Biomaterials Research最新文献

{"title":"Cellular infiltration in an injectable sulfated cellulose nanocrystal hydrogel and efficient angiogenesis by VEGF loading.","authors":"Kiyoon Min,&nbsp;Giyoong Tae","doi":"10.1186/s40824-023-00373-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40824-023-00373-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cellular infiltration and angiogenesis into implanted biomaterial scaffolds are crucial for successful host tissue integration and tissue regeneration. Cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) is a nano-sized cellulose derivative, which can form an injectable physical gel with salts. Sulfate groups of sulfated CNC (CNC-S) can act as a binding domain to various growth factors and cytokines with a heparin-binding domain for sustained release of them. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) can promote the proliferation of endothelial cells and angiogenesis. In this study, VEGF-loaded CNC-S hydrogel was evaluated as an injectable scaffold that can induce cellular infiltration and angiogenesis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>CNC-S was hydrolyzed to get desulfated CNC (CNC-DS), which was used as a negative control group against CNC-S. Both CNC-S and CNC-DS hydrogels were prepared and compared in terms of biocompatibility and VEGF release. The hydrogels with or without VEGF loading were subcutaneously injected into mice to evaluate the biocompatibility, cellular infiltration, and angiogenesis induction of the hydrogels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both hydrogels possessed similar stability and shear-thinning behavior to be applicable as injectable hydrogels. However, CNC-S hydrogel showed sustained release (until 8 weeks) of VEGF whereas CNC-DS showed a very fast release of VEGF with a large burst. Subcutaneously injected CNC-S hydrogel showed much enhanced cellular infiltration as well as better biocompatibility with milder foreign body response than CNC-DS hydrogel. Furthermore, VEGF-loaded CNC-S hydrogel induced significant angiogenesis inside the hydrogel whereas VEGF-loaded CNC-DS did not.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CNC-S possesses good properties as a biomaterial including injectability, biocompatibility, and allowing cellular infiltration and sustained release of growth factors. VEGF-loaded CNC-S hydrogel exhibited efficient angiogenesis inside the hydrogel. The sulfate group of CNC-S was a key for good biocompatibility and the biological activities of VEGF-loaded CNC hydrogel.</p>","PeriodicalId":9079,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials Research","volume":"27 1","pages":"28"},"PeriodicalIF":11.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10084697/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9284161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacteria-based multiplex system eradicates recurrent infections with drug-resistant bacteria via photothermal killing and protective immunity elicitation.","authors":"Youcui Xu,&nbsp;Yi Wu,&nbsp;Yi Hu,&nbsp;Mengran Xu,&nbsp;Yanyan Liu,&nbsp;Yuting Ding,&nbsp;Jing Chen,&nbsp;Xiaowan Huang,&nbsp;Longping Wen,&nbsp;Jiabin Li,&nbsp;Chen Zhu","doi":"10.1186/s40824-023-00363-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40824-023-00363-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The high mortality associated with drug-resistant bacterial infections is an intractable clinical problem resulting from the low susceptibility of these bacteria to antibiotics and the high incidence of recurrent infections.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Herein, a photosynthetic bacteria-based multiplex system (Rp@Al) composed of natural Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rp) and Food and Drug Administration-approved aluminum (Al) adjuvant, was developed to combat drug-resistant bacterial infections and prevent their recurrence. We examined its photothermal performance and in vitro and in vivo antibacterial ability; revealed its protective immunomodulatory effect; verified its preventative effect on recurrent infections; and demonstrated the system's safety.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Rp@Al exhibits excellent photothermal properties with an effective elimination of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). In addition, Rp@Al enhances dendritic cell activation and further triggers a T helper 1 (T_H1)/T_H2 immune response, resulting in pathogen-specific immunological memory against recurrent MRSA infection. Upon second infection, Rp@Al-treated mice show significantly lower bacterial burden, faster abscess recovery, and higher survival under near-lethal infection doses than control mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This innovative multiplex system, with superior photothermal and immunomodulatory effects, presents great potential for the treatment and prevention of drug-resistant bacterial infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":9079,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials Research","volume":"27 1","pages":"27"},"PeriodicalIF":11.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10080897/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9282979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel antibacterial and apatite forming restorative composite resin incorporated with hydrated calcium silicate.","authors":"Song-Yi Yang,&nbsp;A Ruem Han,&nbsp;Ji-Won Choi,&nbsp;Kwang-Mahn Kim,&nbsp;Jae-Sung Kwon","doi":"10.1186/s40824-023-00364-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40824-023-00364-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>White Portland cement is a calcium silicate material. It exhibits antibacterial properties and is biocompatible. In addition, calcium silicate-based materials are known to release calcium ions and form apatite. The purpose of this study was to develop a novel bioactive restorative resin composite with antibacterial and apatite forming properties to prevent tooth caries at the interface of teeth and restorative materials, by incorporation of hydrated calcium silicate (hCS) derived from white Portland cement.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To prepare the experimental composite resins, a 30 wt% light-curable resin matrix and 70 wt% filler, which was mixed with hCS and silanized glass powder were prepared in following concentrations: 0, 17.5, 35.0, and 52.5 wt% hCS filler. The depth of cure, flexural strength, water sorption, solubility, and antibacterial effect were tested. After immersion in artificial saliva solution for 15, 30, 60, and 90 days, ion concentration by ICP-MS and apatite formation using SEM-EDS, Raman spectroscopy and XRD from experimental specimens were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All experimental groups showed clinically acceptable depths of cure and flexural strength for the use as the restorative composite resin. Water sorption, solubility, released Ca and Si ions increased with the addition of hCS to the experimental composite resin. Experimental groups containing hCS showed greater antibacterial effects compared with the 0 wt% hCS filler group (p < 0.05). The 52.5 wt% hCS filler group produced precipitates mainly composed of Ca and P detected as hydroxyapatite after immersion in artificial saliva solution for 30, 60, and 90 days.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This results show that composite resins containing hCS filler is effective in antibacterial effects. hCS has also apatite formation ability for reducing gap size of microleakage by accumulating hydroxyapatite precipitates at the restoration-tooth interface. Therefore, novel composite resin containing hCS is promising bioactive resin because of its clinically acceptable physiochemical properties, antibacterial properties, and self-sealing potential for prevention of microleakage for longer usage of restorations.</p>","PeriodicalId":9079,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials Research","volume":"27 1","pages":"25"},"PeriodicalIF":11.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10053114/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9581416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A dual functional Ti-Ga alloy: inhibiting biofilm formation and osteoclastogenesis differentiation via disturbing iron metabolism.","authors":"Fupeng Li,&nbsp;Kai Huang,&nbsp;Jinbing Wang,&nbsp;Kai Yuan,&nbsp;Yiqi Yang,&nbsp;Yihao Liu,&nbsp;Xianhao Zhou,&nbsp;Keyu Kong,&nbsp;Tao Yang,&nbsp;Jian He,&nbsp;Chunjie Liu,&nbsp;Haiyong Ao,&nbsp;Fengxiang Liu,&nbsp;Qian Liu,&nbsp;Tingting Tang,&nbsp;Shengbing Yang","doi":"10.1186/s40824-023-00362-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40824-023-00362-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although biomedical implants have been widely used in orthopedic treatments, two major clinical challenges remain to be solved, one is the bacterial infection resulting in biofilm formation, and the other is aseptic loosening during implantation due to over-activated osteoclastogenesis. These factors can cause many clinical issues and even lead to implant failure. Thus, it is necessary to endow implants with antibiofilm and aseptic loosening-prevention properties, to facilitate the integration between implants and bone tissues for successful implantation. To achieve this goal, this study aimed to develop a biocompatible titanium alloy with antibiofilm and anti-aseptic loosening dual function by utilizing gallium (Ga) as a component.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A series of Ti-Ga alloys were prepared. We examined the Ga content, Ga distribution, hardness, tensile strength, biocompatibility, and anti-biofilm performance in vitro and in vivo. We also explored how Ga³⁺ ions inhibited the biofilm formation of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) and osteoclast differentiation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The alloy exhibited outstanding antibiofilm properties against both S. aureus and E. coli in vitro and decent antibiofilm performance against S. aureus in vivo. The proteomics results demonstrated that Ga³⁺ ions could disturb the bacterial Fe metabolism of both S. aureus and E. coli, inhibiting bacterial biofilm formation. In addition, Ti-Ga alloys could inhibit receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-dependent osteoclast differentiation and function by targeting iron metabolism, then suppressing the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, thus, showing their potential to prevent aseptic loosening.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides an advanced Ti-Ga alloy that can be used as a promising orthopedic implant raw material for various clinical scenarios. This work also revealed that iron metabolism is the common target of Ga³⁺ ions to inhibit biofilm formation and osteoclast differentiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9079,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials Research","volume":"27 1","pages":"24"},"PeriodicalIF":11.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10053110/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9211704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shape-memory collagen scaffold combined with hyaluronic acid for repairing intervertebral disc.","authors":"Young Won Koo,&nbsp;Chang Su Lim,&nbsp;Anjani Darai,&nbsp;JiUn Lee,&nbsp;Wonjin Kim,&nbsp;Inbo Han,&nbsp;Geun Hyung Kim","doi":"10.1186/s40824-023-00368-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40824-023-00368-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a common cause of chronic low back pain (LBP) and a socioeconomic burden worldwide. Conservative therapies and surgical treatments provide only symptomatic pain relief without promoting intervertebral disc (IVD) regeneration. Therefore, the clinical demand for disc regenerative therapies for disc repair is high.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we used a rat tail nucleotomy model to develop mechanically stable collagen-cryogel and fibrillated collagen with shape-memory for use in minimally invasive surgery for effective treatment of IVDD. The collagen was loaded with hyaluronic acid (HA) into a rat tail nucleotomy model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The shape-memory collagen structures exhibited outstanding chondrogenic activities, having completely similar physical properties to those of a typical shape-memory alginate construct in terms of water absorption, compressive properties, and shape-memorability behavior. The treatment of rat tail nucleotomy model with shape-memory collagen-cryogel/HA alleviated mechanical allodynia, maintained a higher concentration of water content, and preserved the disc structure by restoring the matrix proteins.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>According to these results, the collagen-based structure could effectively repair and maintain the IVD matrix better than the controls, including HA only and shape-memory alginate with HA.</p>","PeriodicalId":9079,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials Research","volume":"27 1","pages":"26"},"PeriodicalIF":11.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10061910/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9277520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Albumin-binding photosensitizer capable of targeting glioma via the SPARC pathway.","authors":"Xingshu Li,&nbsp;Jae Sang Oh,&nbsp;Yoonji Lee,&nbsp;Eun Chae Lee,&nbsp;Mengyao Yang,&nbsp;Nahyun Kwon,&nbsp;Tae Won Ha,&nbsp;Dong-Yong Hong,&nbsp;Yena Song,&nbsp;Hyun Kyu Kim,&nbsp;Byung Hoo Song,&nbsp;Sun Choi,&nbsp;Man Ryul Lee,&nbsp;Juyoung Yoon","doi":"10.1186/s40824-023-00360-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40824-023-00360-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Malignant glioma is among the most lethal and frequently occurring brain tumors, and the average survival period is 15 months. Existing chemotherapy has low tolerance and low blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability; therefore, the required drug dose cannot be accurately delivered to the tumor site, resulting in an insufficient drug effect.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Herein, we demonstrate a precision photodynamic tumor therapy using a photosensitizer (ZnPcS) capable of binding to albumin in situ, which can increase the permeability of the BBB and accurately target glioma. Albumin-binding ZnPcS was designed to pass through the BBB and bind to secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), which is abundant in the glioma plasma membrane.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When the upper part of a mouse brain was irradiated using a laser (0.2 W cm^- 2) after transplantation of glioma and injection of ZnPcS, tumor growth was inhibited by approximately 83.6%, and the 50% survival rate of the treatment group increased by 14 days compared to the control group. In glioma with knockout SPARC, the amount of ZnPcS entering the glioma was reduced by 63.1%, indicating that it can target glioma through the SPARC pathway.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study showed that the use of albumin-binding photosensitizers is promising for the treatment of malignant gliomas.</p>","PeriodicalId":9079,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials Research","volume":"27 1","pages":"23"},"PeriodicalIF":11.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10031904/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9166048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progress in biomechanical stimuli on the cell-encapsulated hydrogels for cartilage tissue regeneration.","authors":"Shiva Taheri,&nbsp;Hanieh Sadat Ghazali,&nbsp;Zahra Sadat Ghazali,&nbsp;Amitava Bhattacharyya,&nbsp;Insup Noh","doi":"10.1186/s40824-023-00358-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40824-023-00358-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Worldwide, many people suffer from knee injuries and articular cartilage damage every year, which causes pain and reduces productivity, life quality, and daily routines. Medication is currently primarily used to relieve symptoms and not to ameliorate cartilage degeneration. As the natural healing capacity of cartilage damage is limited due to a lack of vascularization, common surgical methods are used to repair cartilage tissue, but they cannot prevent massive damage followed by injury.</p><p><strong>Main body: </strong>Functional tissue engineering has recently attracted attention for the repair of cartilage damage using a combination of cells, scaffolds (constructs), biochemical factors, and biomechanical stimuli. As cyclic biomechanical loading is the key factor in maintaining the chondrocyte phenotype, many studies have evaluated the effect of biomechanical stimulation on chondrogenesis. The characteristics of hydrogels, such as their mechanical properties, water content, and cell encapsulation, make them ideal for tissue-engineered scaffolds. Induced cell signaling (biochemical and biomechanical factors) and encapsulation of cells in hydrogels as a construct are discussed for biomechanical stimulation-based tissue regeneration, and several notable studies on the effect of biomechanical stimulation on encapsulated cells within hydrogels are discussed for cartilage regeneration.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Induction of biochemical and biomechanical signaling on the encapsulated cells in hydrogels are important factors for biomechanical stimulation-based cartilage regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":9079,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials Research","volume":"27 1","pages":"22"},"PeriodicalIF":11.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10026525/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10244272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface modifications of titanium dental implants with strontium eucommia ulmoides to enhance osseointegration and suppress inflammation.","authors":"Avery Rui Sun,&nbsp;Qili Sun,&nbsp;Yansong Wang,&nbsp;Liqiu Hu,&nbsp;Yutong Wu,&nbsp;Fenbo Ma,&nbsp;Jiayi Liu,&nbsp;Xiangchao Pang,&nbsp;Bin Tang","doi":"10.1186/s40824-023-00361-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40824-023-00361-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Titanium (Ti) is now widely used as implant material due to its excellent mechanical properties and superior biocompatibilities, while its inert bioactivities might lead to insufficient osseointegration, and limit its performance in dental applications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We introduced a robust and simple approach of modifying titanium surfaces with polysaccharide complexes. Titanium samples were subjected to hydrothermal treatment to create a uniform porous structure on the surface, followed by coating with a bioinspired and self-assembly polydopamine layer. Strontium Eucommia Ulmoides Polysaccharide (EUP-Sr) complexes are then introduced to the polydopamine-coated porous titanium. Multiple morphological and physiochemical characterizations are employed for material evaluation, while cell proliferation and gene expression tests using macrophages, primary alveolar bone osteoblasts, and vascular endothelial cells are used to provide an overall insight into the functions of the product. The significances of statistical differences were analyzed using student's t-test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Microscopic and spectrometric characterizations confirmed that the Ti surface formed a porous structure with an adequate amount of EUP-Sr loading. The attachment was attributed to hydrogen bonding between the ubiquitous glycosidic linkage of the polysaccharide complex and the ring structure of polydopamine, yet the loaded EUP-Sr complex can be gradually released, consequently benefiting the neighboring microenvironment. Cell experiments showed no cytotoxicity of the material, and the product showed promising anti-inflammation, osseointegration, and angiogenesis properties, which were further confirmed by in vivo evaluations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We believe the EUP-Sr modified titanium implant is a promising candidate to be used in dental applications with notable osteoimmunomodulation and angiogenesis functions. And the novel technique proposed in this study would benefit the modification of metal/inorganic surfaces with polysaccharides for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":9079,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials Research","volume":"27 1","pages":"21"},"PeriodicalIF":11.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10022180/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9136980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Instant formation of horizontally ordered nanofibrous hydrogel films and direct investigation of peculiar neuronal cell behaviors atop.","authors":"Jaeil Park,&nbsp;Thi Thuy Chau Nguyen,&nbsp;Su-Jin Lee,&nbsp;Sungrok Wang,&nbsp;Dongmi Heo,&nbsp;Dong-Hee Kang,&nbsp;Alexander Tipan-Quishpe,&nbsp;Won-June Lee,&nbsp;Jongwon Lee,&nbsp;Sung Yun Yang,&nbsp;Myung-Han Yoon","doi":"10.1186/s40824-023-00344-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40824-023-00344-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hydrogels have been widely used in many research fields owing to optical transparency, good biocompatibility, tunable mechanical properties, etc. Unlike typical hydrogels in the form of an unstructured bulk material, we developed aqueous dispersions of fiber-shaped hydrogel structures with high stability under ambient conditions and their application to various types of transparent soft cell culture interfaces with anisotropic nanoscale topography.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Nanofibers based on the polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylic acid mixture were prepared by electrospinning and hydrogelified to nano-fibrous hydrogels (nFHs) after thermal crosslinking and sulfuric acid treatment. By modifying various material surfaces with positively-charged polymers, negatively-charged superabsorbent nFHs could be selectively patterned by employing micro-contact printing or horizontally aligned by applying shear force with a wired bar coater.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The angular distribution of bar-coated nFHs was dramatically reduced to ± 20° along the applied shear direction unlike the drop-coated nFHs which exhibit random orientations. Next, various types of cells were cultured on top of transparent soft nFHs which showed good viability and attachment while their behaviors could be easily monitored by both upright and inverted optical microscopy. Particularly, neuronal lineage cells such as PC 12 cells and embryonic hippocampal neurons showed highly stretched morphology along the overall fiber orientation with aspect ratios ranging from 1 to 14. Furthermore, the resultant neurite outgrowth and migration behaviors could be effectively controlled by the horizontal orientation and the three-dimensional arrangement of underlying nFHs, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We expect that surface modifications with transparent soft nFHs will be beneficial for various biological/biomedical studies such as fundamental cellular studies, neuronal/stem cell and/or organoid cultures, implantable probe/device coatings, etc.</p>","PeriodicalId":9079,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials Research","volume":"27 1","pages":"19"},"PeriodicalIF":11.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10009932/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9106031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"De novo design of a novel AIE fluorescent probe tailored to autophagy visualization via pH manipulation.","authors":"Xueyan Huang,&nbsp;Fei Chen,&nbsp;Yeshuo Ma,&nbsp;Fan Zheng,&nbsp;Yanpeng Fang,&nbsp;Bin Feng,&nbsp;Shuai Huang,&nbsp;Hongliang Zeng,&nbsp;Wenbin Zeng","doi":"10.1186/s40824-023-00359-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40824-023-00359-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Macroautophagy is an essential cellular self-protection mechanism, and defective autophagy has been considered to contribute to a variety of diseases. During the process, cytoplasmic components are transported via autophagosomes to acidic lysosomes for metabolism and recycling, which represents application niches for lysosome-targeted fluorescent probes. Additionally, in view of the complexity of the autophagy pathway, it entails more stringent requirements for probes suitable for monitoring autophagy. Meanwhile, aggregation-induced emission (AIE) fluorescent probes have been impressively demonstrated in the biomedical field, which bring fascinating possibilities to the autophagy visualization.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We reported a generalizable de novo design of a novel pH-sensitive AIE probe ASMP-AP tailored to lysosome targeting for the interpretation of autophagy. Firstly, the theoretical calculation was carried out followed by the investigation of optical properties. Then, the performance of ASMP-AP in visualizing autophagy was corroborated by starvation or drugs treatments. Furthermore, the capability of ASMP-AP to monitor autophagy was demonstrated in ex vivo liver tissue and zebrafish in vivo.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ASMP-AP displays a large stokes shift, great cell permeability and good biocompatibility. More importantly, ASMP-AP enables a good linear response to pH, which derives from the fact that its aggregation state can be manipulated by the acidity. It was successfully applied for imaging autophagy in living cells and was proved capable of monitoring mitophagy. Moreover, this novel molecular tool was validated by ex vivo visualization of activated autophagy in drug-induced liver injury model. Interestingly, it provided a meaningful pharmacological insight that the melanin inhibitor 1-phenyl-2-thiourea (PTU)-induced autophagy was clearly presented in wild-type zebrafish.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ASMP-AP offers a simple yet effective tool for studying lysosome and autophagy. This is the first instance to visualize autophagy in zebrafish using a small-molecule probe with AIE characters, accurate lysosome targeting and simultaneous pH sensitivity. Ultimately, this novel fluorescent system has great potential for in vivo translation to fuel autophagy research.</p>","PeriodicalId":9079,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials Research","volume":"27 1","pages":"20"},"PeriodicalIF":11.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10012510/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9119360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}