Brain and Behavior最新文献

{"title":"Hematoma, Perihematomal Edema, and Total Lesion Predict Outcome in Patients With Intracerebral Hemorrhage","authors":"Qin Huang,&nbsp;Lin Wu,&nbsp;Ziwei Song,&nbsp;Zhi Zhang,&nbsp;Hongla Kuang,&nbsp;Yuping Zhu,&nbsp;Chenying Zeng,&nbsp;Lanjiao Zhang,&nbsp;Hudie Zhang,&nbsp;Zubing Xu,&nbsp;Wenyuan Xu,&nbsp;Jing Lin","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70340","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The present study aimed to evaluate the predictive abilities of hematoma volume, perihematomal edema (PHE) volume, and total lesion (hematoma + PHE) volume for poor outcome in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients admitted to our department between January 2015 and March 2023 were retrospectively enrolled according to the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria. Demographic characteristics, clinical information, laboratory examinations, and imaging data were collected.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We included 510 patients with initial computerized tomography (CT) scan (342 [67.1%] male, median age = 62 years); 142 patients had CT scans at admission and 72 h post ICH, and 350 patients had CT scans at admission and 5–9 days after onset. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that absolute hematoma, absolute PHE, and absolute total lesion at admission; absolute hematoma and absolute total lesion at 72 h after onset; absolute hematoma, absolute PHE, and absolute total lesion at 5–9 days post ICH were independently related to poor outcome (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic curves demonstrated that the total volume of hematoma and PHE at 5–9 days post ICH was a better indicator to predict poor outcome, compared to other risk factors in patients with ICH (area under curve = 0.778, 95%CI: 0.729–0.826).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The total volume of hematoma and PHE at 5–9 days after onset had the highest ability in predicting poor outcome in patients with ICH.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70340","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143431748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Impact of Adaptive Behaviors on Balance: A Comparative Analysis of Static and Dynamic Balance in Athletes With and Without Intellectual Disabilities","authors":"Elisa Benito-Martínez,&nbsp;Beatriz Alonso-Cortés,&nbsp;Mario Fernández-Gorgojo,&nbsp;Raul Coto Martín,&nbsp;Ricardo Méndez Blanco","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70174","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Individuals with intellectual disability (ID) shows less development on their motor skills. Understanding the interaction between intellectual and physical performance will provide valuable information for the design of personalized interventions and support programs able to enhance active participation of these individuals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A descriptive-analytical study with 93 participants (59 with ID) was designed to evaluate both static and dynamic balance in athletes. In addition, the relationship between balance and adaptive behaviors was analyzed to determine whether static and dynamic balance is affected to a greater or lesser extent depending on the level of adaptive skills or intellectual capacity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Significant differences were found in balance's variables between individuals with and without ID. IQ measurements (processing speed) and adaptive behaviors showed a correlation with some balance variables. In athletes with less ID levels, the correlation between balance and adaptive behaviors is more notable.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There are clear differences in both static and dynamic balance between individuals with and without intellectual disabilities. In addition, the level of adaptive skills and processing speed is related to balance, with those having lower levels of adaptive skills experiencing greater difficulties in maintaining better balance</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70174","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143431747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotypic and Genotypic Characteristics of Adult-Onset Glutaric Aciduria Type 1: Report of Two Cases and a Literature Review","authors":"Luhua Wei,&nbsp;Jieyu Li,&nbsp;Zhiying Xie,&nbsp;Ying Zhu,&nbsp;Jing Chen,&nbsp;Yawen Zhao,&nbsp;Yun Yuan,&nbsp;Yining Huang,&nbsp;Yanling Yang,&nbsp;Zhaoxia Wang,&nbsp;Jing Chen","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70281","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Glutaric aciduria Type 1 (GA-1) is an autosomal recessive inherited disorder caused by <i>GCDH</i> variations. GA-1 is a rare disease that typically manifests in infancy and early childhood, with adult-onset cases being even rarer. Currently, data on the clinical and genetic characteristics of adult-onset GA-1 remain limited.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We hereby reported two new cases of adult-onset GA-1 and systematically summarized reported studies to investigate its genotypic and phenotypic features.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patient 1 presented with seizures as the onset symptom. Patient 2 exhibited recurrent stroke-like episodes. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed subependymal lesions. Urine organic acid analyses were performed since both patients had hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) and found significantly elevated glutaric acid and 3-hydroxyglutaric acid. Genetic analysis further identified biallelic missense variants in <i>GCDH</i> in both patients (Patient 1: c.383G&gt; A, c.937C&gt; T; Patient 2: c.533G&gt; A, c.1205G&gt; A). A literature review found seven cases and 12 variants in adult-onset GA-1. Most of them showed nonspecific neurological manifestations. The most common symptoms were cognitive impairment and headache. Subependymal lesions have been reported in five of seven cases. One of them also had HHcy. All adult-onset GA-1 cases were high excretors. All <i>GCDH</i> variants are located in nonactive binding regions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study characterized the phenotype of adult-onset GA-1 emphasizing subependymal lesions and the coexistence of HHcy. The latter might suggest the influence of environmental factors on the age of onset. No clear genotype–phenotype correlation was found.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70281","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143431746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fractional Anisotropy of Cingulum Cingulate Mediates the Relationship Between Happiness and Work Performance in Healthy Individuals","authors":"Keisuke Kokubun,&nbsp;Kiyotaka Nemoto,&nbsp;Yoshinori Yamakawa","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70334","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>As competition among companies around the world intensifies, the nature of work and the performance required are becoming more complex. In parallel with this, there is growing attention on happiness and well-being as factors related to improving employee performance. However, little is known about the relationship between happiness and the brain and work performance in healthy people.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Therefore, we analyzed the correlations between the nine categories of work role performance (WRP), the subjective happiness scale (SHS), and four regions of fractional anisotropy (FA), an index reflecting brain microstructure that has been shown to be related to apathy in previous studies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>It was shown that the cingulum cingulate (CCI) and the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) correlated with the WRP and its facets in a manner consistent with their respective functions. In particular, the CCI was found to be extensively correlated with the facets of the WRP and to have a partially mediating effect on the relationship between the SHS and the WRP.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study is the first to show that indicators reflecting healthy individuals’ happiness and brain microstructure, which are related to a variety of nonwork factors, are positively correlated with the diverse roles and performance that characterize modern work.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70334","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143424086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lower Retinal Arteriolar Density Is Associated With Higher Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Burden: An Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Study","authors":"Le Cao,&nbsp;Hang Wang,&nbsp;Jinkui Hao,&nbsp;William Robert Kwapong,&nbsp;Zhouwei Xiong,&nbsp;Ruilin Wang,&nbsp;Chen Ye,&nbsp;Yitian Zhao,&nbsp;Bo Wu,&nbsp;Wendan Tao","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70342","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>It is suggested that cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) plays a role in strokes and dementia. Retinal microvasculature imaged by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is suggested to be associated with cerebral microvessels. We measured the density of the retinal arterioles and venules on the superficial vascular complex (SVC) of OCTA images and investigated associations with SVD markers in older adults.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participants underwent cerebral magnetic resonance imaging and OCTA imaging. An external algorithm (OCTA-Net) was used to segment the retinal vessels into arterioles and venules. SVD indicators [lacunes, white matter hyperintensity (WMH), perivascular spaces (PVS) and cerebral microbleeds (CMBs)] were determined according to the STandards for ReportIng Vascular changes on nEuroimaging (STRIVE)</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>246 older adults (mean age = 58.84 ± 7.00 years; 38.21 % males) were included in our data analysis. After adjusting for covariates, lower retinal arteriole densities correlated with higher periventricular WMH (<i>p</i> = 0.025) and PVS in the basal ganglia (<i>p</i> = 0.027). Lower retinal venule density correlated with higher deep WMH burden (<i>p</i> = 0.014). Lower arteriolar density was associated with increased SVD burden (<i>p</i> = 0.035). Arteriolar complex branching was associated with periventricular WMH (<i>p</i> = 0.020) while venular complex branching was associated with deep WMH (<i>p</i> = 0.041).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Retinal vascular changes may reflect cerebral vascular changes as evidenced by OCTA-derived metrics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70342","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143424087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive Impairment in Chronic Kidney Disease Across Different Stages: The Role of Structural and Perfusion-Driven Functional Connectivity Changes","authors":"Xiaoyan Bai,&nbsp;Lijun Song,&nbsp;Xu Liu,&nbsp;Wenbo Yang,&nbsp;Mingan Li,&nbsp;Boyan Xu,&nbsp;Zhenghan Yang,&nbsp;Zhen-Chang Wang,&nbsp;Hao Wang","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70330","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with cognitive impairment (CI), yet the exact pathophysiological mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the alterations in gray matter volume (GMV) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) across CKD stages, identify co-changed brain regions, explore abnormal seed-based functional connectivity (FC) in patients with CKD, and investigate the correlation between the abnormal brain regions and neuropsychological test scores.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Two hundred and eight participants (66 healthy controls, 70 CKD Stages 1–3a, and 72 CKD Stages 3b–5) were consecutively recruited and underwent high-resolution T1-weighted imaging, arterial spin labeling, and functional MR imaging. The imaging parameters were compared among three groups, and correlations with MoCA scores were analyzed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Compared to CKD 1–3a group, the bilateral fusiform gyrus (FFG.L and FFG.R) exhibited reduced GMV, increased CBF, and decreased FFG.L-FC with bilateral inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part (IFGtriang.L and IFGtriang.R), left middle occipital gyrus (MOG.L), and left hippocampus (HIP.L), as well as decreased FFG.R-FC with bilateral median cingulate and paracingulate gyri (DCG.L and DCG.R), left superior frontal gyrus, medial (SFGmed.L), IFGtriang.L, and right middle temporal gyrus (MTG.R) in CKD 3b–5 group. A negative correlation was observed between the MoCA scores and FFG.L-FC with right middle frontal gyrus (MFG.R), IFGtriang.L, IFGtriang.R, HIP.L, and left putamen in patients with CKD 1–3a.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Brain structural and perfusion alterations may underlie the reduced FC between fusiform gyrus and cognitive-related regions, providing potential neuroimaging evidence for the neuropathological mechanisms of CI in patients with different stages CKD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70330","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143424088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Jiawei Kongsheng Zhenzhong Pill (JKZP) Alleviates Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion-Induced Hippocampal Synaptic Damage via S100A10/tPA/BDNF Pathway","authors":"Qiaolan Wu,&nbsp;Yang Zhou,&nbsp;Chunxue Ou,&nbsp;Zu Gao,&nbsp;Xiaolin Wu,&nbsp;Yue Zhao,&nbsp;Yuan Wang,&nbsp;Zhichun Wu,&nbsp;Huayun Yu","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70328","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate the effects of <i>Jiawei Kongsheng Zhenzhong Pill</i> (JKZP) on rats with ischemic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and investigate the underlying mechanisms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The components of JKZP were analyzed using Q-Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). The MCI rat model was prepared through gradual bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO). The cognitive function, hippocampal pathological lesions, dendritic spine damage, synapse-related, and S100 calcium-binding protein A10 (S100A10)/tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA)/brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) pathway-associated molecules alterations were measured. Primary hippocampus neurons were subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) injury, and JKZP-containing serum was utilized for treatment. Lentiviral-infected neurons were constructed with S100A10 knockdown using RNAi technology to investigate whether JKZP exerted its anti-MCI effects via S100A10/tPA/BDNF pathway.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 64 major components, including β-asarone, ferulic acid, loganin, senkyunolide H, and cryptotanshinone, were identified by Q-Orbitrap HRMS technology. JKZP had a notable impact on enhancing the cognitive abilities of rats with MCI. JKZP reduced the damage to the hippocampal CA1 region neuron and synaptic structure, reversed the decrease in dendritic spines, and increased the expressions of synapse-associated proteins such as synaptophysin (SYN), growth-associated protein 43 (GAP43), and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95). Furthermore, JKZP treatment dramatically reduced the ratio of protein of BDNF (proBDNF)/mature BDNF (mBDNF) by activating S100A10/tPA, which was confirmed in primary hippocampus neurons in vitro. Moreover, sh-S100A10 tremendously mitigated the inhibitory action of JKZP on OGD/R-mediated synapse injury, decreased the activity of tPA, and thus improved the downstream pathway targets’ ratio, proBDNF/mBDNF.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These results manifested that JKZP promoted neurological recovery after chronic cerebral ischemia by alleviating synaptic damage and activating the S100A10/tPA/BDNF pathway, thereby providing a novel perspective and a solid foundation against MCI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70328","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143424085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduced Modulation of Theta and Beta Oscillations Mediates Empathy Impairment in Parkinson's Disease","authors":"Jinying Han,&nbsp;Liuzhenxiong Yu,&nbsp;Mengqi Wang,&nbsp;Xin Chen,&nbsp;Ziye Zhao,&nbsp;Pingping Liu,&nbsp;Lili Hu,&nbsp;Lingling Lv,&nbsp;Fengbo Xing,&nbsp;Ruihua Cao,&nbsp;Rong Ye,&nbsp;Kai Wang,&nbsp;Panpan Hu","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70294","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Empathy is an inaccessible part of advanced social cognitive functions in humans. Impairment of empathy greatly affects the quality of life of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) but the underlying neurophysiologic mechanisms have not been established.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The dynamic process of brain oscillations in PD pain empathy was explored and the mechanism of empathy damage was studied.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 27 patients with PD and 13 healthy controls were recruited to undergo a pain judgment task, and the event-related potentials were recorded. This study compared the changes in theta and beta oscillations among two groups after the presentation of painful and neutral stimuli.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Time–frequency analysis results revealed that patients with PD exhibited event-related theta oscillation synchronization and beta oscillation desynchronization during pain empathy. Compared to healthy controls, patients with PD exhibited a reduced magnitude of beta oscillation desynchronization in response to painful stimuli and attenuated synchronization of theta oscillations induced by neutral stimuli. There are abnormal beta power differences between painful and neutral stimuli, while no differences were found in theta power in PD. Moreover, a positive correlation existed between the degree of beta oscillation desynchronization associated with painful stimuli and the accuracy of pain judgments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pain empathy deficits in PD were associated with reduced dynamic modulation of brain theta and beta oscillations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70294","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143423749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Are TBI Symptoms Interconnected? A Network Analysis Approach","authors":"Helen Bindels,&nbsp;Sascha Sommer,&nbsp;Tobias Ohmann,&nbsp;Susann Seddigh,&nbsp;Michael Schuler","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70316","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Many patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) across all levels of severity experience persistent psycho-emotional, cognitive, and somatic symptoms. Psychological network theory views disorders as intricate systems rather than discrete diseases. This study employs an exploratory network analysis method to uncover potential causal links among long-term TBI symptoms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We examined persistent symptoms using secondary data from 250 TBI patients undergoing an inpatient “brain check” procedure. We constructed two partial correlation networks: one for the entire sample and another for a mild TBI subgroup, each consisting of 14 symptoms and three covariates. The symptoms and their connections were visualized in network graphs to identify potential causal, and structural indicators and centrality indices were calculated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The analysis revealed two dense networks characterized by multiple complex connections. In the overall network, symptoms are clustered into psycho-emotional and cognitive communities, with attention deficits serving as a crucial link between them. One finding was that self-reported cognitive impairments do not align with objectively measured deficits. Within the mild TBI subgroup, PTSD emerges as a central node in the network.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Network analysis reveals the multidimensional and reciprocal nature of long-term TBI symptoms. Attention deficits bridge cognitive and psycho-emotional areas, whereas psycho-emotional symptoms influence self-perceived performance. Self-reported cognitive impairments should be emphasized in therapy as they are linked rather to sleep, visual disturbances, and anxiety than to objective deficits. Network analysis is valuable for understanding TBI symptom complexity and exploring treatment options. Future research should utilize longitudinal designs to validate our findings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70316","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143424143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kalanchoe crenata Haw. (Crassulacea) Decreases Hippocampal Neuron Loss and Improves Memory and Executive Function in Aged Rats: Implications for Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Mechanisms","authors":"Antoine Kavaye Kandeda,&nbsp;Christophe Mezui,&nbsp;Sandry Kengni,&nbsp;Ndeva Baldagai,&nbsp;Symphorien Talom Mabou","doi":"10.1002/brb3.70261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70261","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disease that alters learning and memory processes. <i>Kalanchoe crenata</i> (Crassulaceae) has long been used in Cameroonian traditional medicine to treat hypertension, malaria, and dementia. The present study aims to evaluate the anti-amnesic effect of an aqueous extract of <i>K. crenata</i> in D-galactose-treated rats and possible mechanisms of action.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Memory impairment was induced in rats by subcutaneous injection of D-galactose (350 mg/kg) once daily for 30 days. At the end of the procedure, the animals were assessed for memory impairment using Morris water maze and object recognition tasks. Animals with memory impairment were divided into six groups of eight rats each and treated once daily for 24 days as follows: the negative control group received per os distilled water (10 mL/kg); the positive control group received donepezil (2 mg/kg, p.o.); and three test groups received the extract of <i>K. crenata</i> (62, 124, and 248 mg/kg, p.o.). A group of eight rats was added and served as a control group. After completion of the procedure, the memory deficit in rats was reassessed by the object recognition test on Day 15 of the treatment, the Morris water maze test on Day 18, and the open-field test on Day 24. At the end of behavioral experiments, the animals were sacrificed and some biochemical parameters in the hippocampus were estimated. In addition, histological analysis of the hippocampus was performed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>K. crenata</i> significantly decreased the time to reach the platform and increased the time spent in the target quadrant of the Morris water maze. It also increased the discrimination index during the object recognition test. The extract significantly reversed D-galactose-induced oxidative stress and inflammation. This was confirmed by the attenuation of neuronal loss.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings suggest that <i>K. crenata</i> extract possesses an anti-amnesic-like effect probably mediated by antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9081,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Behavior","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/brb3.70261","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143424146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}