BMC Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of venetoclax and azacitidine for acute myeloid leukemia in China: a real-world single-center study.","authors":"Jie-Fei Bai, Ting Wang, Jiang-Tao Li, Chun-Li Zhang, Long Qian, Ya-Zi Yang, Xiao-Ya Yun, Jing-Jing Yin, Fei Zhao, Wei-Dong Ding, Bao-Li Xing, Shang-Yong Ning, Lei Pei, Xiao-Dong Xu, Hui Liu, Ru Feng","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14167-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14167-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Venetoclax (VEN) and azacitidine (AZA) are used to treat patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) who are unfit for intensive chemotherapy and those with relapsed or refractory AML. Understanding the real-world usage patterns and outcomes after VEN-AZA therapy failure is crucial, yet poorly studied.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This single-centre retrospective cohort study included 50 patients with AML (29 newly diagnosed and 21 relapsed or refractory cases) who were treated between January 2020 and November 2023. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS), and secondary endpoints included composite complete remission (CR), partial remission (PR), overall response rate (ORR), event-free survival (EFS), minimal residual disease (MRD), adverse events (AEs), and post-VEN-AZA failure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the newly diagnosed patients (median age, 74 years; follow-up 10.1 months), the median EFS was 9.87 months (95% CI, 6.54-13.2 months) and OS was 11.93 months (95% CI, 7.6-16.29 months). The ORR was 85.7%, CR/CR with incomplete haematologic recovery (CRi) was achieved in 67.9% of patients, and MRD negativity was observed in 26.3% of the cohort. Post-treatment failure included VEN-AZA combined with gilteritinib, chidamide, or selinexor, which resulted in PR or CRi. The median OS after post-failure was 1.6 months. Among relapsed or refractory cases (median age 65 years; follow-up 8.53 months), median EFS was 5.2 months (95% CI, 1.8-8.6 months), and OS was 9.1 months (95% CI, 3.01-15.19 months). The ORR was 52.4%, CR/CRi was achieved in 42.9% of patients, and MRD negativity was observed in 11.11% of the cohort. Post-failure treatments include induction chemotherapy, VEN-AZA combined with enasidenib or gilteritinib, and participation in clinical trials, which yielded varying responses. The median OS after failure was 0.67 months, and the most common AEs were haematological and infectious complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>VEN-AZA demonstrated high efficacy and manageable toxicity in patients with AML. Following VEN-AZA failure, the combination of VEN-AZA with targeted therapies has shown better efficacy than other VEN-AZA alone, whereas induction chemotherapy or clinical trials were preferred after second-line failure. Larger multicentre studies are warranted to validate these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"990"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12135334/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144214924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ENTR1 affects the progression of colon cancer by regulating energy metabolism under the influence of glycolysis.","authors":"Anquan Ma, Chuanyao Zhai, Qixuan He, Wenhao Wang, Huiping Ren, Kai Mao, Weipeng Lan, Jing Lan","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14412-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14412-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Endosome-associated trafficking regulator 1 (ENTR1), also known as Serologically Defined Colon Cancer Antigen 3 (SDCCAG3), was initially identified in colon cancer and plays a crucial role in protein transport. Preliminary studies indicate that ENTR1 is involved in the growth of certain tumor types.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we analyzed ENTR1 expression levels in normal and tumor tissues using clinical sample data from multiple databases. We also employed Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis of ENTR1. Finally, we conducted in vitro experiments to validate the effects of ENTR1 on colon cancer proliferation and glycolysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings reveal that ENTR1 is upregulated in most tumors. Summary-data-based Mendelian Randomization (SMR) analysis indicates a causal relationship between ENTR1 and colon cancer. Further machine learning and metabolite-based Mendelian randomization suggest that ENTR1 may influence tumor growth by regulating glycolysis. Further cellular experiments confirm that knocking out ENTR1 reduces the proliferation of HCT-116 cells and downregulates the expression levels of key glycolytic enzymes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study uncovers the role of ENTR1 in various cancers and demonstrates that ENTR1 may promote colon cancer growth by regulating glycolysis, providing a new target for cancer therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"992"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12135303/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144214925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors on breast cancer and cancer-related mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Mohammad Amin Karimi, Razieh Khadem, Alireza Haraj, Mehdi Azizabadi Farahani, Pardis Charehsaz Avari Firouzeh, Arash Azizinezhad, Hasti Kianpour Raki, Mohaddeseh Belbasi, Melika Arab Bafrani, Niloofar Deravi, Yaser Khakpour, Ali Faghih Habibi, Vahid Aghsaghloo","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14304-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14304-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>SGLT-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) lower blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes by inhibiting renal glucose reabsorption. While the relationship between SGLT-2i and breast cancer remains inconclusive, emerging evidence suggests potential anticancer properties. This systematic review and meta-analysis compares the effects of SGLT-2i and DPP-4i on breast cancer incidence and related mortality to clarify current conflicting evidence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An extensive literature search was conducted using MeSH terms and relevant keywords related to SGLT-2 inhibitors, breast cancer, and mortality across PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar up to August 12, 2023. Additionally, reference lists of the included studies were manually screened to identify further eligible articles. Data on the impact of SGLT-2 inhibitors on breast cancer and its associated mortality were extracted from the included studies. Findings were presented using hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) displayed in a forest plot. At the same time, heterogeneity was assessed using the I² statistic, applying a random-effects model for significant heterogeneity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven cohort studies involving 408,026 individuals were included. SGLT-2 inhibitors were not associated with a significant difference in breast cancer risk compared to DPP-4 inhibitors (HR = 1.03, 95% CI: 0.82-1.30, p > 0.05), but were linked to a 30% reduction in breast cancer-specific mortality and improved overall survival (HR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.65-0.77, p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The impact of SGLT-2 inhibitors and DPP-4 inhibitors on breast cancer incidence appears to be comparable. However, SGLT-2 inhibitors may confer a greater reduction in breast cancer-related mortality and potentially improve overall patient survival compared to DPP-4 inhibitors. Given the observed heterogeneity among existing studies, larger, high-quality randomized controlled trials are warranted to validate these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"991"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12135325/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144214937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Berbamine inhibits cell proliferation and invasion by increasing FTO expression in renal cell carcinoma cells.","authors":"Jingze Xu, Xinyang Cheng, Mengmeng Xu, Jun Zhang, Tianyu Yang, Lixiong Shuai, Lifeng Deng, Yongsheng Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-13463-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-13463-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Berbamine (BBM) has been reported to play an important role in the anti-inflammatory and anti-neoplastic activities. However, whether BBM mediates the anti-tumor efficacy in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells and the potential molecular mechanisms remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The effects of BBM on the proliferation, colony formation, cell cycle, cell migration and invasion abilities were performed in RCC cells 786-O and OSRC2, and the effect of BBM on tumor formation was further explored. Furthermore, the effects of BBM on the expression of fat mass and obesity associated gene (FTO) and its target genes were investigated. Finally, the effects of BBM on the proliferation, and invasion of RCC cells after knockdown of FTO were detected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>BBM effectively inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of RCC cells in a dose-dependent manner, and BBM also significantly inhibited the growth of tumor in vivo, which has fewer toxic effects on the other organs. Molecular mechanistic studies showed that BBM significantly promoted the expression of FTO mRNA and protein in RCC cells, and knock-down of FTO by siRNA transfection reversed the inhibitory effect of BBM on the growth and invasion of RCC cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Collectively, our findings revealed that targeting the tumor suppressive FTO by BBM is a new option to inhibit RCC cells growth and metastasis, providing a good drug candidate potential for development novel therapeutics against metastatic RCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"987"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12131472/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144207709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-modal radiomics model based on four imaging modalities for predicting pathological complete response to neoadjuvant treatment in breast cancer.","authors":"Yuwen Liang, Haonan Xu, Jie Lin, Wenqiang Tang, Xinlan Liu, Kunyuan Gan, Qiaodi Wan, Xiaobo Du","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14407-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14407-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The radiomics model based on single imaging modality has been demonstrated as a promising approach for predicting the response to neoadjuvant treatment (NAT) in breast cancer. However, whether integrating multiple imaging modalities improve the performance of the radiomics model is undetermined. This study aims to develop a multi-modal radiomics model based on four imaging modalities, including ultrasound (US), mammography (MM), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), for predicting pathological complete response (pCR) in breast cancer after NAT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients who underwent surgery after NAT from January 2019 to July 2023 were retrospectively studied. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify independent clinical risk factors for pCR. The radiomic features were extracted from the volume of interest on the four imaging modalities. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator was used for developing radiomic signatures. The multi-modal radiomics model was developed by combining four radiomic signatures. The combined model was developed by combining clinical risk factors and four radiomic signatures. A nomogram was developed to visualize the combined model. Model performance was internally validated by using the five-fold cross-validation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 89 patients were included, with the pCR rate of 31.5% (28/89). Multivariate analyses identified PR status (OR = 4.450, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.228-18.063, P = 0.028), HER2 status (OR = 9.95, 95% CI, 1.525-201.894, P = 0.044) and clinical T stage (OR = 0.253, 95% CI, 0.076-0.753, P = 0.016) were independent clinical risk factors for pCR. The AUCs and brier scores of the radiomic signatures of US, MM, CT, and MRI were 0.702 (95% CI: 0.583-0.821), 0.762 (95% CI: 0.660-0.865), 0.814 (95% CI: 0.725-0.903), 0.787 (95% CI: 0.685-0.889) and 0.198, 0.177, 0.165, 0.170 respectively. The performance of the multi-modal radiomics model was superior to all radiomic signatures with an AUC of 0.904 (95% CI: 0.838-0.970) and with the brier score of 0.111. After adding independent clinical risk factors, the performance of the combined model further improved, achieving an AUC of 0.943 (95% CI: 0.893-0.992) and a brier score of 0.082. The nomogram showed potential clinical value.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The multi-modal radiomics model based on US, MM, CT, and MRI could accurately predict pCR in breast cancer after NAT, which was superior to all radiomic signatures. Incorporating clinical risk factors may further improve the performance of the muti-modal radiomics model, which could provide valuable information for guiding treatment decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"985"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12128365/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144207711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-cancer properties of chitosan /Lactobacillus acidophilus secretome nanoparticle on signaling pathways of colorectal cancer in colon adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) cell line.","authors":"Masoumeh Saberpour, Rahimeh Maqsoodi, Bita Bakhshi","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14315-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14315-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Colorectal cancer (CRC) has emerged as a global health concern, as evidenced by its position as the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality. This underscores the necessity for effective disease management strategies. The present study aims to assess the impact of chitosan nanoparticles (CSNP) conjugated with the Lactobacillus acidophilus secretome (CSNP/L.a-sup), on the signaling pathways associated with CRC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The CSNP/L.a-sup was prepared using an ionic gelation procedure, and its particle size, surface charge, and morphology were evaluated using dynamic light scattering, zeta potential, and scanning electron microscopy. The encapsulation efficiency (EE) and the protein released from CSNP/L.a-sup were assayed using a BCA assay kit. CSNP/L.a-sup toxicity on colon adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) and human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) cells was assessed via the MTT assay. The expression levels of CRC signaling pathway genes were examined using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The size of CSNP/L.a-sup was detected at 478.6 ± 219.9 nm, with a surface charge of -8.9 mV. The protein released from CSNP/L.a-sup was observed 76% at pH ~ 6.8 after 48 h, with EE of 74.6%. The viability of Caco-2 and HDF cells against CSNP/L.a-sup was found to be 85.5% and 92.6%, respectively. The uptake of CSNP/L.a-sup by Caco-2 cells occurs in a time-dependent manner, with initial absorption observed within 1 h and substantial internalization achieved after 3 h. CSNP/L.a-sup led to a significant decrease in the expression of β-Catenin, TGF-α, and TGF-β genes, with respective changes of 0.42, 0.79, and 0.16-fold. In contrast, CSNP/L.a-sup led to a significant increase in the expression of PTEN and caspase-9 suppressor genes, with changes of 42.1 and 114.3-fold, respectively. The inhibitory effect of CSNP/L.a-sup on TGF-α gene expression appears to be more closely associated with the CSNP compartment, while the enhancing effect of CSNP/L.a-sup on PTEN gene expression is linked to L.a-sup.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This investigation signifies an inaugural exploration into the potential of a combination therapy comprising secretome of probiotic bacteria and chitosan nanostructures. This approach constitutes a substantial advancement in the field of developing efficacious treatment strategies, offering novel insights into the management of CRC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"983"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12128269/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144207707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic value of the platelet-neutrophil-monocyte-lymphocyte ratio in patients with non-metastatic renal cell carcinoma who underwent nephrectomy.","authors":"Dan Chen, Yaxiong Tang, Bin Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14418-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14418-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Various systemic inflammation indices have emerged as prognostic markers for renal cell carcinoma (RCC); however, these indices have not been comprehensively integrated. In this study, we propose a novel systemic inflammation indice, the platelet-neutrophil-monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (PNMLR), aimed at more accurately assessing survival outcomes of patients with non-metastatic RCC.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective analysis of non-metastatic RCC patients who underwent nephrectomy between 2009 and 2013. Restricted cubic splines (RCS) were used to observe the relationship between PNMLR and disease-free survival (DFS) as well as overall survival (OS). Receiver operating characteristic curve and the Maximally Selected Log-Rank Statistic were employed to determine the optimal cutoff value of PNMLR. Patients were then divided into two groups based on the determined cutoff values and propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to balance baseline characteristics. After that, Kaplan-Meier curves and cox regression models were utilized to evaluate DFS and OS. Finally, the concordance index (c-index) of PLNMR (before PSM) in predicting DFS and OS was calculated and compared with other systemic inflammation indices.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1163 patients were included. RCS showed a significant association between PNMLR and DFS as well as OS (both p < 0.001). The optimized PNMLR cutoff was 168. Patients with higher PNMLR exhibited larger tumor size (OR = 1.16, p = 0.028), higher Fuhrman grade (HR = 1.59, p = 0.001), and advanced pT stage (HR = 1.88, p = 0.003). After PSM, elevated PNMLR was associated with poorer DFS (HR = 1.56, p = 0.011) and OS (HR = 1.75, p = 0.004). The c-index of PNMLR for DFS and OS were 0.643 (95%CI, 0.596-0.689) and 0.669 (95%CI, 0.611-0.708) respectively, suggesting competitive predictive performance compared to other systemic inflammation indices.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PNMLR is a promising prognostic marker for non-metastatic RCC. However, its moderate discriminative ability suggests that PNMLR should be used in conjunction with other established clinical parameters. Further validation, particularly in independent, contemporary external cohorts, is essential to fully harness its clinical utility.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"988"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12131521/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144207639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breast cancer incidence in Indonesia: a sex-disaggregated analysis using WHO health equity assessment toolkit data.","authors":"Augustus Osborne, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani, Bright Opoku Ahinkorah","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14332-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14332-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women globally, with notable disparities in incidence between sexes, particularly in low and middle-income countries. Understanding these disparities is essential for tackling health inequities, particularly in Indonesia, where access to screening and treatment is spatially inconsistent. This study examined the trends and disparities in breast cancer incidence in Indonesia from 2000 to 2019, utilizing sex-disaggregated data from the World Health Organization's Health Equity Assessment Toolkit (HEAT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Age-standardized breast cancer incidence rates (per 100,000 population) from the WHO HEAT were measured. The HEAT platform sources data from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), which compiles data from national cancer registries and health surveys. Four inequality indicators were calculated to assess the absolute and relative differences in breast cancer incidence between males and females: Difference, Ratio, Population Attributable Fraction, and Population Attributable Risk. All estimates were presented with Confidence Intervals (CI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 2000 and 2019, the age-standardized incidence of breast cancer in Indonesia declined from 19.1 to 16.0 per 100,000 population. Nonetheless, considerable sex disparities remained. In 2019, the incidence rate for females was 37.4 (CI: 29.0-48.6), whereas for males it was 0.4 (CI: 0.2-0.5). The absolute difference in incidence between sexes rose from 31.0 in 2000 to 37.1 in 2019. The relative disparity persisted, with females being over 100 times more predisposed to breast cancer than males (ratio = 104.4 in 2019). The population attributable fraction and population attributable risk values continuously demonstrated that almost all breast cancer cases were associated with females. PAF values fluctuated from - 98.6% in 2000 to -98.1% in 2019.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The incidence of breast cancer in Indonesia is declining; yet, sex disparities remain, with females bearing a disproportionately greater burden. These findings underscore the need for targeted public health strategies, including expanded access to breast cancer screening programs, public awareness campaigns to promote early detection, and improved availability of diagnostic and treatment services tailored to women. Future research ought to identify and mitigate female-specific risk factors, such as hormonal and reproductive factors, and lifestyle impacts, to enhance prevention measures, are critical for reducing these disparities and improving health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"986"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12128502/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144207710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adenomyosis and endometrial cancer: determining its role as a biological contributor or incidental coexistence.","authors":"Vinita Shiwali, Ying Tang, Miaoyu Xue, Rebecca Yemeli Djouda, Xintong Cai, Zheng Peng, Jingru Zhang, Liping Han","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14389-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14389-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Numerous studies have explored the histological overlap between endometrial carcinoma and adenomyosis, yet the clinical implications of their co-occurrence remain ambiguous. This study aims to evaluate the impact of adenomyosis on the staging, progression, and prognosis of endometrial cancer.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This retrospective cohort study analyzed 388 endometrial cancer (EC) patients undergone hysterectomy with lymphadenectomy between January 2019 to Decmber 2024 after ethical approval (No.: 2024-KY-0671-001). The diagnostic criterion for adenomyosis was the identification of endometrial glands and stroma infiltrating the myometrium at a depth of ≥ 2.5 mm from the endometrial-myometrial junction. Variables included demographics, surgery type, histopathology, stage, molecular markers, treatment, and survival. Kaplan-Meier and log-rank tests assessed survival. Statistical analysis used Mann-Whitney U and Chi-square tests (P < 0.05). Multivariate Cox regression was unfeasible due to limited recurrence events and disease-free survival outcomes are provided as supplementary material.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 388 EC patients, 73 (18.8%) had adenomyosis and 315 (81.2%) did not. The adenomyosis group was younger (median age 52 vs. 55 years, P = 0.011) and had a lower menopause rate (63% vs. 75.2%, P = 0.049). Adjuvant therapy was less frequent in the adenomyosis group (21.9% vs. 37.8%, P = 0.015), while concurrent endometrial hyperplasia was more common (64.4% vs. 32.4%, P < 0.001). No significant differences were observed in tumor characteristics, complications, TCGA subtypes, or survival outcomes. Median follow-up was 56 months for the adenomyosis group and 61 months for the non-adenomyosis group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study shows that adenomyosis does not affect tumor progression or survival outcomes, indicating a neutral role in endometrial cancer prognosis. However, the interpretation of survival statistics is limited by the low recurrence rate. Patients with adenomyosis are younger, have a lower menopause rate, and require less adjuvant therapy. The higher prevalence of endometrial hyperplasia suggests a potential link to tumor pathogenesis. Overall, adenomyosis appears to be an incidental co-occurrence rather than a biological contributor to endometrial cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"984"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12128555/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144207706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interpretable machine learning model for predicting anastomotic leak after esophageal cancer surgery via LightGBM.","authors":"Xiaodong Yang, Fulin Dou, Guoshuo Tang, Ruipu Xiu, Xiaogang Zhao","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14387-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14387-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"976"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12128519/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144198195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}