BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth最新文献

{"title":"Maternal plasma cell-free DNA nucleosome footprints can reveal changes in gene expression profiles during pregnancy and pre-eclampsia.","authors":"Kun Li, Zhiwei Guo, Fenxia Li, Shijing Lu, Min Zhang, Xingyu Wei, Chao Sheng, Wenbo Hao, Xuexi Yang","doi":"10.1186/s12884-025-07453-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12884-025-07453-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Differential gene expression analysis is important to understand pregnancy processes and disease development. However, no non-invasive and comprehensive methods exist to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the fetus and placenta during pregnancy or pregnancy complications. Nucleosome footprints in maternal peripheral blood plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) reflect the gene expression profile of the cell of origin, mainly immune cells in the maternal blood and placenta. This study aimed to validate the feasibility of detecting changes in gene expression profiles as differentially depth gene (DDGs) based on plasma nucleosome footprints as a potential biomarker for pregnancy and pre-eclampsia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Deep sequencing was performed on separated plasma cfDNA collected from 34 women, including eight non-pregnant women, 14 healthy pregnant women, and 12 pre-eclamptic pregnant women. The number of reads in the promoter region of each gene was extracted and normalized. Normalized depths of genes were compared between healthy pregnant vs. non-pregnant women, all pregnant women vs. non-pregnant women, and healthy pregnant women vs. pre-eclamptic pregnant women using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test to identify statistically significant DDGs. The roles of these genes were identified by functional enrichment analysis using gene ontology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Plasma cfDNA revealed different nucleosome footprints in preeclampsia pregnant, healthy pregnant, and non-pregnant women. Gene annotation revealed that the functions of 629 DDGs in pregnant and non-pregnant women mainly involved immune regulation, regardless of pre-eclampsia. 1978 DDGs between healthy pregnant and pre-eclamptic pregnant women displayed differences in immune regulation, cell cycle regulation, and sensory perception. These results are consistent with prior microarray and RNA-sequencing data.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The depth of the cfDNA nucleosome footprint in maternal plasma can be used to reflect changes in the gene expression profile during pregnancy and pre-eclampsia. The plasma cfDNA nucleosome footprint is a potential non-invasive biomarker for pregnancy and placental-origin pregnancy complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":"25 1","pages":"304"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11916520/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergency department use during pregnancy by medicaid type.","authors":"Alyssa R Hersh, Ann Martinez Acevedo, Ava Mandelbaum, Esther Choo, Maria I Rodriguez","doi":"10.1186/s12884-025-07390-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12884-025-07390-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Emergency department (ED) use is common among patients with Medicaid insurance during pregnancy. However, it is unknown how ED utilization differs among those with different types of Medicaid such as Emergency Medicaid, with which access to outpatient care is more restricted.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We sought to compare differences in ED use during between pregnant persons with Emergency Medicaid and Traditional Medicaid and pregnancy outcomes by ED utilization.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>This was a retrospective cohort study of all births among Medicaid enrollees in South Carolina from 2010 to 2019. The main comparator was type of Medicaid. Our primary outcome was an ED visit during pregnancy. Secondary outcomes included average number of visits, perinatal outcomes, and prenatal and hospital charges.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 240,597 births that met inclusion criteria for this analysis. Over the study period, the proportion of patients with at least one ED visit increased for all groups. A higher proportion of patients with Traditional Medicaid had at least one ED visit compared with Emergency Medicaid (58.2% versus 22.7%). Patients who had at least one ED visit were more likely to be younger, of Black race, live rurally, nulliparous, have lower or higher body mass index, and have a higher prevalence of pre-existing medical co-morbidities.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found that individuals with Traditional Medicaid were more likely to have an antenatal ED visit than individuals with Emergency Medicaid.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":"25 1","pages":"303"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11916970/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143646934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating predelivery platelet and coagulation indices as predictors of immediate postpartum haemorrhage in low-risk women undergoing vaginal delivery.","authors":"Yaru Peng, Jinyi Liu, Peng Liu, Ying Wu, Guohua Zhang, Yanwei Guo","doi":"10.1186/s12884-025-07427-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12884-025-07427-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although monitoring systems for high-risk postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) are well-established, predicting immediate PPH-defined as blood loss ≥ 500 mL within 2 h postpartum, distinct from general PPH (≥ 500 mL within 24 h)-remains challenging in low-risk vaginal deliveries. This case-control study aimed to explore the association between predelivery coagulation profiles and the occurrence of immediate PPH in low-risk parturients, specifically those without severe pregnancy complications and with singleton vertex presentations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on 409 vaginal deliveries at a tertiary hospital from 2014 to 2019. Of these, 179 cases met the WHO criteria for immediate PPH, while 230 served as controls (blood loss < 500 mL). Thirty clinical and laboratory variables were extracted, including predelivery coagulation parameters-platelet count (PLT), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and thrombin time (TT)-as well as delivery characteristics such as forceps-assisted delivery and placental retention. Logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors, and a multivariable prediction model was subsequently developed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multivariate analysis identified several independent predictors of immediate PPH: Rural residence, Forceps deliveries, Retained placenta and membrane, Newborn birth weight ≥ 3500 g, PLT ≤ 212 × 10⁹/L, PT > 11 s, APTT > 28.8 s, and TT > 13.8 s. (all P < 0.05). The combined prediction model demonstrated excellent predictive performance, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.854, achieving 82.58% sensitivity and 74.78% specificity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This multidimensional predictive model effectively identifies parturients at elevated risk for immediate PPH in low-risk deliveries, enabling more targeted preventive interventions. Prospective studies are warranted to validate and refine this model in broader clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":"25 1","pages":"298"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11912657/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143646883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of India's flagship conditional maternity benefit scheme on utilization of maternal and child health services: evidence from a statewide evaluation study.","authors":"Rupsa Banerjee, Bhanu Shanker Singh, Neha Sahrawat, Amit Mehrotra, Sumant Swain, Ram Manohar Mishra, Piush Antony, U Aparna, B K Jain, Sutapa Bandyopadhyay Neogi","doi":"10.1186/s12884-025-07416-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12884-025-07416-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana (PMMVY) is India's flagship Maternity Benefit Programme to improve maternal nutrition and child health. This study evaluates the functional status of the scheme, knowledge regarding the scheme and its effect on pattern of service utilization in a north Indian state.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A three-pronged mixed-methods evaluation including household survey of beneficiary and non-beneficiary women, in-depth interviews of key stakeholders (district and state level program managers, program implementers and frontline workers) and review of secondary data from the PMMVY Common Application Software and state PMMVY dashboard was done. Household survey covered 1290 women, and 70 in-depth interviews were held with eligible women, and PMMVY managerial and implementation staff. Quantitative data was analysed using SPSS version 22.0, qualitative data was analysed thematically and triangulated with quantitative results for effective analysis and conclusion. The study received ethical approval from the Institutional Review Board of IIHMR Delhi.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A strong political commitment with requisite systems and resources across all levels was observed. Coverage of PMMVY was less in urban areas (53.1% as compared to overall coverage of 95.9%). Knowledge of the scheme was high among both beneficiary and non-beneficiary women (97.8% beneficiary women and 94.2% non-beneficiary women). Utilization of Maternal and Child Health (MCH) services were significantly poorer among non-beneficiary women for four antenatal check-ups (OR 0.74, 95% CI 0.55-0.99, p = 0.04), childbirth registration (OR 0.28, 95% CI 0.18-0.45, p < 0.001) and child immunization (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.33-0.55, p < 0001). However, certain operational challenges were found related to beneficiary enrolment and use of PMMVY software, and a gap in intended and actual use of PMMVY incentive was observed (26.2% beneficiary women had spent the cash incentive on needs not related to nutrition or health).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite operational challenges, PMMVY has been effective in improving the utilization of health services like antenatal check-ups, childbirth registration and child immunization. The benefits of the scheme may be maximized by addressing those limitations in its delivery.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":"25 1","pages":"294"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11910864/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circulating miR-486-3p as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus and the prediction of adverse pregnancy outcomes.","authors":"Yaqin Hu, Yukai Zeng, Xiaoshuang Du, Qi Li, Yumei Cao, Huihui Song, Zhenlan Wu, Yingxuan Huang","doi":"10.1186/s12884-025-07405-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12884-025-07405-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) seriously endangers the health of pregnant women and their offspring. Early prediction and diagnosis allow timely treatment of GDM, preventing adverse pregnancy outcomes and related diseases. This research aims to explore the predictive significance of miR-486-3p expression levels in diagnosing GDM in early pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted by enrolling 103 subjects with GDM and 98 healthy subjects. qRT-PCR was used to analyze the expression level of miR-486-3p. The chi-square test and t-test were used to evaluate the differences in miR-486-3p expression levels between the GDM and control groups. The predictive value of miR-486-3p in early diagnosis of GDM was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC). Potential indicators that may lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes in patients with GDM were predicted by multivariate logistic regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Downregulation of miR-486-3p expression level was observed in the GDM group compared with healthy individuals. The predictive value of miR-486-3p for early diagnosis of GDM was indicated by the ROC curve. The expression level of miR-486-3p in the GDM group was negatively correlated with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FBG), homeostasis model-insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), and leptin (LEP). Multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that miR-486-3p, HbA1c, HOMA-IR, and FBG could be regarded as adverse pregnancy outcome risk factors in GDM subjects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>miR-486-3p showed a clinical predictive value for GDM in early pregnancy. miR-486-3p, HbA1c, HOMA-IR, and FBG indicators can be considered adverse pregnancy outcome risk factors in GDM patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":"25 1","pages":"291"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11910836/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical comparison of vaginal misoprostol combined with a foley balloon versus vaginal misoprostol alone for inducing labor: a prospective cohort study.","authors":"Rui Zheng, Lijia Du, Xiaoxiong Zhu, Xiaoying Zhang, Weihua Han, Zhifen Yang","doi":"10.1186/s12884-025-07375-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12884-025-07375-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the induction-to-delivery time and maternal satisfaction associated with vaginal misoprostol combined with a Foley balloon to those associated with vaginal misoprostol alone for labor induction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a prospective cohort study involving singleton full-term pregnant women with fetuses who were observed in the cephalic position; these patients were divided into a combination group (25 µg vaginal misoprostol combined with a Foley balloon, n = 94) and a misoprostol group (25 µg vaginal misoprostol, n = 105). The primary outcome was the induction-to-delivery time, and the secondary outcomes included maternal satisfaction, mode of delivery and neonatal conditions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The induction-to-delivery time was significantly lower in the combination group than in the misoprostol group (13.91 [10.85-21.48] hours vs. 17.8 [12.63-26.63] hours, respectively; P = 0.016), and this difference was still observed in analyses including only those women with vaginal births (13.40 [10.65-20.47] hours vs. 18.49 [12.91-27.00] hours, respectively; P = 0.001). Stratified analysis revealed that this benefit was particularly significant among nulliparous women. The questionnaire survey revealed similar levels of maternal satisfaction with birth experience between the combination group and the misoprostol group (69.9% vs. 66.7%, P = 0.627) but a higher rate of pain during labor induction in the combination group (16% vs. 5.8%, P = 0.02). No significant differences were observed in neonatal conditions, satisfaction rates regarding the duration of labor induction and the frequency and intensity of contractions between the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Vaginal misoprostol combined with a Foley balloon effectively shortens the induction-to-delivery time but induces more severe pain during labor induction, thus providing overall satisfaction comparable to that of vaginal misoprostol for labor induction. An optimal scheme for labor induction should be determined according to expectations regarding the induction-to-delivery time, and the personal feelings of the pregnant women.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":"25 1","pages":"295"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11910841/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Double balloon catheter induction of labor in pregnant women with COVID-19 infection.","authors":"Jiao Yi, Lei Chen, Xianglian Meng, Yi Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12884-025-07388-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12884-025-07388-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To identify the effectiveness and safety induction using a double-balloon catheter in the setting of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 577 COVID-19-afected women who underwent induction of labor with a double balloon catheter or spontaneously started delivery between December 7, 2022, and June 20, 2023; 154 women underwent induction of labor (double balloon catheter, study group) and 423 women underwent spontaneous started delivery (control group). Maternal and neonatal outcomes and complications during labor were assessed and compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Duration of the first stage of labor and total labor in the study group were significantly shorter than those in the control group (P < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of maternal delivery complications (P > 0.05). The two groups did differ significantly in the occurrences of pregnancy induced hypertension and gestational diabetes mellitus (P < 0.05). The neonatal prognosis was similar between the two groups (P > 0.05). After adjusting for maternal age, body mass index, gestational age at delivery, gestational age at infection, gravidity, parity, oxytocin administration and failure of progress of labor, multivariate logistic regression analysis found that COVID-19-afected women who received the double balloon catheter were not associated with an increased risk of fetal distress, intrapartum fever and cesarean section (P > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Double balloon catheter is an effective and safe method for labor induction in pregnant women with COVID-19 and is not associated with an increased risk of fetal distress, intrapartum fever and cesarean section.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":"25 1","pages":"287"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11909962/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase-to-platelet ratio predicts HELLP syndrome.","authors":"Jiaying Chen, Hao Gu, Hongqin Wu, Minhui Jiang, Ying Gu, Yaling Feng","doi":"10.1186/s12884-025-07431-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12884-025-07431-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>HELLP (Hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets) syndrome is a dangerous obstetric condition that is in great need of simple and inexpensive non-invasive early predictors, but it has been poorly studied. This study was conducted to investigate the predictive role of serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase to platelet ratio (GPR) during pregnancy in HELLP syndrome and its adverse pregnancy outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective study in a tertiary hospital. One hundred parturients were allocated into two groups: HELLP group (n = 50) and control group (n = 50).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>① In the HELLP group, the maternal GPR levels showed a continuous upward trend from middle pregnancy to before-delivery, with significantly higher values observed in late pregnancy and before-delivery compared to the control group (P < 0.05). ② A comparison was made between the counts of platelets (PLT), plasma fibrinogen (FIB), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), uric acid (UA), γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT), and GPR in two groups of the pregnant women during their late pregnancy and before-delivery to the hospital, all of which showed statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). ③Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that higher GPR, ALT, and UA were independent risk factors for the development of HELLP syndrome (OR = 23.382, 1.169,1.016, P < 0.05), while higher FIB was a protective factor (OR = 0.057, P < 0.05). ④ Spearman correlation analysis indicated that the abnormal elevation of GPR in late pregnancy and before-delivery was correlated with preterm birth (r = 0.510, 0.450, P < 0.05). ⑤ROC curve analysis revealed that the predictive efficacy of GPR in late pregnancy (AUC = 0.8441) was higher than AST (AUC = 0.7960), ALT (AUC = 0.7952), and PLT (AUC = 0.7691) in late pregnancy, with an AUC of 0.8656 for GPR before delivery When GPR values were 0.22 and 0.27 in late pregnancy and before-delivery, the sensitivity for predicting HELLP syndrome was 77.6% and 78%, and the specificity was 85% and 90%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The abnormal increase of GPR during pregnancy has a certain predictive effect on HELLP syndrome and its adverse pregnancy outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":"25 1","pages":"292"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11910866/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of psychosocial factors on postpartum depression: a half-longitudinal mediation analysis of cognitive reactivity.","authors":"Huilan Hong, Qiuhong Chen, Yiyang Lin, Yonglin Li, Jianqing Zheng, Ping Gao, Yang Lei, Feifei Huang","doi":"10.1186/s12884-025-07364-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12884-025-07364-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The prevention and treatment of perinatal depression are currently the focus of perinatal health care, with cognitive reactivity confirmed to be an important predictor. However, how cognitive reactivity mediates the relationship between psychosocial factors (e.g. family function, perceived stress, mindfulness, and insomnia) and perinatal depression remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the mediating role of cognitive reactivity between psychosocial factors and perinatal depression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Based on a half-longitudinal design, this study investigated 368 perinatal women from China in the third trimester (T1) and three months postpartum (T2) using the Perceived Stress Scale, Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale, Athens Insomnia Scale, Family Adaptation Partnership Growth Affection and Resolve Index, Leiden Index of Depression Sensitivity, and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Data were analysed using structural equation modelling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall fit of the hypothetical structural model is acceptable. The analysis confirmed a direct relationship between family function, perceived stress, mindfulness, and insomnia at T1, and cognitive reactivity at T2. Factors other than mindfulness at T1 had a direct effect on perinatal depression at T2. Furthermore, cognitive reactivity at T2 mediated the influences of family function, perceived stress, mindfulness, and insomnia at T1 on perinatal depression at T2.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cognitive reactivity levels in the third trimester were stable predictors and mediators of postpartum depression. Effective strategies to reduce cognitive reactivity in perinatal women should focus on enhancing family function, mindfulness, and sleep quality and in guiding women toward adopting positive coping styles to alleviate stress levels, ultimately reducing postpartum depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":"25 1","pages":"296"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11910840/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influences of gestational diabetes mellitus on the changes in the vaginal microbiota from antepartum to postpartum.","authors":"Ying Liao, Ting Liu, Xinfang Zeng, Bin Xiao, Meiqun Xiao, Yuanfang Zhu, Qiying Song","doi":"10.1186/s12884-025-07411-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12884-025-07411-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>No consensus has yet been reached concerning whether there were significant differences in the vaginal microbiota according to maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) status. This study aimed to compare the vaginal microbiota of women with GDM and normal blood glucose before and after delivery and to prospectively evaluate the influence of GDM on the dynamic changes of vaginal microbiota from antepartum to postpartum.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 20 GDM patients and 31 average pregnant women who gave birth at the Shenzhen Baoan Women's and Children's Hospital. Vaginal secretions samples were collected one week before delivery (D0), on the first day of delivery (D1), and 42 days after delivery (D42). Vaginal microbiota was detected using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no significant difference in alpha and beta diversity between the GDM and non-GDM groups at each time point (all p > 0.05). However, the overall change patterns in Shannon and Pielou's evenness index from D0 to D1 to D42 significantly differed between the GDM and non-GDM groups (p = 0.046 and p = 0.032, respectively). The abundance of Lactobacillus decreased obviously after delivery, especially in the GDM group, showing a more severe imbalance of the vaginal microbiota.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We found that GDM affected the succession of vaginal microbiota in the perinatal period. Our findings provided additional evidence for regulating the vaginal microbiota during pregnancy and postpartum to reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes and achieve long-term vaginal health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":"25 1","pages":"290"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11909838/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}