BMC Cancer最新文献

{"title":"A combined systemic immune-inflammation index and prognostic nutritional index score for predicting overall survival after resection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Ruihan Hou, Aorui Wang, Chengxu Du, Xinda Yang, Weihong Zhao, Haitao Lv, Dongrui Li","doi":"10.1186/s12885-026-16105-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-026-16105-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) have been individually associated with prognosis in various cancers. This study aimed to develop and validate a combined SII-PNI-based risk score for predicting overall survival (OS) in patients with resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study enrolled 375 consecutive patients with PDAC who underwent curative-intent resection at The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University between January 2014 and July 2025. Using X-tile software, optimal cut-off values for SII and PNI were determined based on 1-year OS in a training cohort (constituting 70% of the patients). A combined risk score was constructed using Cox regression coefficients and dichotomized at the optimal cut-off (- 0.231). The model's performance was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, Kaplan-Meier survival curves, and multivariate Cox regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The combined SII-PNI model achieved AUCs of 0.758 in the training cohort and 0.750 in the validation cohort. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed significantly worse OS in the high-risk group (p < 0.001). In univariate analysis, elevated SII (p = 0.044) and reduced PNI (p < 0.001) were both significantly associated with poorer OS. Multivariate Cox regression analysis confirmed PNI (HR = 0.891, 95% CI: 0.863-0.919, p < 0.001) and age (HR = 1.029, 95% CI: 1.013-1.046, p < 0.001) as independent prognostic factors, whereas SII and sex were not.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combined SII-PNI score is a simple, cost-effective, and powerful predictor of prognosis in resectable PDAC, enabling reliable postoperative risk stratification.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147833351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A retrospective analysis of Selective Internal Radiation Therapy (SIRT) and chemotherapy for metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma.","authors":"Sue S Thang, Vijayaragavan Muralidharan, Manfred Spanger, Patrick Page, Adrian Fox, Sean Mackay, Lisa Miller, Raffiela Garcia, Ashleigh R Poh, Caroline Le, Prasad Cooray","doi":"10.1186/s12885-026-16113-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-026-16113-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a major cause of cancer-related deaths in Australia, with a 5-year survival rate of less than 13%. The liver is the most common site of PDAC metastasis, and is observed in over 50% of cases. Standard chemotherapy, including regimens such as FOLFIRINOX or nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine, offer limited survival benefits, with median survival rates typically below one year. Selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) with Yttrium-90 (90Y) microspheres is used to target liver metastases, but the optimal chemotherapy companion for SIRT in metastatic PDAC remains unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective audit of 32 patients with metastatic PDAC treated with SIRT and chemotherapy, and evaluated the clinical outcomes associated with platinum-based versus non-platinum-based regimens.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients who received platinum-based chemotherapy alongside SIRT had a median PFS of 10 months, compared to 2 months in those treated with non-platinum-based regimens. Stratified analysis revealed that patients receiving platinum-based chemotherapy in the first-line setting achieved a median post-SIRT survival of 16 months, compared to 4 months for those treated in later lines. For non-platinum-based regimens, median post-SIRT survival was 9 months in the first-line and 6 months in later lines. Median OS from Stage IV diagnosis was 17 months for patients with liver-only metastases and 15 months for those with additional extra-hepatic disease, suggesting that liver disease burden remains a dominant driver of outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings describe survival outcomes among patients treated with SIRT and chemotherapy for metastatic PDAC in a real-world setting. Longer observed survival was seen in patients who received platinum-based chemotherapy alongside SIRT, particularly in the first-line setting. Given the descriptive design and small sample size, these findings should be interpreted as hypothesis-generating and may inform future prospective evaluation of SIRT-chemotherapy combinations.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147833389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of advanced glycation end products and their receptors on the development and prognosis of colorectal cancer.","authors":"Li-Juan Wang, Xiao-Yu Liu, Can Tan, Zi-Wei Wang, Yong Cheng","doi":"10.1186/s12885-026-16070-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-026-16070-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to analyze whether advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their receptors had an impact on the development and prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study examined the databases of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library databases and CNKI up to 7 February 2024 for cohort studies assessing the association between AGEs and their receptors, including receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) on the development and prognosis of CRC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The meta-analysis included eight studies with a total of 8,278 participants. It demonstrated that sRAGE expression was significantly lower in CRC patients compared to controls. In contrast, no significant differences were found in the expression levels of RAGE or AGEs between CRC patients and controls. Overall survival was not significantly associated with RAGE expression levels. Subgroup analysis indicated that the inverse association between sRAGE and CRC was significant in the general population but not observed among diabetic patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Low sRAGE expression was associated with an increased risk of CRC development, whereas RAGE and AGEs were not associated with the development and prognosis of CRC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147833533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical activity, sedentary behavior and ovarian cancer risk in Asian populations: a scoping review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Jun Wang, Dongdong Wu, Xiang Guo","doi":"10.1186/s12885-026-16079-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-026-16079-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ovarian cancer (OC) exhibits significant ethnic and geographic disparities, with rising incidence in Asia contrasting global declines. While non-modifiable risk factors (e.g., genetics) are well-established, evidence for the role of modifiable factors like physical activity remains inconsistent, especially in Asian populations. This study systematically evaluates the association between physical activity, sedentary behavior, and OC risk in Asia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a meta-analysis of seven studies (156,910 participants, 1,585 OC cases) from Japan, Korea, and China. Physical activity and sedentary behavior were assessed via self-reports. Meta-analysis was performed to pool RR estimates together with their 95% CI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Regular physical activity was associated with a 24% lower OC risk (RR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.64-0.91; P = 0.002), despite high heterogeneity (I² = 75%). Sedentary behaviour was associated with a 55% higher OC risk (RR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.23-1.96; P = 0.0002).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In Asian populations, physical activity may protect against OC, while sedentary behavior may elevate risk. These findings underscore the need for dual public health strategies: promoting exercise and reducing sedentary time. Future research should standardize exposure assessments and include diverse Asian subpopulations to refine prevention guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147833438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated DNA and RNA profiling refines prognostic stratification independent of therapeutic actionability in cholangiocarcinoma.","authors":"Julie A Vendrell, Inès Dalmon, Simon Cabello-Aguilar, Jacques Colinge, Eric Assenat, Jérôme Solassol","doi":"10.1186/s12885-026-16064-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-026-16064-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) exhibits marked biological heterogeneity. While genomic profiling identifies targetable alterations such as FGFR2 fusions and IDH1 mutations, transcriptomic analyses reveal distinct immune, proliferative and mesenchymal profiles. How these genomic and transcriptomic features jointly influence clinical outcomes remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed integrated DNA and RNA profiling in 62 patients with intrahepatic and extrahepatic CCA treated at a single tertiary center. Targeted DNA sequencing assessed single-nucleotide variants, copy-number alterations, and microsatellite instability. Extended RNA sequencing evaluated gene fusions and pathway-level transcriptomic subtypes. Associations with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 58 DNA-profiled tumors, the most frequent alterations were TP53 (43.1%) and KRAS (29.3%), followed by IDH1 (10.3%, restricted to intrahepatic CCA). Actionable alterations (IDH1, FGFR2 fusions, ERBB2 amplification, microsatellite instability-high) were detected in 25% of cases and associated with longer overall survival (67.5 vs. 20.8 months; p = 0.0004), consistent with benefit from matched therapies rather than intrinsic tumor biology. RNA profiling identified five transcriptomic subtypes: Immune (21%), Proliferative (18%), Mesenchymal (42%), Immune-Proliferative (8%), and Unclassified (11%). KRAS-TP53 co-mutation was the strongest adverse prognostic factor (38.1 vs. 13.2 months; p = 0.0004). The Mesenchymal subtype was associated with shorter PFS (5.9 vs. 17.9 months; p = 0.045) in patients treated with chemotherapy ± immunotherapy but did not significantly affect OS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Integrated genomic and transcriptomic profiling refines prognostic stratification in cholangiocarcinoma independent of therapeutic actionability. KRAS-TP53 co-mutation and the Mesenchymal transcriptomic subtype represent independent high-risk markers detectable on routine FFPE tissue. These features complement actionable alterations and may inform patient selection and clinical trial design.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147833398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound criteria for shallow T2 gallbladder carcinoma - comment on Sugimoto M et al. a simple method for diagnosing gallbladder malignant tumors with subserosal invasion by endoscopic ultrasonography. BMC cancer. 2021; 21: 288.","authors":"Taketoshi Fujimoto","doi":"10.1186/s12885-026-16014-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-026-16014-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13141458/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147833450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to \"Matters Arising: a simple method for diagnosing gallbladder malignant tumors with subserosa invasion by endoscopic ultrasonography\".","authors":"Mitsuru Sugimoto, Tadayuki Takagi, Hiromasa Ohira","doi":"10.1186/s12885-026-16013-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-026-16013-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13141453/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147833531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Ki-67 as an independent prognostic factor in extraskeletal osteosarcoma: a comparative cohort study.","authors":"Hülya Odabaşı Bükün, Türkkan Evrensel, Erdem Çubukçu, Adem Deligönül, Ahmet Bilgehan Şahin, Ender Eren Özçelik, Ömer Can Kaya, Ülviye Yalçınkaya, Seyit Ali Volkan Polatkan","doi":"10.1186/s12885-026-16120-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-026-16120-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The objectives of this study are to compare clinicopathological features and outcomes of extraskeletal osteosarcoma (EOS) and conventional osteosarcoma (COS) and identify independent prognostic factors for disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 72 patients (Group EOS, n = 12; Group COS, n = 60) with a definitive diagnosis. Clinicopathological variables, SATB2 expression, and Ki-67 proliferation index were compared between groups. Outcomes were assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test, and independent prognostic factors were identified by Cox regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Group EOS had significantly higher median age (53.5 vs. 33.4 years, p < 0.001) and Ki-67 proliferation index than Group COS. Primary tumor location differed significantly (p < 0.001), with EOS cases affecting internal organs (kidneys, lungs) and COS cases mainly in long bones around the knee. Metastases were more common in Group EOS (83.3% vs. 13.6%, p < 0.001). Median OS and DFS for Group EOS were 19.3 months (vs. 71.6 months for COS, p = 0.007) and 2.2 months (vs. 21.6 months for COS, p < 0.001), respectively. Multivariate analysis identified age (OS: HR per year 1.04, 95% CI: 1.02-1.06, p < 0.001; DFS: HR 1.03, 95% CI: 1.02-1.05, p < 0.001) and Ki-67 proliferation index (OS: HR per %-point 1.02, 95% CI: 1.00-1.04, p = 0.038; DFS: HR 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01-1.04, p = 0.006) as independent prognostic factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Survival outcomes for patients with EOS were significantly worse than for those with COS. High Ki-67 proliferation index and advanced age were associated with a more aggressive clinical course of EOS. Therefore, more intensive follow-up and treatment are prudent for elderly EOS patients with a high Ki-67 proliferation index.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147833422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic value of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and common subtypes in patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Qiming Zheng, Xinyue Xie, Qingjun Guo, Chiyi Chen, Wentao Jiang","doi":"10.1186/s12885-026-16127-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-026-16127-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The incidence of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs) has been rising. However, current prognostic evaluation systems have certain limitations. As a key component of the tumor microenvironment, the prognostic value of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in GEP-NENs remains controversial. This study aims to systematically evaluate the prognostic impact of common TILs subsets, including CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, and FoxP3 + cells, in patients with GEP-NENs to provide evidence-based support.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following the PRISMA guidelines, we systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science for studies published up to February 2026. Two researchers independently completed the literature screening, data extraction, and quality assessment using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Meta-analysis was performed using Stata 17.0 software to calculate pooled hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Heterogeneity testing, subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and GRADE certainty of evidence assessment were also conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 8 studies involving 915 patients were included after corrected literature screening. The meta-analysis demonstrated that a high density of FoxP3+ TILs was significantly associated with worse overall survival (OS) in patients with GEP-NENs (HR = 2.18, 95% CI: 1.36-3.49, P = 0.001). In contrast, infiltration of CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ TILs showed no significant correlation with OS. The analysis of total TILs was not meta-analyzed as only one study reported this data; qualitatively, it showed a significant association with OS (HR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.13-1.65). Exploratory subgroup analyses indicated that the prognostic value might be influenced by tumor location and the site of TILs detection. Sensitivity analysis confirmed the stability of the results, and publication bias could not be reliably assessed due to the small number of studies. GRADE assessment showed low-to-moderate certainty of evidence for all pooled estimates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>High infiltration of FoxP3+ TILs can serve as a potential prognostic biomarker for poor prognosis in patients with GEP-NENs. The prognostic value of CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ TILs remains unclear. The evaluation of TILs subsets is influenced by tumor characteristics and may help guide prognostic stratification and immunotherapeutic strategies. However, further validation through multicenter prospective studies and standardized protocols is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147810922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting prognosis and drug sensitivity in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma using an lncRNA signature associated with cuproptosis.","authors":"Yan Li, Shiyu Lv, Yunqiu Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12885-026-16132-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-026-16132-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent type of malignant tumor known for its aggressive proliferation and invasive behavior. The exact molecular mechanisms underlying HCC development and progression remain unclear. Nevertheless, cuproptosis has been linked to a range of diseases, including cancers, resulting from imbalances in copper homeostasis. Here, a unique signature of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) was developed, known as cuproptosis-related lncRNA (CRlncRNA). This signature has significant value in clinical practice for predicting prognosis and drug sensitivity in individuals with HCC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The transcriptome data and clinical information were retrieved from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The independent prognostic signature of five CRlncRNAs was constructed by co-expression analysis, Lasso Cox regression analysis, and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis. K-M analysis and ROC curve were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the signature in predicting prognosis and IC50 was used to predict the sensitivity of drugs. Furthermore, the differential expression of five CRlncRNAs was validated in clinical HCC samples, and functional in vitro experiments were performed to investigate the biological role of LINC02505, which is one of the five CRlncRNAs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on 374 HCC samples, a prognostic risk signature of five lncRNAs was constructed. High-risk patients showed significantly decreased survival periods, indicating that the CRlncRNA signature has predictive value in HCC. Combined with clinical and pathological information, the signature was shown to be an independent prognostic factor. Besides, the CRlncRNA signature was found to be closely associated with the efficacy of many commonly used chemotherapy drugs and targeted drugs for HCC patients. Additionally, further investigations showed that the mutation rate of HCC was related to the CRlncRNA signature, and gene enrichment analysis focused on immune-related pathways. Finally, among the CRlncRNA signature, LINC02505 was tested as a risk factor in vitro.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The CRlncRNA signature has significant clinical implications as it offers new biomarkers for evaluating HCC prognosis and guiding clinical medication.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147810928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}