International journal of pharmaceutical sciences and research最新文献

{"title":"DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF METHODS USING DERIVATIVE SPECTRO-PHOTOMETRY FOR DETERMINATION OF DIPYRONE IN PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATIONS","authors":"Francisco das Chagas da Costa Lopes, L. Fonseca, Graziella Ciaramella Moita, Marcos Vinícius de Moura Ribeiro","doi":"10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.9(6).2201-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.9(6).2201-10","url":null,"abstract":"Dipyrone (sodium noramidopyrine methanesulfate), a member of the pyrazolone group, is a drug that possesses analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, and spasmolytic properties. Traditionally, iodimetric methods have been recommended for the quantitative determination of dipyrone in all its pharmaceutical forms. This work describes the development of zero order and fourth order (∆λ = 10) derivative spectrophotometric methods for the determination of dipyrone in different pharmaceutical formulations, using water as solvent. The analytical curves presented correlation coefficients greater than 0.999, limits of detection varying from 0.23 to 0.49 mg L, and limits of quantification varying from 0.78 to 1.63 mg L. The average recoveries ranged from 98 to 103 % for the zero order method and from 96 to 104 % for third and fourth order derivative methods. Intra and inter-day precisions, expressed as relative standard deviations, were below 4.2 %. The excipients present in dipyrone tablets and solutions did not interfere in the analyses. The method was shown to be linear, reproducible, specific, sensitive and rugged. INTRODUCTION: Dipyrone (1-phenyl-2, 3-dimethyl-5-pyrazolone-4-methylaminomethane sulfonic acid) is the sodium sulfate derivative of aminopyrine 1 . It is also known as sodium noramidopyrine methanesulfate, pitophenone and methyl-2[4-(2-piperidinoethoxy)benzyl] benzoate 2 Fig. 1. It belongs to the pyrazolone group and has analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, and spasmolytic properties 3, 4 . QUICK RESPONSE CODE DOI: 10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.9(6).2201-10 Article can be accessed online on: www.ijpsr.com DOI link: http://dx.doi.org/10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.9(6).2201-10 In its sodium mono-hydrate form, it is an almost white, odorless, crystalline powder. It is soluble in water and methanol, weakly soluble in ethanol, and almost insoluble in ethyl ether, acetone, benzene, and chloroform. It should be stored in containers protected from light 5, 6 . Dipyrone, in combination with other compounds, is useful for relieving fever and pain, and is employed for the treatment of postsurgical pain, renal and biliary colic, cancer pain, and osteoarthritic pain 7 . Its peripheral, central, and anti-inflammatory activities are associated with inhibition of the cyclooxygenase enzyme system 4 . However, use of dipyrone can present a risk to human health 8 , with adverse effects including agranulocytosis 9, 10 and sometimes reactions such as transient disorders and inflammation of renal","PeriodicalId":90866,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pharmaceutical sciences and research","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86177724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Renal function outcomes in patients receiving TDF-containing antiretroviral therapy: a retrospective pilot study in Namibia","authors":"F. Kalemeera, Carla Oberholster, I. Segamwenge, D. Kibuule, Ester Naikaku, M. Mwangana, B. Godman","doi":"10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.9(10).4273-79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.9(10).4273-79","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and aims: Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has improved morbidity and mortality in patients with HIV across countries including countries in sub-Sahara Africa. However, cART is associated with renal impairment. The lack of pre-cART data in a recently published study limited the discussion on renal-based treatment outcomes with cART, which could have important clinical implications. Consequently, the aim of this paper is to correct this. Methods: Longitudinal retrospective study, with renal function assessed pre-cART and at various time points on cART using the Cockcroft-Gault method. The data source was the patients’ care booklets. Results: 71 patients were included. The majority were adults and female. Before cART initiation, 70.4% and 29.6% had abnormal and normal CrCl, respectively. CrCl was normalised in 24% of patients, while abnormal in the remainder. The mean (median) time to normalisation was 47.4(33.7) months, observed more in paediatric than adult patients (p =0.014). However, in paediatric patients, normalisation took longer than in adult patients. The reduction in CrCl, was observed at variable time points. 9/16 patients experienced a decline during first-line cART and 7 of these were receiving TDF. 7/16 experienced this during second-line cART and 6 were receiving TDF. Conclusion: HIV is typically the cause of renal impairment prior to cART, with TDF likely to be the cause of renal impairment during cART. Consequently, co-administration of TDF with other nephrotoxic drugs should be undertaken with caution if unavoidable. Overall, improvement in renal impairment was faster in adults.","PeriodicalId":90866,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pharmaceutical sciences and research","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75657362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frontier molecular, natural bond orbital, UV-VIS spectral study, solvent influence on geometric parameters, vibrational frequencies and solvation energies of 8-hydroxyquinoline","authors":"M. Khalid, Muhammad Ali, Muhammad Aslam, S. Sumrra, Muhammad Usman Ghani Khan, N. Raza, N. Kumar, Muhammad Imran","doi":"10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.8(2).457-69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.8(2).457-69","url":null,"abstract":"N-heterocyclic compounds have extensive biological and pharmaceutical applications. 8-Hydroxyquinoline (8-HQ) also plays a significant role in many fields of life. The excellent biological signific ...","PeriodicalId":90866,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pharmaceutical sciences and research","volume":"8 1","pages":"457-469"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75208741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy and Manual Lymphatic Drainage in Chronic Ulcers Treatment","authors":"R. Saggini, A. Saggini, S. Carmignano, Tommaso Palermo, G. Barassi, M. Onesti, R. Bellomo, N. Scuderi","doi":"10.15344/2394-1502/2016/119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15344/2394-1502/2016/119","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Chronic wounds are a major, functionally-limiting medical problem impairing quality of life for millions of people each year. Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) may accelerate and improve wound repair. Some authors investigated the optimal session number of ESWT in rat models. Aim: Purpose of this study was to verify the effectiveness of two temporal modalities of ESWT administration in chronic ulcers. Materials and methods: 84 subjects with chronic ulcers were enrolled. They were divided into 2 groups according to the absence or presence of associated lymphedema. Each group was divided with a stratified randomization into two subgroups receiving the same total energy of ESWT (2640 Mj) but with different temporal modality during the week. Results: Our results show, at the end of the 5 weeks treatment, a statistically significant reductionof wounds area and pain in the groups which received the ESWT fractioned in 2 weekly steps (2 x 1320 Mj) and reduction of limb circumference in subjects with lymphedema. Discussion: By fractioning energy in 2 weekly steps probably there is greater regenerative activation. This type of application cannot be generalized, it could be a best choice in diabetic ulcers, even in the presence of lymphedema. The kwnoledge relative to the efficacy of ESWT in treatment of chronic wounds has had over the years a consolidation process, instead the modulation of time treatment can be considered as a new borders for clinical studies.","PeriodicalId":90866,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pharmaceutical sciences and research","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83637135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Recurrent Stroke Volume Between VKA (Vitamin K Antagonist) and Three NOACs (Non-Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants) Under Oral Anticoagulant Therapy","authors":"H. Oguro, R. Mizuhara, S. Abe, H. Takayoshi, S. Mitaki, K. Onoda, A. Nagai, S. Yamaguchi","doi":"10.15344/2394-1502/2016/116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15344/2394-1502/2016/116","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: We investigated recurrent stroke volume with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) patients treated with non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) about clinical backgrounds and number of recurrent stroke. Methods: We administered three NOACs, dabigatran, rivaroxaban and apixaban in 84 post cardioembolic stroke with NVAF. In retrospective study, we measured recurrent stroke volume with MRI volumetry soft and compared them between 7 vitamin K anticoagulant (VKA: warfarin) cases and 10 NOACs cases under anticoagulant therapy. Results: Of 84 cases, 27 cases were started with VKA and switched to NOACs after 7 recurrent stroke. Other 57 cases were directly started with NOACs and 10 cases with NOACs as first anticoagulants had recurrent stroke. The frequency of recurrent stroke during anticoagulant therapy are not different among VKA group and three NOACs group. Recurrent stroke volume is significantly larger in VKA group (27.4 cm3) than in NOACs group (3.3cm3). Conclusions: Secondary prevention with NOACs after stroke might be more beneficial by reducing recurrent infarct volume than VKA.","PeriodicalId":90866,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pharmaceutical sciences and research","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79982849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medication Adherence, Persistence and Cost in Multiple Sclerosis Patients: Oral vs Parenteral Treatment","authors":"F. Santoleri, R. Lasala, Andrea Logreco, M. Hassani, A. Costantini","doi":"10.15344/2394-1502/2016/117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15344/2394-1502/2016/117","url":null,"abstract":"The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate the medication adherence of MS patients to oral and parenteral self-administration therapy. The secondary outcome was to study how the adherence varies respect of the length of treatment and calculate the daily cost of therapy. The adherence was evaluated by the ratio between the Received Daily Dose (RDD) and the Prescribed Daily Dose (PDD); the persistence to treatment was plotted with the Kaplan Meier method. The daily cost of theraphy was calculated as cost per RDD. The adherence in function of time was calculated using 30 days intervals. The average adherence values were 0.91 for Avonex, 0.81 for Rebif®, 0.83 for Betaferon®, 0.81 for Extavia®, 0.90 for Copaxone®, 0.89 for Gilenya®, 0.83 for Aubagio®. The persistence on 3 years of therapy was 64% for Rebif®, 62% for Betaferon®, 58% for Gilenya®, 48% for Copaxone®, 45% for Avonex. As regards the variation of adherence in function of time, it shows up that after a year of treatment, the adherence values was stabilized at about 0.9 for Gilenya®, Copaxone® and Avonex, and between 0.8 and 0.85 for Rebif®, Betaferon® and Extavia®. The cost of the daily treatment ranges from a minimum of € 13.66 for Betaferon® to a maximum of 44 € for Gilenya®. The comparison of oral therapy and the injection one showed no significant differences, underlining that in the case of Multiple Sclerosis, oral formulation does not represent a parameter in favour of the adherence to treatment. To equal levels of adherence it is not justifiable the higher cost of fingolimod compared to all other analysed treatments.","PeriodicalId":90866,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pharmaceutical sciences and research","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77602401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suppressive Activity of Chondroitin Sulfate on Periostin Production by Synoviocytes from Knee Osteoarthritis In Vitro","authors":"Daisuke Tamaki, S. Ishikawa, A. Yamada, Amane Otaki, K. Asano","doi":"10.15344/2394-1502/2016/115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15344/2394-1502/2016/115","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is well known to be one of the most common joint disease in elderly people and characterized by pain, stiffness and loss of function in articulating joints, which develop slowly and worsen over time. Chondroitin sulfate (CS) and glucosamine hydrochloride are used for the treatment of OA and reported that these substances are favorably modify the clinical symptoms, especially pain, however, the therapeutic mechanisms of these substances are not fully understood. The present study was undertaken to examine the influence of CS on the production of periostin, which is one of the important molecules associated with OA development, by synoviocytes from an OA patient by an in vitro cell culture technique. Methods: Synoviocytes (1 x 105 cell/ml) were stimulated with 10.0 ng/ml IL-13 in the presence of various concentrations of CS. After 48 h, periostin content in culture supernatants was examined by ELISA. We also examined the influence of CS on transcription factor, STAT6, activation and periostin mRNA expression in synoviocytes 12 and 24 h after IL-13 stimulation, respectively. Results: Addition of CS into cell cultures caused the suppression of periostin production from synoviocytes induced by IL-13 stimulation through the inhibition of STAT6 activation and periostin mRNA expression. The minimum concentration of CS that caused significant suppression of periostin production, STAT6 activation and mRNA expression was 10.0 μg/ml. Conclusion: These results strongly suggest that the ability of CS to suppress periostin production from synoviocytes may account, at least in part, for the clinical efficacy of CS on OA.","PeriodicalId":90866,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pharmaceutical sciences and research","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74507949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transdermal Delivery of Hyaluronan Tetrasaccharide by Constant Current Iontophoresis","authors":"Cheng-Chou Lin, Yu-Chih Lin, Ming-Yi Gao, Yi-Ping Fang","doi":"10.15344/2394-1502/2016/114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15344/2394-1502/2016/114","url":null,"abstract":"Ascorbic Acid 2-Glucoside (AA2G), l-ascorbic acid derivatives, is provided whitening, anti-oxidation effect and more stable in physicochemical properties. AA2G used in the cosmetic industrial area, however, it hydrophilic character caused lower ability across stratum corneum to the skin, the whitening effect was limited. A microemulsions is the best choice in the study due to the scale up easily in the cosmetic industrial. We aim to optimized microemulsion formulation which easily preparation and stabilized in the cosmetic industrial and enhance the penetration ability into skin simultaneous remain lightening effect. AA2G microemulsion was prepared archive approximately 150 nm. The results showed that the AA2G microemulsion has powerful permeation ability and high skin deposition when compared with the AA2G aqueous control solution and the commercial emulsion product (p","PeriodicalId":90866,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pharmaceutical sciences and research","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82632978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transdermal Delivery of Hyaluronan Tetrasaccharide by Constant Current Iontophoresis","authors":"Madoka Kage, Y. Tokudome","doi":"10.15344/2394-1502/2016/113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15344/2394-1502/2016/113","url":null,"abstract":"It is well known that scars, wrinkles, and intra articular diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis can be healed by injecting hyaluronan (HA) into the skin and joints. However, based on its varying molecular size, skin penetration of HA may be limited. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of transdermal enhancements such as electroporation (EP) and iontophoresis (IP) on the in vitro skin permeability of HA tetrasaccharide (HA4) to deliver HA4 into skin effectively. The effects of EP and IP on the skin permeation of HA4 were studied in in vitro skin permeation experiments. Cumulative amounts of HA4 through full-thickness skin after 6 h were 0.3 μg/cm2 for passive diffusion, 2.3 μg/cm2 after application of EP (100 V, 10 ms, 50 times), 2310.7 μg/cm2 after application of IP (cathodal IP, 0.1 mA/cm2), and 797.9 μg/cm2 after application of IP (cathodal IP, 0.05 mA/cm2), respectively. The skin permeability of the IP (cathodal IP, 0.1 mA/cm2) treatment was about 7700 and 1000-fold increased than that of passive diffusion and the EP treatment. The cumulative amount of HA4 through stripped skin after 6 h was 1384.3 μg/cm2 for passive diffusion. The skin permeability of the cathodal IP (full-thickness skin, 0.05 mA/cm2) treatment was about 1.7-fold increased than that of passive diffusion (stripped skin). We showed that cathodal IP is useful for delivering HA4 into skin effectively.","PeriodicalId":90866,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pharmaceutical sciences and research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77551660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing Chemical and Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Whey Lactose to Generate Feedstocks for Haloarchaeal Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3- hydroxyvalerate) Biosynthesis","authors":"M. Koller, D. Puppi, Federica Chiellini annd Gerhart Braunegg","doi":"10.15344/2394-1502/2016/112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15344/2394-1502/2016/112","url":null,"abstract":"Whey lactose was hydrolyzed via different biocatalytic and chemical methods in order to establish the optimum procedure to generate a carbon-rich substrate for haloarchaeal production of the biopolyester poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBHV). Biocatalytic hydrolysis was carried out using the commercially available bacterial β-galactosidase enzyme formulation Maxilact LG 2000TM and solid fungal β-galactosidase from Aspergillus niger. Different enzyme concentrations, incubation times, temperatures and pH-ranges were investigated to assess the optimum hydrolysis conditions. As major outcome of the undertaken investigation, an addition of 0.25% (v/v) Maxilact LG 2000TM to whey permeate at pH-value 6.5 and 38°C leads to almost complete (more than 90% w/w) lactose hydrolysis already after only 5 h of stirring, and performs beneficial in terms of hydrolysis kinetics compared to the solid enzyme formulation. As an inexpensive alternative, kinetics of hydrolysis of whey lactose was investigated using different amounts of HCl or H2SO4, respectively, at 90°C. By adjusting the pH-value to 0.7 or lower and stirring at 90°C for 5 h, a degree of hydrolysis of about 90% (w/w) was achieved. The hydrolysis matter was used as carbon sources for PHBHV bioproduction by the haloarchaeal species Haloferax mediterranei. Independent of the applied hydrolysis method, PHBHV biopolyesters of similar monomeric composition, molar mass and dispersity index Di were accumulated by the strain. The final decision of the most adequate method in future will depend upon the microbial production strain and production scale.","PeriodicalId":90866,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pharmaceutical sciences and research","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90315932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}