BMC Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Correction: Hospital factors and metastatic surgery in colorectal cancer patients, a population-based cohort study.","authors":"Malin Ljunggren, Caroline E Dietrich, Emma Rosander, Gabriella Palmer, Bengt Glimelius, Anna Martling, Caroline Nordenvall","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14339-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14339-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"929"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12100949/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causal role of immune cells in primary liver cancer: a mendelian randomization study.","authors":"Jia Liu, Tongyuan Zhang, Yang Gao, Dong Ji, Lijian Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14327-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14327-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Primary liver cancer is one of the most common fatal malignancies worldwide. Observational studies have shown that immune cells are closely linked to primary liver cancer, however, due to issues like reverse causality and confounding variables, the causal direction and extent of this association remain unclear. Thus, this study aimed to explore the potential causal association between immune cells and primary liver cancer, encompassing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A two-sample mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed using summary statistics from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of the 731 immune traits and primary liver cancer. The primary liver cancer dataset consisted of a total of 456,348 subjects, with 123 cases of HCC and 456,225 controls, as well as 104 cases of ICC and 456,244 controls, all of European ancestry. The primary method for assessing causality was inverse variance weighting (IVW), with sensitivity analysis utilized for testing heterogeneity and pleiotropy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two immunophenotypes were significantly associated with HCC risk: CD3 on CD45RA + CD4+ (OR [95% CI]: 1.334 [1.077 to 1.651], p = 0.008), CD80 on monocyte (OR [95% CI]: 0.578 [0.397 to 0.844], p = 0.004). Additionally, six immunophenotypes were identified to be significantly associated with the risk of ICC: SSC-A on NK (OR [95% CI]: 1.685 [1.166 to 2.436], p = 0.006); CD3 on CD28- CD8br: (OR [95% CI]: 1.826 [1.206 to 2.766], p = 0.004); CD45RA on naive CD4+: (OR [95% CI]: 1.391 [1.119 to 1.729], p = 0.003); Resting Treg %CD4: (OR [95% CI]: 1.290 [1.069 to 1.558], p = 0.008); HLA DR on HSC: (OR [95% CI]: 0.539 [0.343 to 0.846], p = 0.007); Plasmacytoid DC %DC: (OR [95% CI]: 0.610 [0.462 to 0.806], p < 0.001). And sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the main findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MR analysis has revealed the causal relationship between immune cells and primary liver cancer through genetic methods. These findings could assist in clinical decision-making and provide new directions for the treatment and research of primary liver cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"928"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12100895/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic significance of the number of hepatic lesions in multifocal intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma after radical resection: an IPTW propensity-score analysis.","authors":"Xin Zhang, Xi-Tai Huang, Jin-Zhao Xie, Ai-Qing Fu, Wei Chen, Jian-Peng Cai, Li-Jian Liang, Xiao-Yu Yin","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-13737-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-13737-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Multifocal hepatic lesions represent a distinctive subgroup within intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(iCCA), the management of these patients remains controversial. This study aimed to compare the survival of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) with different numbers of hepatic lesions and select patients benefiting most from surgery in multifocal iCCA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cohort of 354 consecutive iCCA patients were included. Based on the number of hepatic lesions, patients were classified as follows: solitary tumors (type I), 2 or 3 hepatic lesions in the same-sided hepatic lobe (type II), and more than three hepatic lesions in the same-sided hepatic lobe (type III). Stabilized inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW) was conducted for accurate prognosis comparisons. Furthermore, the long-term prognosis was compared between different American Joint Committee on Cancer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among all patients, multifocal iCCA presented significantly worse overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) than solitary tumor (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001), 11.9% (n = 42), and 14.4% (n = 51) patients were classified into type II, and type III, respectively. After IPTW, type II exhibited similar while type III exhibited worse RFS and OS to type I cohort (solitary tumors) (p < 0.001and p < 0.001). Multivariable Cox analysis also identified type III tumors as an independent risk factor for OS (HR 1.95, 95% CI:1.33-2.87, p < 0.001). Among AJCC stage II (T2N0M0) patients, multifocal iCCA presented significantly worse OS than solitary tumors (vascular invasion) (p = 0.018), and type II exhibited similar while type III exhibited worse OS than solitary tumors (p = 0.500 and p = 0.040). Compared with stage III patients, type II exhibited better while type III exhibited similar OS (p < 0.001 and p = 0.300).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Multifocal iCCA presented a significantly worse prognosis, the number of hepatic lesions significantly influenced the prognosis of multifocal iCCA. Patients with type II tumors may derive comparable oncological benefits from surgery compared with solitary tumors, radical surgery still be strongly recommended as the preferred treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"930"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12101014/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-dose third-generation EGFR-TKIs combined with intrathecal pemetrexed in advanced EGFR-mutant NSCLC with leptomeningeal metastases following EGFR-TKI therapy.","authors":"Shugui Wu, Zhengang Qiu, Huaqiu Shi, Wei Yu, Linfang Liu, Longqiu Wu, Wenjuan Zhong","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14337-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14337-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Leptomeningeal metastasis in EGFR-mutant (EGFRm) non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a severe complication particularly prevalent in patients who have previously been treated with EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs). However, an optimal treatment strategy for dealing with leptomeningeal metastases in patients with NSCLC has yet to be developed. High-dose EGFR-TKIs in combination with intrathecal chemotherapy may offer a promising treatment strategy for this patient population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively identified patients with EGFRm NSCLC who were diagnosed at the First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2023. All patients developed leptomeningeal metastases after EGFR-TKI treatment and then received intrathecal pemetrexed chemotherapy in combination with high-dose third-generation EGFR-TKIs (osimertinib 160 mg/day, furmonertinib 160 mg/day, or aumolertinib 165 mg/day), with or without other therapies. Intracranial response, intracranial progression-free survival, overall survival, and safety were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-three patients were enrolled. The median follow-up was 20 months (range, 2-35). The median number of intrathecal pemetrexed injections was 4 (range, 2-26). The intracranial symptom relief rate was 91.3% (21/23), intracranial disease control rate was 86.96% (20/23), median intracranial progression-free survival was 10 months (95% CI, 1.52-18.48), and median overall survival was 12 months (95% CI, 5.43-18.57). The most frequent adverse event was myelosuppression (n = 10, 43.48%), which was limited to grade 1 or 2. Two grade 3 adverse events were observed, including one case of interstitial pneumonia and one case of diarrhea. Univariate and multivariate analyses demonstrated that the combination of bevacizumab and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of ≤ 1 were favorable prognostic factors for survival.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>High-dose third-generation EGFR-TKIs combined with pemetrexed intrathecal chemotherapy demonstrated a high rate of intracranial symptom relief and manageable safety in patients with EGFRm NSCLC who developed leptomeningeal metastases after previous EGFR-TKI therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"926"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12101007/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tumor suppressing function of SLC16A7 in bladder cancer and its pan-cancer analysis.","authors":"Mingjie Xu, Jiatong Zhou, Jiancheng Lv, Yu Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14345-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14345-z","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Bladder cancer (BCa), a prevalent malignancy of the urinary tract, is associated with high recurrence and mortality rates. SLC16A7, a member of the solute carrier family 16 (SLC16), encodes monocarboxylate transporters that are involved in the proton-coupled transport of metabolites, including lactate, pyruvate, and ketone bodies, across cell membranes. Evidence suggests that SLC16A7 exhibits variable expression in cancers and may influence tumor development, progression, and immune regulation. This study examined the role of SLC16A7 in cancer prognosis, progression, and immune regulation, focusing on BCa.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A comprehensive analysis was conducted to evaluate the clinical and immunological relevance of SLC16A7 across multiple cancer types using data from 33 tumor datasets from 'The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). ' Associations between SLC16A7 expression and clinicopathological features, prognostic indicators, tumor mutation burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), immune cell infiltration, and immune-related gene expression were systematically analyzed. Experimental validation was performed to assess SLC16A7 expression in the BCa tissues and cell lines. The prognostic value of SLC16A7 was confirmed using clinical follow-up data from an independent patient cohort. Functional studies included proliferation assays to investigate the effect of SLC16A7. CD8 + T cells were obtained from the peripheral blood of healthy donors and stimulated using CD3 and CD28 antibodies in combination with recombinant IL-2. To investigate the immunological role of SLC16A7, co-culture experiments were performed between BCa cells and activated CD8 + T cells. Additionally, CD8 + T cell chemotaxis assays and ELISA analyses were conducted to evaluate the immune responses mediated by SLC16A7.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;SLC16A7 expression was downregulated in 16 cancer types, including BCa, and upregulated in three cancer types. Its expression was significantly associated with tumor stage in four cancers and showed both positive and negative correlations with prognosis, depending on the cancer type. Genomic analyses revealed significant associations between SLC16A7 and TMB in 13 cancer types and MSI in 11 cancer types. Pathway enrichment analyses (Hallmark-GSEA and KEGG-GSEA) indicated strong associations between SLC16A7, immune responses, and tumor progression. Immune infiltration analysis showed a predominantly positive association between SLC16A7 expression and immune cell infiltration, except in low-grade gliomas (LGG). CIBERSORT analysis demonstrated that SLC16A7 expression correlated positively with resting memory CD4 T cells, eosinophils, monocytes, resting mast cells, and memory B cells and negatively with activated memory CD4 T cells, M1 macrophages, follicular helper T cells, M0 macrophages, and CD8 T cells. SLC16A7 expression was also significantly associated with the expression of immune-regulato","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"932"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12102997/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of individualized PEEP on pulmonary function, cerebral blood flow and postoperative cognitive function in patients undergoing laparoscopic radical resection of rectal cancer.","authors":"Xiaoyan Zhang, Jingjing Zhang, Caixia Zhao, Yichao Cai, Qing Yang, Caixia Yue, Kan Li","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14321-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14321-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the effects of individualized PEEP on pulmonary function, cerebral blood flow, and postoperative cognitive function in patients undergoing laparoscopic radical resection of rectal cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>100 patients who underwent laparoscopic radical rectal cancer surgery at our hospital between August 2021 and May 2023 were randomized into two groups: the DP group (optimal PEEP group oriented to driving pressure) and the Cdyn group (optimal PEEP group oriented to pulmonary compliance). Anesthesia was induced in both groups with 0.3 mg/kg of remizolam + 0.15 mg/kg of CIS atracurium + 0.5 ug/kg of sufentanil. Lung ultrasound score (LUS), peak and plateau airway pressures (PEAK, PLAT), oxygenation index (OI), driving pressure (DP), and pulmonary dynamic compliance (Cdyn) were measured at different time points. Cerebral blood flow and cognitive function were also assessed. T₀: before induction of anesthesia; T₁: before postoperative extubation of the tracheal tube; T₂: 1 h after extubation; T₃: on the third postoperative day; T₄: 5 min after determining the optimal PEEP; T₅: 1 h after the establishment of pneumoperitoneum; T₆: 2 h after the establishment of the pneumoperitoneum; T₇: 20 min at the end of pneumoperitoneum.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no significant differences in general information between the two groups, P > 0.05. Compared with the DP group, the Cdyn group had lower LUS at T₃, higher PEAK at T₅, T₆, and T₇, lower PLAT and OI at T₆ and T₇, lower DP at T₄, T₆, and T₇, and lower Cdyn at T₆ and T₇, P < 0.05. The Cdyn group had lower cerebral blood flow at T₄ and T₆, P < 0.05. The Cdyn group had higher cognitive function at stage T₃ as assessed by MMSE, P < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PEEP guided by lung compliance improves pulmonary function, cerebral blood flow, and cognitive function, offering clinical benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"927"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12100997/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the breast cancer quality of care indicators in Iran; multicenter study.","authors":"Mojtaba Vand Rajabpour, Monireh Sadat Seyyedsalehi, Azin Nahvijou, Saeed Nemati, Shaghayegh Haghjooy Javanmard, Amirreza Manteghinejad, Sepideh Abdi, Borna Farazmand, Habibollah Pirnejad, Arash Golpazir Sorkheh, Jamshid Anasari, Masoud Bahrami, Maryam Marzban, Seyedeh Masoumeh Ghoreishi, Yahya Baharvand Iran Nia, Fataneh Bakhshi, Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam, Maryam Moradi Binabaj, Hassan Nourmohammadi, Ramesh Omranipour, Alireza Abdollahi, Mahdi Aghili, Mohammad Ali Mohagheghi, Ali Ghanbari-Motlagh, Partha Basu, Paolo Boffetta, Kazem Zendehdel","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14260-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14260-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Data on quality-of-care indicators for breast cancer patients is limited in low-and middle-income countries. We evaluated the indicators in Iran.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of 21 quality-of-care indicators of breast cancer management defined by EUSOMA 2017 were selected. The indicators were retrospectively evaluated based on the data from the Clinical Breast Cancer Registry established in 11 provinces of Iran.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>In the study of 6,293 patients evaluated on 21 indicators, 15 indicators were more than 5% below EUSOMA's standard levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The defined indicators had a value lower than the suggested standards by EUSOMA. This study's results highlight important clues for intervention in improving breast cancer outcomes in Iran and other low-and middle-income countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"925"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12100878/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical application of \"purse-string suture\" under endoscope in the treatment of refractory postoperative intestinal anastomotic fistula.","authors":"Guangxu Zhu, Shengjie Zhou, Hongqiao Gao, Shunyao Song, Baoqiang Shan, Youchao Xu, Ningning Sun, Yuanyuan Xu, Shumin Wang, Jianjun Qu, Honglei Gao","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14364-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14364-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Postoperative intestinal anastomotic fistula (PIAF) remains a challenging complication with suboptimal outcomes under conventional therapies. This study evaluates the safety and efficacy of endoscopic purse-string suturing (EPS) in managing refractory PIAF and identifies prognostic predictors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis of 55 patients with refractory PIAF treated via EPS (2015-2024) was conducted. Technical success was defined as endoscopic fistula closure, while clinical success required radiologic/endoscopic healing confirmation. Logistic regression models identified risk factors for poor outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>EPS achieved a technical success rate of 87.3% (52/55) and a clinical success rate of 63.6% (35/55). Subgroup analyses revealed no significant differences between in-house and external referrals (clinical: 61.1% vs. 64.9%, P = 0.786; technical: 88.9% vs. 81.1%, P = 0.463). Preoperative ostomy status correlated with higher clinical success (92.3% vs. 54.8%, P = 0.014), though technical success was comparable (92.3% vs. 85.7%, P = 0.533). Multivariate analysis identified delayed intervention (> 2 months post-diagnosis) (OR = 0.027, 95% CI: 0.002-0.410) and Pre-existing anastomotic stricture (OR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.004-0.507) as independent risk factors for poor prognosis. Complications included anastomotic stricture (3.6%, managed endoscopically) and transient diarrhea (1 case). No mortality or recurrence occurred during 12-month follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study establishes endoscopic purse-string closure as a safe and effective minimally invasive intervention for refractory post-implantation anastomotic fistulas, particularly when implemented during early disease progression. Therapeutic optimization through time-sensitive intervention and selective stoma creation demonstrates significant potential for enhancing clinical outcomes in complex fistula management.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"931"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12102865/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early mortality in patients with cancer and COVID-19 infection treated with immunotherapy.","authors":"Jacques Raphael, Britney Le, Simron Singh, Phillip Blanchette, Maureen Trudeau, Melody Lam, Matthew Cheung","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14318-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14318-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Immunotherapy in the presence of COVID-19 infections raises concerns because of potential overlapping clinical complications and immune system enhancement. Further investigation is warranted to establish its safety and to improve clinical decisions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study using linked health administrative data from Ontario, Canada to assess 30-day mortality in patients with solid tumors who were treated with immunotherapy within 120 days before testing positive for COVID-19. A stepwise multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify clinical factors associated with 30-day mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between January 2020 and April 2023, 281 patients tested positive for COVID-19 and were included in our study. The mean age was 68 (Standard Deviation: 10.3), 45% (127/281) were females and 58% (163/281) had lung cancer. 59% of patients (167/281) were treated with single agent immunotherapy, and almost 80% received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine. The 30-day mortality was 22% (63/281) and < 5% of patients were admitted to ICU or required ventilation. Factors associated with higher mortality were older age (Odds Ratio (OR) 1.60, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07-2.39), prior radiation therapy (OR 2.38, 95%CI 1.08-5.28), lower hemoglobin (< 10 g/dl) (OR 4.08, 95%CI 1.89-8.82) and higher leucocytes count (> 11,000/mm³) (OR 3.63, 95%CI 1.55-8.52).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Immunotherapy does not seem to increase the risk of 30-day mortality in patients with COVID-19 infections compared to published outcomes of patients with cancer and COVID-19. Mortality was associated with certain clinical characteristics that need to be carefully examined when prescribing immunotherapy during future comparable pandemics.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"922"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12100880/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144126671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Gene expression-based Risk Stratification tool predicts recurrence in Non-muscle invasive Bladder cancer.","authors":"Srivatsa N, Hari Ps, Rahul P, Lista Paul, Durgadevi Veeraiyan, Ambili Narikot, Vidya Veldore, Nishtha Tanwar, Peddagangannagari Sreekanthreddy, Hitesh Goswami, Rekha V Kumar, B S Srinath, Aruna Korlimarla","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14273-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14273-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bladder cancer represents a heterogeneous disease with distinct clinical challenges. Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) typically presents as indolent and slow-growing, yet a critical clinical challenge remains: identifying which patients will progress to muscle-invasive disease requiring radical interventions. Early detection of progression propensity is essential, as once muscle invasion occurs, the risk of distant metastasis increases substantially, and treatment shifts from conservative TURBT (Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumor) to aggressive surgical interventions with significant morbidity. Current risk stratification methods fail to adequately predict this transition in approximately 30% of cases, highlighting the urgent need for more accurate prognostic tools.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This retrospective study aimed to develop and validate a transcriptomics-based mRNA score for predicting early NMIBC recurrence, comparing its performance against traditional risk stratification methods.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed mRNA expression profiles from primary retrospective NMIBC tumor specimens (n = 25) collected between [2018-2022]. Traditional risk stratification tools, including EORTC scoring, were applied alongside our novel mRNA-based risk score to evaluate predictive accuracy for recurrence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The transcriptomics-based mRNA score demonstrated a median prediction accuracy of 90% across 10,000 resampling iterations for predicting early NMIBC recurrence, significantly outperforming traditional EORTC risk scores. Our comprehensive gene set identified 435 differentially expressed genes associated with recurrence. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed significantly different recurrence-free survival between high and low mRNA risk score groups (Bonferroni corrected p-value < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This retrospective analysis confirms that mRNA expression-based risk stratification provides superior predictive accuracy compared to conventional clinicopathologic risk tools. Implementation of this gene signature could potentially reduce over-investigation and improve surveillance cost-effectiveness after TURBT in patients with primary high-risk NMIBC. These findings may transform the clinical management paradigm by enabling more personalized follow-up protocols based on molecular risk assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"916"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12096726/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144126679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}