BMC Oral Health最新文献

{"title":"Populational influence on cephalometric landmark identification: performance of two AI-driven software programs in Brazilian and Korean images.","authors":"Thaisa Pinheiro Silva, Giovanna Sachs Puntigam, Maria Fernanda Silva Andrade-Bortoletto, Wilton Mitsunari Takeshita, Christiano Oliveira-Santos, Deborah Queiroz Freitas","doi":"10.1186/s12903-025-06807-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12903-025-06807-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the performance of cephalometric landmark identification performed by two AI-driven software programs in images from different populations (Brazilian and Korean).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty lateral cephalometric radiographs (30 Brazilian and 30 Korean) were analyzed. The Brazilian images were acquired using the Orthophos XG 5/Ceph device, while the Korean images were obtained from the International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging 2015 database. Images of patients with permanent dentition were included, excluding those with poor head positioning or severe craniofacial deformities. Twenty cephalometric landmarks were identified by two examiners used as the reference standard. Two AI-driven software programs, CefBot™ (Brazil) and WebCeph™ (Korea), automatically identified the same landmarks. Coordinate values for each landmark were measured using ImageJ, and the data were analyzed with Analysis of Variance and Dunnett's post-hoc test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Brazilian software showed high accuracy in identifying landmarks on Brazilian images (90%) but was less precise on Korean images (80%), with significant discrepancies in the Glabella, Menton L, Basion, and Orbitale landmarks. Similarly, the Korean software had a higher accuracy in its own population (95%) than in another population (85%), with notable inaccuracies in the Menton L, Basion, and Porion landmarks.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Discrepancies in the identification of specific landmarks, such as Glabella and Menton L, suggest that the accuracy of the software may be influenced by the training process itself and by the population origin of the training data.</p>","PeriodicalId":9072,"journal":{"name":"BMC Oral Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"1596"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12512714/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145273759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative and spectroscopic assessment of early-stage enamel erosion induced by popular acidic beverages.","authors":"Fajer AlHelal, Zakiya AlHomaizi, Maryam AlOmair, Lama W Yousef, Muawia A Qudeimat","doi":"10.1186/s12903-025-07009-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12903-025-07009-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the initial effects of Coca-Cola, Red Bull, their sugar-free variants, and bottled orange juice on enamel surface roughness and mineral content.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty-five sound human premolars were sectioned, mounted in resin, and polished to expose standardized enamel surfaces. After quality control, 75 samples (15 per group) were randomized and immersed in artificial saliva before submersion in acidic beverages (Coca-Cola, Red Bull, their sugar-free variants, and bottled orange juice) for 5 min. Surface roughness (Ra, Rq, Rz, Rv) was measured using optical profilometry, while Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis assessed mineral composition. The pH, titratable acidity, and buffering capacity of the beverages were also evaluated. Statistical analysis included paired t-tests, Wilcoxon signed-rank, Kruskal-Wallis, and ANOVA tests with p < 0.05 considered significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Coca-Cola showed the lowest pH (2.36 ± 0.05) while bottled orange juice had the highest (3.68 ± 0.03). Red Bull exhibited the highest titratable acidity (TA) (10.93 ± 1.17 mL NaOH) and buffering capacity (β) (2.97 ± 0.36), followed by orange juice (TA = 10.00 ± 0.40 mL; β = 2.97 ± 0.05). All beverages significantly increased surface roughness parameters (Ra, Rq, Rz; p < 0.05) except Rv for Coca-Cola (∆Rv= -0.23 ± 0.50, p = 0.094) and Coca-Cola Light (∆Rv=-0.34 ± 0.78, p = 0.114). Red Bull caused the greatest roughness changes (∆Ra= -0.12 ± 0.07, p < 0.001). FTIR revealed that Coca-Cola significantly elevated the PO₄ signal (ΔPO₄ = - 9.996 ± 17.305, p = 0.050), while Coca-Cola Light (∆Amide I = + 9.88 ± 17.39, p = 0.045) and Sugar-Free Red Bull (∆Amide I = + 50.25 ± 46.14, p = 0.001) decreased Amide I FTIR signal. Red Bull altered both PO₄ (∆PO₄= -1.72 ± 2.15, p = 0.008) and Amide I signals (∆Amide I = + 26.21 ± 37.80, p = 0.018). Orange juice showed no significant changes in any parameter (p > 0.05). Kruskal-Wallis tests confirmed significant differences between-group in post-exposure Amide I, Peak PO₄, mineral-to-matrix, and CO₃/PO₄ ratios (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates that all tested beverages increased enamel surface roughness within minutes, with energy drinks causing the most severe effects. While colas and energy drinks altered both surface and chemical properties, bottled orange juice affected only surface topography without detectable mineral changes. These distinct erosion patterns suggest that different beverages may require tailored preventive strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9072,"journal":{"name":"BMC Oral Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"1598"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12512267/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145273887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of high temperature with pressure polymerization on the physical and mechanical properties and dimensional changes of 3D-printed denture teeth resin.","authors":"Shanglin Wu, Yuriko Komagamine, Tamaki Hada, Keyu Qi, Pong Pongprueksa, Manabu Kanazawa","doi":"10.1186/s12903-025-06973-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12903-025-06973-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The optimal post-treatment methods for improving the mechanical properties and degree of conversion of three-dimensional (3D)-printed denture teeth resin remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the impact of high temperature with pressure polymerization on the degree of conversion, Vickers hardness, flexural strength and modulus, and dimensional changes of 3D-printed denture teeth resin.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In total, 180 specimens (Dima Print Denture Teeth A3; Kulzer) fabricated from the denture teeth resin using a digital light processing 3D printer (Cara printer 4.0; Kulzer) were randomly divided into five groups: no post-treatment (control) and post-treatment at 121 °C for 4, 30, 60, or 90 min. The air pressure applied during the treatments was set at 2 bar and was maintained throughout the post-polymerization process. Furthermore, 30 rectangular-shaped specimens (22 × 4 × 2 mm) were used for the degree of conversion test (6 specimens/group), 50 disk-shaped specimens (10 mm diameter × 2 mm thickness) were used for the Vickers hardness test (10 specimens/group), and 50 bar-shaped specimens (25 × 2 × 2 mm) each were used for the flexural strength, flexural modulus, and dimensional change tests (10 specimens/group). The degree of conversion, flexural modulus, and dimensional change of width were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Tukey's honest significant difference post hoc test. The flexural strength, Vickers hardness, and dimensional change of length were analyzed by Welch's ANOVA, followed by Dunnett's T3 multiple comparisons post hoc tests. The dimensional change of thickness was analyzed with a Kruskal-Wallis analysis and a post hoc comparison using the Mann-Whitney U test (α = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The degree of conversion and Vickers hardness values were the lowest in the control group and the highest in the 121 °C/90 min group. The flexural properties and error rates for length, width, and thickness were also the highest in the 121 °C/90 min group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Post-treatment at 121 °C for 90 min increases the degree of conversion and surface hardness of 3D-printed denture teeth resin, without damaging the resin's flexural properties, and maintains dimensional changes within acceptable limits.</p>","PeriodicalId":9072,"journal":{"name":"BMC Oral Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"1580"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12512582/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145257301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-vitro analysis of stress dynamics in polyamide and metal acrylic distal extension removable partial dentures.","authors":"Asmaa Ejaz Khan, Asif Ali Shah, Farasat Iqbal, Gotam Das, Asif Ali, Waled Abdulmalek Alanesi","doi":"10.1186/s12903-025-06969-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12903-025-06969-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to determine and compare the stresses transmitted by metal acrylic and polyamide removable partial dentures (RPDs) on free-end saddle areas.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty metal acrylic and polyamide removable partial dentures were made. The stresses transmitted on the free end saddle area were determined and compared by using the strain gauge resistance method, in which sensors were installed in the epoxy resin cast. The load was applied on removable partial dentures with the underlying cast through the universal testing machine. Data was collected through the connected strain meter and computer. The analysis was done using ANSYS version 15, and the results were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The polyamide distal extension removable partial dentures transmit higher but even stresses on the free end saddle area compared to metal acrylic distal extension RPDs. The forces transmitted by polyamide distal extension base RPDs distribute an even load on the ridge, whereas metal acrylic distal extension base RPDs distribute an uneven load on the ridge. P value equal to and < 0.05 was considered significant, and our results showed insignificant statistical differences.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Stress distribution in polyamide distal extension removable partial dentures is even compared to metal acrylic distal extension removable partial dentures. Even force distribution is less damaging to the bone and surrounding tissues.</p>","PeriodicalId":9072,"journal":{"name":"BMC Oral Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"1575"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12513151/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145257290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vivo biocompatibility of elderberry-enriched carboxymethyl chitosan in soft tissue and calvaria bone defects.","authors":"Bilge Cansu Uzun Saylan, Gizem Baysan, Osman Yılmaz, Candan Efeoglu, Serap Cilaker Micili, Nevin Ersoy, Mustafa Mahmut Baris, Kaan Orhan, Hasan Havitcioglu","doi":"10.1186/s12903-025-06991-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12903-025-06991-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9072,"journal":{"name":"BMC Oral Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"1582"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12512586/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145257292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accuracy of artificial intelligence in orthodontic extraction treatment planning: a systematic review and meta analysis.","authors":"SeyedMehdi Ziaei, Dorsa Samani, Mohammadreza Behjati, Ava Ostovar Ravari, Yasaman Salimi, Sina Ahmadi, Sahar Rajaei, Farnoosh Alimohammadi, Soheil Raji, Niloofar Deravi, Haleh Fakhimi","doi":"10.1186/s12903-025-06880-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12903-025-06880-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of artificial intelligence (AI) models in predicting dental extractions during orthodontic treatment planning.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following PRISMA guidelines and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024582455). Comprehensive searches were performed across PubMed, Scopus, Web Of Science, and Google Scholar up to June 2, 2025. Eligible cross-sectional studies assessing AI-based models against clinical standards were included. Data on model performance were extracted and pooled using a random-effects model. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were conducted to explore heterogeneity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven cross-sectional studies from six countries with a combined sample of 6,261 patients were included. Pooled sensitivity and specificity of AI models were 70% (95% CI: 61-78) and 90% (95% CI: 87-92), respectively, though heterogeneity was high (I² = 96.7% and 93.7%). Convolutional neural networks (CNN)-based models (ResNet and VGG) demonstrated the highest diagnostic performance with no heterogeneity. Meta-regression showed that disease prevalence significantly influenced sensitivity (p = 0.050). Funnel plots revealed asymmetry, suggesting possible publication bias.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AI models, particularly CNN-based models, show promising accuracy in predicting the need for orthodontic extractions. Therefore, they can be used to create predictive models for orthodontic extractions to increase accuracy. Due to the high heterogeneity, further large-scale studies are needed to support clinical implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9072,"journal":{"name":"BMC Oral Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"1576"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12512631/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145257215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic review and standardized comparison of health-related quality-of-life instruments available for patients with oral cavity cancer and oropharyngeal cancer.","authors":"Naira Figueiredo Deana, Carolina Ulloa, Francisco Ceballos, Nilton Alves, Rodrigo Mariño, Wilfredo Alejandro González-Arriagada, Carlos Zaror","doi":"10.1186/s12903-025-06984-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12903-025-06984-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To identify HRQoL instruments available for oral cavity cancer (OCC) or oropharyngeal cancer (OC) patients and to summarize the evidence on conceptual model measurement, psychometric and administration properties.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We searched MEDLINE, CENTRAL, EMBASE, and LILACS until April 2023. We included studies evaluating the concept model measurement, psychometric and administration properties of instruments measuring HRQoL in OCC or OC patients. Two researchers assessed each instrument independently, using the Evaluating Measures of Patient-Reported Outcomes (EMPRO) tool. We calculated the overall and seven attribute-specific scores (range 0-100) using the conceptual and measurement model, reliability, validity, responsiveness, interpretability, burden, and alternative forms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included seven instruments across 42 articles. The overall EMPRO score of these instruments varied between 84.1 and 29.3, with five questionnaires exceeding the threshold score of 50.0. The domains of conceptual and measurement model and interpretability performed best, while responsiveness exhibited the lowest performance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings support the use of EORTC QLQ-H&N43, EORTC QLQ-C30, and EORTC QLQ-OH15 as suitable HRQoL instruments for both cross-sectional or longitudinal studies to measure physical, symptomatic, psychological, or social impacts in patients with OCC or OC. FACT-H&N and UW-QoL were deemed appropriate for evaluating HRQoL in cross-sectional studies in these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9072,"journal":{"name":"BMC Oral Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"1584"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12512785/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145257335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of nomograms for ameloblastoma recurrence prediction: a multinational, two-center study from Seoul, South Korea and Wuhan, China.","authors":"Derong Zou, Hao Lin, Junxu Chen, Tianfu Wu, Hyung Jun Kim, Bing Liu","doi":"10.1186/s12903-025-06965-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12903-025-06965-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to construct and validate region-specific nomograms to predict ameloblastoma recurrence and to investigate potential geographic differences in recurrence-related risk factors between South Korea and China.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 816 patients with ameloblastoma treated between 2006 and 2023 were retrospectively analyzed from Yonsei University Dental Hospital (n = 372) and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University (n = 444). Demographic, radiographic, and pathological variables were collected. Logistic regression analysis identified recurrence-associated predictors. Separate nomograms were developed and internally validated for each cohort. Model performance was evaluated using the area under the curve (AUC), calibration curves, and decision curve analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The South Korean nomogram incorporated six variables, including pathological type, malignant transformation, surgical method, imaging type, tumor size, and cortical bone destruction (AUC = 0.757). The Chinese model incorporated eight predictors, including sex, root resorption, and number of involved teeth (AUC = 0.787). Calibration and decision curves indicated strong agreement between predicted and observed outcomes and favorable clinical applicability.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both nomograms demonstrated good predictive accuracy and highlighted regional differences in risk factors. These findings support the integration of multicenter data to enhance recurrence prediction in ameloblastoma.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The developed tools can guide individualized treatment planning and long-term follow-up, aiding clinicians in early identification of high-risk patients and optimizing surgical strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9072,"journal":{"name":"BMC Oral Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"1579"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12512969/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145257232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel method to define personalized post-orthodontic treatment dental arch form.","authors":"Yingying Su, Jiachao Zhang, Hanyan Ma, Xu Zheng","doi":"10.1186/s12903-025-06993-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12903-025-06993-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The dental arch is a fundamental aspect of orthodontic treatment and has considerable implications in planning and therapy. Since arch forms differ (e.g. tapered, ovoid, square), determination of posttreatment arch form should take each patient's dental arch features into account. This study aims to develop a method to predict optimal post-orthodontic treatment dental arch form.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Mandibular dental casts of 55 patients who underwent non-extraction treatment and presented with functional occlusion according to functional occlusion criteria were selected. The casts were scanned and digitalized, 18 landmarks were collected and the spatial coordinates were utilized to compute tooth size and intermolar width. Several mathematical functions were then used to ensure a best-fitting mandibular arch form, including beta function, polynomial equations and polynomial combined with circle equations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After applying several mathematical functions, we developed a mixed model made of two simple geometrical curves. The anterior segment of the dental arch was fitted with a circle and the posterior segment with a quartic curve; both could be calculated simply using tooth size.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present study presents a new approach to determine an individualized post-orthodontic treatment dental arch form, using the combined width of the lower teeth. The proposed method offers a simple and practical solution that can be easily implemented in clinical practice. These findings hold great promise for digital personalized treatment and the development of customized orthodontic appliances.</p>","PeriodicalId":9072,"journal":{"name":"BMC Oral Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"1587"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12512877/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145257280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolving aspects of oral care in modern nursing: a systematic review.","authors":"Elham Rasoulian Barzoki, Somayeh Fallah, Samaneh Marofi, Mahla Talebi","doi":"10.1186/s12903-025-07000-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12903-025-07000-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Oral care is a critical yet often neglected aspect of nursing, essential for preventing complications like ventilator-associated pneumonia and systemic inflammation. Despite its importance, nurses face challenges due to limited training, time constraints, and inconsistent protocols. The evolving role of nurses in oral care reflects broader healthcare shifts toward interprofessional and patient-centered models. This systematic review examines these dynamics to inform evidence-based improvements.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following PRISMA guidelines, this systematic review synthesized qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods studies from 2015 to 2025, sourced from PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and grey literature. Search terms targeted nurses' roles, perceptions, barriers, and interventions in oral care. Eligible studies involved registered nurses or students in healthcare settings, with data extracted on study characteristics, outcomes, and interventions. Quality was assessed using JBI and MMAT tools, and a narrative synthesis integrated findings via thematic analysis using NVivo.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 2,347 records, 32 studies across 12 countries were included, covering ICUs (n = 12), general wards (n = 8), and nursing homes (n = 5), with sample sizes ranging from 7 to 1,576 participants. Key themes emerged: inadequate knowledge due to limited education, variable attitudes influenced by setting, inconsistent practices lacking standardized tools, and barriers like workload and resource shortages. Enablers included enhanced training, with over 80% of nurses in multiple studies seeking further education, patient empowerment, interdisciplinary collaboration, and policy support. Training programs, such as virtual reality simulations, improved knowledge and confidence, while resource availability enhanced practice quality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nurses' effectiveness in oral care is hindered by educational gaps, systemic barriers, and inconsistent prioritization, but bolstered by targeted training and resources. These findings can guide nursing curricula and hospital policy reforms to prioritize oral care globally. Comprehensive nursing curricula, evidence-based protocols, and interdisciplinary collaboration are essential to elevate oral care as a core responsibility. Future research should focus on scalable interventions in diverse settings to enhance patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9072,"journal":{"name":"BMC Oral Health","volume":"25 1","pages":"1585"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12512569/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145257368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}