together with adiposity, may help identify individuals at higher risk of developing comorbidity. Integrating PRS with BMI may provide a useful approach for risk stratification and support targeted prevention strategies in populations at elevated risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13584306/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148987918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human endogenous retroviruses as immune-related prognostic biomarkers in pancreatic cancer.","authors":"Paula Iuliana Toma, Laurentia Nicoleta Gales, Francois Ghiringhelli, Anda Trandafir, Raluca Ioana Budea, Silvia Mihaela Ilie","doi":"10.1186/s12885-026-16373-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-026-16373-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) may modulate antitumor immunity and prognosis in pancreatic cancer (PC), but reported findings remain heterogeneous.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. PubMed/MEDLINE and grey literature were searched for studies reporting HERV expression in PC. Extracted data included HERV family and genomic region, detection methods, biological specimens, immune correlations, clinicopathologic associations, and survival outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eleven studies were included, reporting 1,085 PC cases among 9,241 cancer patients. HERV-H was evaluated in 6 studies, HERV-K in 3, and 2 studies did not specify family. Elements included env sequences (3 studies), envelope proteins (2), LTR sequences (6), and LTR-derived proteins (HHLA2 (5). Detection methods comprised RNA-seq (n = 7 studies), PCR/qPCR (n = 7), immunohistochemistry (n = 6), western blot (n = 4), and ELISA (n = 4). HERV detection ranged from 16.7% to ~ 80%, varying with the sequence and laboratory method. Immune correlations were described in 7 studies, including associations with CD8⁺ T-cell infiltration, cytokines (IL-2, TNF-α, IFN-γ), PD-1/PD-L1, and anti-HERV antibodies. Overall survival was reported in 6 studies, with both adverse (HR 1.26-2.24) and favourable (HR 0.47-0.66) associations reported, particularly for HERV-H derived LTR products (HHLA2).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HERVs exhibit frequent, target-dependent expression patterns that trigger proinflammatory activation. Within these families, HERV-H derived LTR elements, specifically HHLA2, demonstrate the most consistent correlation with increased T-cell infiltration and favorable survival, supporting their potential as prognostic biomarkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13491691/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148787807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spheroid cultures reveal cancer stem cell enrichment and distinct chemotherapeutic response in triple-negative breast cancer.","authors":"Sithumini Sarathchandra, Chiara Fittipaldi, Nanfizat Abiket Alamukii, Anikó Kovács, Toshima Z Parris","doi":"10.1186/s12885-026-16757-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-026-16757-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Three-dimensional (3D) cancer spheroids mimic key morphological and biological features of solid tumors, providing a valuable model for evaluating drug responses. Here, we investigated whether intrinsic cancer stem cell composition and tumor subtype determine spheroid formation capacity, transcriptional profiling, and therapeutic response in breast cancer cell lines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using the liquid overlay technique, we optimized conditions for reproducible spheroid generation using 10 human cancer cell lines derived from breast cancer, glioblastoma, and malignant melanoma. Spheroid morphology and growth dynamics were assessed over a 20-day period, while breast cancer stem cell abundance was evaluated in 2D monolayer cultures and 3D spheroids using immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) transcriptomic profiling and drug responses to bortezomib+nedaplatin following 24- and 72-hour exposure were compared between both culture systems.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Optimized conditions yielded compact spheroids (5/10 cell lines), loose aggregates (3/10), and no spheroid formation (2/10). Compact spheroids (mean ± SEM, 576 ± 18 μm) and those derived from triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs; 550 ± 19 μm) were significantly smaller than loose aggregates (822 ± 36 μm) and non-TNBC-derived spheroids (934 ± 41 μm), respectively. RNA-seq demonstrated that transcriptional variation was primarily driven by intrinsic differences between cell lines rather than culture conditions. However, spheroid-forming cells induced distinct gene expression patterns enriched in extracellular matrix remodeling, developmental pathways, and stemness-related genes. In total, 1478 differentially expressed genes were associated with spheroid formation. TENM4 (Teneurin Transmembrane Protein 4) was the only consistently deregulated gene in both spheroid-forming breast cancer models, showing up to 4.9-fold and 2.6-fold higher expression in HCC1806 and BT-474 spheroids, respectively. Consistent with the transcriptomic findings, immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated increased TENM4 protein expression, predominantly localized to the spheroid cores. Drug screening further demonstrated increased chemoresistance in 3D spheroids, with up to 7.5-fold higher viability in TNBC spheroids following bortezomib+nedaplatin treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Taken together, these findings highlight molecular and cellular determinants of spheroid formation in breast cancer cell lines, including stemness-associated features and upregulation of TENM4. Our results further demonstrate that intrinsic tumor subtype shapes spheroid morphology, transcriptional profiles, and drug response, providing novel insight into the mechanisms underlying 3D growth and chemoresistance that may help inform future therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13483856/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148787999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: The current status of cancer rehabilitation provided by palliative care units in Japan: a nationwide survey.","authors":"Takuya Fukushima, Tetsuya Tsuji, Kazunori Takashima, Jiro Nakano","doi":"10.1186/s12885-026-16670-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-026-16670-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13476913/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148764951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction Note: Sigma-2 receptor/TMEM97 agonist PB221 as an alternative drug for brain tumor.","authors":"Chia-Chi Liu, Ching-Fang Yu, Shu-Chi Wang, Hsueh-Yin Li, Chiu-Min Lin, Hsia-Han Wang, Carmen Abate, Chi-Shiun Chiang","doi":"10.1186/s12885-026-16727-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-026-16727-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13474577/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148764939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}