BJPsych Open最新文献

{"title":"Perception of economic inequality and its association with depressive symptoms and suicide ideation among young adults in South Korea.","authors":"Minjae Choi, Joshua Kirabo Sempungu, Joon Hee Han, Mi-Hyui Kim, Eun Hae Lee, Yo Han Lee","doi":"10.1192/bjo.2025.785","DOIUrl":"10.1192/bjo.2025.785","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Inequality can increase the risk of poor mental health. Objective measures explain the effects of socioeconomic disparities, but individuals may perceive inequality differently.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aimed to investigate the association between the perception of economic inequality and depressive symptoms and suicide ideation.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We used data from the Survey of Korean Youths' Lives, a nationally representative cross-sectional study of 14 918 young adults aged 19-34 years in South Korea. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the association between perceived economic inequalities (i.e. income inequality and inequality of intergenerational mobility) and depressive symptoms/suicide ideation. Additionally, subgroup analyses were performed based on objective and subjective income levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Young adults with a high perception of economic inequality were more likely to experience depressive symptoms and suicide ideation. For example, those with a high perception of intergenerational mobility inequality had higher odds of depressive symptoms (odds ratio 1.82, 95% CI 1.49, 2.23) and suicide ideation (odds ratio 1.87, 95% CI 1.35, 2.60). Statistical evidence showed no interaction between the perception of inequalities and income, suggesting that a high perception of inequalities is associated with depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation, regardless of income. Nevertheless, the strongest association with poor mental health was observed in those with high perceived inequality and low income.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study shows that the way young adults perceive economic inequality could affect their depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation. The findings highlight the importance of reducing these perceptions and addressing economic inequalities to improve mental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":9038,"journal":{"name":"BJPsych Open","volume":"11 4","pages":"e148"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12303835/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144625362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of high- and low-risk drinking after group treatment for alcohol use disorder.","authors":"Kristoffer Høiland, Espen Kristian Ajo Arnevik, Lien My Diep, Tove Mathisen, Anette Søgaard Nielsen, Jens Egeland","doi":"10.1192/bjo.2025.10047","DOIUrl":"10.1192/bjo.2025.10047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Understanding the factors influencing alcohol use disorder (AUD) treatment outcomes is essential. More knowledge about patient characteristics that predict treatment outcomes can help personalise interventions, improve treatment planning and address the needs of specific subgroups. The frequency of treatment attendance may also affect drinking outcomes after treatment. Despite research efforts, uncertainty remains about how patient factors and treatment attendance influence treatment outcomes.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To examine how patient factors and treatment attendance predict high- or low-risk drinking at the end of treatment.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We used data (<i>N</i> = 92) from a multisite observational study of treatment-seeking individuals with AUD attending group treatment. Sociodemographic measures, alcohol and substance use measures, cognitive functioning, psychological distress, personality functioning and quality of life were screened in univariate analyses. Significant variables were entered into a binary logistic regression model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Individuals with a higher percentage of treatment attendance (odds ratio 0.96 [95% CI 0.93, 0.96]) and with greater responsiblity scores on the Severity Indices of Personality Functioning (odds ratio 0.30 [95% CI 0.14, 0.64]) had a decreased likelihood of high-risk drinking at treatment end. Substance use, psychological distress and cognitive functioning were not associated with drinking levels at the end of treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A higher percentage of treatment attendance has a minor effect on drinking levels. Being more responsible, as reflected in higher scores on the responsibility domain, reduces the likelihood of high-risk drinking at the end of treatment. Clinicians are encouraged to screen and assess personality functioning when planning treatment for individuals with AUD.</p>","PeriodicalId":9038,"journal":{"name":"BJPsych Open","volume":"11 4","pages":"e150"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12303829/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144625363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Grief, bereavement and prolonged grief disorder: scoping and mapping the evidence.","authors":"Gary Raine, Claire Khouja, Meena Khatwa, Helen Fulbright, Katy Sutcliffe, Amanda J Sowden","doi":"10.1192/bjo.2025.10050","DOIUrl":"10.1192/bjo.2025.10050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Some individuals experience abnormally persistent and intense symptoms of grief that significantly interfere with daily functioning. This condition has been described using terms such as complicated or prolonged grief and prolonged grief disorder (PGD).</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To identify the availability of evidence addressing a range of policy relevant issues related to grief, bereavement and PGD. In this paper we focus on the availability of evidence from systematic reviews.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We searched 12 databases and the websites of 18 grief- or bereavement-related organisations. Using key characteristics extracted from included reviews, we produced a high-level overview of the available evidence that enabled potential research gaps to be identified.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 212 reviews - 103 focused on people's experiences of grief/bereavement including service use; 22 reported on PGD prevalence, 42 on PGD risk factors, 37 on factors that influence grief more broadly and 80 on the effectiveness of grief-related interventions. Fifty-five reviews focused on multiple issues of interest. Half of reviews focused on a specific cause/type of death (<i>n</i> = 108). Of these reviews, most focused on three main causes/types of death: a specific health condition or terminal illness (<i>n</i> = 36), perinatal loss (<i>n</i> = 34) and suicide (<i>n</i> = 20).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We identified a large number of reviews, but key evidence gaps exist, particularly in relation to intervention cost-effectiveness and social, organisational or structural-level interventions that are needed for addressing inequities and other modifiable factors that can impair grieving and potentially increase the risk of PGD.</p>","PeriodicalId":9038,"journal":{"name":"BJPsych Open","volume":"11 4","pages":"e149"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12247072/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144607273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune DNA methylation in depression: cross-sectional and longitudinal study.","authors":"Marisol Herrera-Rivero, Matthias Nauck, Klaus Berger, Bernhard T Baune","doi":"10.1192/bjo.2025.10065","DOIUrl":"10.1192/bjo.2025.10065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Immune dysregulation contributes to the pathophysiology of depression and is a potential link between depression and comorbid medical conditions. DNA methylation is a dynamic transcriptional regulator of the immune system.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To study changes in DNA methylation of disease- and comorbidity-associated immune genes in patients with and without depression diagnoses from the German BiDirect Study.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We performed a cross-sectional (baseline, y0) and longitudinal (consecutive assessments at 3-year intervals, y0, y3, y6) differential methylation analyses of 382 immune-related genes associated with depression, obesity, diabetes and/or gout in 276 patients with depression and in 207 individuals without a lifetime depression diagnosis from the BiDirect Study. In addition, we applied unsupervised clustering to identify subgroups of individuals with depression based on longitudinal methylation patterns.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no significant methylation changes between individuals with depression and controls at baseline. Follow-up analyses used to assess the top (<i>P</i> < 0.05) 151 methylation probes longitudinally identified 42 CpG sites that showed time-dependent changes associated with depression, and defined 3 depression clusters with differential profiles of serum inflammation markers at baseline. The implicated genes corresponded in the majority to those associated with diabetes risk, and were enriched in processes relevant for haematopoiesis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results suggest that immune dysregulation associated with DNA methylation profiles contributes to the pathophysiology of depression and is a plausible link to chronic medical conditions such as diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9038,"journal":{"name":"BJPsych Open","volume":"11 4","pages":"e129"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12247058/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144599346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medicinal cannabis for tics in adolescents with Tourette syndrome.","authors":"Valsamma Eapen, Ping-I Lin, Kaitlyn Taylor, Eunice Chan, Paul Chay, Noel Cranswick, Amy Ka, Feroza Khan, Jonathan M Payne, Chidambaram Prakash, Ramya Velalagan, Daryl Efron","doi":"10.1192/bjo.2025.35","DOIUrl":"10.1192/bjo.2025.35","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Medicinal cannabis has been trialled for Tourette syndrome in adults, but it has not been studied in adolescents. This open-label, single-arm trial study evaluated the feasibility, acceptability and signal of efficacy of medicinal cannabis in adolescents (12-18 years), using a Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol:cannabidiol ratio of 10:15, with dose varying from 5 to 20 mg/day based on body weight and response. The study demonstrated feasibility of recruitment, acceptability of study procedures, potential benefits and a favourable safety profile, with no serious adverse events. Commonly reported adverse events were tiredness and drowsiness, followed by dry mouth. Statistically significant improvement was observed in parent and clinician reports on tics (paired <i>t</i>-test <i>P</i> = 0.003), and behavioural and emotional issues (paired <i>t</i>-test <i>P</i> = 0.048) and quality of life as reported by the parent and young person (paired <i>t</i>-test <i>P</i> = 0.027 and 0.032, respectively). A larger-scale, randomised controlled trial is needed to validate these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":9038,"journal":{"name":"BJPsych Open","volume":"11 4","pages":"e145"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12247065/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144599347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of CD33 genetic variants with neurocognitive profiles in chronic viral hepatitis.","authors":"Wei-Fang Tsai, Rwei-Ling Yu, Wan-Long Chuang, Jee-Fu Huang, Chia-Yen Dai, Yu-Wen Alvin Huang, Chun-Hsiang Tan","doi":"10.1192/bjo.2025.10048","DOIUrl":"10.1192/bjo.2025.10048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>CD33 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease primarily through its role in inhibiting the clearance of beta-amyloid (Aβ). However, genetic studies yield mixed results and it is unclear whether the impact of CD33 is specific to Alzheimer's disease or related to broader neurodegenerative processes. Interestingly, CD33 has also been shown to interact with the hepatitis B (HBV) and C viruses (HCV).</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aims to investigate the effects of CD33 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on cognitive functions across diverse populations, including healthy controls, individuals with chronic HBV or HCV and those diagnosed with Parkinson's disease.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We genotyped CD33 SNPs in 563 participants using the Affymetrix platform. Participants' cognitive functions were cross-sectionally assessed using a neuropsychological test battery spanning six domains.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our analysis revealed that CD33 SNP variations had no significant cognitive impact on healthy individuals or Parkinson's disease patients. However, chronic HBV and HCV patients exhibited significant cognitive differences, particularly in memory, related to CD33 SNP genotypes. Moderation analysis indicated a heightened influence of CD33 SNPs on cognitive functions in chronic HBV and HCV individuals. Our data also suggest that inflammation severity may modulate the cognitive effects in hepatitis patients with specific CD33 SNPs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights the importance of CD33 SNPs in cognitive outcomes, emphasising their role in the context of chronic viral hepatitis. It contributes to understanding the cognitive profiles influenced by CD33 SNPs and posits CD33's potential contribution to neurodegenerative disease progression, potentially intensified by HBV/HCV-induced inflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9038,"journal":{"name":"BJPsych Open","volume":"11 4","pages":"e147"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12247067/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144599345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fragmentation in adolescent health care provision.","authors":"Mina Fazel, Emma Soneson","doi":"10.1192/bjo.2025.10059","DOIUrl":"10.1192/bjo.2025.10059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This editorial argues for integrated, developmentally informed models of mental health care for adolescents that address pervasive structural misalignments across health, education and social care. Adolescent admissions must be understood within a whole-system and lifespan framework, recognising varied reasons for admission and long-term impacts on engagement, trust and identity.</p>","PeriodicalId":9038,"journal":{"name":"BJPsych Open","volume":"11 4","pages":"e142"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12247060/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144583009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beliefs about the causes and treatment of common mental illnesses and suicidality in rural Uganda.","authors":"Yang Jae Lee, Rita Mbabazi, Ondine Jevremov, Shakira Nakaweesi, Ella Brodey, Jason Wykoff, Roshan Sivakumar, Rauben Kazungu, Ibrahim Ssekalo, Robert Rosenheck, Alexander C Tsai","doi":"10.1192/bjo.2025.10066","DOIUrl":"10.1192/bjo.2025.10066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mental illnesses constitute a large and escalating portion of the global burden of disease, particularly in low- and middle-income countries like Uganda. Understanding community perceptions towards mental illness is crucial for developing effective interventions.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To explore beliefs about the perceived causes and treatment of common mental illnesses (depression, anxiety, alcohol use disorder) and suicidality in rural eastern Uganda.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Qualitative study using 31 in-depth interviews and 4 focus group discussions with healthcare workers, community health workers, community leaders and general community members in Buyende District, Uganda. Vignettes were used to depict mental illnesses to elicit perceptions, and data were analysed using the framework method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two main themes emerged: perceived causes and treatment of mental illness. Participants identified three primary perceived causes: psychosocial (predominantly financial stress), biological and supernatural. Community support was most frequently endorsed as a perceived effective treatment, followed by biomedical interventions and alternative therapies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study identifies common beliefs regarding the causes and perceptions of mental illness in rural Uganda. The predominant focus on financial stressors as a cause of mental illness, coupled with strong emphasis and belief in the effectiveness of community-based support as treatment, highlights the need for context-specific mental health interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9038,"journal":{"name":"BJPsych Open","volume":"11 4","pages":"e146"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12247074/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144582998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of COVID-19 on parents from Black ethnic backgrounds in the UK: what we have learned and why it still matters.","authors":"Valentina Cardi, Valentina Meregalli, Chiara Tosi, Laura Sudulich, Juliana Onwumere","doi":"10.1192/bjo.2025.10049","DOIUrl":"10.1192/bjo.2025.10049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>People from ethnic minority groups are more likely to be impacted by global disasters than White ethnic groups due to pre-existing vulnerabilities. A lack of trust in mainstream support services, which have often accounted poorly for the needs of those communities, contributes to further discrimination and disadvantage.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study was conducted in 2022, soon after the COVID-19 pandemic, to survey the overall well-being and healthcare needs of UK families with a Black ethnic background.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of 2124 parents completed an online survey that included measures of psychological well-being, children's difficulties, family healthcare needs and perception of support both before and after the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventy per cent of parents reported high levels of stress, depression and anxiety, and over half identified high emotional and relational difficulties in their children. Higher levels of distress in parents correlated with greater difficulties in children and poorer parent-child relationships. Community support was associated with greater parental well-being and fewer child difficulties. Parents sought support from formal support networks when health issues were perceived as more severe.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study engaged a large sample of families from Black ethnic backgrounds, but recruitment may have been biased by sociodemographic characteristics. Levels of psychological distress were high, possibly due to pre-existing and enduring exposure to difficult life circumstances. Support from community networks was perceived as helpful, especially by those with milder levels of psychological distress. The strong association between parents' and children's well-being suggests that family-focused interventions could be beneficial, especially if culturally adapted.</p>","PeriodicalId":9038,"journal":{"name":"BJPsych Open","volume":"11 4","pages":"e143"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12247070/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144583010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bidirectional relationships between cognition and depressive symptoms and effects of sociodemographic and lifestyle factors: random-intercept, cross-lagged panel model.","authors":"Ted C T Fong, Ryder T H Chan, Ming Wen, Paul S F Yip","doi":"10.1192/bjo.2025.10074","DOIUrl":"10.1192/bjo.2025.10074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Existing panel studies on the relationships between cognition and depressive symptoms did not systematically separate between- and within-person components, with measurement time lags that are too long for precise assessment of dynamic within-person relationships.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To investigate the bidirectional relationships between cognition and depressive symptoms and examine the effects of sociodemographic characteristics and lifestyle factors via random-intercept, cross-lagged panel modelling (RI-CLPM) in middle-aged and older adults.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The sample comprised 24 425 community-based residents aged 45 years or above, recruited via five waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2011-2020). Cognition was evaluated using the Telephone Interview of Cognition Status, and depressive symptoms were assessed by the ten-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. RI-CLPM included sociodemographic and lifestyle factors as time-invariant and -varying covariates. Subgroup analysis was conducted across gender, age groups and urban/rural regions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>RI-CLPM showed a superior fit to cross-lagged panel models. Male, higher education, married, urban region, non-smoking, currently working and participation in social activities were linked with better cognition and fewer depressive symptoms. Overall, cognition and depressive symptoms showed significant and negative bidirectional cross-lagged effects over time. Despite similar cross-lagged effects across gender, subgroup analysis across urbanicity found that cross-lagged effects were not significant in urban regions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present study provided nuanced results on negative bidirectional relationships between cognition and depressive symptoms in Chinese middle-aged and older adults. Our results highlight the health disparities in cognitive and emotional health across urbanicity and age groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":9038,"journal":{"name":"BJPsych Open","volume":"11 4","pages":"e144"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12247057/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144583008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}