Bioresources and Bioprocessing最新文献

{"title":"Microbial lipid-based biodiesel production using wastewater: opportunities and challenges.","authors":"Ameera Al Shehhi, Yasmine Souissi, Anu Sadasivan Nair, Zeba Usmani, Minaxi Sharma, Nallusamy Sivakumar","doi":"10.1186/s40643-025-00897-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40643-025-00897-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rising environmental concerns and fossil fuel depletion necessitate the search for sustainable, alternative energy sources. Biodiesel is emerging as a viable alternative owing to its biodegradability, low toxicity, and reduced greenhouse gas emissions. This review highlights the environmental and economic advantages of biodiesel, with a special emphasis on microbial lipids from wastewater as a promising third-generation feedstock. The novelty of this review is the comprehensive evaluation of wastewater and sewage sludge as low-cost, nutrient-rich substrates for microbial lipid production. In this review, the biodiesel production by direct lipid extraction and microbial conversion routes is discussed. Biodiesel production from different types of industrial wastewaters, such as municipal, dairy, pulp and paper, brewery, and textile wastewater using oleaginous microorganisms is discussed as well. This review revealed that lipid content in different microbes ranged from 27 to 90% when different wastewaters were used as substrates. Further, this review compares the fuel properties of biodiesel derived from plant oils, animal fats, and microbial lipids, their fatty acid profiles, and estimated production costs, and it varies from 0.1 to 0.83 USD/L. In addition, this review also focuses on the biodiesel production from wastewater using microalgae, fungi, and bacteria. Biodiesel with a high cetane number of 64.47 was produced by Cryptococcus curvatus. Finally, key challenges in producing biodiesel from wastewater and future prospects are discussed, emphasizing the potential of wastewater as a substrate for sustainable biodiesel production.</p>","PeriodicalId":9067,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources and Bioprocessing","volume":"12 1","pages":"70"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12227401/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144559053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation and characterization of immobilized mannanase on polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA).","authors":"Zhiyue Men, Yafei Zhang, Zhao Pang, Tao Li, Hening Zhang, Yue Zhou, Ning Hao, Yajian Song, Yu Bai","doi":"10.1186/s40643-025-00886-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40643-025-00886-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Galactomannan oligosaccharides (GMOS), composed of 2-10 mannose units linked with β-1, 4 glycosidic bond as the main chain and galactose linked with α-1, 6 glycosidic bond as the side chain, are crucial for probiotic food synthesis due to their ability to promote the growth and activity of beneficial intestinal microbiota, enhance the host immune system, and improve nutrient digestion. GMOS is usually obtained by hydrolyzing plants such as locust bean gum and guar gum with mannanase. β-mannanase ManA from Alkaliphilic Bacillus sp. N16-5 can hydrolyze β-1, 4 glycosidic bond of galactomannan. In this study, an immobilization system was employed utilizing polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) biopolymers, which naturally have an affinity mainly mediated by hydrophobic interaction for PhaP protein. Fusion protein combining ManA with PhaP from Aeromonas hydrophila, was subsequently immobilized on PHA support to form a multi-enzyme complex, facilitating the hydrolysis of locust bean gum to generate GMOS. This immobilized enzyme enhances enzyme stability and reusability, can be reused up to 32 times while maintaining ~ 80% of its activity, offering substantial cost savings through in-situ enzyme and product separation. Additionally, the different PHA forms were developed to hydrolyze locust bean gum to produce GMOS, such as nano PHA particles, PHA electrospun materials, while these preliminary investigations show promise, further research is needed to optimize their performance and practical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":9067,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources and Bioprocessing","volume":"12 1","pages":"68"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12187623/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144483122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antagonistic potential and analytical profiling of plant probiotic bacteria using chromatography and mass spectrometry techniques against Botrytis cinerea and Fusarium oxysporum.","authors":"Gottumukkala Hiranmayee, Sarada Prasanna Mallick, Golamari Siva Reddy","doi":"10.1186/s40643-025-00853-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40643-025-00853-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plant probiotics are bacteria that play a significant role in enhancing plant growth and health. To understand the interactions between plant probiotics and host plants, a comprehensive approach of antagonistic activity and analytical methods such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography‒mass spectrometry (GC‒MS), and Fourier transform infrared (FT‒IR) spectroscopy, were employed. The previously isolated bacterial strains, namely, Corynebacterium accolens strain CNTC Th1/57, Bacillus rugosus strain SPB7, Lactobacillus pasteurii DSM 23907 and Cytobacillus firmus strain NBRC 15306, were exposed to antagonistic testing against Botrytis cinerea and Fusarium oxysporum. Considering the results of the antagonistic activity both in vitro and statistically, the bacterial strains Bacillus rugosus strain SPB7 and Lactobacillus pasteurii DSM 23907 presented greater zones of inhibition. Hence these bacteria were moved to obtain comprehensive insights into the chemical composition. HPLC and GC‒MS resulted in the identification of phenols and organic acids. These results were further confirmed by FT-IR, which revealed a peak at 3500 cm^-1 for Bacillus rugosus strain SPB7, where O-H, aromatic C-H and aromatic C = C stretching vibrations were also observed at 3069 and 1549 cm^-1. The peak at 1736 cm^-1 corresponds to the carboxyl group (-COOH) as the functional group with respect to Lactobacillus pasteurii DSM 23907. Further confirmation was performed by observing the other absorption bands at 3451 cm^-1 and 2958 cm^-1, indicating the presence of hydroxyl group (O-H) and alkyl group (C-H) stretching vibrations, thus confirming their potential for the production of phenols and organic acids, respectively, by bacteria. This findings would make a way to explore plant diseases, tolerance against pathogens, and also study ecological role of these bacteria in plant communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":9067,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources and Bioprocessing","volume":"12 1","pages":"67"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12181468/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144336211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oil palm residue-based cellulose acetate membranes enhanced with zinc oxide and n-methyl pyrrolidinone for batik wastewater treatment.","authors":"Belladini Lovely, Hasna Amalia Fauziyyah, Shendy Krisdayanti, Muhamad Zakky Irsyada, Lisna Efiyanti, Wara Dyah Pita Rengga, Novitri Hastuti, R A Ilyas, Mohd Nor Faiz Norrrahim, Victor Feizal Knight","doi":"10.1186/s40643-025-00880-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40643-025-00880-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As the world's top producers of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis), Indonesia and Malaysia are urged to propose a value-added valorization of its lignocellulosic biomass, oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB). Meanwhile, the nations' signature 'batik' textile industries are in dire need of optimum remediation treatments of their wastewater high in harmful dyes and chemicals. Organic-inorganic hybrid systems of mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) for heavy metals removal were prepared using OPEFB-based cellulose acetate (CA) and zinc oxide (ZnO; 0.5, 0.75, 1%, w/v) in N-methyl pyrrolidinone (NMP; 89, 90, 91%, v/v). The high crystallinity (62.42%) and fibrils' web-like structure of OPEFB-CA were confirmed. Microscopic observation of OPEFB CA-NMP-ZnO membranes evidenced the porous yet smooth surface due to the use of plasticizing NMP, as well as uniform dispersion of ZnO particles. MMM 2 (0.75%ZnO; 90%NMP) was the best-performing membrane mechanically with excellent tensile strength (1.78 MPa), Young's modulus (0.13 GPa), and elongation-at-break (2.59%), while thermal stability (T_d,5%, 291 °C) improvement was also highlighted. Pores characteristics on size, volume, and surface area were discussed, too. Remediation performance was excellent even at high (20%) effluent concentration reaching 28% and 65% removal of Cu and Pb, respectively, by MMM 1 (0.5%ZnO; 89%NMP). These findings confirmed the promising prospect of the developed membranes as a wastewater remediation treatment, including in textile industries.</p>","PeriodicalId":9067,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources and Bioprocessing","volume":"12 1","pages":"64"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12179051/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144324459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Degradation of beechwood xylan using food-grade bacteria-like particles displaying β-xylosidase from Limosilactobacillus fermentum.","authors":"Robie Vasquez, Ji Hoon Song, Jae Seung Lee, Bernadette Bagon, Sanghoon Kim, Valerie Diane Valeriano, Dae-Kyung Kang","doi":"10.1186/s40643-025-00898-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40643-025-00898-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The display of enzymes on bacterial surfaces is an interesting approach for immobilising industrially important biocatalysts. In recent years, non-recombinant surface display using food-grade bacteria, such as lactic acid bacteria (LAB), have gained interest because of their safety, simplicity, and cost-effectiveness. β-Xylosidase is one of the many biocatalytic enzymes targeted for immobilisation due to its key role in the complete saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass, including xylan hemicellulose. Recently, the xylose-tolerant β-xylosidase, LfXyl43, was identified in Limosilactobacillus fermentum. LfXyl43 is capable of producing xylose from the degradation of xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) and beechwood xylan. This study aimed to immobilise this new biocatalyst on the surface of LAB-derived bacteria-like particles (BLP) and investigate its applicability and reusability in the degradation of xylan hemicellulose. Additionally, the influence of the anchor position and the presence of linker peptides on the display and activity of the β-xylosidase was investigated. Four expression vectors were constructed to express different anchor-xylosidase fusion proteins. Upon expression and purification, all anchor-xylosidase fusion proteins were active towards the artificial substrate p-nitrophenyl-β-D-xylopyranoside. In addition, all anchor-xylosidase fusion proteins were successfully displayed on the surface of BLP. However, only the β-xylosidases with linker peptide showed hydrolytic activity after immobilisation on BLP. BLP displaying β-xylosidases demonstrated high activity against XOS and beechwood xylan, thereby producing high amounts of xylose. Moreover, the immobilised enzyme demonstrated reusability across several bioconversion cycles. Overall, this study highlights the potential industrial application of surface-displayed β-xylosidase for the effective degradation of lignocellulosic biomass.</p>","PeriodicalId":9067,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources and Bioprocessing","volume":"12 1","pages":"66"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12179037/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144324458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blasting extrusion pretreatment of sweet sorghum bagasse for enhanced enzymatic saccharification and ethanol production using Pichia kudriavzevii ATCC 20,381.","authors":"Benjamín Vázquez-Rodríguez, Erick Heredia-Olea, Adriana Alamilla-Morales, Esther Pérez-Carrillo, David A Perez-Perez, Sergio O Serna-Saldívar","doi":"10.1186/s40643-025-00905-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40643-025-00905-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9067,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources and Bioprocessing","volume":"12 1","pages":"65"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12179023/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144324456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current breakthroughs and advances in atmospheric room temperature plasma (ARTP) technology for biomanufacturing.","authors":"Yu-Hsiu Li, Jiun-Jang Juo, I-Son Ng","doi":"10.1186/s40643-025-00907-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40643-025-00907-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atmospheric and Room Temperature Plasma (ARTP) mutagenesis has emerged as a novel and powerful physical mutation technology for microbial strain improvement recently. ARTP operates at atmospheric pressure and room temperature using a helium plasma jet, inducing widespread genomic mutations through reactive species and DNA damage. Compared to traditional mutagenesis methods, ARTP is safer, more efficient, and capable of producing high mutation rates without genetic modification, making it a valuable and sophisticated tool in biomanufacturing. This review outlines the principles and diverse applications of ARTP technology for enhancing enzyme activity, metabolite yields, and stress tolerance across various organisms. It also provides a comprehensive discussion of underlying biological mechanisms, workflow, optimization parameters, and potential cellular instability associated with ARTP-induced mutagenesis. Finally, current breakthroughs and future perspectives of ARTP mutagenesis are addressed, emphasizing its role in advancing next-generation microbial platforms for industrial biotechnology and environmental sustainability.</p>","PeriodicalId":9067,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources and Bioprocessing","volume":"12 1","pages":"63"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12176711/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144324457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking the potential of sugarcane bagasse: a comprehensive analysis for advanced energy conversion.","authors":"Nestor Proenza Pérez, Javier Alejandro Rodríguez Travieso, Elbis D Espaux Shelton, Daniel Travieso Pedroso, Einara Blanco Machin, Celso Eduardo Tuna, José Luz Silveira","doi":"10.1186/s40643-025-00878-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40643-025-00878-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The sugarcane bagasse was analyzed for Particle Size Distribution (PSD) with a mean geometric diameter of 0.722 mm. Various standard techniques assessed its physical and chemical properties, including density measurements, higher heating value (HHV), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA/DTA), and compositional, proximate, ultimate, and CHNS/O analysis. The raw bagasse showed higher volatile matter, fixed carbon, ash content, and HHV of 16 MJ/kg, with lower moisture content (8.71%). Thermal analysis indicated a peak degradation temperature for organic matter at 310-330 °C, and bagasse exhibited a higher combustion index than fossil fuels and other biomasses. Logarithmic models were obtained to determine the real, particle, and apparent densities of bagasse with the mean particle size within the 0.075-9.5 mm range, showing adequate results for particles with a mean diameter greater than 0.15 mm. For smaller particles, the reported errors were 12.6%, 8.23%, and 28%, respectively. These findings highlight sugarcane bagasse's significant potential for thermochemical conversion systems and its importance in selecting and designing fluidized bed technologies like pneumatic conveying, drying, combustion, and gasification equipment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9067,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources and Bioprocessing","volume":"12 1","pages":"60"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12170471/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144309513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of pyrolysis conditions for Catha edulis waste-based biochar production using response surface methodology.","authors":"Abdi Birhanu, Abrha Mulu Hailu, Zemene Worku, Israel Tessema, Kenatu Angassa, Solomon Tibebu","doi":"10.1186/s40643-025-00866-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40643-025-00866-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Catha edulis (Khat) waste (KW) is one of the challenging waste managements in Ethiopian urban areas. While biochar from other biomass sources has been studied, the effect of pyrolysis conditions on Catha edulis waste-based biochar yield and quality remains unexplored. Therefore, this study aims to optimize the biochar production process from Catha edulis waste for high yield and desirable characteristics. The KW and biochar were characterized using FTIR, BET, proximate analysis and other key parameters. The results indicated that KW possesses favorable properties for thermochemical conversion, with low ash content (4.35% wt. dry basis) and significant organic constituents (46.89% cellulose, 28.53% lignin, 19.62% hemicellulose, 4.96% extractives). The effect of pyrolysis process variables embracing reaction temperature, reaction time, and particle size on biochar yield and quality was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) coupled with central composite design (CCD). The biochar was desirably characterized by a pH of 8.96, fixed carbon of 60.08%, ash content of 10.55%, and a yield of 45.12% at the optimum production processes of 390 °C, 44 min, and 0.7 mm particle size. Moreover, the study found that pyrolysis temperature was the most influential factor across all responses (yield and quality). Consequently, the biochar (yield and quality) was significantly (p < 0.05) influenced by pyrolysis temperature. In conclusion, the study inferred that KW holds substantial potential for biochar production with remarkable soil amendment characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":9067,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources and Bioprocessing","volume":"12 1","pages":"62"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12174027/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144315871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coupling optimization of cell growth cycle and key enzyme membrane localization for enhanced synthesis of high molecular weight heparosan by Corynebacterium glutamicum.","authors":"Jing Yu, Yang Zhang, He Zhang, Zemin Li, Zheng-Jun Li, Tianwei Tan","doi":"10.1186/s40643-025-00899-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40643-025-00899-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>High-molecular weight heparosan (HMW-heparosan) is a member of the glycosaminoglycan family. It possesses various chemical and physical properties suitable for a range of high-quality tissue engineering biomaterials, gels, scaffolds, and drug delivery systems. In this study, the HMW-heparosan biosynthesis pathway was engineered in Corynebacterium glutamicum through the introduction of heparosan synthase PmHS2 from Pasteurella multocida combined with overexpression of the key genes ugdA and galU, resulting in the generation of a stable HMW-heparosan-producing strain. Subsequently, to address metabolic flux competition, endogenous glycosyltransferases were systematically deleted to minimize UDP-glucose consumption, leading to a significant increase in HMW-heparosan accumulation. Additionally, cell growth was optimized by overexpressing transcriptional regulators whcD and PnkB, which was found to improve cell growth while creating an improved intracellular environment for biosynthesis. Notably, the critical enzyme heparosan synthase PmHS2 was relocated to the cell membrane by cell membrane display motifs porB, with its stability and catalytic efficiency being significantly enhanced so that the titer of HMW-heparosan reached 1.40 g/L in shake-flasks. Ultimately, the engineered strain was demonstrated to achieve HMW-heparosan production at 7.02 g/L with an average molecular weight (Mw) of 801 kDa in 5 L fed-batch bioreactor. These results demonstrate combinatorial optimization of cell factories, especially cell morphology and membrane localization of key enzymes, is efficacious and likely applicable for the production of other biopolymers.</p>","PeriodicalId":9067,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources and Bioprocessing","volume":"12 1","pages":"61"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12170474/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144309512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}