BMC Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Correction to: UBR-box containing protein, UBR5, is overexpressed in human lung adenocarcinoma and is a potential therapeutic target.","authors":"Kumar Saurabh, Parag P Shah, Mark A Doll, Leah J Siskind, Levi J Beverly","doi":"10.1186/s12885-026-16955-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-026-16955-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13556049/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148918386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on \"Life's essential 8 and specific cancer risk and mortality in men and women: a population-based cohort analysis of 332,417 United Kingdom participants\" and the inclusion of sleep in cancer focused guidelines.","authors":"Charlie Zhong, Sidney M Donzella, Erika Rees-Punia","doi":"10.1186/s12885-026-16941-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-026-16941-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the article titled \"Life's essential 8 and specific cancer risk and mortality in men and women: a population-based cohort analysis of 332,417 United Kingdom participants\" by Yang et al. the authors applied the updated American Heart Association Life's Essential 8 (LE8) guidelines for cardiovascular health to look at cancer risk. This was undertaken, in part, due to the addition of sleep health to the guidelines. While they observed a protective association with cancer overall; cancer is a heterogeneous set of diseases, occasionally with disparate risk factors, and the scoring of sleep in LE8 may not capture these nuances. Below, we review some of the shortcomings of applying LE8 to cancer risk, highlighting the need to develop cancer-focused guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13555876/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148918451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Locoregional and distant recurrence after neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy versus chemoradiotherapy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a focused meta-analysis.","authors":"Yingding Ruan, Wenjun Cao, Chuan Long, Changjiang Li, Jianwei Han","doi":"10.1186/s12885-026-16944-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-026-16944-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy (NCIT) is used for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), but its effect on postoperative recurrence patterns remains uncertain. We compared overall, locoregional, and distant recurrence after NCIT versus neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library were searched through 01 May 2026. Eligible studies included patients with resectable or potentially resectable locally advanced ESCC who received NCIT or NCRT followed by radical esophagectomy. Recurrence outcomes were pooled as risk ratios (RRs), and disease-free survival or recurrence-free survival (DFS/RFS) and overall survival (OS) as hazard ratios (HRs), using random-effects models. Post hoc sensitivity analyses excluded studies with marked between-group follow-up imbalance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty comparative studies, all conducted in China, were included; 19 were retrospective observational studies and one was a randomized phase 2 trial. Five studies contributed to the overall-recurrence analysis, and six studies contributed to each of the locoregional- and distant-recurrence analyses. NCIT was associated with lower overall recurrence (RR 0.68, 95% CI 0.49-0.95; P = 0.03) and distant recurrence/metastasis (RR 0.62, 95% CI 0.43-0.89; P = 0.009), whereas locoregional recurrence did not differ significantly (RR 1.02, 95% CI 0.67-1.55; P = 0.92). In post hoc analyses excluding studies with marked follow-up imbalance, the locoregional estimate remained nonsignificant (RR 0.87, 95% CI 0.66-1.15), and the distant-recurrence/metastasis estimate was attenuated and no longer significant (RR 0.65, 95% CI 0.36-1.17). Ten studies contributed to OS, which favored NCIT (HR 0.67, 95% CI 0.48-0.93; P = 0.02; I² = 77%), whereas eight contributed to DFS/RFS, which did not differ significantly (HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.59-1.13; P = 0.21; I² = 74%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Compared with NCRT, NCIT was associated with fewer overall recurrences after radical esophagectomy for locally advanced ESCC. The primary distant-recurrence signal was not robust after excluding studies with marked follow-up imbalance, and no locoregional advantage was demonstrated. These findings do not establish therapeutic superiority and should be interpreted cautiously given the predominance of retrospective evidence, risk of bias, and substantial heterogeneity in survival analyses.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13695294/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149262753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond CA-125: circulating cell-free DNA as the next-generation biomarker in ovarian malignancy.","authors":"Gamalat A Elgedawy, Rasha A Adbelmoneum, Amira I Aldesoky, Samya S Mashal, Amany E Awad, Naglaa S Elabd, Marwa L Helal","doi":"10.1186/s12885-026-15967-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-026-15967-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Due to a lack of efficient screening methods or trustworthy biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity, ovarian cancer (OC) is a quarrelsome disease with a high death rate. Investigators believe that circulating tumor cell-free DNA (cfDNA) can provide crucial clues concerning both primary and metastatic OCs. Our goal was to identify the potential of circulating cfDNA as a non-invasive biomarker for ovarian cancer.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This case‒control prospective study was carried out on 150 participants, of whom 50 patients were confirmed to have ovarian cancer, 50 patients had benign ovarian lesions, and 50 participants were controls. For OC patients, medical, laboratory, and imaging evaluations together with survival analysis were performed. Quantification of cfDNA was done by real-time PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A distinct difference in the mean cfDNA was observed in the malignant group (11.84 ng/mL) compared to the benign (3.90 ng/mL) and control (0.23 ng/mL) groups. ROC curve analysis revealed that cfDNA had the highest value as a strong discriminatory marker for prediction of ovarian cancer in suspected cases and prediction of late stage and is a reasonable predictor of mortality (AUC 0.934, p < 0.001, 95% CI: 0.881-0.986; AUC 0.993, p < 0.001, 95% CI: 0.978-1.0; and AUC 0.814, p = 0.001, 95% CI: 0.690-0.937). The multivariate logistic regression reinforces its independent prognostic value for progression-free survival and overall survival.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results indicate that cfDNA has a strong correlation with tumor grade and predictive capability in Cox models, suggesting that it may serve as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for OC. In clinical setting, these findings support the use of cfDNA in OC risk stratification and treatment planning, potentially enabling aggressive therapies for patients with high cfDNA expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13563704/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148954776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved oral health in head and neck cancer survivors (OHHNC study): a study protocol for a multicentre two-armed randomised controlled trial.","authors":"Sandra Einarsson, Annica Almståhl, Hanna Gyllensten, Mats Sjöström, Lena Mårell, Ove Björ, Linda Marklund, Lovisa Farnebo, Göran Laurell, Ylva Tiblom Ehrsson","doi":"10.1186/s12885-026-16865-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-026-16865-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Head and neck cancer comprises a heterogeneous group of tumours affecting anatomical sites of the upper aerodigestive tract. Treatment often involves surgery and either radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. These treatments are associated with substantial morbidity and may have long-lasting adverse effects on oral health. Oral complications can negatively affect health-related quality of life, nutritional status, and social and work-related functioning. The aim is to evaluate an oral health care programme designed to prevent or mitigate late oral sequalae, and to assess its impact on health-related quality of life, oral health, work ability, nutritional status, healthcare-related economic costs, and psychological well-being.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a study protocol for a Swedish multicentre, two-armed, superiority randomised controlled trial that has been ethically approved by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority. Patient inclusion commenced in September 2025, with an intended sample of 300 participants. Adult patients (≥ 18 years) planned for curative-intent treatment for head and neck cancer (oral cavity, oropharynx, larynx stage III and IV, hypopharynx, nasopharynx, salivary gland, or unknown primary) are randomised (1:1) to either an oral health care programme (intervention) or standard of care.</p><p><strong>Exclusion criteria: </strong>severe alcoholism, cognitive impairment, or inability to understand the Swedish language. Participants are followed before the start of cancer treatment and at 4 follow-ups: 6 months after completion of treatment, and 1, 2, and 3 years after the 6-month follow-up. The primary outcome measure is health-related quality of life. Secondary outcomes include quantitative oral health indicators, return to work, nutritional status, healthcare-related economic costs, and patient-reported outcome measures focusing on self-reported oral health and psychological well-being (depression, anxiety and stress), and self-efficacy.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Oral health follow-up for head and neck cancer survivors often lacks consistency and uniformity. To date, few oral health care interventions for head and neck cancer survivors have been evaluated within the framework of a randomised controlled trial. The findings have the potential to inform clinical practice and contribute to the development of more integrated, evidence-based oral healthcare strategies within routine follow-up for head and neck cancer survivors, with the overarching goal of improving their oral health and long-term quality of life.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov NCT07173270, date 15/9/2025.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13555916/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148918433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"eGDR and gastrointestinal cancer mortality in the UK Biobank: a prospective cohort study.","authors":"Chuang Yang, Patrick S Plum, Thomas Ebert, Jeanette Köppe, Ines Gockel, René Thieme","doi":"10.1186/s12885-026-16931-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-026-16931-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study examined the associations of estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR), a surrogate of insulin sensitivity, and the insulin resistance indices TG/HDL-C and TyG with gastrointestinal (GI) cancer mortality in the UK Biobank.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included 369,447 participants without cancer at baseline and recorded 4,305 GI cancer-related deaths over a mean follow-up of 13.5 years. Fine-Gray models assessed associations of eGDR, TG/HDL-C, and TyG with GI cancer mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher eGDR was associated with lower pooled GI cancer mortality (sHR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.61-0.74; P < 0.001); associations with EC, ESCC, CRC, LC, and PC mortality remained significant after false discovery rate (FDR) correction. TyG, but not TG/HDL-C, remained associated with pooled GI cancer mortality, and both markers remained associated with LC mortality. Subgroup analyses were exploratory.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Higher eGDR was associated with lower pooled and several site-specific GI cancer mortality outcomes, whereas TG/HDL-C and TyG associations were modest and site-specific. These findings do not establish clinical utility.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13545786/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148896649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction Note: Identification of TLN1 as a prognostic biomarker to effect cell proliferation and differentiation in acute myeloid leukemia.","authors":"Di Cui, Xilong Cui, Xiaoliang Xu, Wenjing Zhang, Yu Yu, Yingxin Gao, Chuanzhong Mei, Weiwei Zheng","doi":"10.1186/s12885-026-16870-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-026-16870-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13539929/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148886538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Exploration of patients and multidisciplinary point of view about the self-care needs of patients with a stoma: a qualitative study.","authors":"Chandra Isabella Hostanida Purba, Rina Anggraeni, Tuti Pahria","doi":"10.1186/s12885-026-16785-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-026-16785-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13540232/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148886466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic value of circulating tumor DNA and copy-number alterations in patients receiving tandem [²²⁵Ac]Ac-/[¹⁷⁷Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 therapy for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a prospective observational study.","authors":"Mariam Amghar, Thomas Hielscher, Tobias Rausch, Hilal Özgür, Ulrike Bauder-Wüst, Hendrik Rathke, Frank Bruchertseifer, Alfred Morgenstern, Mareike Roscher, Vladimír Beneš, Clemens Kratochwil, Martina Benešová-Schäfer","doi":"10.1186/s12885-026-16791-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-026-16791-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prostate-specific membrane antigen-targeted radioligand therapy (PSMA-RLT) demonstrates clinical efficacy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), yet robust biomarkers for dynamic treatment monitoring and resistance remain lacking. We investigated circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA)-derived tumor fraction (TFx) and genome-wide copy-number alterations (CNAs) as non-invasive biomarkers of treatment response and resistance biology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seventy-eight patients with advanced mCRPC receiving tandem [²²⁵Ac]Ac-/[¹⁷⁷Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 were prospectively enrolled. Plasma samples collected longitudinally (n = 172) underwent ultra-low-pass whole-genome sequencing. TFx was estimated using ichorCNA, and recurrent CNAs were identified using GISTIC2.0. Associations with progression and overall survival (OS) were assessed using Cox proportional hazards models, including time-dependent analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Baseline TFx differed across metastatic disease stages (p = 0.027) and dynamic TFx changes paralleled PSA kinetics during early treatment. Modelled as a time-dependent variable, TFx was associated with a significantly increased risk of progression (HR 4.9, 95% CI 1.2-20.1, p = 0.026). Unsupervised clustering identified distinct high- and low-CNA burden groups strongly correlated with TFx (p = 8.09 × 10⁻⁸). High CNA burden was associated with shorter median OS (8.3 vs 13.8 months). Multivariable analysis identified baseline logPSA and logALP as independent predictors of OS. Recurrent CNAs affected key tumor suppressors (PTEN, RB1, BRCA2, ATM) and were enriched in pathways related to TP53 signalling, homologous recombination repair, and oncogenic signaling. Longitudinal analyses demonstrated persistence and expansion of specific amplifications at progression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ctDNA-derived TFx represents a dynamic biomarker of treatment response and progression risk, while CNA profiling provides insight into resistance mechanisms in mCRPC treated with PSMA-RLT. These findings support the integration of ctDNA-based biomarkers into clinical stratification and real-time monitoring strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13531912/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148873018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A combined PAX1/JAM3 methylation and HPV viral load model for exploratory risk stratification of ≥CIN2 among women with positive cervical screening results.","authors":"Ying Zhang, Shuai Chen, Yu Jiang, Lina Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12885-026-16788-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-026-16788-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>High-risk human papillomavirus (Hr-HPV) testing is highly sensitive for cervical cancer screening but lacks specificity, leading to unnecessary colposcopy referrals. Host-gene methylation and HPV viral load capture different aspects of disease risk and may support triage.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective real-world triage cohort, 126 women with Hr-HPV positivity and/or abnormal cervical cytology identified through opportunistic cervical screening and clinical referral were enrolled. All participants underwent cytology, HPV genotyping with viral load quantification, and PAX1/JAM3 methylation testing. Histopathology served as the reference standard. A logistic regression model integrating methylation status and viral load was constructed to evaluate its performance for detecting ≥CIN2, with subgroup analysis in ASCUS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Methylation levels, expressed as ΔCt values, decreased with increasing lesion severity and were associated with HPV viral load. In the overall screening-positive cohort, the logistic regression model discriminated ≥CIN2 better than either marker alone. In the ASCUS subgroup, the biomarker-only logistic regression model showed the highest observed AUC among the three evaluated approaches, although this subgroup finding remained exploratory. Scenario-specific strategies showed different trade-offs: the OR rule provided higher sensitivity, whereas the AND rule improved specificity but had lower sensitivity and should be interpreted as a confirmatory triage approach rather than a stand-alone screening rule.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Combining PAX1/JAM3 methylation with HPV viral load may refine ≥CIN2 risk stratification among women with positive cervical screening results, particularly among women with ASCUS. However, given the referral-enriched nature, limited sample size, and single-center design, the clinical applicability of this approach requires validation in larger, more representative cohorts.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13520349/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148839276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}