Breast Cancer : Targets and Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Improved Prognosis in HER2-Low Breast Cancer Patients with Reduced Ki67 Index After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: A Multi-Center Retrospective Study.","authors":"Man Huang, Yudi Jin, Mengyuan Wang, Qiang Song, Yanjia Fan, Yu Zhang, Cheng Tian, Chi Zhang, Shengchun Liu","doi":"10.2147/BCTT.S478110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/BCTT.S478110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>HER2-low breast cancer represents a distinct subgroup with unique clinical characteristics and treatment challenges. Nevertheless, it remains uncertain whether there exists a distinction in δKi67 between patients with HER2-low and HER2-zero statuses, and whether the prognosis varies among patients with differing HER2 statuses and δKi67.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a multi-center retrospective study to investigate the correlation between alterations in Ki67 index following NAC and the prognosis among patients with HER2-low or HER2-zero breast cancer. 3 distinct cohorts comprising patients with HER2-negative breast cancer who underwent NAC were included. Comprehensive clinicopathological data were documented, with particular emphasis on evaluating changes in Ki67 index from baseline to post-NAC. These changes were then correlated with disease-free survival (DFS) through rigorous analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three cohorts, comprising 403, 315, and 72 patients respectively, were finally included. The study found that δKi67 did not show significant associations with other variables and were not identified as independent risk factors for survival. Nevertheless, across the three cohorts, following NAC, HER2-low breast cancer patients with δKi67 below the cut-off value demonstrated a better prognosis compared to those with δKi67 above the cut-off value. Additionally, their prognosis was also superior to that of HER2-zero breast cancer patients with δKi67 below the cut-off value.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study demonstrates that HER2-low breast cancer patients with δKi67 values below the cut-off point after NAC are associated with improved prognosis. Monitoring δKi67 index and HER2 status may help identify patients who are likely to benefit from NAC and guide personalized treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9106,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer : Targets and Therapy","volume":"16 ","pages":"667-678"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11472756/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142457846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human Leukocyte Antigen Class I Expression and Natural Killer Cell Infiltration and Its Correlation with Prognostic Features in Luminal Breast Cancers.","authors":"Maria Vernet-Tomas, Ivonne Vazquez, Francesc Olivares, David Lopez, Jose Yelamos, Laura Comerma","doi":"10.2147/BCTT.S476721","DOIUrl":"10.2147/BCTT.S476721","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study was to determine whether low HLA-I expression and NK cells infiltration are related to prognostic features in breast cancer, as observed in cancers in other locations and non-hormone dependent breast cancers. Particularly, we explored their relation to infiltrated axillary lymph nodes (ALNs), with the aim of finding new predictors helping to decide the extent of axillary surgery.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective correlational analysis of 35 breast cancers from 35 breast cancer patients showing axillary infiltration at diagnosis and with upfront surgery. HLA-I H-score and the number of NK cells x 50 high power fields (HPF) in the biopsy specimen were correlated with pathological variables of the surgical specimen: number of infiltrated ALNs, tumor size, histological type, the presence of ductal carcinoma in situ, focality, histological grade, necrosis, lymphovascular and perineural invasion, Her2Neu status, and the percentages of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, ki67, and p53.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All tumors showed hormone receptor expression and three of them Her2Neu positivity. A positive correlation (p=0.001**) was found between HLA-I H-score and TILs and Ki67 expression. HLA H-score increased with histological grade and was higher in unifocal than in multifocal disease (p=0.044 and p=0.011, respectively). No other correlations were found.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>High HLA-I H-score values correlated with features of poor prognosis in this cohort of luminal breast tumors, but not with infiltrated ALNs. This finding highlights the differences between luminal breast cancer, and cancers in other locations and non-hormone dependent breast cancers, in which low HLA-I expression tends to be associated with poor prognostic features.</p>","PeriodicalId":9106,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer : Targets and Therapy","volume":"16 ","pages":"657-666"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11463177/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142387829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Correlation Between Long-Term Response in Patients with Metastatic HER2+ Breast Cancer and the Activity of Regulatory T Cells: A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Mustafa Degirmenci, Gulden Diniz, Dudu Solakoglu Kahraman, Mustafa Sahbazlar, Lokman Koral, Umut Varol, Ruchan Uslu","doi":"10.2147/BCTT.S470570","DOIUrl":"10.2147/BCTT.S470570","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Trastuzumab is commonly utilized in the management of metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer. Our main goal was to examine the clinical outcomes and immune markers of patients who received trastuzumab and chemotherapy treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between 1995 and 2012, a total of 98 patients diagnosed with metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer were retrospectively analyzed at Ege University Hospital and Tepecik Training and Research Hospital. The clinicopathological characteristics and clinical outcomes of the patients were assessed, and the associations between response rates, survival and the immune profiles of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes were statistically evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average age of patients at the time of diagnosis was 50.1±10.3 (ranging from 30 to 79) years. The mean follow-up period for all patients was 97.9±53.8 months. Among the patients, complete response was observed in 24.5%, partial response in 61.2%, and stable disease in 8.2% of cases. The average progression-free survival was 50.3±26.9 months (ranging from 1 to 163 months), and the average overall survival was 88.8±59.4 months (ranging from 12 to 272 months). After analyzing all cases, it was found that patients who were younger (p=0.006), exhibited higher CD3-positivity (p=0.041), presented with higher FOXP3-positivity (p=0.025), showed complete or at least partial response to treatment (p=0.008), and experienced a long-term response to trastuzumab (and chemotherapy) treatment had longer survival (p=0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients with HER2-positive breast cancer, who initially respond positively to palliative trastuzumab and chemotherapy treatment, can achieve long-term tumor remission lasting for several years.</p>","PeriodicalId":9106,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer : Targets and Therapy","volume":"16 ","pages":"645-655"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11444060/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142360999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma Exosome miR-203a-3p is a Potential Liquid Biopsy Marker for Assessing Tumor Progression in Breast Cancer Patients.","authors":"Xin Yang, Lei Fan, Jicheng Huang, Yongjun Li","doi":"10.2147/BCTT.S478328","DOIUrl":"10.2147/BCTT.S478328","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Timely detection of tumor progression in breast cancer (BC) patients is critical for therapeutic management and prognosis. Plasma exosomal miRNAs are potential liquid biopsy markers for monitoring tumor progression, but their roles in BC remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the TCGA database, we first screened for miRNAs significantly associated with BC progression by comparing miRNA expression in para-carcinoma tissues, stage I BC tissues, and stage II-III BC tissues (n = 1026). Cox regression analyses and survival analyses were performed on candidate miRNAs to explore their prognostic value (n = 848). KEGG, GO, and PPI analyses were used to identify enriched pathways associated with cancer. Finally, the potential of candidate miRNAs as liquid biopsy markers was evaluated by sequencing and analyzing plasma exosomal miRNAs from our collection of 45 BC patients (14 in stage I, 31 in stage II-III) and 5 healthy controls, combined with qRT-PCR analysis to assess the correlation of candidate gene expression in plasma exosomes and BC tissues.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that only miR-203a-3p was progressively elevated with BC progression and was associated with poor prognosis in the TCGA dataset. Its potential target genes were enriched in pathways related to tumor progression, and the downregulation of 48 of these genes was associated with poor prognosis. More importantly, plasma exosomal miR-203a-3p was also found to gradually increase with BC progression, and its expression was positively correlated with miR-203a-3p in BC tissues. This result suggests that plasma exosomal miR-203a-3p may reflect the expression of miR-203a-3p in tumor tissues and serve as a potential liquid biopsy marker for monitoring BC progressions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found for the first time that elevated miR-203a-3p was associated with BC progression and poor prognosis. Our findings suggested that plasma exosomal miR-203a-3p could hold potential as a liquid biopsy marker for evaluating BC progression in patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9106,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer : Targets and Therapy","volume":"16 ","pages":"631-643"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11416789/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142280249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Analysis and Future Prospects of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) and Trophoblast Cell-Surface Antigen 2 (Trop-2) Targeted Antibody-Drug Conjugates in Breast Cancer Treatment.","authors":"Xiaojuan Gao, Tiansheng Bu, Wenying Wang, Ying Xu","doi":"10.2147/BCTT.S480796","DOIUrl":"10.2147/BCTT.S480796","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer remains the most prevalent malignancy among women globally, presenting significant challenges in therapeutic strategies due to tumor heterogeneity, drug resistance, and adverse side effects. Recent advances in targeted therapies, particularly antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), have shown promise in addressing these challenges by selectively targeting tumor cells while sparing normal tissues. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of two innovative ADCs targeting HER2 and Trop-2, which are critical markers in various breast cancer subtypes. These conjugates combine potent cytotoxic drugs with specific antibodies, leveraging the antigens' differential expression to enhance therapeutic efficacy and reduce systemic toxicity. Our comparative analysis highlights the clinical applications, efficacy, and safety profiles of these ADCs, drawing on data from recent clinical trials. In addition, the paper discusses the potential of these ADCs in treating other types of cancers where HER2 and Trop-2 are expressed, as well as the toxicity risks associated with targeting these antigens in normal cells. Additionally, the paper discusses novel synthetic drugs that show potential in preclinical models, focusing on their mechanisms of action and therapeutic advantages over traditional chemotherapy. The findings underscore the transformative impact of targeted ADCs in breast cancer treatment, noting significant advancements in patient outcomes and management of side effects. However, ongoing issues such as resistance mechanisms and long-term safety remain challenges. The conclusion offers a forward-looking perspective on potential improvements and the future trajectory of ADC research. This study not only elucidates the current landscape of ADCs in breast cancer but also sets the stage for the next generation of oncological therapeutics. This study not only elucidates the current landscape of ADCs in breast cancer but also sets the stage for the next generation of oncological therapeutics, with particular attention to their broader applications and associated risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":9106,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer : Targets and Therapy","volume":"16 ","pages":"621-630"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11416103/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142280246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultra-Hypofractionated Whole Breast Radiotherapy with Automated Hybrid-VMAT Technique: A Pilot Study on Safety, Skin Toxicity and Aesthetic Outcomes.","authors":"Mariangela Boccardi, Savino Cilla, Mara Fanelli, Carmela Romano, Paolo Bonome, Milena Ferro, Donato Pezzulla, Roberto Di Marco, Francesco Deodato, Gabriella Macchia","doi":"10.2147/BCTT.S470417","DOIUrl":"10.2147/BCTT.S470417","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The most prevalent treatment-related side effect related to adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) for breast cancer is acute skin toxicity in the irradiated area. The purpose of this single-institution pilot study is to provide preliminary clinical results on the feasibility and safety of a breast ultra-hypofractionated radiation treatment delivered using an automated hybrid-VMAT technique. Skin damage was assessed both with clinical examination and objectively using a Cutometer equipment.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Patients received 26 Gy to the whole breast and 30 Gy to the tumoral bed in 5 fractions using an automated hybrid-VMAT approach with the option for the breath hold technique if necessary. Acute and late toxicities were clinically evaluated at baseline, 1- and 6-months after treatment using the CTC-AE v.5.0 scale. An instrumental evaluation of the skin elasticity was performed using a Cutometer^® Dual MP580. Two parameters per patient, R0 (the total skin firmness) and Q1 (the elastic recovery), were registered at the different timelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From June 2022 to January 2024, 30 patients, stage T1-T2, N0 were enrolled in the study. Four out of 30 (13.3%) patients reported G2 acute skin toxicities. At 6 months, G2 late toxicity was registered in 3 patients (10%). A total of 2160 measures of R0 and Q1 were recorded. At 1 month after treatment, no correlation was found between measured values of R0 and Q1 and clinical evaluation. At 6 months after treatment, clinical late toxicity ≥1 was strongly associated with decreased R0 and Q1 values ≥24% (p = 0.003) and ≥18% (p = 0.022), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ultra-hypofractionated whole-breast radiotherapy, when supported by advanced treatment techniques, is both feasible and safe. No severe adverse effects were observed at any of the different timeframes. Acute and late skin toxicities were shown to be lower in contrast to data presented in the literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":9106,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer : Targets and Therapy","volume":"16 ","pages":"611-619"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11415599/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142280250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevated Risk of Adverse Prognosis in Patients with T2-3 Stage Breast Cancer Exhibiting Non-Pathological Complete Response Following Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: Significance of Regenerating Islet-Derived Family Member 4.","authors":"Fan Li, Chuan-Guo Chen, Jiao-Fei Wei, Jia-Wen Lin, Zi-Ang Dou, Jun Shen, Shu-Qin Li","doi":"10.2147/BCTT.S473920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/BCTT.S473920","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>In this study, we aimed to establish the role of regenerating islet-derived family member 4 (Reg IV) as an independent risk factor and prognostic predictor in patients with T2-3 stage breast cancer who exhibit a non-pathological complete response (non-pCR) following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). Additionally, we examined the potential correlation and interaction between Reg IV and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 67 patients with T2-3 stage breast cancer exhibiting non-pCR after NACT between September 2019 and December 2021 were included in this study. The analysis involved Kaplan-Meier survival comparisons, pooled hazard ratios for risk quantification, Cox regression analysis to isolate the impact of Reg IV on prognosis, Riskplots for visualizing risk profiles, and SHAP analysis to assess the importance of variables in predicting outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings indicate that patients positive for Reg IV had a significantly poorer prognosis (HR: 2.62, 95% CI: 1.06-6.47). Co-expression of Reg IV and EGFR was associated with the worst outcomes compared to patients negative for both markers. Cox regression analysis confirmed the independent prognostic impact of Reg IV (HR: 2.63, 95% CI: 1.66-3.59). Riskplot analysis showed that patients positive for both Reg IV and EGFR predominantly experienced disease progression. SHAP analysis further reinforced the significant effect of Reg IV on the disease course, without substantial interaction with EGFR.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Reg IV may serve as an independent risk factor and predictive marker for adverse outcomes in patients with T2-3 stage breast cancer who do not achieve non-pCR following NACT.</p>","PeriodicalId":9106,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer : Targets and Therapy","volume":"16 ","pages":"595-610"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11404497/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142280248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the Role of PCDH9 in Breast Cancer and Identifying Therapeutic Strategies for PCDH9-Deficient Tumors.","authors":"Ruixi Li, Lulu Liu, Yong Liu, Jiang Tang, Jinsong Li","doi":"10.2147/BCTT.S476083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/BCTT.S476083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Protocadherin 9 (PCDH9), a member of the cadherin superfamily of transmembrane proteins, plays a role in cell adhesion and neural development. Recent studies suggest that PCDH9 may function as a tumor suppressor in certain cancers, though its specific role in breast cancer remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>UALCAN database to retrieve information on PCDH9 expression in breast cancer tissues compared with that in normal tissues. The biological effects of PCDH9 in breast cancer cells were analyzed using the DepMap database. Stable knockdown or overexpression of PCDH9 in breast cancer cell lines and subsequently assessed tumor cell proliferation and migration. Synthetic lethal screening was conducted for breast cancer cells with low PCDH9 expression or deficiency.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, we observed significant downregulation of PCDH9 in breast cancer tissues, with its expression negatively correlated with progression-free survival. Further investigations revealed that decreased PCDH9 expression promotes breast cancer cell proliferation and migration, while overexpression of PCDH9 has the opposite effect. Subsequently, we identified the TAS-102, an approved drug for metastatic colorectal cancer, exhibited selective cytotoxicity against breast cancer cells with low PCDH9 expression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion and discussion: </strong>In summary, our study identified PCDH9 as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer and highlighted TAS-102 as a potential therapeutic option for tumors with low PCDH9 expression or deficiency. The specific interaction between TAS-102 and PCDH9 warrants further exploration, providing deeper insights into its mode of action in treating PCDH9-deficient breast cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":9106,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer : Targets and Therapy","volume":"16 ","pages":"583-593"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11401061/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142280251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Dosimetry: IMRT versus 3DCRT in Left-Sided Breast Cancer Patients with Considering Some Organs in Out - of - Field Borders.","authors":"Shaimaa G Ghazy, Mostafa A Abdel-Maksoud, Ibrahim A Saleh, Mohamed A El-Tayeb, Amr A Elsaid, Metwally A Kotb, Diana A Al-Sherif, Heba S Ramadan, Ahmed Elwahsh, Ahmed M Hussein, Ahmad S Kodous","doi":"10.2147/BCTT.S463024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/BCTT.S463024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The local management approach for node-positive breast cancer has undergone substantial evolution. Consequently, there exists a pressing need to enhance our treatment strategies by placing greater emphasis on planning and dosimetric factors, given the availability of more conformal techniques and delineation criteria, achieving optimal goals of radiotherapy treatment. The primary aim of this article is to discuss how the extent of regional nodal coverage influences the choice between IMRT and 3D radiation therapy for patients.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>A total of 15 patients diagnosed with left breast cancer with disease involved lymph nodes were included in this study. Delivering the recommended dose required the use of a linear accelerator (LINAC) with photon beams energy of 6 mega voltage (6MV). Each patient had full breast radiation using two planning procedures: intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and three-dimensional radiotherapy (3D conformal). Following the guidelines set forth by the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG), the planned treatment coverage was carefully designed to fall between 95% and 107% of the recommended dose. Additionally, Dose Volume Histograms (DVHs) were generated the dose distribution within these anatomical contours.</p><p><strong>Results and conclusion: </strong>The DVH parameters were subjected to a comparative analysis, focusing on the doses absorbed by both Organs at Risk (OARs) and the Planning Target Volume (PTV). The findings suggest that low doses in IMRT plan might raise the risk of adverse oncological outcomes or potentially result in an increased incidence of subsequent malignancies. Consequently, the adoption of inverse IMRT remains limited, and the decision to opt for this therapy should be reserved for situations where it is genuinely necessary to uphold a satisfactory quality of life. Additionally, this approach helps in reducing the likelihood of developing thyroid problems and mitigates the risk of injuries to the supraclavicular area and the proximal head of the humerus bone.</p>","PeriodicalId":9106,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer : Targets and Therapy","volume":"16 ","pages":"567-582"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11382807/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142280247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Effect of <i>Bornetella Nitida</i> Green Algae Isolate on MCF-7 Breast Cancer.","authors":"Yuni Elsa Hadisaputri, Nunuk Hariani Soekamto, Pratiwi Pudjiastuti, Aria Aristokrat, Bahrun Bahrun, Fajar Fauzi Abdullah, Tatsufumi Okino","doi":"10.2147/BCTT.S469036","DOIUrl":"10.2147/BCTT.S469036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Marine algae are increasingly becoming a potential resource for new drugs. In recent decades, including <i>Bornetella nitida</i> (<i>B. nitida</i>). Meanwhile, antimicrobial and anticancer agents are the first line of choice for developing alternative compounds, considering the annually increasing resistant events. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the antimicrobial and cytotoxic potential of <i>B. nitida</i> isolate compounds.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The <i>B. nitida</i> resulted in 2 compounds, sitosterol 3β tetracosanoate and (E)-17-(8-ethyl-4,5,9-trimethyldec-6-en-2-yl)-13-methyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol. Both compounds were tested to have antibacterial effects against <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus</i> (MRSA). Proliferation assay was conducted using the PrestoBlue™ Cell Viability Reagent, which was also used to measure the IC₅₀ against MCF-7 breast cancer cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that (E)-17-(8-ethyl-4,5,9-trimethyldec-6-en-2-yl)-13-methyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol had antimicrobial activity against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and IC₅₀ value of 142.18 µg/mL against MCF-7 cells, while sitosterol 3β tetracosanoate does not have any antimicrobial activity and IC₅₀ value of 681.65 µg/mL. Moreover, the mechanism prediction using docking with caspase-3 receptor to induce apoptosis was also evaluated.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on the results, (E)-17-(8-ethyl-4,5,9-trimethyldec-6-en-2-yl)-13-methyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol of <i>B. nitida</i> has great potential as an antimicrobial and anticancer agent.</p>","PeriodicalId":9106,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer : Targets and Therapy","volume":"16 ","pages":"555-565"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11380869/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142153147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}