BMC Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Association between antihypertensive medication use and kidney cancer risk: a meta-analysis accounting for hypertension.","authors":"Minji Jung, Mingyi Li, Jaekyu Shin, Benjamin I Chung, Marvin E Langston","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14406-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14406-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Evidence that antihypertensive medication (AHTN) use is associated with an increased risk of kidney cancer (KC) is emerging. However, limited evidence is available on disentangling the effects of AHTN use on KC from hypertension, which is a risk factor for KC. We aimed to identify pooled estimates for the associations between AHTN use and KC risk, independent of hypertension.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched for observational studies that investigated the associations between AHTN use and KC through January 2025. To identify the independent effects of AHTN from hypertension, we conducted stratified analyses with and without accounting for hypertension: any methods (matching, adjustment, or stratification/restriction) versus none. We conducted random-effects meta-analyses with robust variance estimation to calculate pooled relative risk (RR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this meta-analysis consisting of 39 eligible studies, AHTN use was associated with an increased risk of KC based on estimates that accounted for hypertension (RR 1.19, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.93-1.52 for angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; RR 1.15, 95% CI 1.00-1.31 for angiotensin receptor blocker; RR 1.09, 95% CI 1.03-1.16 for beta-blocker, RR 1.40, 95% CI 1.12-1.75 for calcium channel blocker (CCB); RR 1.36, 95% CI 1.20-1.55 for diuretic; and RR 1.40, 95% CI 1.13-1.75 for non-classified AHTN). Findings from duration‒response relationships supported the main findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AHTN use was associated with an increased risk of KC compared to no use, even after accounting for hypertension, with the highest risk observed for CCB. Our findings highlight the potential KC risks associated with different AHTN classes, with optimal cardiovascular care remaining an important consideration.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"1013"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12143101/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144246423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and prostate cancer in middle-aged and elderly Americans: a national population-based analysis of NHANES 2001-2018.","authors":"Guohui Zhang, Xiaoyan Guo, Cunle Zhu, Shihao Li, Zhijian Xu, Jing Liang, Xiangwei Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14360-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14360-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The impact of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] on prostate cancer (PCa) development remains inconclusive. This investigation aimed to evaluate the association between 25(OH)D concentrations and PCa prevalence using data from a nationally representative cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional analysis was performed using data from individuals aged 40 years and older who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2001 to 2018. Comprehensive demographic and clinical information, including 25(OH)D levels and PCa status, was obtained. Multivariate logistic regression models were utilized to determine the association between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and PCa prevalence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study analyzed data from 17,989 individuals, with a mean age of 61.1 ± 12.8 years and an average serum 25(OH)D concentration of 68.3 ± 23.3 nmol/L. PCa was diagnosed in 3.3% (n = 848) of participants. After full adjustment for potential confounders, elevated serum 25(OH)D concentrations were positively associated with the prevalence of PCa (p for trend = 0.007). Each 10-unit increment in serum 25(OH)D was linked to a 7% increase in PCa prevalence. Curve fitting analysis demonstrated a linear, positive association between serum 25(OH)D levels and PCa frequency. This trend remained consistent across all sensitivity analyses, including restriction to participants aged ≥ 60 years, exclusion of outlier serum 25(OH)D values (> mean + 3SD), and complete-case analysis. Stratified analysis indicated that this association was notably stronger among individuals with cardiovascular disease (OR, 1.16 [95% CI, 1.08-1.24]; p for interaction = 0.025).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In adults over 40 in the U.S., higher serum 25(OH)D concentrations were positively correlated with PCa prevalence, with cardiovascular disease potentially modifying this relationship. Regulating serum 25(OH)D levels may contribute to mitigating PCa prevalence.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"1014"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12144758/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144246424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A radiogenomics study on ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT in endometrial cancer by a novel deep learning segmentation algorithm.","authors":"Xuanyi Li, Weijun Shi, Qianwen Zhang, Xinhui Lin, Hongzan Sun","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14392-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14392-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To create an automated PET/CT segmentation method and radiomics model to forecast Mismatch repair (MMR) and TP53 gene expression in endometrial cancer patients, and to examine the effect of gene expression variability on image texture features.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We generated two datasets in this retrospective and exploratory study. The first, with 123 histopathologically confirmed patient cases, was used to develop an endometrial cancer segmentation model. The second dataset, including 249 patients for MMR and 179 for TP53 mutation prediction, was derived from PET/CT exams and immunohistochemical analysis. A PET-based Attention-U Net network was used for segmentation, followed by region-growing with co-registered PET and CT images. Feature models were constructed using PET, CT, and combined data, with model selection based on performance comparison.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our segmentation model achieved 99.99% training accuracy and a dice coefficient of 97.35%, with validation accuracy at 99.93% and a dice coefficient of 84.81%. The combined PET + CT model demonstrated superior predictive power for both genes, with AUCs of 0.8146 and 0.8102 for MMR, and 0.8833 and 0.8150 for TP53 in training and test sets, respectively. MMR-related protein heterogeneity and TP53 expression differences were predominantly seen in PET images.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>An efficient deep learning algorithm for endometrial cancer segmentation has been established, highlighting the enhanced predictive power of integrated PET and CT radiomics for MMR and TP53 expression. The study underscores the distinct influences of MMR and TP53 gene expression on tumor characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"1006"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12142843/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of clinical presentation with prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma associated with oral submucous fibrosis.","authors":"H Hande Alka, Gadbail Amol, Sonone Archana, K Patil Swati, Pakhale Aayushi, N Sharma Preethi","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14415-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14415-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) associated with oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) constitutes a clinicopathologically distinct entity in context to younger age of presentation, better histological grade of tumor differentiation, and lower risk of nodal metastasis. This study is intended to provide the basis of clinical presentation of OSCC associated with OSMF to consider a clinicopathologically unique entity compared to OSCC without OSMF.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The cohort of 320 OSCC patients was divided into two groups based on the association of OSMF. Group one, OSCC without OSMF (n = 166), whereas Group two, OSCC associated with OSMF (n = 154). The varied clinical presentation were categorized as, erythroplakic, erythro-leukoplakic, ulcerative/endophytic, ulcero-proliferative, and proliferative/exophytic. The variations in clinical presentation between the OSCC without OSMF and OSCC associated with OSMF groups were assessed using one-way ANOVA and the Tukey's HSD test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Group one cohort presented with, significantly high number of cases clinically as ulcerative/endophytic 72 (43.4%) followed by ulcero-proliferative 53 (31.9%), erythro-leukoplakic 30 (18.1%), proliferative/exophytic 8 (4.8%) and erythroplakic 3 (1.8%). Whereas in Group two, significantly high number of cases clinically presented as nearly equal number of ulcero-proliferative 55 (35.7%) and proliferative/exophytic 50 (32.5%) followed by ulcerative/endophytic 25 (16.2%), erythro-leukoplakic 18 (11.7%) and erythroplakic 6 (3.9%) (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Significantly high number of cases of OSCC associated with OSMF clinically presented as ulcero-proliferative and proliferative/exophytic. This characteristic clinical presentation may contribute in early detection and diagnosis by providing considerable period for recognition and treatment planning and thus better prognosis in OSCC associated with OSMF cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"1000"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12139074/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of CDKN2A homozygous and heterozygous deletions in gliomas across multiple detection platforms.","authors":"Hainan Li, Ningning Luo, Chongzhu Fan, Tiantian Han, Xuemin Wei, Xing Zhang, Lijun Dai, Lei Ye, Dongsheng Chen, Linbo Cai, Zhi Li","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14266-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14266-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accurately identification of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A) status is of paramount important, as it has been reported as an unfavorable prognostic biomarker in diffuse gliomas, both IDH-mutant and IDH-wild type. Various methods are available for identifying CDKN2A deletion, with fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) being the most used. However, there is currently no established threshold for identifying CDKN2A homozygous and heterozygous deletions using FISH. Herein, we retrospectively collected formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples from 100 patients with diffuse gliomas, and DNA-based next-generation sequencing (NGS), FISH, immunohistochemistry (IHC)-p16, and IHC-methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) were used to assess the CDKN2A status. The correlations and consistency of CDKN2A status identification across different platforms were compared, and inconsistencies and potential reasons were analyzed.. Our findings revealed a relatively high accuracy between FISH- and NGS-assessment results for CDKN2A deletion status, with an AUC value 0.937 for assessing homozygous deletion and an AUC value of 0.980 for assessment deletion overall. However, each detection method has its own advantages and limitations. Therefore, a precise detection scheme is crucial for accurately assessing of CDKN2A deletion status. Finally, we analyzed the clinical significance of CDKN2A status. In conclusion, our study utilized four platforms to comprehensively assess the status of CDKN2A in gliomas and evaluated the performance of each platform. We established cutoff values of FISH to confirm CDKN2A status. Our findings propose methodological guidance for detection of CDKN2A deletion status in different scenarios and provide valuable insights and references for different clinical methodologies used to detect and determine CDKN2A status.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"1007"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12143045/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From biomarker to targeted therapy: investigating trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 expression in triple-negative breast cancer- insights from the national cancer institute.","authors":"Noura A A Ebrahim, Mustafa A Hussein, Mohamed Emam Sobeih, Nancy H Amin","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14402-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14402-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by its aggressive behavior and limited treatment options, primarily due to the lack of expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). TROP-2, a transmembrane glycoprotein, exhibits notable overexpression in a spectrum of highly aggressive cancers including pancreatic, gastric, and ovarian cancers. This overexpression has established TROP-2 as a key prognostic biomarker and a promising target for therapeutic intervention.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This research examines the correlation between TROP-2 expression and clinicopathological features in TNBC, assessing its utility as both a prognostic indicator and a candidate for targeted precision therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective analysis of 80 TNBC patient samples from January 2016 to December 2019 at the National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Egypt was carried out. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues were evaluated for TROP-2 expression using immunohistochemistry. Clinical and pathological data including patient demographics, tumor characteristics, treatment modalities, and survival outcomes were gathered. TROP-2 expression was correlated with clinicopathological variables and survival metrics (overall survival, OS; disease-free survival, DFS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A high expression of TROP-2 was observed in 78% of cases, exhibiting notable heterogeneity in intensity, proportion of positive cells, and H-score. TROP-2 expression correlated with larger tumor dimensions and advanced nodal involvement, suggesting its contribution to tumor aggressiveness. Elevated TROP-2 intensity and H-scores were significantly associated with poorer overall survival (OS; p = 0.003 and p = 0.007, respectively) and disease-free survival (DFS; p = 0.002 for both). Multivariate analysis revealed TROP-2 intensity, percentage of expression, and H-score as independent predictors of OS (p = 0.02, 0.001, and 0.012, respectively). Similarly, these variables were identified as independent prognostic indicators for DFS, with significant p-values of 0.002, 0.009, and 0.002.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our research validates TROP-2 overexpression as an essential prognostic marker and a potential therapeutic target in TNBC. The results endorse the use of TROP-2 expression levels for patient categorization, thereby advancing the implementation of personalized treatment strategies and accelerating the progression towards precision oncology.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"1008"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12142858/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipid accumulation product and visceral adiposity index as independent predictors of long-term survival after gastric cancer immunotherapy.","authors":"Yuyang Wang, Yi Li, Yusheng Guo, Shanshan Jiang, Jie Lou, Bingxin Gong, Zhiying Li, Lian Yang, Guofeng Zhou","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14411-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14411-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gastric cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. While immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have emerged as promising therapies, their efficacy is hindered by the lack of robust patient-centric biomarkers. Obesity, traditionally linked to cancer risk, paradoxically correlates with improved immunotherapy responses in some cancers, termed the \"obesity paradox\". However, traditional measurements like body mass index (BMI) may not fully capture metabolic-immune interactions. This study evaluates the predictive significance of lipid accumulation product (LAP) and visceral adiposity index (VAI), two metabolic indices, in gastric cancer patients receiving programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1) inhibitors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted on 146 gastric adenocarcinoma patients (stage III: n = 61; stage IV: n = 85) treated with PD-1 inhibitors at Wuhan Union Hospital from September 5, 2020, to October 15, 2023. We evaluated two metabolic obesity indices: LAP and VAI. LAP was calculated using waist circumference (WC) and triglyceride (TG) levels, while VAI incorporated WC, BMI, TG, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), with gender-specific formulas. Measurements followed standardized protocols with biochemical assays. Patients were stratified into high/low LAP and VAI groups using X-tile-derived optimal cut-offs. Survival outcomes were analyzed through Kaplan-Meier curves with log-rank testing. Prognostic factors were identified via univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Subgroup analyses further validated the model's robustness across clinical strata. Predictive accuracy was quantified using time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, while clinical utility was assessed through decision curve analysis (DCA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with high LAP and high VAI had significantly better PFS and OS than those with lower indices (log-rank test, P < 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis confirmed that high LAP (PFS: HR: 0.403, 95% CI: 0.233- 0.698, P = 0.001; OS: HR: 0.287, 95% CI: 0.153-0.541, P < 0.001) and high VAI (PFS: HR: 0.370, 95% CI: 0.214-0.642, P < 0.001; OS: HR: 0.300, 95% CI: 0.164-0.548, P < 0.001) were independent protective factors for both PFS and OS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LAP and VAI may serve as independent predictors of long-term survival in gastric cancer patients undergoing immunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"1009"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12143018/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-term outcomes of robotic vs. laparoscopic surgery for gastric cancer after neoadjuvant therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Tuerjun Tuohuti, Kamuran Abulizi, Tao Li","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14395-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14395-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The impact of robotic gastrectomy (RG) surgery on advanced gastric cancer following neoadjuvant therapy remains a topic of debate. A thorough search and analysis of the current relevant evidence is needed. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and advantages of RG for gastric cancer after neoadjuvant therapy, comparing it with traditional laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG) surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched databases,including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science,Cochrane Library, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),to identify studies up to May 10, 2025. Four non-randomized controlled trials from East Asia involving neoadjuvant therapy for advanced gastric cancer with RG and LG interventions were included. The outcomes assessed include: postoperative complications, operative time, blood loss, postoperative hospital stays, number of lymph node dissections, the first flatus, the first time on liquid diets, re-admission within 30 days after surgery, reoperation within 30 days after surgery, open conversion, prevalence of serious complications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of four studies enclosed by 569 participants were incorporated into the analysis. The findings reveal that RG significantly extended operative time [mean difference(MD): 82.16,95%CI: 65.39 to 98.94, P < 0.00001, I² = 30%] when compared to LG.; However, it significantly reduced the time to the patient's first flatus (MD: -0.60,95%CI:-0.70 to-0.51, P < 0.00001, I² = 0%)and the first time on liquid diets[MD:1.33,95%confidence interval(CI):-1.51to-1.16, P < 0.00001, I² = 0%], while also increasing the number of lymph nodes(MD: 1.76;95%CI:0.26to3.26, P = 0.02, I² = 0%). Furthermore, the findings of this study demonstrate that there were no statistically significant differences between the RG and LG,with postoperative complications [odds ratio, OR: 0.81;95%CI: 0.35-1.87, P = 0.62, I² = 65%], blood loss(MD: 2.34;95%CI: -6.43to11.10, P = 0.60, I² = 0%), open conversion(OR: 0.66;95%CI: 0.18-2.38, P = 0.52, I² = 0%), postoperative hospital stays(MD: -0.29;95%CI:-0.72to0.15, P = 0.19, I² = 29%), reoperation within 30 days after surgery(OR: 0.49;95% CI:0.09,2.73, P = 0.42, I² = 0%), re-admission within 30 days after surgery(OR: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.18,1.93, P = 0.38, I² = 0%), and prevalence of serious complications(OR = 0.61, 95% CI: (0.29, 1.24), P = 0.17, I² = 0%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on available data suggests that robotic surgery after neoadjuvant therapy is a treatment approach with great potential for development and may be used as a new treatment method for locally advanced gastric cancer.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42025643235 , PROSPERO (42,025,643,235).</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"1002"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12139109/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma cfDNA multi-omic biomarkers profiling for detection and stratification of gastric carcinoma.","authors":"Shiyi Song, Xiuli Zhang, Pin Cui, Weihuang He, Jiyuan Zhou, Shubing Wang, Yong Xiong, Shu Xu, Xiaohui Lin, Guozeng Huang, Xiaohua Tan, Qinglong Xu, Yongling Liu, Qingqun Li, Kehua Yuan, Mingji Feng, Hanming Lai, Hui Yang, Shaorong Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14409-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14409-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite being the third in death rate among all cancers globally, gastric carcinoma (GC) is far from being detected accurately and timely, which could benefit the prognosis. To achieve this, we performed whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to plasma cfDNA of 733 participants, including healthy individuals, patients with benign gastric diseases and GC patients. The multi-omic biomarkers in this study, including fragmentation profile, end motif and genome-wide Copy Number Variations (CNV) of plasma cfDNA, are recently developed means for cancer detection and monitoring. And these biomarkers were extracted from WGS data to build machine learning algorithm based classifiers, prediction models, to discriminate GC patients from healthy individuals, achieving extremely high precision of sensitivity at 94.87% and specificity at 99.35%. Therefore, these cfDNA multi-omic biomarkers may serve as means to detect GC accurately, affordably and timely.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"1003"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12139387/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cathepsin C correlates with M2 macrophage infiltration and regulates the tumor growth and metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer.","authors":"Xiaoxia Tong, Ting Zhu, Li Ma, Xiaohu Yang, Chenghui Li, Yibing Liu, Xuan Qin, Yanguang Ding, Hongwei Xia, Yonglei Liu","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14341-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14341-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cathepsin C (CTSC) is a cysteine protease in lysosomes that controls immunological responses. Upregulation CTSC expression was reportedly related with tumor progression and metastasis. The roles and mechanisms of CTSC in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are still unclear. Through systematic analysis, we found that the level of CTSC was higher in NSCLC and it was correlated with the overall survival (OS) of NSCLC patients. Furthermore, single-cell sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis suggested that the vast majority of CTSC was expressed in epithelial cell, NK cell, M1 and M2 macrophages, and neutrophil. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) demonstrated the involvement of CTSC in the immune responses and ssGSEA, CIBERSORT-abs, QUANTISEQ, XCELL algorithms results showed CTSC was positively associated with the M2 macrophages infiltration. Besides, CTSC was significantly co-expressed with M2 macrophage maker genes (CD68, CD163), and immune checkpoints. Then, CTSC, CD68, CD163 expression levels were detected by immunohistochemistry in our clinical NSCLC cohort. Subsequently, the regulatory roles of CTSC in the progression and metastasis of NSCLC were investigated both in vitro and in vivo. Our results indicated that knocking down CTSC in NSCLC cell lines restrained cell proliferation and migration. CTSC overexpression in NSCLC cells showed the opposite effects. Targeting CTSC may provide a promising treatment strategy for NSCLC patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"1001"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12139067/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}