BMC Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Exploring research frontiers and emerging trends of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in the treatment of colorectal cancer.","authors":"Xiaosong Li, Zhenlong Chen, Jie Yin, Xiping Shen, Hang Li","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14639-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-025-14639-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are a class of molecular targeted drugs designed to selectively inhibit tyrosine kinase activity associated with oncogenic signaling pathways and drivers, and have emerged as key therapeutic agents for colorectal cancer (CRC). The purpose of this study is to explore the research status and development trend of TKIs in CRC treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database was systematically searched for publications related to TKIs for the treatment of CRC from 2015 to 2024. The CiteSpace visualization software were employed to visualization analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1151 papers published between 2015 and 2024 were included in this study. The USA was the most productive and influential country in this field. The University of Texas System and University of California System were identified as the most productive and most cited institutions, respectively. Cancers has the highest publication volume in this field. Trusolino Livio and Van Cutsem Eric were identified as the most prolific and most frequently co-cited authors, respectively. The article titled \"Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Cell Proliferation Signaling Pathways\" published in Cancers in 2017, received the highest citation frequency. The emerging keywords that persisted into 2024 include \"microsatellite instability\", \"biological evaluation\", \"drug discovery\", \"inhibitors\", \"regorafenib\", \"immunotherapy\", and \"T-cells\".</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Current research hotspots include development of novel TKIs, elucidation of TKIs resistance mechanisms and corresponding overcoming strategies, evaluation of TKIs efficacy and safety through biological assessments, and combination of TKIs with immunotherapy. Precision medicine, multimodal combination therapies, and interdisciplinary integration represent the frontier research areas and future development directions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"1235"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-invasive breath testing to detect colorectal cancer: protocol for a multicentre, case-control development and validation study (COBRA2 study).","authors":"Michael G Fadel, James Murray, Georgia Woodfield, Ilaria Belluomo, Ivan Laponogov, Aaron Parker, Valerio Converso, James K Ellis, Pete Wheatstone, Julie Hepburn, Chris Groves, Kevin Monahan, Brian P Saunders, Patrik Španěl, Kirill Veselkov, Amanda J Cross, Christos Kontovounisios, Linda D Sharples, George B Hanna","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14520-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-025-14520-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth most common cancer in the United Kingdom. The five-year survival rate from CRC is only 10% when discovered at a late stage, but can exceed 90% if diagnosed early. Symptoms related to CRC can be non-specific, and therefore the decision to refer for a colonoscopy can be challenging. Breath analysis potentially offers a simple and quick method to detect CRC specific volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in breath. This protocol describes the COBRA2 study which aims to develop and validate the clinical prediction model (CPM) in the detection of CRC based on the breath test. An exploratory comparison between the breath test and faecal immunochemical test (FIT) will also be carried out to assess whether combining both tests improves diagnostic performance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The COBRA2 study is a multicentre, case-control development and validation study. Breath samples will be collected from participants attending hospital for a planned colonoscopy (control group) or from participants with histologically confirmed colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRC group). A total of 720 participants (470 controls, 250 CRC) will be recruited. All participants will maintain a clear fluid diet for a minimum of 4-6 h prior to sampling, which will take place at outpatient clinics to avoid bowel preparation. The FIT result will be recorded where available. Breath samples will be analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to identify the VOCs present. Relationships between VOCs of interest and presence of CRC will be explored, and the CPM will be developed using statistical and machine learning methods. We will also assess whether incorporating FIT into the CPM improves diagnostic performance. The CPM will be subsequently validated in an independent sample of up to 250 participants (125 controls, 125 CRC) using the same case-control design and the potential clinical utility of decision rules for triaging will be assessed. If successful, broad validation in an unselected target population of symptomatic patients is required.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The non-invasive breath test may provide direct patient benefit through earlier and accurate detection of CRC, and higher patient acceptability. It can help ensure timely secondary care referral, potentially translating to improved curative treatment and survival for patients.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05844514).</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"1230"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factor analysis and predictive model development for secondary failure of platelet recovery following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.","authors":"Xiru Peng, Juan Cheng","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14653-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-025-14653-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Secondary failure of platelet recovery (SFPR) is a common complication following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), occurring in approximately 20% of cases, and is closely associated with poor patient prognosis. The purpose of this study is to analyze the risk factors associated with SFPR following allo-HSCT, develop a nomogram-based predictive model for SFPR, and validate its accuracy. Clinical data of patients who underwent allo-HSCT in the Department of Hematology at the First Hospital of Lanzhou University from January 2016 to December 2023 were collected. Variables with P < 0.05 in univariate analysis were included in a logistic multivariate stepwise regression to identify the final variables for the model. An SFPR nomogram prediction model was developed using R software and internally validated using the Bootstrap method. The accuracy of the prediction model was assessed through receiver operating characteristic(ROC) and calibration curves, while decision curve analysis evaluated its clinical predictive performance. Based on the body mass index(BMI), chromosome karyotype, transplant type, acute graft-versus-host disease(aGVHD) and post-transplant Interleukin-6(IL-6) and Procalcitonin(PCT), the predicted area under the ROC curve of SFPR is 0.778 (95% CI 0.697-0.858). The absolute error between the predicted risk of SFPR and the actual risk is 0.019. The SFPR nomogram prediction model developed in this study exhibits high accuracy and excellent predictive efficiency, thereby possessing significant clinical guidance value.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"1233"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the effectiveness of gratitude intervention and behavioral activation technique in breast cancer patients: a randomized trial.","authors":"Hanie Shariatmadari, Zahra Taheri-Kharameh, Noora Kamaliuon, Bahram Ali Ghanbari Hashem Abadi, Mahmoud Shokouhi-Tabar","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14492-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-025-14492-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"1226"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144727950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current practices in HPV-related anogenital neoplasia care in Europe - a survey analysis.","authors":"Mayura Nathan, Kimon Chatzistamatiou, Niccolo Gallio, Carmela Cappello, Paula Loughlin, Susanne Bock, Jose Luis Blanco, Elena Sendagorta, Isabelle Etienney, Andreia Albuquerque, Pedro Vieira-Baptista, Peter T Schmidt, Murat Gultekin, Magali Surmont, Sarah Ahmad, Julie Bowring, Deirdre Lyons, Tamzin Cuming, Mario Preti, Maggie E Cruickshank","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14564-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14564-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human papillomavirus (HPV) is causally related to neoplasia in multiple anogenital zones including anal, vulval, vaginal, and cervical areas in women. Care for anogenital neoplasia involves multiple specialist fields. Women with a history of cervical neoplasia are at increased risk of multiple anogenital neoplasias and second cancers occur in the anogenital zones. Results of a survey on current management practices across Europe are presented.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A questionnaire was developed by iterative process and circulated amongst specialists in all fields associated with anogenital neoplasia. Data was recorded and analysed using Microsoft Excel/Stata.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>316/430 (73.5%) respondents collaborated with colleagues to provide care, but only 27.0% were engaged in full multidisciplinary team meetings (MDT). Second cancers were observed both in the same anatomical zone (56.5%) as well as in different anatomical zones (45.3%) by the respondents. The survey identifies significant variability in clinician workload, experience and screening practices. Low utilisation of high-resolution anoscopy (HRA) by specialists (14.9%) indicate lack of standardisation of practices, though some (12.7%) expressed interest in training in HRA. 24.4% did not offer treatment for anogenital neoplasia, while those who treated utilised multiple modes of treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Recognition of multizonal anogenital neoplasia and the risk of second cancers, and new data on successful treatment of anal neoplasia have led to the assessment of expertise amongst Europe's specialists. Enhanced HRA training, improved guidelines and robust follow-up protocols are essential to optimising care. A concerted effort is needed to align professional development, workload standards and clinical practices across Europe.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"1223"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144727951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of 1p/19q state in glioma by integrated deep learning method based on MRI radiomics.","authors":"Fengda Li, Zeyi Li, Hong Xu, Gang Kong, Ze Zhang, Kaiyuan Cheng, Longyuan Gu, Lei Hua","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14454-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14454-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To predict the 1p/19q molecular status of Lower-grade glioma (LGG) patients nondestructively, this study developed a deep learning (DL) approach using radiomic to provide a potential decision aid for clinical determination of molecular stratification of LGG.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study retrospectively collected images and clinical data of 218 patients diagnosed with LGG between July 2018 and July 2022, including 155 cases from The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA) database and 63 cases from a regional medical centre. Patients' clinical data and MRI images were collected, including contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images and T2-weighted images. After pre-processing the image data, tumour regions of interest (ROI) were segmented by two senior neurosurgeons. In this study, an Ensemble Convolutional Neural Network (ECNN) was proposed to predict the 1p/19q status. This method, consisting of Variational Autoencoder (VAE), Information Gain (IG) and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), is compared with four machine learning algorithms (Random Forest, Decision Tree, K-Nearest Neighbour, Gaussian Neff Bayes). Fivefold cross-validation was used to evaluate and calibrate the model. Precision, recall, accuracy, F1 score and area under the curve (AUC) were calculated to assess model performance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our cohort comprises 118 patients diagnosed with 1p/19q codeletion and 100 patients diagnosed with 1p/19q non-codeletion. The study findings indicate that the ECNN method demonstrates excellent predictive performance on the validation dataset. Our model achieved an average precision of 0.981, average recall of 0.980, average F1-score of 0.981, and average accuracy of 0.981. The average area under the curve (AUC) for our model is 0.994, surpassing that of the other four traditional machine learning algorithms (AUC: 0.523-0.702). This suggests that the model based on the ECNN algorithm performs well in distinguishing the 1p/19q molecular status of LGG patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The deep learning model based on conventional MRI radiomic integrates VAE and IG methods. Compared with traditional machine learning algorithms, it shows the best performance in the prediction of 1p/19q molecular co-deletion status. It may become a potentially effective tool for non-invasively and effectively identifying molecular features of lower-grade glioma in the future, providing an important reference for clinicians to formulate individualized diagnosis and treatment plans.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"1228"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144727952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of nutritional status of patients receiving chemotherapy: sample from European Gaza hospital.","authors":"Samah E El-Najjar, Ihab A Naser, Kanan M Al-Wahidi, Ashraf J Shaqalaih","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14571-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14571-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cancer treatment itself and particularly chemotherapy unavoidably affects host cells, often producing a variety of side effects, e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and fever, and further decreases in appetite, physical activity, and body weight. These effects, combined with biochemical and histological injuries to major organ systems, may result in a profound nutritional insufficiency. This study aimed to determine the nutritional status of patients receiving chemotherapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective study was conducted among 64 adults newly diagnosed cancer patients of various sites, admitted to the Oncology Department at European Gaza Hospital (EGH), and scheduled for the first cycle of chemotherapy. The nutritional status of each patient was assessed using the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) and anthropometry before commencing the first cycle of the chemotherapy regimen (pre) and after completing the chemotherapy regimen (post). Additionally, biochemical and dietary intake assessments were also performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nutritional status worsened after the completion of a chemotherapy regimen. It has been found that 80.3% of patients suffered from malnutrition (moderate and severe) after the completion of the chemotherapy regimen based on SGA in comparison to 35.9% who were malnourished before commencing the first cycle of chemotherapy. The results reported the presence of a functional vitamin B12 deficiency, such that there is a drastic reduction in serum vitamin B12 levels (355.0(IQR 115.0) to 219.0(IQR 177.0) pg/mL, P < 0.001), accompanied by a significant increase in it is related metabolites methylmalonic acid (MMA) (3.9(IQR 3.0) to 49.7(IQR 32.0) ng/mL, P < 0.001), and homocysteine (Hcy) (3.90(IQR 0.85) to 12.60(IQR 7.05) ng/mL, P < 0.001) after the completion of chemotherapy regimen. Dietary intake in terms of macronutrients and micronutrients changed significantly after the completion of chemotherapy regimen.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cancer patients who received chemotherapy were at risk of malnutrition hence it is a wise practice to conduct thoroughly and deep nutritional assessment for each patient at the baseline, during treatment and after the completion of chemotherapy regimen.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"1224"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144727949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in urinary tract cancer incidence in Golestan province, Iran: a 16-year population-based study.","authors":"Behnaz Rahatijafarabad, AmirHoushang Poorkhani, Fatemeh Esfandiari, SeyyedMehdi Sedaghat, Fatemeh Ghasemi-Kebria, Susan Hasanpour-Heidari, Saeid Amirkhanlou, Gholamreza Roshandel","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14641-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-025-14641-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"1227"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144727955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of smoking on breast cancer screening results in female population: a study in Wu wei, China.","authors":"Qian Sun, Junguo Hu, Yancheng Ye, Li Ma, Xiaoqian Zhang, Rui Yang, Yue Huang","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14586-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14586-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Based on Anderson model theory, a pathway analysis model of breast cancer screening population in this region was constructed to explore the impact of smoking on breast cancer screening results, in order to provide reference for refining breast cancer screening strategies and programs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Firstly, the distribution of each variable in terms of whether breast related diseases were detected was described by single factor analysis. Then, based on the results of factor screening, a screening outcome pathway analysis model for female breast cancer screening population in 2021-2023 was constructed to determine the influence path and influence coefficient of smoking on breast cancer screening results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,792 female residents participated in breast cancer screening between 2021 and 2023, and 353 were detected with breast related disease, a detection rate of 19.7%. The result of path analysis model shows that the overall model fits well (RMSEA<0.001、CFI = 1.000、TLI = 1.001、SRMR = 0.024). The most significant variable of propensity characteristic dimension is the highest education (t=-2.135,P = 0.033); The significant variable in the dimension of medical behavior was smoking (t = 2.504,P = 0.012). The path coefficient indicates that the female population with lower education and smoking is more likely to detect mamma-related lesions in the screening population. In addition to the direct effect of smoking on the detection of mast-related lesions (effect size - 0.105), smoking also acted as a mediating variable to mediate the indirect effect of the highest education on the detection of mast-related lesions (effect size - 0.016).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of this study confirmed the impact of smoking on breast cancer screening results, suggesting that health workers should further strengthen the publicity and education of residents on smoking cessation, optimize local screening strategies, and strengthen local residents' awareness of primary cancer prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"1225"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144727954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stage at diagnosis and tumor characteristics among young women and men with breast cancer, in Ethiopia and Sweden, a descriptive cross-sectional study.","authors":"Tove Ekdahl Hjelm, Tewodros Yalew Gebremariam, Mahlet Fekadu Weldearegay, Moti Sori, Marcus Bauer, Bethlehem Ayele Getachew, Mathewos Assefa, Endale Anberber, Hidaya Yahya Mohammed, Eva Johanna Kantelhardt, Sara Margolin, Annika Lindblom, Senait Ashenafi, Jenny Löfgren","doi":"10.1186/s12885-025-14614-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12885-025-14614-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breast cancer patients diagnosed in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are generally younger, and present with more advanced stage of disease, than those in high-income countries. In addition, male breast cancer appears to be more prevalent in SSA. Young women and men are typically not included in national mammography screening programs. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to compare clinical and pathological data from a breast-cancer-patient cohort not covered by mammography screening, in a low-income country in SSA (Ethiopia), to a similar patient cohort from a high-income country in Europe (Sweden).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Women (< 40 years) and men (all ages) with breast cancer were recruited in Ethiopia and Sweden. Patient- and tumor data was collected. In Ethiopia, 100 study participants were recruited prospectively from the Departments of Surgery and Oncology at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital. In Sweden, 100 study participants were enrolled retrospectively from the Department of Oncology at Södersjukhuset, Stockholm.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ethiopian and Swedish study participants were diagnosed in tumor stage I (3.3% vs 27.0%), stage II (33.7% vs 45.0%), stage III (44.6% vs 23%), and stage IV (18.5% vs 5.0%). This represents a significant difference in stage distribution between groups (p < 0.001). A majority of the cases were ER-positive (79.5% in Ethiopia and 69.0% in Sweden, p = 0.08). The ER- and/or PgR-positive/HER2-negative subtype was the most common in both groups: (68.0% in Ethiopian patients and 47.5% in Swedish patients). The HER2-positive (any ER) subtype accounted for 20.5% in Ethiopia and 26.7% in Sweden, while triple-negative breast cancer accounted for 11.5% (Ethiopia) and 25.7% (Sweden).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There were large disparities in stage at diagnosis between Ethiopian and Swedish young women and men with breast cancer, with a higher proportion of late-stage disease seen in Ethiopians although, due to young age/male sex, none of the Swedish cases were diagnosed in the national mammography screening program. There was a high rate of ER-positive breast cancer at both sites, and the triple-negative subtype was more than twice as common in Swedish patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9131,"journal":{"name":"BMC Cancer","volume":"25 1","pages":"1222"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144727953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}