BMC Oral Health最新文献

{"title":"Automated measurement of Little's Irregularity Index on intraoral photographs using a convolutional neural network.","authors":"Moritz Kanemeier, Tuna Ergün, Thomas Stamm, Claudius Middelberg, Jonas Q Schmid","doi":"10.1186/s12903-026-09870-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12903-026-09870-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Quantification of dental irregularities is essential for assessing case severity, evaluating treatment outcomes, and aiding early detection of fixed retainer failure. Measurements are typically performed on casts or digital scans, although manual measurement on intraoral photographs has been explored to enable remote monitoring. This study evaluated automated measurement of mandibular anterior irregularity on intraoral photographs using a deep learning model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A dataset of intraoral occlusal photographs annotated with contact points of mandibular anterior teeth was created to train a neural network model. Individual tooth displacements and Little's Irregularity Index (LII) were computed from these contact points. Annotation reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients, and agreement between model-derived and reference LII measurements was evaluated using Bland-Altman analysis on an independent test set. A supplementary, exploratory Bland-Altman analysis was performed at the tooth level. An a priori power analysis determined the required size of the test set, based on a predefined equivalence threshold of 2 mm for LII.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The model demonstrated precise localisation of contact points, with a mean radial error of 0.55 ± 0.22 mm. Tooth displacement and LII were predicted with mean absolute errors of 0.42 ± 0.32 mm and 1.37 ± 0.89 mm, respectively. For LII, Bland-Altman analysis revealed a significant bias of 1.07 mm, with limits of agreement ranging from -1.36 mm to 3.50 mm. The exploratory tooth-level analysis yielded a bias of 0.21 mm and descriptive limits of agreement ranging from -0.74 mm to 1.17 mm.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The neural network enables automated detection of mandibular anterior landmarks and estimation of LII from intraoral photographs. Since the limits of agreement were wider than the predefined equivalence threshold, the proposed model can currently only be recommended as a complementary tool.</p>","PeriodicalId":9072,"journal":{"name":"BMC Oral Health","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13579978/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148975620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skeletal displacements and upper airway changes following tooth-borne and tooth-bone-borne rapid palatal expansion in adolescents: secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Hai-Van Giap, Moayad Alomaym, Chooryung J Chung, Sung-Hwan Choi, Joo-Hee Chun, Amani Alkhamees, Kee-Joon Lee","doi":"10.1186/s12903-026-09784-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-026-09784-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to compare three-dimensional displacements of the maxilla and mandible, and upper airway changes, following tooth-borne rapid palatal expansion (TB-RPE) (Hyrax) and tooth-bone-borne miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion (TBB-MARPE). Additionally, the correlation between skeletal movements and upper airway changes was evaluated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a secondary analysis of a previous randomized clinical trial (RCT), recruiting patients with transverse maxillary deficiency and allocating them to TB-RPE or TBB-MARPE. Low-dose cone-beam computed tomography images obtained at pre-expansion and after 3 months of consolidation post-expansion were analyzed for 32 patients (TB-RPE group: n = 13, mean age = 13.15 ± 3.85; TBB-MARPE: n = 19, mean age = 13.68 ± 4.20). Skeletal displacements and changes in airway volume and cross-sectional area of the nasal cavity, nasopharynx, and total upper airway were assessed. Intergroup comparison and correlation analysis were performed. The level of statistical significance was set at 0.05. For multiple comparison correction of skeletal movements and upper airway changes, the significance level was determined using false discovery rate (FDR) adjusted p-values < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TBB-MARPE resulted in significantly greater maxillary expansion than TB-RPE; however, no significant difference was observed in maxillary and mandibular displacement between groups. Both groups demonstrated a slight forward and downward displacement of the maxilla (FDR-adjusted p < 0.05), with no significant mandibular position changes (FDR-adjusted p > 0.05). Significant increases were observed in anterior and middle airway cross-sectional areas, nasal cavity volume, and total upper airway volume in both groups, with greater improvement in the TBB-MARPE group (FDR-adjusted p < 0.05). No significant changes were found in the posterior cross-sectional area or nasopharynx volume (FDR-adjusted p > 0.05). Maxillary expansion were positively correlated with the increase in nasal cavity volume and total upper airway volume (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>TBB-MARPE facilitated greater maxillary expansion and upper airway enlargement after consolidation; however, both approaches presented similar skeletal displacement patterns, characterized by slight forward and downward maxillary movement and insignificant mandibular position changes. Within the limitations of this study, orthopedic maxillary expansion positively enhances the nasal airway but has minimal influence on the nasopharynx.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The original trial was retrospectively registered at the WHO International Clinical Trial Registry Platform (Registration number: KCT0006871 / Registration date 27/12/2021).</p>","PeriodicalId":9072,"journal":{"name":"BMC Oral Health","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13628872/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149104063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of simvastatin versus calcium hydroxide intracanal medications on postoperative pain and cytokine modulation in symptomatic apical periodontitis: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Mohammed Essam Othman Alghidany, Dina Ahmed Morsy, Olfat Gamil Shaker, Randa Mohamed El Boghdadi","doi":"10.1186/s12903-026-09793-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12903-026-09793-3","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Calcium hydroxide has long been used as an intracanal medicament in endodontics and remains widely applied due to its well-established antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. Owing to its clinical effectiveness, it is recommended for use in a variety of endodontic treatment situations. Simvastatin, a drug belonging to the statin class, has demonstrated potential immunomodulatory effects on periapical tissues when administered both locally and systemically. This study aimed to assess the effect of using Simvastatin versus calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)₂ intracanal medicaments on incidence and intensity of postoperative pain and periapical fluid levels of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Interleukin-8 (IL-8) one week post-instrumentation in patients with necrotic mandibular premolars with symptomatic apical periodontitis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Thirty patients diagnosed with single-canaled necrotic premolars, allocated randomly into two groups (n = 15 each). Root canal therapy was executed across two clinical sessions. Preoperative pain was recorded using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). After chemo-mechanical preparation, post-instrumentation periapical fluid (PS-1) was collected. The intervention group received Simvastatin gel, while the control group received Ca(OH)₂ intracanal medication. Participants self-reported pain intensity at 6-, 12-, 24-, and 48-hour intervals post-instrumentation. After one week, a second periapical sample (PS-2) was collected, and both IL-6 and IL-8 levels were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Final obturation was performed using a modified single-cone techniques with bioceramic sealer. Post-obturation pain was similarly documented. Data were statistically analyzed using Mann-Whitney U test for independent samples comparison, Wilcoxon signed rank test for related samples comparison, Friedman test for multiple related samples comparisons followed by Dunn's post hoc test for pairwise comparison, and Chi square test was used for independent group comparison of categorical data.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Simvastatin was associated with significantly lower postoperative pain intensity at 6 h post-instrumentation compared to Ca(OH)₂ (p = 0.037), while no significant differences were observed at other time intervals. The proportion of patients experiencing postoperative pain did not differ significantly between the two groups. Both medications reduced cytokine levels from baseline; however, intergroup comparisons showed no significant differences. Notably, Simvastatin significantly decreased both IL-6 (p = 0.017) and IL-8 (p = 0.002) levels, whereas Ca(OH)₂ significantly reduced only IL-8 (p = 0.005).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Simvastatin demonstrated comparable efficacy to Ca(OH)₂ in managing postoperative pain and reducing inflammatory mediators, suggesting its potential as an alternative intracanal medication. While Ca(OH)₂ remains the gold stand","PeriodicalId":9072,"journal":{"name":"BMC Oral Health","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13584345/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148981953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alterations of oral microbiome in oral potentially malignant disorders: a systematic review.","authors":"Sajad Torki, Mostafa Qorbani, Hanieh-Sadat Ejtahed, Arghavan Etebarian","doi":"10.1186/s12903-026-09734-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12903-026-09734-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), including conditions such as Oral lichen planus, Oral leukoplakia, Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia and Oral submucous fibrosis are associated with an increased risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Emerging evidence suggests that alterations in the oral microbiome may contribute to the pathogenesis of these disorders and their malignant transformation. This systematic review aimed to synthesize current evidence on oral microbiome composition and diversity in patients with OPMDs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar was conducted to identify eligible human studies published through August 2025. Studies evaluating oral microbiome profiles in patients with clinically and/or histopathologically diagnosed oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) were included. Data on study characteristics, sampling and analytical methods, microbial diversity, and differentially abundant taxa were extracted independently by two reviewers. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Owing to substantial clinical and methodological heterogeneity, findings were synthesized qualitatively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 56 studies were included, comprising 30 studies of Oral lichen planus, 9 of Oral leukoplakia, and 17 examining other OPMDs. 16srRNA sequencing was mostly used and whole unstimulated saliva was the most frequently collected specimen. The most prevalent microbial phyla identified in OPMD patients included Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Fusobacteria, but the direction and magnitude of changes varied across OPMD subtypes and sampling methods. Several studies reported an increase in pathogenic species such as Porphyromonas and Prevotella, while commensal bacteria like Streptococcus were less abundant. Findings concerning microbial richness and diversity were inconsistent.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Oral microbial dysbiosis is a common feature of oral potentially malignant disorders; however, a reproducible microbial signature has not yet been established. Substantial heterogeneity in study design, sampling strategies, and analytical approaches limits causal inference and clinical applicability. Future standardized longitudinal studies are needed to clarify the role of the oral microbiome in malignant transformation and its potential utility as a prognostic biomarker.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Prospero registration number: CRD42024516735.</p>","PeriodicalId":9072,"journal":{"name":"BMC Oral Health","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13591865/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149015395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fracture resistance of endodontically treated maxillary premolars restored with different bi-layered core and occlusal overlay materials: an in vitro study.","authors":"Samar Saleh Mahmoud, Khaled Aly Nour, Omaima Hassan Ghallab, Khaled Mohamed Adel","doi":"10.1186/s12903-026-09693-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12903-026-09693-6","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;This study evaluated the reinforcing effect of various core and overlay materials used in bi-layered restorations on the fracture resistance of compromised endodontically treated maxillary premolars with mesio-occluso-distal (MOD) cavities.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Three core materials were assessed: a packable short fiber-reinforced composite (everX Posterior (EXP)), its flowable counterpart (everX Flow (EXF)), and a dual-cure core material (GRADIA CORE (GC)). Each core material was combined with one of three overlay restorations: an indirect overlay (ID) using CERASMART 270, a direct overlay (D), or a semi-direct overlay (SD) using Gænial A'CHORD. A total of 110 sound maxillary premolars were allocated to 11 groups (n = 10), including a positive (sound teeth) and a negative (endodontically treated teeth restored with direct composite, without cusp reduction) control groups. Standardized endodontic treatment and MOD cavity preparation were performed with 2 mm buccal and palatal cusp reduction. Fracture resistance was assessed using a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. Failure modes were analyzed using Firth's logistic regression model, while fracture resistance was evaluated using two-way ANOVA followed by post hoc tests. The control groups were compared using an independent t-test. Statistical significance was set at p &lt; 0.05.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The overlay restoration, Core material, and their interactions significantly influenced fracture resistance (p = 0.043, p &lt; 0.001, and p &lt; 0.001, respectively). Within the direct overlay group, EXP exhibited the highest fracture resistance (1124.61 ± 213.32 N), significantly higher than EXF but not significantly different from GC. EXP also demonstrated relatively high fracture resistance across the tested overlay restorations. EXF exhibited the lowest fracture resistance in the direct overlay group (596.14 ± 171.40); however, in the indirect overlay group, both EXF and GC showed significantly higher values than EXP. No significant differences among core materials were observed in the semi-direct overlay group. Unfavorable failure mode predominated, with no significant differences observed among the experimental groups.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;The fracture resistance of bi-layered restorations was significantly influenced by both the core and overlay materials and their interaction. EXP maintained high fracture resistance across various bi-layered restorations, whereas EXF demonstrated technique-dependent performance. The indirect overlay group achieved high fracture resistance, but was not superior to all direct overlay restorations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Clinical relevance: &lt;/strong&gt;Packable short fiber-reinforced composite, particularly everX Posterior, demonstrated a promising synergistic effect with direct overlay restorations, resulting in fracture resistance comparable to that achieved with high-performance indirect o","PeriodicalId":9072,"journal":{"name":"BMC Oral Health","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13595698/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149023823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of arch form on the accuracy of digital workflow in all-on-four implant rehabilitation cases (an in vitro study).","authors":"Mohamed S Torky, Rewaa G AboElHassan, Amir S Azer","doi":"10.1186/s12903-026-09780-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12903-026-09780-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Variations in arch form may influence the accuracy of digital impressions for implant-retained fixed dental prostheses. Differences in arch width, curvature, and span length can affect scanning continuity and data stitching, potentially impacting trueness and precision during full-arch acquisition. However, the extent to which arch form and scanning strategy interact to influence digital impression accuracy remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of arch form on the accuracy of the digital work flow of implant-retained fixed dental prostheses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three maxillary edentulous full-arch models with different forms-ovoid (O), tapered (T), and square (S)-were 3D printed. Four implants were placed in each model and loaded with scan bodies. Reference scans were obtained using a high-precision laboratory scanner. Each model was scanned with a Medit i700 intraoral scanner (IOS) using three scanning strategies Linear (L), S-curve (S), and Wave (W). Each strategy was performed 10 times per model, generating 90 STL files. Trueness and precision were evaluated using Geomagic Control X software and statistically analyzed (α = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Arch form significantly influenced trueness (p < 0.001), with the tapered arch demonstrating the highest trueness, followed by square and ovoid forms. Precision was significantly affected by arch form (p < 0.001) and scanning strategy (p = 0.006). The wave strategy showed significantly greater precision than the other strategies. No significant interaction was found between arch form and scanning strategy (p = 0.769).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Within the limitations of this in vitro study, Arch morphology and scanning strategy significantly impact both the trueness and precision of full-arch implant scans. While tapered arches demonstrated statistically highest trueness and precision and the wave scanning strategy maximized precision, all tested combinations remained safely within the clinically acceptable threshold for passive prosthetic fit.</p>","PeriodicalId":9072,"journal":{"name":"BMC Oral Health","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13576345/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148975651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of calcium-containing solutions on fluorescence-detectable plaque area and enamel mineral volume: an in vitro and exploratory clinical study.","authors":"Zhi-Yun Lin, Earl Fu, Chung-Hsing Li, Ting-Han Chang, Da-Yo Yuh","doi":"10.1186/s12903-026-09789-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-026-09789-z","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Calcium-containing biomimetic materials have been investigated as adjunctive approaches for managing early enamel demineralization; however, clinical evidence regarding calcium-containing oral sprays remains limited. This study evaluated the effects of calcium-based solutions on fluorescence-detectable plaque-associated area on tooth surfaces through an in vitro experiment and an exploratory randomized clinical trial.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Extracted teeth with visible enamel carious lesions were immersed for 6 h in ultrapure water, artificial saliva, calcium solution, or artificial saliva plus calcium solution. Threshold-segmented enamel mineralized volume and fluorescence-detectable plaque-associated area were assessed using micro-computed tomography and quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF). In an exploratory randomized clinical trial, fifteen children were randomly assigned to placebo, a calcium-containing spray (Formula 1; 0.3% calcium lactate, 0.01% dicalcium phosphate, and 0.01% mesoporous bioactive glass), or the same formulation supplemented with 225 ppm fluoride (Formula 2) for two months. Fluorescence-detectable plaque-associated area and salivary calcium concentration were evaluated.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;In vitro, threshold-segmented enamel mineralized volume showed numerically higher post-treatment values in the artificial saliva and calcium-containing solution groups, while QLF-detected plaque-associated fluorescent area decreased across groups. Changes in mineralized volume were significantly negatively correlated with changes in fluorescence-detectable plaque-associated area (Spearman's ρ = -0.771, P &lt; 0.0001). Clinically, salivary calcium increased in both calcium-containing spray groups, although within-group changes did not reach statistical significance (both P = 0.0625). The calcium-plus-fluoride comparator demonstrated a significantly greater increase in Δsalivary calcium than placebo (P &lt; 0.05). Median fluorescence-detectable plaque-associated area decreased from 5.47% to 2.33% in Formula 1 and from 8.63% to 3.06% in Formula 2, whereas the placebo group showed minimal change (2.42% to 2.76%). Exploratory ANCOVA adjusted for baseline QLF, age, and sex supported a significant overall treatment effect (P = 0.009).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Both calcium-containing oral sprays were associated with greater reductions in the primary clinical outcome, fluorescence-detectable plaque-associated area, compared with placebo. No statistically significant difference in the primary outcome was observed between Formula 1 and Formula 2. Complementary in vitro findings showed numerically higher post-treatment mineralized volume values and a significant inverse association between ΔMV and ΔQLF-detected fluorescent area under controlled conditions. Together, these exploratory findings support further investigation of calcium-containing oral sprays in larger, adequately power","PeriodicalId":9072,"journal":{"name":"BMC Oral Health","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13628852/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149104083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of Giomer varnish versus fluoride varnish as desensitizing agents among a group of children with molar incisor hypomineralization: a randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Ethar Khaled Hassan Swidan, Hala Mohy Eldin Abbas, Shereen Hassan El Shamy","doi":"10.1186/s12903-026-09760-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12903-026-09760-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dentin hypersensitivity in children with Molar incisor hypo mineralization (MIH) causes transient sharp pain, adversely affecting oral health- related quality of life (OHRQoL). This research aimed to illustrate the effect of Giomer varnish versus Flouride varnish on hypersensitivity in children with MIH over 4 weeks.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Eighty-four children from 8 to 10 years old with a molar incisor hypomineralized hypersensitive permanent first molar were enrolled in the randomized controlled trial study, randomly allocated into two groups, Group I was the experimental group; subjects received Giomer varnish as a desensitizing agent. Group II was the control group, subjects received Flouride varnish as a desensitizing agent. The Schiff scale was used to assess hypersensitivity to evaporative stimulus, while the WONG-BAKER face pain rating scale was used to assess hypersensitivity to thermal and evaporative stimulus. OHRQoL was evaluated before and after treating hypersensitivity using the Arabic version of the Child Perception Questionnaire from 8 to 10 years, with follow up period 4 weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The statistical analysis revealed significant changes between the two groups for the evaluation of pain to evaporative stimulus using the face pain rating scale. After the first week, a statistically significant improvement in hypersensitivity was shown in the experimental group. Another significant difference arose between groups in the first and second weeks in group 1 after evaluating pain to evaporative stimulus using the SCHIFF scale. Evaluating pain response to thermal stimulus showed a significant difference in favor of the experimental group immediately and a week after treatment. Regarding OHRQoL, a significant difference between the two groups was also noticed, with greater improvement in the experimental group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Giomer varnish showed significantly greater immediate and sustained reduction in dentin hypersensitivity to both evaporative and thermal stimuli compared to the Fluoride varnish, improving Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL), Therefore, the newly introduced Giomer varnish could be a promising desensitizing agent for children suffering from increased hypersensitivity due to MIH.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>This clinical trial was registered at [ClinicalTrials.gov] under registration number [NCT05542667] on [13/9/2022].</p>","PeriodicalId":9072,"journal":{"name":"BMC Oral Health","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13576101/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148975625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of an experimental pulp capping material containing antibacterial and remineralizing peptide: an in vitro study.","authors":"Halime Çetiner, Hacer Balkaya, Sezer Demirbuga, Hatice Bekci","doi":"10.1186/s12903-026-09846-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12903-026-09846-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to characterize an experimental pulp-capping material prepared by incorporating a hydroxyapatite-binding antimicrobial peptide (HBAMP) into a resin-modified calcium silicate-based material (RMCS), and to evaluate its antibacterial, mineral deposition potential, and cytotoxicity properties.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The experimental groups were defined as Control, 1% HBAMP-RMCS, and 3% HBAMP-RMCS. Standard polymerized RMCS discs were fabricated for XRD, degree of conversion, microhardness, antibacterial, and cytotoxicity assays. For dentin surface analyses, human mandibular third molars were used. Half of the dentin surfaces were treated with the pulp-capping material, followed by application of a universal adhesive and a nanohybrid composite resin. After 72 h of storage in distilled water, and microhardness and SEM-EDX analyses were performed. Data were statistically analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The incorporation of HBAMP at 1 wt% and 3 wt% into RMCS caused no significant changes in the degree of conversion or microhardness values (p > 0.05). Regarding mineral deposition potential, HBAMP incorporation resulted in numerical increases in dentin microhardness and Ca/P ratio, although these changes were not statistically significant among the groups (p > 0.05). While HBAMP exhibited potent antibacterial activity against S. mutans and L. casei strains, no inhibition zones were formed when it was incorporated into the RMCS. Furthermore, no statistically significant differences were detected between the mean cell viability of the experimental groups in the MTT assay at the 24-h and 48-h evaluations(p > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The incorporation of HBAMP enhanced the early mineral deposition on dentin surfaces of RMCS without adversely affecting its physical properties. The 1% HBAMP-RMCS group demonstrated more consistent outcomes with respect to mineral deposition and cytotoxicity. The antibacterial effect of HBAMP was attenuated when incorporated into RMCS.</p>","PeriodicalId":9072,"journal":{"name":"BMC Oral Health","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13617825/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149073286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of posterior occlusal support with ultrasonographic characteristics of the masseter muscle: a prospective single-center study.","authors":"Alperen Tekin, Belde Arsan Özcan, Burcu Sümer, Büşra Erdoğan","doi":"10.1186/s12903-026-09730-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12903-026-09730-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Posterior occlusal support is associated with masticatory loading, but its relationship with masseter morphometry, a derived strain-elastography metric, and processed B-mode image texture has not been fully characterized. This observational study evaluated the association of posterior occlusal support, classified by the Eichner index, with masseter muscle thickness, estimated masseter volume, a derived strain-elastography metric, and B-mode image-texture fractal dimension in systemically healthy adults using a multimodal ultrasonographic protocol.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Of 112 enrolled systemically healthy individuals, four did not complete the ultrasonographic protocol; 108 participants (56 female, 52 male; mean age 51.12 ± 12.30 years) were analysed and classified as Eichner group A (n = 44), B (n = 43), or C (n = 21). Bilateral masseter thickness, estimated masseter volume, and a derived strain-elastography metric were assessed at rest and during non-force-standardized maximum voluntary clenching; resting B-mode image-texture fractal dimension was calculated from processed ultrasonographic images. Group comparisons, paired analyses, correlation analyses, and generalized estimating equation models were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thickness, estimated masseter volume, and the derived strain-elastography metric were higher during clenching than at rest (all p < 0.001). Thickness and estimated masseter volume were lower from Eichner A to C under both conditions (all p < 0.001). In exploratory analyses, the derived strain-elastography metric was higher in group A than in groups B and C, and resting B-mode image-texture fractal dimension was lower from A to C (p < 0.001). Adjusted between-group differences in rest-to-clench change were most consistent for thickness; interactions for estimated masseter volume and the derived strain-elastography metric were model dependent.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Reduced posterior occlusal support was associated with lower masseter thickness, lower estimated masseter volume, lower derived strain-elastography metric values, and smaller rest-to-clench changes, most consistently for thickness. Exploratory findings for B-mode image-texture fractal dimension also differed across Eichner groups but require validation using acquisition-standardized imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":9072,"journal":{"name":"BMC Oral Health","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13579981/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148981918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}