Archives in cancer research最新文献

{"title":"A Discrete Choice Clinical Survey and a Proposed Health Promotion Framework for Prostate Cancer in Cameroon","authors":"Kenneth Yongabi Anchang, Kyeng Mercy Tetuh, Christopher Achu Nji, Bame Sixtus, Angu Gideon Ndegeh","doi":"10.21767/2254-6081.1000153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2254-6081.1000153","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Due to the dearth of information about the burden of prostate cancer disease in Cameroon, and in respond to the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG#3) to prevent non-communicable diseases, a discrete choice clinical study of prostate cancer with the aim to determine the incidence, the associated risk factors and comparative diagnostic tools among males in the North- West region of Cameroon was undertaken. Methodology: A cross-sectional simple random sampling was conducted on 231 male volunteers from five health communities in Bamenda, aged ≥ 40 years. A structured questionnaire was issued to participants prior to screening through which demographic and lifestyle information was gotten. Serum free Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) was analyzed and digital rectal examination (DRE) performed by a license medical doctor during routine consultation at the Phyto-biotechnology Research Foundation (PRF) integrated centre via an exit poll. The diagnostic criteria stated as PSA value greater than 4 ng/ml or if digital rectal examination was suspicious for cancer. Biopsy was not done. Results: Out of the 231 men who consented via an exit poll, 45 (19.5%) had a PSA value greater than 4 ng/ml and 68 (28.1%) had a suspicious digital rectal examination. There was a statistical significance between PSA and DRE with a p=0.001. Furthermore, 22 (9.5%) of the males had a PSA of greater than 4 ng/ml and a suspicious DRE. A statistical significance was also established between PSA and DRE with age groups with a p=0.007 and a p=0.001 respectively. No statistical significance was seen with family history of cancer, type of underwear, bicycle riding and physical exercise. Conclusion: The study indicated less than 50% prevalence rate for the men screened, but the 28.1% prevalence level going by DRE may suggest the growing incidence of prostatitis and or benign prostate hyperplasia. Although biopsies are considered the ideal routine observation, this study suggests that PSA marker and DRE determination can be used in combination with clinical features to make appropriate diagnostic decision on prostate cancer in resource limited communities. Recommendation: A health promotion framework involving individuals and communities in Cameroon on the awareness and risk factors associated with prostate cancer for men above forty in Cameroon are future preventive measures to embark upon.","PeriodicalId":91204,"journal":{"name":"Archives in cancer research","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21767/2254-6081.1000153","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68113375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liposarcoma of the Pelvis and Soft Tissues","authors":"Sarah El-Abbassi, H. Sfaoua, T. Kebdani, N. Benjaafar","doi":"10.21767/2254-6081.1000I31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2254-6081.1000I31","url":null,"abstract":"A 49-year-old man presented in the hospital with a large mass of the right buttock slowly growing for 2 years. It was associated to worsening low back pain radiating to the posterior aspect of the right hip, buttock and down to the postero-lateral aspect of the left foot. It was aggraved by sitting and walking. The patient presented also chronic constipation, dysuria and pelvic pain. A loss of appetite with weight loss was noted too. On physical assessment, a large tumor deforming the right buttock was found. It was measuring 20 cm long axis. Pelvis palpation showed a painless mass measuring 10 cm long axis simulating a full bladder. The pelvic CT scan showed a large mass of the right buttock measuring 250 mm × 140 mm. It was extending inside the pelvis through the sciatic notch. It was also well limited. The pelvic component was measuring 120 mm × 106 mm, deplacing the rectum to the left, bladder anterioly. The CT density of the mass was that of fat. Except at the posterior aspect, where there was an irregular area of higher CT density. In the view of higher CT density in one area, the diagnosis of liposarcoma was strongly suspected. No bone lysis or lymphadenopathy was found (Figures 1 and 2). CT scan of the chest and abdomen was negative for distal metastasis. The case was discussed in multidisciplinary oncological team and primary surgery was planned. At surgery, a large pelvic mass herniating through the right greater sciatic notch into the left buttock and thigh was found. Patient underwent a surgical resection. The postoperative histopathological findings confirmed the diagnosis of liposarcoma lipoma like with positive surgical margins. One month after surgery, a Pelvic Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) was performed. It showed a tumor residue measuring 36 mm × 28 mm (Figure 3). No surgical recovery was done. External beam radiotherapy of tumor bed at a radiation dose of 2 Grays (Gy) /fraction given five times weekly (Monday to Friday) to a dose of 50 Gy. A boost at the dose of 15 Gy was delivered to the tumor residue. Patient completed the treatment without any major untoward event. At the time this report was written, the patient had 6 months of follow-up. No evidence of malignacy is found.","PeriodicalId":91204,"journal":{"name":"Archives in cancer research","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21767/2254-6081.1000I31","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68123209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review on Pharmacological Activity of Amygdalin","authors":"M. Qadir, K. Fatima","doi":"10.21767/2254-6081.100160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2254-6081.100160","url":null,"abstract":"Amygdalin is obtained from the pebbles of rosaceous fruits, like apricots, almond, cherries, peaches and plums. It is a plant glucoside which is traditionally used as antitumor drug. It produces synergistic effect if it combines with conditional chemotherapy drugs. Amygdalin also used to cure many other diseases like to control asthma, improve immune system, causes apoptosis of human renal fibroblast, inhibit hyperglycemia. Amygdalin is banning to use as antitumor drug by FDA due to lack evidences of cure in case of cancer but in ancient times it is used as antitumor drug by Chinese.","PeriodicalId":91204,"journal":{"name":"Archives in cancer research","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21767/2254-6081.100160","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68124122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Orthotopic Neobladder: Does the Length of the Isoperistaltic LimbMatter?","authors":"A. Moeen, D. A. Hameed","doi":"10.21767/2254-6081.1000137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2254-6081.1000137","url":null,"abstract":"Radical cystectomy and urinary diversion is the standard treatment for muscle invasive bladder cancer and some cases of T1G3 who failed intravesical therapy. The orthotopic neobladder is the summit of all urinary diversions as it is physiologically close to the normal bladder and provides a superior quality of life compared to other types of diversion.","PeriodicalId":91204,"journal":{"name":"Archives in cancer research","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21767/2254-6081.1000137","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68110916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in the Elderly: A Case Report and Literature Reviewon Toxicity Profiles","authors":"Aileen Deng, A. Chapman, Jia-Mo Lin","doi":"10.21767/2254-6081.1000139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2254-6081.1000139","url":null,"abstract":"Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have emerged as the mainstay treatment for renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Despite growing popularity of TKIs, the treatment safety and tolerability in elderly patients are yet to be fully understood. As new assessment tools become available in identifying elderly patients with cancer at risk for severe treatment-related toxicities, much remains to be learned about how to integrate these tools into our management of elderly patients with cancer. We present a case of a 75- year-old man with RCC who was initially treated with pazopanib and subsequently treated with sunitinib. We review the safety and toxicity profiles of TKIs in treating elderly patients with RCC.","PeriodicalId":91204,"journal":{"name":"Archives in cancer research","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21767/2254-6081.1000139","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68110956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endocrine Disruptors and Carcinogenesis","authors":"E. Karoutsou, P. Karoutsos, D. Karoutsos","doi":"10.21767/2254-6081.1000131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2254-6081.1000131","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental chemicals that at certain doses interfere with the endocrine system are called endocrine disruptors; the disruption of homeostasis induced is including birth defects, feminizing effects and cancerous tumors. The critical window of development for most organisms is the in utero period where substantial damage to a developing fetus takes place after exposure to these chemicals; further, the risk of cancer development increases after environmental or occupational exposure later in life. In this review, epidemiological data are quoted regarding the increased cancer risk after the exposure to endocrine disruptors, while a current quantitation method of the chemical carcinogenesis evolving is also provided.","PeriodicalId":91204,"journal":{"name":"Archives in cancer research","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21767/2254-6081.1000131","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68111040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tumour Dissemination and Assays Involved","authors":"Manar Zraikat, S. Shnyder, H. Sheldrake, Laurance Patterson","doi":"10.21767/2254-6081.1000144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2254-6081.1000144","url":null,"abstract":"Tumour dissemination is a major reason for failure of therapy for many tumour types. Metastasis and angiogenesis result from the interaction between the tumour cells in the tumour microenvironment. The detailed picture of tumour and the tumour microenvironment interaction however is not fully understood due to a lack of representative models. This review shows a brief summary of the assays and models used to describe the tumour dissemination process.","PeriodicalId":91204,"journal":{"name":"Archives in cancer research","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21767/2254-6081.1000144","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68112234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tumor Lysis Syndrome Following a Single Atezolizumab Infusion for Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma Involving Both Upper and Lower Tract","authors":"Daniel Brunnhoelzl, Michael Weed, Richard Trepet, Jue Wang","doi":"10.21767/2254-6081.1000127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2254-6081.1000127","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Tumor lysis syndrome is a potentially fatal complication of oncological therapy. Atezolizumab is a recently-approved agent for the treatment of advanced urothelial carcinoma and, to the best of our knowledge, tumor lysis syndrome has never been reported after atezolizumab therapy for urothelial carcinoma. Case presentation: We present the case of a 77-year-old female who developed acute renal failure and tumor lysis syndrome after a single infusion of atezolizumab for metastatic urothelial carcinoma involving both upper and lower tract. Conclusion: Our case demonstrates that anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy can induce acute tumor lysis syndrome, which necessitates frequent laboratory monitoring and prompt initiation of appropriate therapy. Considering that atezolizumab and other immunotherapy agents are increasingly used in advanced cancer, oncologists should be alert when treating patients at high risk of tumor lysis syndrome, and determine appropriate prophylaxis.","PeriodicalId":91204,"journal":{"name":"Archives in cancer research","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21767/2254-6081.1000127","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68109971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bone Mineral Density Assessment in Chronic Liver Disease","authors":"Prem kumar K, K. Narayanasamy, Janifer Jasmine J, C. A, Senthil Kumar R","doi":"10.21767/2254-6081.1000136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2254-6081.1000136","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The present study was aimed at estimating the prevalence of osteoporosis, symptoms, etiology, factors influencing the osteoporosis in patients with liver complications and to study the association of osteoporosis and severity of liver dysfunction and impact of osteoporosis on quality of life. Methods: 90 eligible patients tested in Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital. Patient’s samples were collected, tested and results recorded. Results: Out of 90 patients (M-84.4%, F-15.6%) and as age progressed, osteopenia and osteoporosis found than the normal patients. Higher percentage of patients had Fatigue symptoms. Common etiology was HBV. As the Child-Pugh-Turcotte (CTP) scoring was increased from A to C the numbers of patients were increased from normal to osteopenia followed by osteoporosis. Statistical significance was found between Normal and Low Bone Marrow Density (BMD) with Model for end-stage liver disease (MELD), Vitamin-D, Para-thyroid hormone and Duration of diseases. Statistical significant found between Normal and Low BMD in the elevation biological markers like T. bilirubin, AST, ALT, SAP (females) and Albumin. Conclusion: Among the liver diseases patients ¾ of them were with Low BMD. Linear progression of low BMD was found with increased age. With the symptom also we can detect low BMD in liver diseases patients. As the CTP increased low BMD was observed. Alcoholic liver disease had highest proportion of osteoporosis. Routine testing of vitamin D in HBV patients, higher MELD and increased duration of liver diseases will guide us for better and early diagnosis of low BMD among the liver diseases population.","PeriodicalId":91204,"journal":{"name":"Archives in cancer research","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21767/2254-6081.1000136","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68110856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breast Implant-Associated Anaplastic Large-Cell Lymphoma: A Case Report","authors":"C. Herrero-Vicent, S. García-Agudo, A. González-Ãlvarez, Fernández-L, S. azuri, S. Smith, Ferrer Ai, A. Ruiz","doi":"10.21767/2254-6081.1000152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2254-6081.1000152","url":null,"abstract":"We present the case of a 52-year-old female who developed sudden, uncomfortable swelling in her right (reconstructed) breast and small, smooth, firm, mobile nodules with mastitis-like symptoms and without skin ulceration. Image studies and histo-cytopathology examination confirmed the presence breast implantassociated anaplastic large cell lymphoma. The patient was treated with implant removal.","PeriodicalId":91204,"journal":{"name":"Archives in cancer research","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21767/2254-6081.1000152","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68113279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}