BMC Oral Health最新文献

{"title":"Clinical consequences, treatment status, and parental awareness of traumatic dental injuries among high school students: a cross-sectional study in Cairo.","authors":"Maha A Elhousiny, Nada A Salem, Mervat I Fawzy, Mai M Mahmoud","doi":"10.1186/s12903-026-09675-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-026-09675-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study assessed the current clinical consequences and treatment status of previous traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) affecting permanent anterior teeth among adolescents aged 15-17 years in Cairo, Egypt, and evaluated parental awareness and knowledge regarding the emergency management of TDI.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>A school-based analytical cross-sectional study assessing treatment history was conducted among 2,000 secondary school students aged 15-17 years using multistage stratified sampling. Stage 1: Students underwent standardized clinical examinations, during which a diagnostic chart was completed to determine the prevalence of traumatic dental injuries (TDIs), with a collection of self-reported history on trauma, sociodemographic characteristics, cause and location of injury, treatment type, time elapsed since injury, and the activity at the time of trauma. Traumatized teeth were classified as either treated or untreated. Current clinical consequences were interpreted conceptually as persistent manifestations of the original injury, possible post-traumatic clinical findings, an indeterminate structural outcome, or a patient-reported impact. Tooth-level comparisons used binary logistic generalized estimating equations (GEE) clustered by student. Stage 2: A structured questionnaire to assess parental awareness of TDI management, treatment-seeking behavior and emergency knowledge among parents of traumatized students was distributed to the parents or legal guardians of students who met the inclusion criteria, along with written informed consent. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, bivariate analyses, and clustering-adjusted generalized estimating equations for tooth-level clinical findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Previous TDIs were confirmed in 340 students. A total of 350 traumatized teeth were recorded; 29 teeth were treated, and 321 were left untreated. Parental awareness questionnaires were completed by 240 parents. Clinical consequences were more frequent in untreated than treated teeth. Uncomplicated crown fracture, tooth discoloration, and esthetic complaints were the most common clinical findings. Sports and activity-related trauma contributed to nearly 70% of all recorded injury activities. Mouthguard use was uncommon. Parental knowledge of emergency management was limited.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Most recorded TDIs remained untreated, which contributed to a higher occurrence of complications in the affected teeth. These findings highlight the need to raise parental awareness of early intervention and first-aid measures and to improve students' awareness of the importance of mouthguard use during sports.</p>","PeriodicalId":9072,"journal":{"name":"BMC Oral Health","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13634208/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149104067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical behavior of endodontically treated molars restored using two restorative approaches and two CAD/CAM materials: an in-vitro study.","authors":"Ahmed Adel Naguib Khater, Ahmad Khaled Abo El Fadl, Ingy Nouh","doi":"10.1186/s12903-026-07835-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12903-026-07835-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Restoration of endodontically treated teeth (ETT) with significant coronal loss poses a challenge in clinical dentistry. Advances in CAD/CAM technology and biomimetic materials have introduced minimally invasive approaches, such as endocrowns and overlays, which can replace traditional post-core and crown approach.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this in-vitro study was to comparatively assess the mechanical behaviour of two restorative designs (endocrowns and overlays) fabricated from two CAD/CAM materials in endodontically treated mandibular molars.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Thirty-six endodontically treated lower molars (n = 36) were split into two main groups based on restoration type (n = 18): endocrowns and overlays. Each group was further subdivided into two subgroups based on the CAD/CAM material (n = 9): lithium disilicate (Tessera) and indirect composite (Crios). Restorations were fabricated and bonded to their respective specimens following a strict bonding protocol with an adhesive resin cement (Bisco self-adhesive). Thermo-mechanical aging (Chewing Simulator CS-4, SD Mechatronic) was conducted to simulate oral conditions, followed by a universal testing machine's evaluation of fracture resistance. The test was stopped after fracture. Fractured parts were analysed to determine mode of failure. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD) test for pairwise comparisons (α = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All specimens survived the 5,000 chewing cycles, simulating early intraoral service. Fracture resistance test showed significantly higher fracture resistance for overlays (2048.46 ± 664.63 N) than endocrowns (1234.54 ± 338.50 N) (p = 0.002). Crios overlays exhibited the highest fracture resistance (2384.60 ± 631.10 N), significantly outperforming Tessera overlays (1712.33 ± 559.59 N) (p = 0.043) and endocrowns (1354.20 ± 346.88 N) (p = 0.004). No substantial material change was seen in endocrown restorations (p = 0.445).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overlay restorations and indirect composite material (Crios) provide superior resistance to fracture compared to lithium disilicate overlays and endocrowns and may represent a reliable restorative option for endodontically treated molars.</p>","PeriodicalId":9072,"journal":{"name":"BMC Oral Health","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546502/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148896626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Static sagittal cervical alignment, pain, and jaw functional limitation across temporomandibular disorder subtypes: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Tolgahan Kara, Nursena Ünlü Kuzu, Elif Doğan, Dilan Bayram","doi":"10.1186/s12903-026-09794-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12903-026-09794-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to compare cervical sagittal alignment among temporomandibular disorder subtypes and to investigate the relationships between cervical alignment parameters, temporomandibular joint pain, neck pain, and jaw functional limitation.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 118 participants, including patients diagnosed with temporomandibular disorder (TMD) and healthy controls, were included in the study. The study was conducted between January 2, 2025, and July 2, 2025. Based on the DC/TMD criteria, participants were classified into four groups: healthy controls, myalgia, disc displacement with reduction (DDwR), and disc displacement without reduction (DDwoR). TMJ pain and cervical pain intensities were assessed using VAS, while jaw functional limitation was evaluated using the jaw functional limitation scale-8 (JFLS-8). Cervical sagittal alignment was assessed on lateral cephalometric radiographs using the C2-C7 Cobb angle, POCA, and O-C2 angle. Multivariate analysis of variance and correlation analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TMJ pain intensity and JFLS-8 scores were significantly higher in the DDwoR group compared with the control group and other TMD subtypes (p < 0.001). No significant differences were observed among groups in terms of C2-C7 Cobb angle, POCA, or O-C2 angle (p > 0.05). Statiscally significant but weak positive correlations were found between TMJ pain and neck pain, as well as between TMJ pain and jaw functional limitation (p < 0.001). A weak positive correlation was initially observed between TMJ pain and the C2-C7 Cobb angle; however, this association did not remain statistically significant after correction for multiple comparisons.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although TMD subtypes differ significantly in TMJ pain severity and jaw functional limitation, cervical sagittal alignment parameters do not significantly distinguish these groups. These findings suggest that sagittal cervical alignment has a limited role in explaining TMD-related symptom severity and highlight the multifactorial nature of temporomandibular disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":9072,"journal":{"name":"BMC Oral Health","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13589862/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149008058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolving aspects of oral care in older adults: a systematic review and Meta-synthesis.","authors":"Arash Neshati, Noosha Farzaie Ardejanie, Samaneh Naeimi, Marzieh Pashmforosh, Zahra Askari, Alireza Rafi","doi":"10.1186/s12903-026-09781-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-026-09781-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The global aging population has heightened the need for comprehensive oral care in older adults, yet evolving aspects such as preventive strategies, technological advancements, and interdisciplinary approaches remain underexplored. This systematic review and qualitative meta-synthesis aimed to synthesize qualitative evidence on perceptions, experiences, barriers, facilitators, and impacts of oral care in older adults, guided by the Socio-Ecological Model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following PRISMA and ENTREQ guidelines, a systematic search was conducted in MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science for qualitative studies published from January 2000 to December 2025. Eligibility criteria were defined using the SPIDER framework, focusing on older adults (aged ≥ 60) and stakeholders. Two reviewers independently screened records, extracted data, and appraised quality using CASP. Thematic synthesis was performed using NVivo to generate higher-order themes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 1,416 records, 49 studies were included, involving diverse participants from multiple countries. Four overarching themes emerged: [1] Meaning-Making and Beliefs Surrounding Oral Health (e.g., cognitive biases, links to general health, responsibility); [2] Barriers to Accessing and Maintaining Oral Care (e.g., financial, physical, systemic); [3] Facilitators, Strategies, and Ethical Considerations in Oral Care Delivery (e.g., interprofessional collaboration, education, autonomy); and [4] Oral Health as a Determinant of Quality of Life and Human Dignity (e.g., functional, psychosocial, broader implications). A conceptual model illustrated the cyclical evolution of oral care.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Oral health in older adults is influenced by multifaceted perceptions and systemic factors, impacting well-being. Findings advocate for interprofessional models, policy reforms, and education to address gaps and promote equitable, holistic care. Future research should explore digital interventions and multilingual syntheses.</p>","PeriodicalId":9072,"journal":{"name":"BMC Oral Health","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13629102/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149104085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced odontoblast regeneration and anti-inflammatory effects of nanocurcumin-loaded BM-MSC-derived exosomes in an LPS-induced periodontitis rat model.","authors":"Nehad M Abd-Elmonsif, Ahmed Morsy, Mona El Deeb","doi":"10.1186/s12903-026-09697-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12903-026-09697-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Periodontitis is commonly known as a chronic inflammatory disease which adversely affects pulpal and periodontal tissues, including odontoblasts. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (BM-MSC-Exo) and nanocurcumin (NCUR) possess anti-inflammatory and regenerative properties; however, their combined effects on odontoblasts remain insufficiently explored. The research target was to assess the histological, histochemical, and anti-inflammatory effects of BM-MSC-Exo and NCUR-loaded BM-MSC-Exo on odontoblasts of LPS-induced periodontitis in rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-eight male albino rats were assigned at random into four groups (n = 7 each): control, periodontitis, periodontitis treated with BM-MSC-Exo, and periodontitis treated with NCUR-loaded BM-MSC-Exo. Periodontitis was induced via intra-periodontal LPS injections. Histological evaluation was performed using hematoxylin and eosin staining, and collagen synthesis was analyzed using Masson's trichrome stain. Morphometric analysis of newly formed collagen and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels were conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Untreated periodontitis caused marked odontoblastic degeneration, reduced predentin thickness, and decreased collagen formation. Treatment with BM-MSC-Exo significantly improved odontoblastic architecture, enhanced collagen deposition, and increased IL-10 expression. NCUR-loaded BM-MSC-Exo demonstrated superior regenerative and anti-inflammatory effects, characterized by improved odontoblastic organization, increasing the area of newly formed collagen, and significantly elevated IL-10 levels compared with all other groups (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>BM-MSC-Exo exerts regenerative effects on odontoblasts in periodontitis, which are further enhanced by NCUR loading. NCUR-loaded BM-MSC-Exo declares an encouraging cell-free medicinal strategy for regeneration of periodontal and pulpal tissues.</p>","PeriodicalId":9072,"journal":{"name":"BMC Oral Health","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13543616/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148891022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical performance of a giomer-based pit and fissure sealant with and without air-abrasion pretreatment: a 12-month randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Yomna Sayed Khallaf, Olfat Elsayed Hassanein, Aya Mohamed Adly, Dina Kamal","doi":"10.1186/s12903-026-09691-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12903-026-09691-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pit and fissure sealants are widely used for caries prevention; however, their long-term success depends largely on retention. Giomer-based sealants containing surface pre-reacted glass ionomer fillers offer bioactive properties, yet concerns remain regarding their bonding durability when applied with mild self-etch primers. This randomized clinical trial evaluated the effect of bioactive glass air-abrasion pretreatment on the retention and caries preventive efficacy of a giomer-based sealant in young adults over 12 months.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This parallel-arm randomized clinical trial included 96 participants, each contributing one eligible sound permanent molar (n = 48 per group). Participants were randomly allocated to either bioactive glass air-abrasion pretreatment followed by application of a giomer-based sealant (intervention group) or application of the same sealant without pretreatment (comparator group). Sealant retention and secondary caries incidence were evaluated at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months using Simonsen's criteria, and modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria, respectively. The primary outcome was sealant retention at 12 months, whereas secondary caries incidence was assessed as a secondary outcome. Intergroup comparisons were analyzed using the Chi-square test. Intragroup comparisons were analyzed using Cochran's Q test followed by multiple comparisons. Relative risk with 95% confidence intervals was calculated. Statistical significance was set at p ≤ 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At 6 months, complete sealant retention was observed in 91.7% of teeth in the intervention group and 75.0% in the comparator group, with no statistically significant difference between groups (p = 0.068). At 12 months, complete sealant retention was significantly higher in the intervention group (87.5%) than in the comparator group (33.3%) (p < 0.0001). Teeth in the intervention group exhibited an 81.25% lower risk of sealant retention failure compared with the comparator group (RR = 0.1875; 95% CI: 0.0864-0.4069; p < 0.0001). No differences in secondary caries incidence were detected between groups during the 12-month follow-up period (p = 1.0000).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Bioactive glass air-abrasion pretreatment significantly improved the retention of a giomer-based fissure sealant compared with sealant application without pretreatment. No differences in secondary caries incidence were detected between groups during the 12-month follow-up period. Incorporating mechanical surface conditioning prior to sealant placement may enhance sealant retention without compromising preventive efficacy.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ , (NCT06003452), 15-08-2023.</p>","PeriodicalId":9072,"journal":{"name":"BMC Oral Health","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13539805/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148878803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The approach of orthopaedic and dental physicians to antibiotic prophylaxis for patients who have undergone total knee or total hip arthroplasty: A Questionnaire-Based Study.","authors":"Kübra Karaçam, Mustafa Erdem, Rahime Zeynep Erdem","doi":"10.1186/s12903-026-09777-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12903-026-09777-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The necessity of antibiotic prophylaxis before dental procedures in arthroplasty patients remains unsupported by strong evidence. The aim of this study was to determine the attitudes of dentists and othopedists towards antibiotic prophylaxis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 15-item questionnaire evaluating the demographic data of dentists and orthopaedic surgeons and their tendencies to administer antibiotic prophylaxis in various cases was delivered online. The data obtained were analyzed statistically using descriptive statistical methods and the Pearson Chi-square test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 460 respondents completed the questionnaire; 104 dental practitioners, 146 dental specialists, and 210 orthopaedic surgeons. The distribution of the responses to four items in the questionnaire was similar between the orthopaedic surgeons and dentists (p > 0.05). A statistically significant difference was determined between orthopaedic surgeons and dentists in respect of the responses to 6 items (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study results demonstrated that orthopaedic surgeons were more inclined to administer antibiotic prophylaxis than dentists. All participants were made aware of antibiotic prophylaxis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9072,"journal":{"name":"BMC Oral Health","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13563692/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148928995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermo-mechanical loading of innovative \"Mini-skirt\" preparation design versus conventional full-coverage maxillary central incisor preparation design: an in vitro study.","authors":"Mohammad Rayyan, Rana Walid Tawil, Dana El Ballouli, Ehab A Farghaly, Radwa Ibrahim Eltahawi, Mohamed B A Badawy, Omar Badran, Omayma Tantawy Said Mohammed, Alaa Mohamed Naguib, Nasser Hussein Shaheen, Mohamed Sayed, Sahar Mokhtar, Mohammed Moustafa Shalaby, Hatem M Ibrahim, Maha Fouad","doi":"10.1186/s12903-026-09357-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12903-026-09357-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Conventional full-coverage anterior crown preparations for zirconia often require substantial enamel and dentine reduction and may concentrate palatal-cervical stresses, risking marginal discrepancy and compromised seal. A conservative \"Mini-skirt\" (MS) design that positions the palatal finish line coronally (above the cingulum) could preserve tooth structure and enhance adhesive support, but its thermo-mechanical performance under thermal cycling and fatigue loading remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate whether a conservative MS anterior preparation, with a palatal finish line above the cingulum, improves the thermo-mechanical behavior of generation-5 zirconia crowns compared with a conventional full-coverage (CF) design.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty extracted maxillary central incisors were randomly assigned to MS or CF groups (n = 30). Monolithic 4Y zirconia crowns were CAD/CAM-manufactured, air-abraded and adhesively luted. Specimens were thermocycled 10,000 times between 5 °C and 55 °C, then obliquely loaded at 45° for 1.7 × 10⁶ cycles (50 N, 2 Hz); survivors underwent static fracture testing (0.5 mm·min⁻¹). Marginal gaps were quantified from silicone replicas; failures were classified Grades I-IV (restorable = I-III). Finite-element models (~ 1.3 M elements) reproduced boundary conditions to map stress.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The MS preparation endured thermo-mechanical ageing markedly better than CF: 93.3% (28/30) versus 53.3% (16/30) of crowns completed the fatigue protocol (χ² = 9.01, p = 0.003). Post-fatigue, median fracture load increased from 860 N (IQR 780-930 N) in CF to 1,140 N (1,030-1,260 N) in MS (p < 0.05). Mean marginal gap contracted from 112 ± 21 μm to 67 ± 14 μm (40% reduction, p < 0.001). Restorable fractures predominated in MS (83%) but were minority in CF (37%); catastrophic Grade IV failures fell from 63% to 17% (χ² = 13.6, p < 0.001). Finite-element analysis corroborated the laboratory data, showing a 40% drop in peak palatal-cervical von Mises stress (415 to 250 MPa) and parallel reductions in tensile dentine stress and cement-shear hotspots.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Within the limitations of this in vitro study, the MS preparation showed favorable biomechanical performance under simulated thermo-mechanical loading. These findings provide a preclinical rationale for further investigation of the MS design, although long-term clinical studies are required before definitive clinical recommendations can be made.</p>","PeriodicalId":9072,"journal":{"name":"BMC Oral Health","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13545772/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148896594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mandibular trabecular fractal dimension in individuals with type 2 diabetes and hypertension: a retrospective cross-sectional panoramic radiography study.","authors":"Burak İncebeyaz","doi":"10.1186/s12903-026-09785-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12903-026-09785-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study evaluated mandibular trabecular bone microarchitecture in individuals with Type 2 diabetes and hypertension using fractal dimension analysis on panoramic radiographs, comparing findings with healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 156 individuals (Control: 43, Hypertension: 63, Diabetes: 50). Fractal dimension was measured on mandibular molar regions using the box-counting algorithm. Age-related confounding effects were adjusted for using Analysis of Covariance. Intra-observer reliability was assessed via Intra-Class Correlation Coefficient.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Gender distribution was similar across groups, but controls were younger. After statistical age adjustment, systemic diseases impacted fractal dimension values. Age-adjusted fractal dimension averages for the diabetes (1.409) and hypertension (1.407) groups were higher than the control group (1.386). Intra-observer reliability was excellent.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Type 2 diabetes was significantly associated with higher microarchitectural complexity in mandibular trabecular bone, whereas the increase in the hypertension group did not reach statistical significance. Fractal analysis on routine panoramic radiographs may serve as an adjunctive non-invasive clinical tool to assess these systemic effects, though these preliminary findings require validation with established reference methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":9072,"journal":{"name":"BMC Oral Health","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13570501/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148954729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accuracy of large language models in the Turkish dental specialization examination (DUS): a multidimensional evaluation across disciplines and question formats.","authors":"Fatih Karaaslan, Muhammed Halil Yilan, Merve Tirimoğulları","doi":"10.1186/s12903-026-09758-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-026-09758-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the performance of contemporary Large Language Models (LLMs) on the clinical sciences component of the Turkish Dental Specialization Examination (DUS) by comparing their accuracy across disciplines, examination years, and question types.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The source dataset contained 1,040 scheduled clinical-science questions from the official DUS examinations (2012/1-2021). Thirteen officially cancelled items were excluded, leaving 1,027 evaluable questions across eight disciplines (871 MCQs, 119 CMCQs, and 37 IBMCQs). The same questions were submitted once to seven consumer AI interfaces. Overall and exploratory subgroup comparisons were performed using Cochran's Q test. Only the overall comparison was followed by 21 exact pairwise McNemar tests with Holm adjustment. Wilson 95% confidence intervals were calculated for overall accuracy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall accuracy differed among the seven interfaces (Cochran's Q = 669.10; p < 0.001). Gemini 2.5 Pro achieved the highest accuracy (92.9%; 954/1,027), whereas Qwen3-Max achieved the lowest (59.5%; 611/1,027). Exploratory Cochran's Q tests indicated omnibus differences among interfaces within every dental discipline (all p < 0.001) and within MCQ (Q = 669.91; p < 0.001), CMCQ (Q = 59.29; p < 0.001), and IBMCQ groups (Q = 14.68; p = 0.023). The IBMCQ result should be interpreted cautiously because only 37 items were available.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Under standardized, single-attempt Turkish DUS testing conditions, the evaluated consumer AI interfaces showed materially different accuracy across the full dataset and exploratory discipline- and format-based subgroups. These findings characterize examination performance only and require confirmation with novel, unpublished, clinically contextualized, and independently assessed questions before broader educational or clinical utility can be inferred.</p>","PeriodicalId":9072,"journal":{"name":"BMC Oral Health","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13632068/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149103917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}