Open journal of philosophy最新文献

{"title":"Dialectic Freedom: Between Positive and Negative Freedom —A Philosophical Study of the Necessity of Political Freedom and Democracy Inspired by the “Dubai Experience”","authors":"Loulou Malaeb","doi":"10.4236/ojpp.2021.113028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojpp.2021.113028","url":null,"abstract":"This paper inspects the form of freedom that exists in Dubai to make \u0000people living in the city happy and satisfied. I ponder Berlin’s two notions of \u0000negative and positive freedom to see whether these notions can truly \u0000categorically exclude one another in the definition of freedom, and if so, \u0000which one applies in Dubai. I base my research on the assumption that the aim \u0000of every political/economic system is to make people happy and that the way to \u0000people’s happiness is through the satisfaction of their desires of survival and well-be-ing. \u0000The results I succumb to show that Berlin’s two notions of freedom are intricately related on many levels: both partisans \u0000of positive and negative freedom \u0000seem to disregard the fact that, the subjectivity suggested by negative freedom \u0000does not exclude the presence of an objective element in negative freedom and, \u0000consequently the objectivity suggested by positive freedom does not exclude the \u0000presence of a subjective element in it. The categorically dualistic conception of freedom suggested by Berlin would thus be incomplete and the necessity of freedom would dwell in a form of a dialectic synthesis between negative and positive freedom, \u0000that which I call Dialectic Freedom. This is the form of freedom that prevails in Dubai.","PeriodicalId":91152,"journal":{"name":"Open journal of philosophy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48728243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging Information Systems and the Design of “iVoz”: A Case Study of Enterprise Social Systems","authors":"M. J. Arrojo","doi":"10.4236/OJPP.2021.113026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJPP.2021.113026","url":null,"abstract":"The \u0000development of emerging information systems is crucial in two directions. First, these systems \u0000increase the accessibility of information to be used by the enterprise social \u0000systems. The improvement in the accessibility of the information has a direct repercussion in the reduction \u0000of economic costs in the business \u0000firms. Second, emerging information systems are a touchstone in the organisation of the new enterprises, because the \u0000new models of organisation require \u0000the enhancement of information and communication technologies. In this way, emerging information systems influence the \u0000structure and dynamics of enterprise social systems, making it possible \u0000to achieve goals never before imagined. This paper analyzes a new enterprise \u0000social system developed by the Spanish newspaper La Voz de Galicia, \u0000called “iVoz”. It is analyzed here to what extent it has contributed to introduce a change in the \u0000organization, which has repercussion in three aspects: 1) the model of media \u0000company; 2) the structure and dynamics of the daily work of journalists; and 3) \u0000the ways in which citizens can access and use information.","PeriodicalId":91152,"journal":{"name":"Open journal of philosophy","volume":"11 1","pages":"370-385"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43379433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Algebraic Structures of Quantum Physics","authors":"R. Jones","doi":"10.4236/ojpp.2021.113024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojpp.2021.113024","url":null,"abstract":"We examine a series of developments in mathematics used in quantum \u0000physics. These include Hilbert space. We then examine how several developments \u0000in mathematics can be used in application to Quantum physics.","PeriodicalId":91152,"journal":{"name":"Open journal of philosophy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47219483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dilemma and Rebirth: How Marx’s View of Practice Overcomes Kant’s Dilemma of Freedom","authors":"Chang He","doi":"10.4236/ojpp.2021.113025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojpp.2021.113025","url":null,"abstract":"For \u0000laying the foundation for human knowledge, Kant distinguished the ontological \u0000world from the phenomenal world. Kant put freedom in the ontological world to \u0000make its existence possible, and relied on the moral practice according to the \u0000pure rational. By criticizing God, Kant established reason as a relative absolutist that human beings can trace \u0000back to. However, in the path of freedom realization, he re-quoted \u0000God as a secular arbiter for the need of his system. The deviation of “God \u0000being” in Critique of pure reason and critique of practical reason exposes the \u0000difficult problem of Kant’s realization of freedom that perceptual beings \u0000cannot realize freedom. Marx’s view of freedom experienced two turns and \u0000finally came into reality. Based on the realistic, Marx sought the realistic \u0000path to realize freedom by enriching the connotation of practice, and completed \u0000the redemption of Kant’s dilemma.","PeriodicalId":91152,"journal":{"name":"Open journal of philosophy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41612924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How to Defend a Normative Ethical Theory","authors":"Keith Burgess-Jackson","doi":"10.4236/OJPP.2021.112018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJPP.2021.112018","url":null,"abstract":"This article is a work of metaethics; it is on, but not in, \u0000normative ethics. My aim is to explain how one goes about defending a normative \u0000ethical theory. Specifically, it is to explain how one goes about providing (what \u0000I call) “a complete defense” of a normative ethical theory. A complete defense \u0000has five components, which I call “underpinning,” “undermining,” \u0000“countermining,” “attacking,” and “repelling.” I explain and illustrate each \u0000component, using the normative ethical theory of egoism as an example. I then \u0000discuss three important distinctions. The first is between ideal complete defenses and non-ideal (or real-world) complete \u0000defenses. The second is between complete defenses (whether ideal or \u0000non-ideal) and incomplete (or partial) defenses. The third is \u0000between successful defenses (whether complete or incomplete) and unsuccessful defenses.","PeriodicalId":91152,"journal":{"name":"Open journal of philosophy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44066735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Third Discussion on Cosmic Space in Zero Dimension—A Discussion on Spatial Questions According to the Correspondence between Clarke and Leibniz","authors":"Samo Liu","doi":"10.4236/OJPP.2021.112022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJPP.2021.112022","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between space (absolute space) and matters (relative \u0000space) is similar to that between a stage and performers, where they both exist \u0000independently and are interconnected. This work first explores the hypothesis \u0000that the Essential space of the Universe is absolute and is zero-dimensional. \u0000The second part of the hypothesis discusses that the three-dimensional Universe \u0000is a relative space occupied by matters and a representation of its relative \u0000positions. The hypothesis in this work will be explored and discussed using \u0000reference from the correspondence between Clarke and Leibniz. This work \u0000tentatively concludes that the space is absolute and zero-dimensional.","PeriodicalId":91152,"journal":{"name":"Open journal of philosophy","volume":"11 1","pages":"326-335"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45106703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Problem with the Problem of Evil","authors":"S. André","doi":"10.4236/OJPP.2021.112023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJPP.2021.112023","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of evil has been around for centuries but as yet no consensus \u0000exists as to its significance for atheism or theism. After a brief historical \u0000review, I focus on the debate between two leading contemporary philosophers, \u0000Rowe and Plantinga, and argue that neither has succeeded in resolving the \u0000evidential version of the problem of evil. It is time to turn from the \u0000theological issue to practical issues about pointless suffering. Using a common \u0000sense approach, I argue that there are countless cases of pointless suffering \u0000and that they deserve our undivided attention.","PeriodicalId":91152,"journal":{"name":"Open journal of philosophy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45303992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eliciting Value-Judgments in Health Technology Assessment: An Applied Ethics Decision Making Paradigm","authors":"Georges-Auguste Legault, S. K. Bédard, Jean-Pierre Béland, C. Bellemare, L. Bernier, P. Dagenais, Charles-Étienne Daniel, Hubert Gagnon, Monelle Parent, J. Patenaude","doi":"10.4236/OJPP.2021.112021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJPP.2021.112021","url":null,"abstract":"The worldwide COVID-19 pandemic has shed more light on the difficulty of \u0000making health care decisions integrating scientific knowledge and values \u0000associated to life and death issues, human suffering, quality of life, economic \u0000losses, liberty of movement, etc. But the difficulties related to health care \u0000decisions and the use of innovative drugs or technologies are not new, and many \u0000countries have created agencies that have the mandate to evaluate new \u0000technologies in health care. Health Technological Assessment (HTA) reports’ aim \u0000is to guide the decision makers in these difficult matters. There are two \u0000ethical components in HTA. The first is the report’s presentation of an ethical \u0000evaluation of the technology. The second is the value-ladenness of the HTA \u0000decision-making process itself. When implicit value judgments are not elicited, \u0000the justification of the final decision cannot be transparent. The present \u0000paper aims to identify and elicit the implicit value-judgments related to each \u0000step of the HTA process. This research is grounded on an applied ethics decision-making paradigm based on the role of value judgments in \u0000the decision-making process. The first part discusses two different approaches \u0000to values and value judgments in HTA. In the second part, citations mentioning \u0000value judgments extracted from a systematic review on the integration of ethics \u0000into HTA were categorized to elicit the value judgments and their criteria for \u0000each different HTA decision-making steps. The results show that there are 18 \u0000decision-making steps in the HTA process where 23 implicit value-judgments can \u0000be recognized. The range of these value judgments encompasses the whole \u0000HTA process: from the initial request, the presenting of the principal issues, \u0000to the final report’s dissemination. Since stakeholders need to understand \u0000which value judgments the conclusion of a report relies on, eliciting the \u0000implicit value judgments in the HTA decision-making process should yield more \u0000transparency.","PeriodicalId":91152,"journal":{"name":"Open journal of philosophy","volume":"11 1","pages":"307-325"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46061206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fundamental Laws of Nature and Picture of the World","authors":"V. Somsikov, S. N. Azarenko","doi":"10.4236/OJPP.2021.112020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJPP.2021.112020","url":null,"abstract":"The \u0000question of constructing an evolutionary picture of the world based on the \u0000results obtained by extending classical mechanics is considered. The expansion \u0000of mechanics arose as a result of taking into account the role of the structure \u0000of bodies in their dynamics. It is shown that such an extension leads to the \u0000possibility of combining branches of physics, in particular, to the \u0000substantiation of the laws of thermodynamics, statistical physics, kinetics \u0000within the framework of the laws of classical mechanics. It turned out that, \u0000according to the laws of classical mechanics, matter is infinitely divisible \u0000and can be represented by an infinite hierarchical structure from simple to \u0000complex. The expansion showed the existence of universal principles connecting \u0000the laws of the upper rung of the hierarchical ladder of matter with the laws \u0000of the lower rung. It is considered how they lead to the possibility of \u0000constructing a picture of the world based on the fundamental laws of nature.","PeriodicalId":91152,"journal":{"name":"Open journal of philosophy","volume":"11 1","pages":"292-306"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46206991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Ironic View on a Convoluted Reality: Part B","authors":"Amos Avny","doi":"10.4236/OJPP.2021.111015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJPP.2021.111015","url":null,"abstract":"The year of 2020 displays two important processes; first, it poses the COVID-19 pandemic as an international phenomenon that demonstrates how big and threatening is the unknown Nature. Secondly, it symbolizes the end of the brutal Capitalism era that had started to fall with the 2008-9 financial crisis. The Author argues that these two events are so meaningful that they force people and nations to consider initiating a change in their behavior. The size of the text forced the Author to divide the work into two parts; Part A—Reflections on Behaviors, and Part B—The Mysteries of the Inner-self. The discussion on behavior and conduct explains how complicated and still unknown many behaviors and their expressions are. The essay analyzes the internal roots and the external interactions that affect and direct a person’s conduct. The Author claims that assessment of behavior is a product of geography, culture and time. As the known say: “Pornography is a question of Geography.” He also claims that for increasing the quality of life, it is necessary to introduce a more considering and supporting behavior style. Such a move should begin at the kindergarten. Additionally, the Author suggests embracing some of the Quantum Theory techniques for advancing the study of behavior and the inner-self. Both fields inquire a huge body of unknown infinitive territory. Some diagrams are added for demonstrating some of the Author’s ideas.","PeriodicalId":91152,"journal":{"name":"Open journal of philosophy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41577419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}