Escritos de psicologia最新文献

{"title":"Efectos de las operaciones motivadoras en una conducta autolesiva mediante las presesiones","authors":"David Simó-Pinatella, Elisabeth Alomar-Kurz, Josep Font-Roura, C. Giné, Peter McGill","doi":"10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2015.0107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2015.0107","url":null,"abstract":"En este estudio se exploran los efectos de las operaciones motivadoras sobre la ocurrencia de la conducta autolesiva que presenta una mujer de 42 anos con discapacidad intelectual. El analisis funcional muestra que la conducta se mantiene por refuerzo social positivo (atencion y tangible) y por refuerzo automatico. Se ha utilizado un diseno multiple en la intervencion con el fin de explorar los efectos de las presesiones (acceso y no acceso a atencion) en la frecuencia con la que se manifiesta dicha conducta. Los resultados obtenidos en la intervencion muestran como la operacion motivadora actua como operacion de abolicion reduciendo la frecuencia con la que sucede la conducta analizada. El estudio concluye enfatizando en el uso de estrategias preventivas para evitar las conductas problematicas, asi como en la necesidad de realizar una evaluacion funcional para comprender la naturaleza de las conductas problematicas y disenar planes de intervencion que ayuden a minimizarlas. Palabras Clave: Conductas Problematicas; Analisis Funcional; Operaciones Motivadoras; Discapacidad Intelectual; Caso Clinico; Experimento de Caso Unico. This study explored the effects of motivating operations on the self-harming behaviour of a 42-year-old woman with intellectual disabilities. Functional analysis showed that her behaviour was maintained by positive social (attention and tangible) and automatic  reinforcement. A multielement design was used to explore presession effects (access to attention and attention deprivation) on the frequency of the behaviour. The results showed that when access to attention was presented to the participant, the frequency of the behaviour decreased, suggesting the action of an abolishing operation. In conclusion, the use of preventive strategies to treat problem behaviours are emphasised, as well as the need for a functional assessment to understand the nature of these behaviours and to design intervention plans aimed at minimizing such behaviour. Key Words: Problem Behaviour; Functional Analysis; Motivating Operations; Intellectual Disabilities; Clinical Case; Single Case Experiment.","PeriodicalId":91253,"journal":{"name":"Escritos de psicologia","volume":"8 1","pages":"58-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70892143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estrategias de afrontamiento en adultos mayores en función de variables sociodemográficas","authors":"T. Rodríguez, Alicia Sales Galán, Encarnación Satorres Pons, Clara Blasco Igual","doi":"10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2015.2904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2015.2904","url":null,"abstract":"Para conseguir la adaptacion a los cambios que se producen en el envejecimiento se ponen en marcha una serie de estrategias de afrontamiento. En este estudio, 275 adultos mayores, que acuden a un centro de mayores a realizar actividades, respondieron a una serie de datos sociodemograficos y al Cuestionario de Afrontamiento del Estres (CAE) mediante una entrevista semiestructurada. El objetivo es analizar el uso de las estrategias de afrontamiento en funcion de diversas variables sociodemograficas, mediante el uso de correlaciones, pruebas t y ANOVAs. Los resultados mostraron una relacion positiva y significativa entre la edad y la religion, y se observaron diferencias en funcion del genero, del estado civil, del nivel de estudios y en funcion del nivel de ingresos. Como conclusion puede decirse que a medida que aumenta la edad la estrategia religion es mas utilizada; las mujeres hacen mayor uso de la evitacion, la busqueda de apoyo social y la religion; los solteros utilizan mas la busqueda de apoyo social y la reevaluacion positiva, mientras que los viudos hacen mayor uso de la religion; las personas con estudios inferiores utilizan mas la autofocalizacion negativa y la evitacion y las personas con mayores ingresos utilizan mas la estrategia focalizado en solucion de problemas, y aquellos con ingresos inferiores hacen mayor uso de la estrategia religion. Palabras Clave: Adultos Mayores; Adaptacion; Estrategias de Afrontamiento; Variables Sociodemograficas. Coping strategies are used to adapt to the changes that occur during aging. This study investigated 275 older adults who attended a senior citizen’s centre. They provided sociodemographic data and answered the Stress Coping Questionnaire (SCQ) in a semistructured interview. The aim was to analyse the use of coping strategies based in several sociodemographic variables, using correlations, t tests, and ANOVAs. The results showed a positive and significant association between age and religion, and differences were found in gender, marital status, educational attainment, and income level. In conclusion, as age increases, religion is most commonly used coping strategy; women make greater use of avoidance, seek social support, and use religion; singles mainly seek social support and positive reappraisal; widowers make greater use of religion; people with a lower level of education use more negative self-targeting and avoidance; people with higher incomes mainly use strategies centred on solving problems; and those with low incomes make greater use of religion. Key Words: Older Adults; Adaptation; Coping Strategies; Sociodemographic Variables.","PeriodicalId":91253,"journal":{"name":"Escritos de psicologia","volume":"8 1","pages":"26-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70893105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tratamiento de un caso de disfunción eréctil mediante terapia de pareja y terapia sexual","authors":"L. V. Aguayo, Jonatán Bernet Carrero","doi":"10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2015.1806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2015.1806","url":null,"abstract":"En este estudio de caso unico se presenta el tratamiento de un varon de 22 anos afectado por un trastorno de disfuncion erectil. La evaluacion inicial evidencio problemas en la relacion de pareja como base de los problemas de ereccion del hombre, por lo que se decidio combinar un trabajo en sesion mediante terapia sistemica de pareja con ambos miembros, y al mismo tiempo diversas tecnicas conductuales de terapia sexual (egoismo sexual, focalizacion sensorial), y tambien instrucciones y ejercicios para realizar en casa. Esta combinacion de terapias tenia por objetivos tratar el problema de disfuncion erectil del hombre, y al mismo tiempo mejorar la relacion de pareja para que ello repercutiese en ese problema sexual. Se realizo un diseno de caso unico mediante la evaluacion continua de linea-base del funcionamiento sexual a traves de autorregistros diarios sobre su desempeno y satisfaccion con la relacion sexual. Ademas se realizo una evaluacion pre, post y seguimiento con diversos cuestionarios especificos. El proceso terapeutico se completo en siete sesiones a lo largo de tres meses, y una de seguimiento un ano despues. Los resultados de los cuestionarios muestran el exito del tratamiento y su mantenimiento posterior, ademas los datos de evaluacion continua demuestran tambien ese efecto progresivo del tratamiento. Al finalizar el caso ya no habia disfuncion erectil y si una satisfaccion total de la pareja con sus relaciones personales y sexuales. Palabras Clave: Disfuncion Erectil; Terapia Sexual; Terapia Sistemica; Terapia Pareja; Caso Unico. This article presents a single-case study of a 22-year-old man with erectile dysfunction. The first assessment revealed problems within his relationship as the basis of the disorder. Systemic couple therapy sessions were conducted with both members in combination with several behavioural sex therapy techniques (sexual egoism, sensorial focusing), and instructions and exercises as homework. This mix of therapies had the goal of treating both the erectile disorder and the relationship to improve the sexual problem. A single-case design was used with the continuous assessment of sexual functioning through daily self-reports on sexual performance and satisfaction. Pre-post assessment was conducted with several specific questionnaires. The therapeutic process was completed in seven sessions over three months and in a follow-up session one year later. The results of questionnaires demonstrated the success of the treatment, which was maintained at follow-up. The data obtained from the continuous assessment also showed the progressive effect of the treatment. The clinical process ended with the complete remission of erectile dysfunction and the total satisfaction of the couple with their personal and sexual relationships. Key Words: Erectile Dysfunction; Sex Therapy; Systemic Therapy; Couple; Case Study.","PeriodicalId":91253,"journal":{"name":"Escritos de psicologia","volume":"8 1","pages":"48-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2015.1806","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70893120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relaciones entre las Escalas de Personalidad Karolinska y los nuevos factores y facetas del Cuestionario de Personalidad de Zuckerman- Kuhlman-Aluja","authors":"Sergio Escorial, A. Aluja, F. García, Oscar García, Angel Blanch","doi":"10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2015.2304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2015.2304","url":null,"abstract":"Psychobiological models of personality are of great use in clinical and research settings given their potential to construct working hypotheses on biological and behavioural correlates, as well as to predict vulnerability to mental disorders. Two personality models are rooted in this psychobiological tradition: Zuckermans Alternative Five Factors and the Karolinska Personality Scales (KSP). A new instrument (ZKA-PQ) has been recently developed by Aluja, Kuhlman & Zuckerman (2010) to measure the Alternative Five Factors. The ZKA-PQ incorporates four new facets by each trait. This article analyses areas of overlap and differences between the ZKA-PQ and Karolinska Personality Scales. The total sample comprised 584 subjects (294 men and 290 women). The results suggest that sensation seeking (ZKA-PQ) is mainly associated with monotony avoidance (KSP), neuroticism (ZKA-PQ) with anxiety scales, aggressiveness (ZKA- PQ) with every KSP aggression scale, and extroversion (ZKA-PQ) with the detachment scale (KSP). The discussion mainly centres on the information provided by the ZKA-PQ facets beyond basic personality traits, since in certain cases they qualify these general patterns, adding relevant information on the nature of the ZKA-PQ and Karolinska scales.","PeriodicalId":91253,"journal":{"name":"Escritos de psicologia","volume":"8 1","pages":"20-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70892943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conocen los profesionales las necesidades de los padres de niños con patología del desarrollo","authors":"Cordelia Estévez Casellas, Natalia Castello Aracil, S. T. González","doi":"10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2015.1106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2015.1106","url":null,"abstract":"El impacto familiar de los trastornos del desarrollo es una evidencia extensamente descrita que genera intensas respuestas emocionales  en los padres y supone un complicado reajuste en las dinamicas familiares. El apoyo emocional y la ayuda psicologica a los progenitores, forma parte del desempeno profesional de los psicologos que trabajan en el campo de los problemas del desarrollo, ya que esta intervencion revertira en la calidad de atencion y en la estabilidad del nino con dificultades. Es fundamental conocer las necesidades de los progenitores y la importancia que les dan a estas, asi como desarrollar instrumentos validos para los profesionales en la evaluacion e intervencion de  familias. Este trabajo pretende, con  un estudio transversal descriptivo en padres, madres y profesionales, describir y comparar estas  necesidades. Se encuestaron  a 37 padres y madres de ninos con patologia del desarrollo y a 20 profesionales de diversos centros educativos y de intervencion infantil. Los resultados indican que ambos coinciden en el tipo de necesidades que tienen los padres y madres, aunque no en la valoracion de la  importancia que les dan a estas. Palabras Clave: Patologia del Desarrollo; Necesidades Familiares; Discapacidad; Impacto Familiar. Many studies have described the impact on families of children with developmental disorders, which cause a wide range of intense emotional responses in the parents and involve a difficult readjustment period regarding family dynamics. Providing parents with emotional and psychological support forms part of the work of the psychologist who specializes in childhood developmental disorders, because this type of intervention will improve the parents’ quality of attention and the stability of the children. Thus, the parent´s needs must be understood and the importance that they give to these needs. Valid tools must be developed to guide professionals during the evaluation of these families and interventions. Using a descriptive cross-sectional design that includes parents and professionals, this article describes and compares the needs of this population. A total of 37 parents with children with a developmental disorder were interviewed, as well as 20 professionals from different schools and child intervention centres. The results suggest that both groups agree on the needs of the parents, but not on the importance that they give to them. Key Words: Developmental Pathology; Family Needs; Disabilities; Family Problems.","PeriodicalId":91253,"journal":{"name":"Escritos de psicologia","volume":"8 1","pages":"61-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70892581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Enables Self-Control? A Test of Glucose, Fructose, and Vagus Nerve Activation as Possible Factors","authors":"Elizabeth D. Clohecy, L. Standing, S. McKelvie","doi":"10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2015.1512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2015.1512","url":null,"abstract":"This study replicated the study by Miller, Bourrasseau, and Blampain (2013) on the effects of fructose and glucose on self-control. It also investigated these authors' suggestion that self-control may be under the influence of the vagus nerve, which can be activated by forceful exhalation in the Valsalva manoeuvre. The participants (N = 101) were assigned to one of five conditions: three groups that received a solution of either glucose, fructose, or a placebo sweetener (solution condition); and two groups that underwent the Valsalva manoeuvre (VM and VM-control). Participants in the solution condition groups ingested one of the three sweeteners, whereas those in the VM and VM-control conditions were required to blow or not blow into a manometer for 15 seconds, respectively. The number of anagrams that participants subsequently completed was used to assess their level of self-control. In contrast to the results obtained by Miller et al. (2013), it was found that fructose, glucose, and VM did not increase the participants' levels of self-control compared to control subjects. These negative results concur with several recent studies which document the difficulty of replicating published findings in psychology.","PeriodicalId":91253,"journal":{"name":"Escritos de psicologia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70892467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La percepción de peligro y competencia como factores predictores del prejuicio hacia diferentes grupos sociales","authors":"Joaquín Ungaretti, Edgardo Etchezahar, Silvina Brussino","doi":"10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2015.0912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2015.0912","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEl prejuicio ha sido descrito como un fenomeno generalizado ya que individuos prejuiciosos hacia determinados grupos sociales tambien suelen serlo hacia otros. Sin embargo, estudios recientes indican que la percepcion de peligro expresada por el autoritarismo del ala de derechas y la percepcion de competencia intergrupal, expresada por la orientacion a la dominancia social, podrian ser factores diferenciales en la explicacion del prejuicio generalizado. El objetivo principal de este trabajo fue analizar la dimensionalidad del prejuicio generalizado, para luego dar cuenta si el autoritarismo del ala de derechas y la orientacion a la dominancia social son predictores de diversas formas de prejuicio. Participaron del estudio 376 estudiantes universitarios de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires con edades entre 18 y 42 anos (M = 23.17; DT = 3.1), de los cuales 42,1% eran hombres. Los resultados principales indicaron la presencia de tres dimensiones que agrupaban diferentes grupos sociales, explicados diferencialmente por la orientacion a la dominancia social y el autoritarismo del ala de derechas. Estos hallazgos refuerzan la nocion del prejuicio generalizado como un fenomeno complejo y multidimensional, explicado diferencialmente por la percepcion de peligro y competencia que se manifiesta a traves de los niveles de autoritarismo y dominancia. EnglishPrejudice has been described as a generalized phenomenon because individuals who express prejudice towards certain social groups also tend to express prejudice toward other groups. However, recent studies indicate that the perception of danger expressed by right-wing authoritarians and the perception of intergroup competence expressed by individuals with a social dominance orientation could be distinguishing factors in explaining the generalized prejudice. The main aim of this study was to analyse the dimensionality of generalized prejudice and then investigate if right-wing authoritarianism and a social dominance orientation were predictors of various forms of prejudice. The sample comprised 376 college students from Buenos Aires aged between 18 and 42 years (M = 23.17, SD = 3.1), of whom 42.1% were male. The main results suggest that there are three dimensions that distinguish different social groups, which are differentially explained by a social dominance orientation and right-wing authoritarianism. These findings reinforce the notion of generalized prejudice as a complex and multidimensional phenomenon, differentially explained by the perception of danger and competence that manifests through individual levels of authoritarianism and social dominance.","PeriodicalId":91253,"journal":{"name":"Escritos de psicologia","volume":"8 1","pages":"30-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70892164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Informe pericial psicológico en tribunales de familia: análisis de su estructura, metodología y contenido","authors":"C. Rodríguez-Domínguez, Adolfo Jarne Espacia, Xavier Carbonell","doi":"10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2015.1203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2015.1203","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEn Espana, el divorcio contencioso con menores involucrados es frecuente e implica un incremento de demandas de informes psicologicos periciales. El articulo presenta el estudio de la estructura, metodologia y contenido en los informes psicologicos aportados a los tribunales de familia, por peritos privados y peritos del equipo psicosocial de los Juzgados de Familia. El objetivo fue analizar su estructura formal, caracteristicas demograficas y profesionales, metodologia, contenidos de la evaluacion, garantias y limitacion de los resultados, valoracion del profesional sobre las afirmaciones del informante en las entrevistas, recomendaciones, y pruebas psicometricas utilizadas asi como diferencias y similitudes entre los informes privados y los de los equipos psicosociales. Se administro un plantilla confeccionada por los autores a 111 expedientes contenciosos de juzgados de familia. Los resultados mostraron diferencias significativas en los contenidos de la estructuracion, metodologia, evaluacion y psicometria entre los informes privados y los informes de los equipos psicosociales. Los dictamenes se realizaron mayoritariamente por profesionales de sexo femenino, con buena preparacion especifica, bien estructurados incluyendo la recomendacion del tipo de custodia y regimen de contacto con el progenitor no custodio, la valoracion de la competencia parental y la relacion de los menores con sus familiares. EnglishIn Spain, contested divorces involving children are frequent and entail an increased demand for expert psychological reports. This article describes the structure, methodology, and content of psychological reports provided to family courts by private expert psychologists and the family court’s expert psychosocial team. The aim was to analyse the formal structure of the reports, their demographic and professional characteristics, methodology, assessment content, guarantees and limitations of the results, professional evaluation of the informant’s statements during interviews, recommendations, and psychometric tests used. The reports from the private expert psychologists and those from the expert psychosocial teams were compared and contrasted. A template constructed by the authors was used to analyse 111 family court records of contested divorces. The results showed significant differences between the two types of report in their structure, methodology, assessment content, and psychometric tests. Highly qualified women provided the majority of the expert opinions. The reports were well-structured and included recommendations on the type of custody and custody regime for the non-custodial parent, the evaluation of parental competence, and the relationship of the children with their families.","PeriodicalId":91253,"journal":{"name":"Escritos de psicologia","volume":"8 1","pages":"44-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70892636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Merging Policy Initiatives and Developmental Perspectives in Early Intervention.","authors":"M. Guralnick","doi":"10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2015.1004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2015.1004","url":null,"abstract":"The provision of early intervention services for vulnerable children and their families is now both accepted and expected by the international community. This article considers the importance of a developmental perspective as an essential guide to early intervention service systems. Emphasized in this framework are three critical features: relationship formation, the continuity of interventions, and the comprehensiveness of interventions. Guidance to early intervention systems design with respect to structural and values principles is also discussed. Future advances in early intervention may well depend upon the merging of these perspectives to create policy initiatives to enhance early intervention systems.","PeriodicalId":91253,"journal":{"name":"Escritos de psicologia","volume":"37 1","pages":"6-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80731718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estudio comparativo de ansiedad entre muestras de estudiantes dominicanos y españoles","authors":"Zoilo Emilio García-Batista, A. Cano-Vindel, Solmary Xiomara Herrera-Martínez","doi":"10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2014.1310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2014.1310","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEl objetivo de la investigacion fue comparar las manifestaciones de ansiedad entre estudiantes de medicina dominicanos y espanoles. La muestra total estuvo conformada por 160 estudiantes de ambos paises, 40 mujeres y 40 hombres en cada uno de los grupos, todos con una edad de 18 anos, seleccionados de manera no probabilistica de tipo intencional y teniendo como criterio de inclusion no haber sido diagnosticados por algun trastorno de ansiedad. Como instrumento de medicion se aplico el Inventario de Situaciones y Respuestas de Ansiedad-ISRA. Los datos fueron analizados mediante un ANOVA de dos factores (sexo y nacionalidad) el cual permitio hallar como resultado diferencias estadisticamente significativas por sexo para el sistema de respuesta cognitivo, fisiologico y nivel general de ansiedad, asi como en areas situacionales de ansiedad de evaluacion y ansiedad en situaciones cotidianas. No se hallaron diferencias significativas por nacionalidad entre ambos grupos. EnglishThe aim of this study was to compare the manifestations of anxiety in Dominican and Spanish medical students. The total sample consisted of 160 students of both nationalities (80 students per group divided into 40 men and 40 women per group). All participants were more than 18 years old and were selected using a non-probabilistic intentional sampling method. The inclusion criterion was not having been previously diagnosed with an anxiety disorder. The assessment instrument used was the Inventory of Situations and Responses of Anxiety (ISRA). Data were analysed using ANOVA to determine statistically significant differences by gender and nationality. Differences by gender were found in cognitive and physiological responses, overall level of anxiety, and situational areas of anxiety assessment and anxiety in everyday situations. No significant differences were found by nationality.","PeriodicalId":91253,"journal":{"name":"Escritos de psicologia","volume":"7 1","pages":"25-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2014.1310","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70891876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}