Brain and Behavior最新文献

{"title":"The Chinese Version of the Intuitive Eating Scale-2 Adapted for Pregnant Women: Psychometric Properties and Associations With Diet Quality","authors":"Xingyi Jin,&nbsp;Jian Zhu,&nbsp;Da Pan,&nbsp;Lingzhen Sun,&nbsp;Rui Wang,&nbsp;Niannian Wang,&nbsp;Jiongnan Wang,&nbsp;Chunyan Yuan,&nbsp;Shaokang Wang,&nbsp;Guiju Sun","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70568","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pregnancy is a special period that is strongly influenced by dietary interventions, and many pregnant women develop gestational diabetes caused by conditions such as poor diet. Eating behavior interventions for women during this period are therefore very important, but unfortunately, there is a lack of established studies on intuitive eating in pregnant women.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study examined the psychometric properties of a Chinese version of the IES-2 scale adopted in a group of pregnant women, as well as the relationship between intuitive eating characteristics and dietary quality. A total of 581 pregnant women completed the study which included the Intuitive Eating Scale (IES-2), the Depressive Symptom Scale (EPDS), the Anxiety Symptom Scale (SAS), the Parenthood Stress Scale (PPS), and The Dietary Guidelines Adherence Index for Pregnant Women during Pregnancy (CDGCI-PW).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results show that the modified scales have good quality in the Chinese pregnant women population (CMIN/DF = 1.756, CFI = 0.925, TLI = 0.909, RMSEA = 0.037) and that the scale scores are correlated with depression and anxiety of pregnant women and correlated with overall diet quality during pregnancy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The final six factors (avoiding forbidden foods, avoiding emotional eating, body.food choice congruence, avoiding food-related coping strategies, permission to eat, and reliance on hunger and satiety cues) structure of the revised IES-2 was confirmed. Moreover, the higher the intuitive diet, the better the quality of the pregnant woman's diet will be. This scale can further assess eating behaviors in different pregnancy states within the Chinese pregnant women population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70568","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychiatric Co-Morbidities Among Children and Adolescents With Headache: Findings From a Cross-Sectional Study in Bangladesh","authors":"Sifat E. Syed,&nbsp;Mohammad S. I. Mullick","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70599","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Headaches in pediatric populations are increasingly recognized as being associated with psychiatric disorders, predicting poor clinical outcomes. Despite global evidence, data from South Asia, particularly Bangladesh, remain sparse, limiting region-specific insights into this comorbidity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in the Pediatric Neurology Departments of two tertiary care hospitals in Dhaka, Bangladesh, between July 2019 and March 2020. A total of 151 children and adolescents were assessed using the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-III beta version) for headache classification and the validated Bangla version of the Development and Well-Being Assessment (DAWBA) for psychiatric diagnoses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Tension-type headache was the most common type of headache (62.9%), followed by migraines (16.6%). Psychiatric co-morbidities were identified in 39.7% of participants, with 13.2% presenting with multiple psychiatric disorders. Anxiety disorders (19.9%) and depressive disorders (12.6%) were the most prevalent. Children experiencing frequent headaches had significantly higher rates of psychiatric co-morbidities (<i>p</i> = 0.020, 95% CI: 0.000–0.042). Logistic regression analysis revealed headache frequency as a minor but noteworthy predictor of psychiatric co-morbidity (OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.016–1.093).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study highlights a high burden of psychiatric disorders among children and adolescents with headaches in Bangladesh, emphasizing the importance of psychiatric screening and multidisciplinary management approaches for pediatric headache. The findings provide valuable regional data and reinforce the need for pediatrician-psychiatrist collaboration to improve outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70599","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human Herpesvirus-6 Infectious Meningitis With Lymphadenitis in an Immunocompetent Adult","authors":"Yu Xie,&nbsp;Chenrui Zhang,&nbsp;Mingchi Ma,&nbsp;Ziqian Yin,&nbsp;Liqian Chen,&nbsp;Yimiao Yang,&nbsp;Shuang Wu,&nbsp;Yuanteng Fan,&nbsp;Yan Xu,&nbsp;Dan He","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70590","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Human Herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) infections are primarily observed in immunocompromised individuals, such as those with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome or organ transplant recipients. However, its role as a pathogen in immunocompetent adults remains debated. We aimed to explore the clinical significance of HHV-6 in immunocompetent individuals by presenting a case of HHV-6-associated meningitis with concurrent lymphadenitis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We describe a case of an immunocompetent adult presenting with recurrent fever and headaches.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Finding</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Diagnostic evaluations included next-generation sequencing analysis identified HHV-6 in both cerebrospinal fluid specimens and lymphoid tissue samples. The patient demonstrated complete clinical resolution following a 14-day course of ganciclovir therapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This case underscores the need to consider HHV-6 infection in immunocompetent adults presenting with meningitis of unknown etiology. Early detection and targeted antiviral therapy may lead to favorable clinical outcomes</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70590","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Duration of Untreated Illness (DUI) on the Course and Biochemical Parameters of Female Patients Affected by Anorexia Nervosa","authors":"Letizia Maria Affaticati,&nbsp;Enrico Capuzzi,&nbsp;Tommaso Zuliani,&nbsp;Francesca Legnani,&nbsp;Nadia Vaccaro,&nbsp;Francesca Manzo,&nbsp;Alberto Scalia,&nbsp;Davide La Tegola,&nbsp;Monica Nicastro,&nbsp;Fabrizia Colmegna,&nbsp;Massimo Clerici,&nbsp;Antonios Dakanalis,&nbsp;Massimiliano Buoli","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70584","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Anorexia nervosa (AN) presents the highest rate of mortality among psychiatric disorders, making an early diagnosis and proper management essential. The purpose of the study was to investigate the role of duration of untreated illness (DUI) on the course and biochemical parameters in a sample of 76 female patients with AN.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Correlation analyses and one-way analyses of variance were performed to analyze the relation between DUI and quantitative and qualitative variables, respectively. Statistically significant factors from correlation analyses were inserted in a linear regression model as independent variables with the DUI as the dependent variable.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A longer DUI was directly correlated with age (<i>r</i> = 0.35, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01), duration of illness (<i>r</i> = 0.61, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01), potassium (K) plasma levels (<i>r</i> = 0.47, <i>p</i> = 0.02), and platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) (<i>r</i> = 0.25, <i>p</i> = 0.04). A longer DUI was inversely correlated with the sodium/potassium ratio (Na/K) (<i>r</i> = −0.42, <i>p</i> = 0.047). Linear regression analysis confirmed the direct association between a longer DUI with age (<i>B</i> = 0.12, <i>p</i> = 0.01) and K levels (<i>B</i> = 3.18, <i>p</i> = 0.017).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The higher K plasma levels in patients with longer DUI may indicate an abuse of supplements and/or an alteration of the hypothalamus–pituitary–axis (HPA) or renin–angiotensin systems. In support of this hypothesis, alterations in PLR were identified in subjects with abnormal bone mineral density. Further research is needed to confirm the present findings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70584","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Complications, Peripheral Neuropathic Pain, and Sleep Quality in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus","authors":"Dilek Yildirim,&nbsp;Deniz Aras","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70605","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Most patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) suffer from problems such as neuropathic pain, sleep disturbance, anxiety, and depression, which negatively affect their quality of life. Painful DPN is one of the most common grounds for seeking medical attention. The aim of this study is to evaluate the complications, peripheral neuropathic pain, and sleep quality in diabetic patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This descriptive, cross-sectional, and correlational study included 300 patients with neuropathic pain. Data were obtained using the Descriptive Information Form, Self-Administered Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs Scale (S-LANSS), and Richards–Campbell Sleep Questionnaire (RSQ).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mean level of peripheral neuropathic pain that the patients suffered in the last week, according to the VAS, was 4.143 ± 2.983. The S-LANSS mean score of the patients was 16.493 ± 7.536, and their total mean score on the RSQ was 39.986 ± 33.150. There was a statistically significant negative correlation between the mean scores of the S-LANSS and the RSQ (<i>r</i> = −0.489, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). There was also a statistically significant negative correlation between the mean scores of the Neuropathic Pain VAS and the RSQ (<i>r</i> = −0.401, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Total S-LANSS Score, duration of diabetes diagnosis, HbA1c%, neuropathic pain VAS severity, and age accounted for 36.1% of the variance in the quality of sleep score of patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Neuropathic pain and poor sleep quality were prevalent in diabetic patients. It was found that the duration of DM and microvascular complications, particularly neuropathy, impaired sleep quality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70605","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Signal as a Potential Biomarker for White Matter Hyperintensity Progression in Patients With Subcortical Vascular Cognitive Impairment: A Pilot Study","authors":"Qi Wang,&nbsp;Byoung-Soo Shin,&nbsp;Sun-Young Oh,&nbsp;Seungbae Hwang,&nbsp;Ko Woon Kim","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70598","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are a common cause of subcortical vascular cognitive impairment (SVCI). The silent yet progressive nature of WMH in cognitive decline underscores the need for reliable biomarkers for early detection and monitoring of its progression. This study aims to investigate the association between functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) signals during mental and physical activities and WMH volume. Additionally, it explores the relationship between fNIRS signals and WMH progression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Material and Methods:</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We recruited 27 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) presenting WMH clinical characteristics. Data from fNIRS and MRI scans were collected during their first visit. Ten of them underwent fNIRS and MRI scans in a second visit two years later. WMH volume analysis used volBrain lesionBrain 1.0 (https://www.volbrain.net). ROC curve analysis was applied to the normalized WMH volume to determine a cut-off value for distinguishing between the subcortical vascular MCI (svMCI) and amnestic MCI (aMCI) groups. We compared fNIRS data during cognitive tests and physical activities between svMCI and aMCI groups at the first visit and in the two-year follow-up.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While cognitive profiles were similar between groups, svMCI patients showed significantly reduced fNIRS signals, particularly in the left orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) during verbal fluency tasks (<i>P</i> = 0.005), with further reductions in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (<i>P</i> = 0.049), left OFC (<i>P</i> = 0.012), and right OFC (<i>P</i> = 0.02) over two years. Baseline WMH volume correlated negatively with fNIRS signals during the Stroop test (<i>r</i> = -0.837, <i>P</i> = 0.005). Changes in WMH volume over two years correlated positively with changes in fNIRS signals in the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex during memory tasks (<i>r</i> = 0.886, <i>P</i> = 0.033) and left OFC during balance tasks (<i>r</i> = 0.786, <i>P</i> = 0.028).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results suggest that fNIRS signals have the potential to serve as biomarkers for WMH progression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70598","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship Between Body Mass Index and Recurrence Risk of Stroke: A Systematic Review and Dose–Response Meta‑Analysis","authors":"Qiuxia Qian,&nbsp;Yuting Zhao,&nbsp;Xin Fan,&nbsp;Jialu Li,&nbsp;Jianxun Cao,&nbsp;Mengyu Yang,&nbsp;Longchun Hua,&nbsp;Xingxia Zhang,&nbsp;Ailing Yang,&nbsp;Fengwa Zhang,&nbsp;Yuxia Ma","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70550","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To explore the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and the recurrence risk of stroke.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We searched databases, including the Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, Chinese Biomedical Literature (CBM), CQVIP, WanFang Database, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), from inception to February 2025, to collect literature on BMI and the recurrence risk of stroke. After two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted the literature data, and assessed the quality of the literature included in the study, a meta-analysis was conducted using Stata 16.0 software, and the dose–response relationship between BMI and the recurrence risk of stroke was analyzed using generalized least squares trend estimation method (GLST) and restricted cubic spline function.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 18 studies were included, involving 165,366 patients. In terms of stroke recurrence risk, compared with normal-weight patients, underweight patients [relative risk (RR) = 1.59, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.33–1.90, <i>I</i>² = 0%, <i>p </i>= 0.444] had a higher recurrence risk of stroke, whereas overweight (RR = 0.91, 95% CI 0.86–0.96, <i>I</i>² = 0%, <i>p </i>= 0.454) and obese patients (RR = 0.89, 95% CI 0.84–0.94, <i>I</i>² = 13.1%, <i>p </i>= 0.330) had a lower recurrence risk of stroke. The results of the linear trend show that for every unit increase in BMI, the recurrence risk of stroke decreases by 2% (RR = 0.98, 95% CI 0.96–0.99, <i>p </i>&lt; 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Increased BMI is associated with a decreased recurrence risk of stroke. Underweight is a risk factor for stroke recurrence, whereas overweight and obesity are protective factors for stroke recurrence. Overweight and obesity may be beneficial for secondary prevention in stroke patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Clinical Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Not applicable.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70550","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can EEG-Neurofeedback Training Enhance Effective Connectivity in People With Chronic Secondary Musculoskeletal Pain? A Secondary Analysis of a Feasibility Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial","authors":"Jerin Mathew,&nbsp;Divya Bharatkumar Adhia,&nbsp;Mark Llewellyn Smith,&nbsp;Dirk De Ridder,&nbsp;Ramakrishnan Mani","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70541","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Persistent musculoskeletal pain is associated with altered functional and effective connectivity (EC) between cortical regions involved in pain processing. Especially, disruptions in the infraslow fluctuation (ISF) frequency band can contribute to pain persistence. ISF electroencephalography-neurofeedback (EEG-NF) has emerged as a potential non-invasive neuromodulatory intervention targeting cortical brain regions to restore balance and modulate pain-related pathways. However, limited research explores its effect on EC, a measure of directional information flow critical to pain experience and modulation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A secondary analysis was performed using data from a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled feasibility clinical trial. Participants with chronic painful knee osteoarthritis (OA) were randomized to receive either ISF-NF or sham-NF. Nine neurofeedback sessions targeted the pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (pgACC), dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), and bilateral primary somatosensory cortex (SSC: S1Lt &amp; S1Rt). EEG data was collected at baseline and post-intervention. Granger causality was used to measure EC changes, and between-group statistical analyses were conducted with adjustments for multiple comparisons.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty-one participants (mean age: 61.7 ± 7.6 years; 62% female) completed the study. ISF-NF training significantly improved EC between pgACC and dACC, pgACC and SSC, and other targeted regions, while reducing EC from S1Rt to dACC. Changes were observed predominantly in the ISF frequency band, indicating enhanced cortical communication and modulation of pain pathways.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ISF-NF training enhanced EC in cortical regions implicated in pain processing, supporting its potential as a neuromodulatory intervention for chronic musculoskeletal pain. Further trials are needed to confirm clinical efficacy and optimize protocol designs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70541","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19-Associated Cytotoxic Lesions of the Corpus Callosum in Chinese Patients: A Retrospective Study","authors":"Chenyi Wan,&nbsp;Menghua Li,&nbsp;Yanyan Yu,&nbsp;Si Luo,&nbsp;Daojun Hong,&nbsp;Meihong Zhou,&nbsp;Yu Zhu","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70547","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cytotoxic lesions of the corpus callosum (CLOCCs) are a rare clinicoradiologic syndrome, exceptionally rare in association with coronavirus disease (COVID-2019). This study aimed to investigate the neurological features of COVID-19-associated CLOCCs and gain insights into their underlying pathophysiology.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective evaluation was conducted on patients with COVID-19-associated CLOCCs admitted to our neurological diseases unit. The evaluation included comprehensive analysis of clinical presentations, laboratory findings, and radiological data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>From December 17, 2022, to December 31, 2023, our center identified CLOCCs in eight individuals with clinically established COVID-19 who underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The majority of patients (7/8) presented with fever preceding neurological symptoms. The spectrum of neurological findings encompassed altered consciousness (5/8), headache (4/8), cognitive and behavioral disturbances (4/8), ataxia (2/8), dysarthria (2/8), pyramidal signs (2/8), and visual impairments (2/8). Peripheral blood markers of inflammation and cytolysis revealed trends that paralleled disease progression. Elevated cerebrospinal fluid protein levels were observed in a single patient, whereas cell counts, glucose, and chloride levels were unremarkable. Treatment with glucocorticoids and antiviral medications led to complete clinical remission, with subsequent MRIs (7/8) showing radiological improvements within 3 days to 2 weeks posttreatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study shows that CLOCCs associated with COVID-19 are characterized by a favorable prognosis and distinct MRI features, similar to those observed in other clinical contexts. This underscores the importance of including CLOCCs in the differential diagnosis of COVID-19 and highlights the need for ongoing research to address the neurological condition of SARS-CoV-2 infections and to inform preventive and therapeutic strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70547","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"White Matter Microstructure Alterations in Older Adults With Dyslipidemia Associated With Cognitive and Locomotor Dysfunction Evaluated Using Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging","authors":"Zaimire Mahemuti,&nbsp;Christina Andica,&nbsp;Koji Kamagata,&nbsp;Kaito Takabayashi,&nbsp;Wataru Uchida,&nbsp;Sen Guo,&nbsp;Takashi Arai,&nbsp;Hiroki Tabata,&nbsp;Hitoshi Naito,&nbsp;Yoshifumi Tamura,&nbsp;Ryuzo Kawamori,&nbsp;Hirotaka Watada,&nbsp;Shigeki Aoki","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70526","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies have shown white matter (WM) microstructural alterations in individuals with dyslipidemia; however, DTI indices are not specific to WM pathology. However, neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) provides more specific measurements of WM microstructure. This study aimed to evaluate dyslipidemia-related WM microstructure alterations and their association with cognitive and motor functions using NODDI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The DTI and NODDI metrics were analyzed through tract-based spatial statistics between 24 older adults with dyslipidemia (low-density lipoprotein ≥140 mg/dL, high-density lipoprotein &lt;40 mg/dL, and triglyceride ≥150 mg/dL, or under treatment) and 18 healthy control participants (HCs). Partial correlation tests were performed between diffusion magnetic resonance imaging measures and lipid profiles, cognitive, or locomotor scores in the dyslipidemia and HC groups separately. WM volumetry between HCs and dyslipidemia groups was also assessed. Age, gender, intracranial volume, and years of education were included as covariates in all analyses. A false discovery rate-corrected <i>P</i> value of &lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Individuals with dyslipidemia exhibited a notably reduced neurite density index (NDI) in several WM areas, including the posterior and superior corona radiata, the body, the genu, and the splenium of the corpus callosum, as well as the bilateral anterior and posterior internal capsule, compared with HCs. In the dyslipidemia group, lower NDI was significantly correlated with lower scores on the stand-up test and the Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. No significant differences were found in DTI metrics or WM volumes between dyslipidemia individuals and HCs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings suggest that NODDI can serve as a biomarker for assessing WM microstructural alterations in older adults with dyslipidemia. Particularly, NODDI indicates a lower intra-axonal volume, which may suggest axonal loss associated with dyslipidemia, and correlates with cognitive and locomotor function decline.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70526","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}