Escritos de psicologia最新文献

{"title":"Intervenciones asistidas por animales y calidad de vida: expectativas en estudiantes universitarios españoles","authors":"M. A. Perea-Mediavilla, J. López-Cepero, Arcadio Tejada-Roldán, José Luis Sarasola","doi":"10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2014.1909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2014.1909","url":null,"abstract":"The present study assessed expectations among university students (N= 474, X= 22.7, SD=5.6 years) towards the possible benefits of animal-assisted interventions on quality of life. Attitudes were measured with the Improving Quality of Life scale, which is an instrument created ad hoc that demonstrated adequate psychometric properties (four easily interpretable factors, with 49% of explained variance and alphas ranging from .76 to .89). The results showed that the participants (from the departments of Social, Health or Educational Sciences) had very positive attitudes (high effect sizes, ES>.80) regardless of training. The experience of sharing households with pets was associated with better expectations. These findings emphasize the high expectations that future professionals in different fields hold regarding animal-assisted interventions, and highlight the current shortcomings in training curricula. The implications of these findings for the development of animal-assisted interventions are discussed.","PeriodicalId":91253,"journal":{"name":"Escritos de psicologia","volume":"65 1","pages":"10-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70891887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Children's preferences for gender-typed objects and colours: a commentary from gender research in Spain","authors":"Raúl Navarro","doi":"10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2014.2210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2014.2210","url":null,"abstract":"The main aim of this review was to examine international research on children’s preferences regarding gender-typed objects and colours. Firstly, we provide the theoretical background on gender development to elucidate the ways in which individuals can learn gender stereotypes and develop gender-related preferences. Secondly, we review international research on gender-related preferences. Thirdly, we analyse empirical studies on gender stereotypes in children conducted in Spain and Latin American countries, and show that although gender is a priority research area in these countries, studies on gender development in childhood are lacking. Thus, our aim was to identify a set of issues that provide insights into the development of gender-typed preferences, and that also suggest new directions for researchers in Spanish-speaking countries who are interested in clarifying the relationship between gender and children’s preferences for objects and colours.","PeriodicalId":91253,"journal":{"name":"Escritos de psicologia","volume":"7 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70891835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“No quiero que me rechacen”: experiencias sobre la revelación del estado serológico a las parejas sexuales en hombres VIH-positivos que tienen sexo con hombres","authors":"Percy Fernández-Dávila, Adriana Morales-Carmona","doi":"10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2014.2306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2014.2306","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEste estudio busca comprender como se gestiona la revelacion del estado serologico a las parejas sexuales a partir de las experiencias de un grupo de hombres VIH-positivos que tienen sexo con hombres. Asimismo, busca explorar la aceptabilidad de la revelacion del seroestatus como estrategia de prevencion. Se realizo un estudio cualitativo. Participaron 78 hombres (27-65 anos): 35 en entrevistas individuales y 43 en cinco grupos de discusion, en las ciudades de Barcelona, Madrid y Palma de Mallorca. El enfoque de la Teoria Fundamentada fue utilizado para analizar los datos. La conducta de revelar el seroestatus a las parejas sexuales no fue usual. Las principales razones para no revelar este dato fueron: tener sexo con condon, miedo a frustrar el encuentro sexual, miedo al rechazo sexual y miedo a ser estigmatizado. Entre quienes revelaron su seroestatus, consideraron para hacerlo: la edad de la pareja sexual, el tipo de pareja sexual y la intensidad del vinculo. La opcion de preguntar y/o revelar el seroestatus a las parejas sexuales como una estrategia de prevencion, fue rechazada por la mayoria de participantes por considerarla estigmatizante. Fomentar la revelacion del seroestatus no seria una estrategia que se pueda implementar en Espana mientras no se “normalice” en el conjunto de la sociedad la situacion de las personas VIH-positivas. EnglishThis study investigated how a group of HIV-positive men-who-have-sex-with-men manage the disclosure of HIV status to their sexual partners, and also explored the acceptability of serostatus disclosure as a prevention strategy. A qualitative study was conducted in Barcelona, Madrid, and Palma de Mallorca with 78 men (aged 27-65). In total, 35 men were interviewed individually and 43 men took part in five discussion groups. The grounded theory approach was used to analyse the data. Disclosure of HIV-status to sexual partners, regardless of condom use, was uncommon among the participants. The main reasons for not disclosing were: having sex with condom, fear of ruining the sexual encounter, fear of sexual rejection, and fear of being stigmatized. Among those who disclosed their serostatus, certain considerations were taken into account when taking the decision to do so: the age of the sexual partner, the type of sexual partner, and the intensity of the bond. Asking about and/or disclosing HIV status to sexual partners as a prevention strategy was rejected by most participants as stigmatizing. The promotion of disclosing HIV serostatus is not a strategy that can be implemented in Spain while the situation of people living with HIV remains non-normalized throughout Spanish society.","PeriodicalId":91253,"journal":{"name":"Escritos de psicologia","volume":"7 1","pages":"44-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70891492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Características de la violencia de género en la Universidad de Valencia","authors":"F. Sala, Belén Mora Valero","doi":"10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2014.0906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2014.0906","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen es: El presente estudio tiene como objetivo conocer la prevalencia de la violencia de genero en la universidad de Valencia, el perfil de la victima, recursos...","PeriodicalId":91253,"journal":{"name":"Escritos de psicologia","volume":"7 1","pages":"36-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2014.0906","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70891676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dilemas Sociales y Reciprocidad Indirecta: Una revisión sistemática","authors":"Cristian Acosta, María Victoria Ortiz, Romina Revilla, Cecilia Reyna","doi":"10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2014.2104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2014.2104","url":null,"abstract":"espanolUna de las teorias evolutivas que versa sobre el altruismo y la cooperacion en dilemas sociales es la de reciprocidad indirecta, la cual incorpora a la explicacion de la cooperacion la informacion sobre la reputacion que tienen otras personas sobre si son cooperativos o no. En este trabajo se revisan de manera sistematica los estudios empiricos sobre reciprocidad indirecta en situaciones de dilema social desarrollados hasta la actualidad. Para ello se consultaron las siguientes bases de datos: ScienceDirect, EBSCO y OVID, y se utilizaron las palabras claves “indirect reciprocity” AND “dilema” OR “cooperation” OR “charity”. Se seleccionaron un total de 23 articulos que cumplian con los criterios de inclusion establecidos por los autores (articulos en ingles y con metodologia basada en juegos experimentales). De los articulos seleccionados se analizan las teorias, los objetivos y las muestras de participantes mayormente utilizados, y los principales resultados reportados. Los resultados de la revision muestran que los juegos mas utilizados han sido el de reciprocidad indirecta y el juego de bienes publicos, los cuales pueden tener variaciones en funcion de los objetivos. Se evidencia que la reputacion es una variable esencial que ayuda a fomentar la cooperacion. A su vez, la informacion de la cooperacion previa ayuda a construir la reputacion e interviene en la decision posterior de cooperar de los sujetos. Se destaca la necesidad de avanzar en estudios experimentales que permitan esclarecer las dinamicas de la reciprocidad indirecta incorporando otras variables explicativas, evaluandolas en nuevos contextos. EnglishIndirect reciprocity is an evolutionary theory of altruism and cooperation in social dilemmas. Its explanation of cooperation incorporates information on the reputation people hold of other people regarding whether they are cooperative or not. This study systematically reviewed the current empirical literature on indirect reciprocity in social dilemma situations. The following databases were consulted: ScienceDirect, EBSCO, and OVID, using has key words \"indirect reciprocity\" AND \"dilemma\" OR \"cooperation\" OR \"charity\". Twenty-three articles were selected which met the inclusion criteria (papers written in English and studies whose methodology was based on experimental games) and the theories, objectives, the main types of samples used, and main results were analyzed. The results show that the games used were the indirect reciprocity and public goods games, which may vary according to the objectives. It was found that reputation is a key variable that helps to promote cooperation. In turn, information on previous cooperation helps to build reputation, which is subsequently involved in the decision to cooperate with others. Finally, we highlight the need for more experimental studies that incorporate other explanatory variables and evaluate them in new contexts.","PeriodicalId":91253,"journal":{"name":"Escritos de psicologia","volume":"7 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2014.2104","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70891792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La importancia de comenzar a investigar el rol del establecimiento de conexiones entre enunciados en la comprensión del discurso oral expositivo","authors":"Jazmín Cevasco","doi":"10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2013.2306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2013.2306","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen es: El objetivo de este trabajo es senalar las aportaciones que los estudios acerca de la comprension del discurso escrito expositivo, el discurso oral no ex...","PeriodicalId":91253,"journal":{"name":"Escritos de psicologia","volume":"7 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70891615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Análisis del proceso migratorio de las familias colombianas en España","authors":"Adelina Gimeno Collado, María Mercedes Lafuente Benaches, F. Sala","doi":"10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2013.2111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2013.2111","url":null,"abstract":"espanolSe analiza la migracion como proceso centrado en la familia transnacional, segun relato de sus protagonistas: migrantes - padres e hijos - y familiares en Colombia. Se parte del modelo sistemico y de la metodologia de la Grounded-Theory. El proceso se desencadena por una combinacion de factores de empuje y de llamada; los pioneros, mayoritariamente mujeres, poseen un perfil muy variado. Destaca la dificultad de sus primeras experiencias, que mejoran gracias a sus apoyos externos y a su teson. A pesar de las dificultades del proceso de aculturacion, el balance realizado es positivo, sobre todo por la esperanza puesta en los hijos, que tras las dificultades iniciales desean permanecer en Espana. Los hijos viven las peculiaridades de su propio proceso, pero no hay conflictos que deriven de sus diferentes niveles de aculturacion. Todos anhelan una mayor acogida espanola, aunque agradecen los apoyos recibidos. Las metas y el progreso se producen en el ambito privado: la familia, pero faltan, tanto la conciencia de grupo, como una accion social conjunta; tampoco hay proyectos para mejorar el entorno de origen o para mejorar la integracion en el pais de destino. EnglishThis study analyses migration as a process centred on the transnational family as told by its main characters: migrants – parents and children –¬ and their families in Colombia. The study is based on the systematic model and methodology of the Grounded Theory approach. The migration process is triggered by a combination of push and pull factors. The pioneers, mainly women, have very diverse profiles. We highlight the difficulty of their first experiences, which they overcome via personal tenacity and external support. Despite the difficulties of the acculturation process, the overall outcome is positive, especially regarding their expectations for their children, who wish to stay in Spain having overcome the initial challenges of adaptation. Children experience their own acculturation process, but there is no conflict between children and parents despite their different acculturation levels. Despite hopes that their integration process Spain would have been better, they are thankful for the support received. Decisions are made and adaptation occurs in the private domain, i.e., the family; however, there is a lack of group awareness or joint social action to improve conditions in the country of origin or to improve integration in the host country.","PeriodicalId":91253,"journal":{"name":"Escritos de psicologia","volume":"7 1","pages":"31-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2013.2111","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70891458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facing social inequality: The role of legitimacy and group identification","authors":"Gloria Jiménez-Moya, Rosa Rodríguez-Bailón","doi":"10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2013.1511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2013.1511","url":null,"abstract":"Social inequality has been widespread throughout human history. Nevertheless, some members of disadvantaged groups have challenged the prevailing social order with the aim of improving their group position in the social hierarchy. However, not every individual is willing to take part in this struggle. The question is, what factors lead to the fight against social inequality? In this study, we focus on the role of the perception of legitimacy and group identification in this process, as well as on collective action as one of the most direct strategies to fight inequality .","PeriodicalId":91253,"journal":{"name":"Escritos de psicologia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70891513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Teoría de la mente y empatía como predictores de conductas disociales en la adolescencia","authors":"Olber Eduardo Arango Tobón, Paula Andrea Montoya Zuluaga, I. Lopera, José Wilmar Sánchez Duque","doi":"10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2013.2810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2013.2810","url":null,"abstract":"It has been proposed that the characteristics of theory of mind and empathy are important predictors of behavioural disorders during childhood and adolescence. This study compared a group of teenagers with the characteristics of antisocial behavior disorder and a group of teenagers as controls in terms of their performance on tests assessing the theory of mind and empathy, with the further aim of establishing risk and protective factors predictive of the development of antisocial behavior during adolescence. There were significant statistical differences between the two groups on the theory of mind and empathy tests. The dimension of empathy known as as perspective taking as well as the adolescent’s skills in understanding mental and emotional states were established as protective factors according to the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test.","PeriodicalId":91253,"journal":{"name":"Escritos de psicologia","volume":"73 1","pages":"20-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70891632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vínculo materno-fetal: implicaciones en el desarrollo psicológico y propuesta de intervención en atención temprana","authors":"Claudia Patricia Roncallo, M. Miguel, E. Freijo","doi":"10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2015.0706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2015.0706","url":null,"abstract":"Health research has identified maternal-foetal bonding as a significant antecedent of post-natal bonding between mother and baby. Maternal-foetal bonding is associated with the emotional and cognitive aspects that allow the foetus to be recreated as another human being. This bond is expressed in health practices aimed at the protection and welfare of the foetus. It has been observed that the psychological state of the mother affects the foetus at the neurobehavioral level and influences the appearance of developmental disorders that also manifest in the post-natal period, thereby significantly affecting the mother-baby relationship. Thus, early intervention practices could be extended to the prenatal period as a prevention strategy to favourably impact the health of the child and mother. To address this issue, we present an interdisciplinary intervention model, which focuses on maternal-foetal bonding as a protective factor for bonding during the postnatal period, and as an enhancer of positive parenting practices that promote healthy psychological development.","PeriodicalId":91253,"journal":{"name":"Escritos de psicologia","volume":"8 1","pages":"14-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2015.0706","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70892322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}