Brain and Behavior最新文献

{"title":"Leisure Screen Time and the Risk of Six Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study","authors":"Chen Cai,&nbsp;Qimei Ran,&nbsp;Ming Lu,&nbsp;Chao Song,&nbsp;Zhongquan Jiang","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70884","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs)—including autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), intellectual disability, learning disability, speech disorder, and Tourette disorder—impact brain development and impair social, learning, and occupational functioning. We performed a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using summary data from global genome-wide association studies to investigate the potential causal relationship between leisure screen time (LST) and NDDs risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our dataset comprised 703,901 participants of European ancestry from 51 studies, with 256,725 individuals in the LST-valid sample. We investigated causal associations with six types of NDDs using five MR methods: inverse-variance weighted (IVW), MR Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode. IVW was the primary method due to its efficiency and precision. Heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy were assessed using IVW and MR Egger, while the other methods served as sensitivity analyses to confirm robustness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The IVW method revealed that each standard deviation increase in LST was associated with a reduced risk of ADHD (OR = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.52–0.89) and an elevated risk of intellectual disability (OR = 1.66; 95% CI: 1.26–2.18). These associations were consistent with the weighted median analysis (ADHD: OR = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.47–0.98; intellectual disability: OR = 1.51; 95% CI: 1.06–2.14).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings suggest that genetic predisposition to increased LST is causally associated with a lower risk of ADHD but a higher risk of intellectual disability, with no evidence for a causal relatawdionship with the other four NDDs. Larger or longitudinal studies are needed for further validation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70884","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145110981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurostructural Differences Associated With Prodromal Mania Symptoms in Children","authors":"Camille Archer,&nbsp;Amy Milewski,&nbsp;Hee Jung Jeong,&nbsp;Gabrielle E. Reimann,&nbsp;E. Leighton Durham,&nbsp;Antonia N. Kaczkurkin","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70894","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prodromal symptoms of mania in children are predictive of the later development of bipolar disorder; yet, the neurostructural correlates of these early symptoms remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the association between prodromal mania symptoms and brain structure in a large cohort of children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analyzed data from 10,662 nine- to 10-year-old children from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study, employing structural equation modeling to examine the concurrent and longitudinal associations between prodromal mania symptoms and cortical and subcortical gray matter volume.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>After adjusting for multiple comparisons and controlling for age, sex, scanner model, socioeconomic status, and medication use, we found that baseline mania symptoms were associated with reduced gray matter volume across both cortical and subcortical areas, suggesting a global effect. These findings were further supported by the loss of these effects when total intracranial volume was included as an additional covariate, suggesting that smaller overall brain size, rather than specific regional effects, is related to prodromal mania symptoms. Lastly, longitudinal analyses revealed that brain volume at baseline did not predict prodromal mania symptoms at the second-year follow-up.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results support the structural differences observed in adults with bipolar disorder in prior work and refine our understanding of the neurostructural correlates of prodromal mania symptoms in children. These findings could enhance early identification and intervention efforts for youth at risk of developing bipolar disorder.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70894","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145110778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Magnetoencephalography to Advance the Science of Parkinson Disease: A Systematic Review","authors":"Saar Kariv,&nbsp;Jeong Woo Choi,&nbsp;Mohsen Benam,&nbsp;Sahil Chilukuri,&nbsp;Amirreza Alijanpourotaghsara,&nbsp;Nader Pouratian","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70889","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Magnetoencephalography (MEG) offers high temporal resolution and whole-brain spatial coverage, making it a powerful tool to study brain networks. This systematic review examines the use of MEG to study Parkinson's disease (PD) brain network dysfunction, providing an update on scientific advances and identifying knowledge gaps that can be addressed using MEG as a research platform.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Five databases (Cochrane, Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) were systematically searched for MEG-based PD publications from October 2018 (the date of the latest search in the previous systematic review) to June 2025. We used the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklist to individually assess each paper for quality and relevancy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Finding</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fifty-four publications were grouped into motor or cognitive domains. Motor resting-state studies were further categorized into four groups: (1) Cortical Pathophysiology and its Modulation by Therapies, (2) Basal Ganglia-Cortical (BGC) Network Pathophysiology and its Modulation by Therapies, (3) Temporal Dynamics, Aperiodicity, and Nonlinearity in PD, and (4) Clinical Utility of MEG. We highlight increases in cortical beta power in response to L-DOPA and its correlation with motor symptom improvement, the broad cortical distribution of beta-gamma phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) in PD and its link to motor symptoms, corticocortical connectivity modulation in response to different treatments, and the integration of MEG with local field potentials to study cortico-subcortical abnormalities. Temporal dynamics, such as cortical beta bursts and reduced functional repertoire, are explored, as well as aperiodic components and nonlinearities in the power spectrum in PD. Clinically, MEG shows promise in optimizing DBS, predicting L-DOPA response, and uncovering movement-related and cognitive pathophysiology in PD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Key PD knowledge gaps that can be addressed using MEG are identified, including the need to characterize network temporal dynamics and signal interrelation in PD, the causal pathological mechanisms of the disease, and the response to different treatment modalities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70889","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145110908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Meta-Analysis of Multidimensional Cognitive Functions Changes in Different Intensities of High-Altitude Hypoxia","authors":"Yan Jiang,&nbsp;Ke-Er Cai,&nbsp;Ling-Ling Zhu,&nbsp;Ming Fan,&nbsp;Yong-Qi Zhao,&nbsp;Du-Ming Wang","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70883","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This meta-analysis aims to comprehensively evaluate the impact of high-altitude hypoxia on multidimensional cognitive functions, considering moderating variables such as altitude, exposure time, cognitive domain, and experimental design.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A three-level meta-analysis was conducted on 59 studies (1966–2024) comprising 739 effect sizes. Studies were screened and coded according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Cognitive tasks were categorized into seven domains: executive control, working memory, long-term memory, perceptual ability, psychomotor skill, attention, and others. Hedges’ <i>g</i> was used as the effect size measure, and multilevel modeling was applied to account for dependent effect sizes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>High-altitude hypoxia significantly impaired overall cognitive function (<i>g</i> = −0.424, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Long-term memory and perceptual functions were most affected, followed by executive control, attention, and psychomotor skills; working memory was least impacted. Cognitive impairment was significant at altitudes above 2500 m. Acute (&lt; 3 days) and chronic (&gt; 30 days) exposure significantly affected cognition, while intermediate exposures (3–30 days) did not. Subgroup analyses revealed varying sensitivity across cognitive domains to altitude and exposure duration.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>High-altitude hypoxia adversely affects cognitive function, with severity varying by cognitive domain, altitude, and exposure duration. These findings highlight the need for tailored interventions and further research into acclimatization and de-acclimatization processes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70883","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145111015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dissociation Between Subjective Sensory Reactivity and Visual Perceptual Sensitivity in Autistic and Non-Autistic Adults: A Brief Report","authors":"Caroline Candy,&nbsp;Declan Ryan,&nbsp;Elizabeth Milne,&nbsp;Abigail Dickinson","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70865","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Autistic individuals frequently report atypical sensory experiences, typically assessed using self- or proxy-report questionnaires such as the Sensory Profile. However, it remains unclear whether these subjective reports reflect differences in low-level perceptual sensitivity, with previous studies yielding mixed results.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We aimed to determine whether self-reported sensory responsiveness, assessed via the Adult Sensory Profile (ASP), is associated with low-level visual perceptual sensitivity (orientation discrimination thresholds) in autistic and non-autistic adults.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirty-two autistic and thirty-two neurotypical adults completed a visual orientation discrimination task and the ASP. Spearman correlations and Bayesian analyses quantified associations between orientation discrimination thresholds and ASP sensory scores across and within diagnostic groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Autistic adults reported significantly greater sensory differences than neurotypical adults across all ASP quadrants. However, orientation discrimination thresholds were not significantly associated with ASP scores within either group or across the full sample. Bayesian analyses provided anecdotal to moderate evidence supporting no association between self-reported sensory experiences and orientation discrimination performance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings suggest that self-reported sensory differences, as captured by the ASP, do not reflect variations in low-level visual perceptual sensitivity. These results reinforce the importance of multilevel assessment frameworks to better understand the complex and varied sensory experiences reported by autistic individuals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70865","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145110815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Real-Time Engagement in Shaping Social Media Check-In Behavior: Moderating Effects of Trust and Peer Influence","authors":"Xiaoshuang Lu,&nbsp;Kavitha Balakrishnan,&nbsp;Tak Jie Chan,&nbsp;Meng Na","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70887","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Social media platforms have reached a transformative stage, blending traditional digital interactions with real-time engagement features to foster user participation and connectivity. As real-time engagement mechanisms such as interactive communication, personalized feedback, and dynamic content recommendations become integral, they significantly shape users’ digital behaviors, including venue check-ins. Drawing upon Trust Theory, Social Influence Theory, and the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM), this study investigates how real-time engagement factors influence users’ check-in behavior on social media, emphasizing perceived credibility as a mediating factor and exploring the moderating roles of Trust in Platforms and peer influence (PI). Using survey data collected from 500 active social media users in China, analyzed through structural equation modeling, this research identifies significant pathways by which personal trust anchors (PTAs), information density value (IDV), and peer consensus dynamics (PCDs) collectively affect check-in decisions. The findings reveal that trust significantly facilitates the translation of engagement into immediate actions, whereas PI and perceived information authenticity enhance credibility perceptions under conditions of real-time interaction. This research advances the literature by integrating previously isolated constructs—trust, information quality, and peer validation—to present a comprehensive understanding of real-time engagement's role in digital participation. Practically, the study provides strategic insights for social media marketers and platform developers, emphasizing the critical balance of interactivity, trust mechanisms, and social validation to optimize user engagement within real-time digital ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70887","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145110848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persian Mentalized Affectivity Scale (MAS): Reliability, Validity, and Cultural Considerations","authors":"Fateme Jafarpoor,&nbsp;Elmira Shayegh,&nbsp;Parvin Haghjoo,&nbsp;Saeed Ghanbari","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70880","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mentalization and emotion regulation are increasingly recognized as key factors in the development and persistence of psychological disorders. Mentalized affectivity, an integrative construct encompassing both, reflects an individual's capacity to reflect upon and regulate emotions. Despite the growing interest in this construct, cross-cultural validation of its measurement remains limited. This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Mentalized Affectivity Scale (MAS) in an Iranian adult sample.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 923 participants were recruited through convenience sampling and divided into two independent samples (<i>N</i>₁ = 473, <i>N</i>₂ = 450). In addition to the MAS, measures assessing emotion regulation and reflective functioning were administered in the second sample to evaluate concurrent validity. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were conducted to determine the factorial structure of the MAS. Internal consistency and correlation analyses were performed to assess reliability and construct validity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>EFA yielded a four-factor model, encompassing Identifying Emotions, Processing Emotions, Expressing Emotions, and Recognizing Emotions. This structure diverges from the original three-factor model, potentially reflecting cultural distinctions in emotional processing. The strongest correlation coefficients were observed between Processing and Recognizing Emotions, which were previously merged as a single factor in the original scale. Internal consistency was excellent, with Cronbach's alpha values ranging from 0.847 to 0.895 and McDonald's omega ranging from 0.831 to 0.904, confirming the reliability of the Persian MAS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings provide preliminary validation for the Persian version of the MAS, supporting its factorial validity, reliability, and applicability for assessing mentalized affectivity in nonclinical populations. Given the scarcity of culturally adapted measures of mentalization in Iran, the MAS represents a valuable tool for both research and clinical settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70880","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145110910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STAND: Ultrasound of Cerebral Blood Flow During First Verticalization in Acute Stroke—A Prospective Case–Control Study","authors":"Laurine Bedoucha,&nbsp;Claire Gobron,&nbsp;Fabrice Vallee,&nbsp;Etienne Gayat,&nbsp;Peggy Reiner,&nbsp;Candice Sabben,&nbsp;Michael Obadia,&nbsp;Perrine Boursin,&nbsp;Estelle Dubus,&nbsp;Eric Jouvent,&nbsp;Mikael Mazighi,&nbsp;Lucas Di Meglio","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70901","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The optimal timing for mobilizing patients during the acute phase of ischemic stroke remains unclear. Prior research has produced conflicting results, often neglecting the impact of upstream arterial stenosis on cerebral blood flow. This study aimed to determine whether early transition to a seated position in the acute phase of ischemic stroke influences intracranial hemodynamics, particularly in patients with significant carotid stenosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In a prospective, bi-centric, 1:1 case–control observational study (NCT04180826), we continuously and non-invasively monitored cerebral and systemic hemodynamics during the first authorized transition from supine to a sitting position in patients with ischemic stroke of the carotid territory. Cases were defined as those with homolateral carotid stenosis &gt;50% by NASCET criteria. The primary outcome was a &gt;10% reduction in mean flow velocity (MFV) in the homolateral middle cerebral artery (MCA).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of 42 screened patients, 36 were included (19 controls, 17 cases). A significant (&gt;10%) MFV drop occurred in 9/17 cases (53%) versus 1/19 controls (5%; <i>p</i> = 0.012). Notably, cases with an MFV drop showed no compensatory systemic response (no rise in blood pressure or heart rate). Multivariate analysis revealed that a shorter time from stroke onset to sitting (coefficient = −2.793, <i>p</i> = 0.016) and being a case (coefficient = −6.283, <i>p</i> = 0.004) independently predicted an MFV decrease &gt;10%. Additional factors associated with significant MFV decline in cases included the absence of a blood pressure increase after verticalization, lower hemoglobin (<i>p</i> = 0.007), and higher BNP levels (<i>p</i> = 0.024).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Early sitting in the acute phase of ischemic stroke is more frequently associated with marked MFV reductions in patients with carotid stenosis, potentially due to impaired systemic hemodynamic adaptation. These findings underscore the importance of individualized mobilization strategies based on vascular and systemic factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70901","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145110911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circumferential Aneurysm Wall Enhancement Predicts Recanalization After Stent-Assisted Coiling in Small Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms","authors":"Qiu-Yi Jiang,&nbsp;Xin-Lei Ruan,&nbsp;Rui Chen,&nbsp;Zhong-Song Shi","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70898","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Circumferential aneurysm wall enhancement (CAWE) on high-resolution vessel wall imaging (HR-VWI) as a vessel wall inflammation marker is associated with unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) instability and recanalization after endovascular treatment. This study evaluates the association of CAWE with recanalization of small UIAs (&lt; 10 mm) treated with stent-assisted coiling (SAC) or coiling alone and aims to develop a prediction model for recanalization based on CAWE.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analyzed patients with small saccular UIAs undergoing 3T HR-VWI and treated with SAC or coiling alone between October 2018 and May 2024. A four-grade scale assessed aneurysm wall enhancement (none, focal thick wall enhancement, thin CAWE, and thick CAWE). The aneurysm-to-pituitary stalk contrast ratio (CRstalk) quantified enhancement. We investigated the relationship between CAWE and recanalization and developed a recanalization prediction model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sixty-five patients with 69 UIAs were included; 11 aneurysms (15.9%) exhibited CAWE, and 10 had a CRstalk ≥ 0.5. Sixty aneurysms (87%) received SAC. Recanalization occurred in 14 of 69 aneurysms (20.3%), assessed by DSA follow-up at 12.6 months. Multivariate analysis revealed that aneurysm size, CAWE, and CRstalk ≥ 0.5 predicted recanalization undergoing coiling with or without stent assistance. A scoring prediction model was created using aneurysm size, treatment, embolization occlusion, and CAWE, with scores ranging from 0 to 6, where scores ≥ 3 indicated high risk and a C-statistic of 0.892 demonstrated excellent discrimination.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CAWE on HR-VWI is a significant imaging marker for predicting recanalization in small UIAs undergoing SAC. The proposed recanalization risk scale needs validation in larger studies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70898","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145110982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructural Hippocampal Alterations in Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging","authors":"Amir Mahmoud Ahmadzadeh,&nbsp;Sadegh Ghaderi,&nbsp;Sana Mohammadi,&nbsp;Nahid Jashirenezhad,&nbsp;Farzad Fatehi","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70919","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The hippocampus is highly vulnerable in Alzheimer's disease (AD), with early microstructural changes potentially detectable via diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI). Previous studies report promising DKI findings in AD, necessitating systematic evaluation. To compare hippocampal DKI metrics, particularly mean kurtosis (MK), between AD patients and healthy controls (HCs) and explore factors influencing these differences.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Following PRISMA guidelines, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase were searched until November 2024. Two reviewers independently extracted hippocampal MK values. Risk of bias was evaluated using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Meta-analysis employed random-effects models (STATA v17). Subgroup analyses (sex, age, magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] parameters) and sensitivity and trim-and-fill assessments were conducted. Standardized mean difference (SMD), <i>I</i>² for heterogeneity, and Egger's/Begg's tests for publication bias (significance: <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ten studies (215 AD patients, 217 HCs; mean age: 65–75 years) using 3.0 T MRI were included. Eight articles were included in the meta-analysis to compare MK between groups. AD patients exhibited significantly reduced bilateral hippocampal MK compared to HCs (left: SMD = −1.32, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] [−1.97 to −0.66]; right: SMD = −1.22 [−1.88 to −0.56]; both <i>p </i>&lt; 0.001), indicating compromised microstructural complexity. Subgroup analyses revealed more pronounced MK reductions in studies with higher male ratios (&gt;42%; left: SMD = −1.87; right: SMD = −1.91; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Age, echo time, repetition time, and diffusion directions did not significantly influence effect sizes. Sensitivity analyses confirmed robustness, and publication bias was detected, but trim-and-fill analyses revealed no missing studies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Reduced hippocampal MK in AD reflects microstructural degeneration, with sex-related differences in effect magnitude.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70919","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145110825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}