BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence and correlates of depressive and anxiety symptoms among pregnant women from an urban informal settlement in Nairobi, Kenya: a community-based cross-sectional study.","authors":"Stephen Mulupi, Amina Abubakar, Moses Kachama Nyongesa, Vibian Angwenyi, Margaret Kabue, Paul Murimi Mwangi, Rachel Odhiambo, Joyce Marangu, Eunice Njoroge, Mercy Moraa Mokaya, Emmanuel Kepha Obulemire, Eunice Ombech, Derrick Ssewanyana, Greg Moran, Marie-Claude Martin, Kerrie Proulx, Kofi Marfo, Stephen Lye","doi":"10.1186/s12884-025-07339-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12884-025-07339-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Previous research, largely from the Global North, reports high rates of common mental health disorders among women in the antenatal period, but there is paucity of such data in contexts like Kenya. This study investigated the prevalence and correlates of depressive and anxiety symptoms among pregnant women in an urban informal settlement in Kenya's capital - Nairobi.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An analysis of baseline cross-sectional data from a pilot cluster randomized trial of an integrated early childhood development programme. Participants were pregnant women in their third pregnancy trimester (N = 249), residing in an urban informal settlement in Nairobi County. Mental health measures [(Patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) and generalized anxiety disorder scale (GAD-7)] were administered alongside other sociodemographic, pregnancy, and health-related questionnaires. Linear regression analysis was performed to investigate correlates of antenatal depressive and anxiety symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participant's mean age was 27.5 years (SD = 5.6). The prevalence of antenatal depressive and anxiety symptoms was 26.9% (95%CI: 21.4-32.4) and 6.4% (95%CI: 3.4-9.4), based on the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 cut-off scores of ≥ 10 respectively. Being married was a significant correlate for decreased depressive and anxiety symptoms. Higher levels of education (secondary or tertiary), history of three or more previous pregnancies, and an experience of moderate-to-extreme pain were significant correlates for elevated depressive symptoms. Similarly, tertiary level of education, history of four or more previous pregnancies, and experiencing pain were significant correlates for elevated anxiety symptoms for the pregnant women. Participants reporting feeling unwell had significantly higher anxiety symptom scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this setting, correlates of antenatal depressive and anxiety symptoms cut across demographic, pregnancy and health-related factors with implications for targeted interventions. Findings point to the need for screening of depression and anxiety as part of routine antenatal care. Further research is needed to understand these contextual correlates.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>This study was part of the integrated early childhood development pilot cluster randomised control trial, retrospectively registered in the Pan African Clinical Trial Registry on 26/03/2021, registration number PACTR202103514565914.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":"25 1","pages":"213"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11863928/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal and fetal survival following Ebola, HIV and Malaria co-infection in the first trimester of gestation in resource-limited setting in Democratic Republic of Congo.","authors":"Prince Imani-Musimwa, Emilie Grant, Daniel Mukadi-Bamuleka, Zacharie Tsongo-Kibendelwa, Rigo Fraterne-Muhayangabo, Placide Mbala-Kingebeni, Richard Kitenge-Omasumbu, Olivier Nyakio-Ngeleza, Théophile Barhwamire-Kabesha, Minos Minani-Ndabahweje, Juakali Sihali-Kyolov, Richard Bitwe-Mihanda, Dieudonné Sengeyi-Mushengezi-Amani, Mija Ververs","doi":"10.1186/s12884-025-07265-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12884-025-07265-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ebola-HIV and malaria co-infection is one of the rare clinical situations that remains complex to manage even in the context of unlimited resources. In pregnancy, each of these infections can compromise maternal and fetal outcomes. The synergy of their effects on maternal immunity are often fatal, and survival is an exception, especially in a context of limited resources, such as in Ebola Treatment Units (ETUs).</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>Our 22-year-old patient, weighing 56 kg and nine weeks pregnant was admitted to the ETU during the 10th outbreak in DRC. She had HIV and had abandoned antiretroviral treatment (ART) seven months before. One month before her admission, her HIV viral load was high with a low CD4⁺ T cell count. She was vaccinated against EVD with rVSV-ZEBOV four days before her symptoms. She appeared generally in ill-health but her vital signs were within normal range. Without ultrasound, the fetal vitality could not be assessed. Laboratory tests confirmed malaria, pregnancy, HIV, and Ebola infection through RT-PCR. She received supportive treatment and a neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mAb114). On the 2nd day, we observed a significant decrease in Ebola viral load. Her clinical evolution improved with no disturbance in many biological parameters. She was negative for Ebola infection on 13th day and was discharged from the ETU after three weeks of admission. After referral to a health facility an ultrasound revealed 12 weeks of gestation and lab results showed a decrease of 47% in HIV viral load with 44% CD4⁺ T cell count increase. She began ART treatment and at 38 weeks gestation, the HIV viral load was undetectable and gave birth by caesarian section to a healthy male newborn. The mother and newborn' s blood, buccal swab and adnexal samples tested negative for Ebola virus and both were discharged 10 days after the delivery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In case of Ebola, HIV and malaria co-infection, maternal and fetal survival remains possible even in the context of resources limited-setting. This case raises questions about the effects of the interactions of these co-infections and/or their antibodies, treatment during immune adaptation of the gravid organism.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":"25 1","pages":"210"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11863912/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The traumatic childbirth experience of mothers after emergency cesarean section(EmCS) in China: a descriptive qualitative study.","authors":"Lili Ma, Mei Chan Chong, Wan Ling Lee, Huimin Yang, Yamei Lian","doi":"10.1186/s12884-025-07213-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12884-025-07213-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Emergency cesarean section (EmCS) is an effective means to save the lives of the mother and fetus. Women who undergo EmCS experience sudden physiological changes and high level of psychological stress response due to its complexity, risks, and urgency. They may consider their delivery as traumatic childbirth. This study aims to understand the traumatic childbirth experience among women who underwent EmCS, as well as providing evidence for developing preventive measures in future.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixteen women who underwent an EmCS in the past year and experienced traumatic childbirth in a tertiary hospital in Luoyang, Henan Province had participated in semi-structured, in-depth interviews between February and May 2023. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four themes and ten sub-themes were extracted from the data: Theme 1: Journey from crisis to renewal: the psychological recovery process of women experienced traumatic childbirth after EmCS (stress phase, reaction phase, emotional processing and adjustment phase, and stabilization and reconstruction phase); Theme 2: Empowering mothers and families: addressing the multifaceted needs of comprehensive perinatal health education (insufficient individualized care: diversity and challenges of maternal needs, the gap in spousal involvement in perinatal health education); Theme 3: The barriers between patient-professional communication in healthcare (breaking the silence: needs to address the ineffective communication, beyond the diagnosis: needs for empathy in healthcare); and Theme 4: Limited family support (the forgotten mothers, husbands' emotional absence).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study contributed to our understanding of the childbirth process for women undergoing EmCS. Women in this period experienced a range of negative emotions, they were lacking in sufficient health education, good communication between healthcare professionals and adequate family support. The research findings are valuable for us to identify their difficulties and needs, enabling us to provide assistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":"25 1","pages":"209"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11863862/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of fear of childbirth and postpartum depression with perceived partner response during pregnancy.","authors":"Bingfen Li, Tong Liu, Di Ma, Jingli Sun, Jinsong Liu","doi":"10.1186/s12884-025-07332-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12884-025-07332-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fear of childbirth may affect delivery experience and postpartum recovery, and even lead to postpartum depression. Spouses, as the primary caregivers of pregnant women, are an important source of emotional support and have a significant impact on their psychological adjustment. The aim of this study is to explore the association of fear of childbirth and postpartum depression with perceived partner response during pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A longitudinal study was conducted at the Northern Theater Command General Hospital from June 2023 to April 2024. 289 pregnant women completed two surveys in total. The questionnaire included the Childbirth Attitude Questionnaire, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, and the Perceived Partner Responsiveness Scale. Latent class analysis was used to identify categories of postpartum depression. The moderating effect was analyzed by multiple linear regression analysis, and visualized by simple slope analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Postpartum depression was classified into three types: \"Low postpartum depression -Insomnia and sadness group\" (46.5%), \"Moderate postpartum depression -Anxiety and crying group\" (42.6%), and \"High postpartum depression -Emotional suppression group\" (10.9%). The interaction term (fear of childbirth*perceived partner response) has a significant impact on postpartum depression (ΔR² = 0.047, β = 0.226, P < 0.01), indicating a moderating effect. The effect of fear of childbirth on postpartum depression was gradually decreased in the low (Mean-SD), mean, and high (Mean + SD) groups of perceived partner response (P < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pregnant women had three characteristics of postpartum depression, and the overall rate was relatively high. The perceived partner response can effectively regulate the association of fear of childbirth and postpartum depression during pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":"25 1","pages":"211"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11863454/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expectant and new fathers say they need resources and sources of support.","authors":"Derek M Griffith, Emily C Jaeger, Perri Pepperman, Karen A Chustz, Deborah Frazier, Amber Wilson","doi":"10.1186/s12884-025-07290-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12884-025-07290-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>It is critical to exhaust the range of opportunities to reduce racial inequities in maternal mortality. Developing interventions to optimize how fathers can support mothers during pregnancy and childbirth remains under developed, particularly in the context of racial inequities. In this study, we collected formative data from expectant and new fathers to identify the types of supports and resources they need to promote positive maternal health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>We used a phenomenological thematic approach to analyze data from 80 new fathers in 10 focus groups from five of the six Alliance for Innovation Maternal Community Care Initiative sites across the United States, collected between November 2021 and April 2022. The majority (86.25%) of fathers were Black American and their average age was 33.9 years (range 24-61 years old).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four key themes characterize the types of information and resources expectant and new fathers sought and wanted: (a) baby's development and mother's mental and physical needs; (b) financial needs and family planning; (c) navigating the healthcare and social systems; and (d) mental health resources for both parents. Fathers sought the counsel, advice, and support of a variety of people, but who they asked for support depended on the issue. Expectant and new fathers sought information pertaining to being a breadwinner, fulfilling the father role, being a supportive partner, and general information on caring for a newborn. Most fathers felt that the healthcare system and social service systems lacked information and resources tailored to their needs, and they were generally ill-equipped to consider fathers or support them.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Fathers sought information and resources to facilitate their roles as fathers and to enhance their ability to support expectant and new mothers. It is important to hear from fathers and to utilize their feedback to inform social service system changes and other organizational or institutional resources, programs, and policies to optimize their efforts to promote maternal health and to reduce maternal mortality. Expectant and new fathers needed better access to reliable, accurate, and readily-available information to prepare and support them in their new roles, responsibilities, and lives.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":"25 1","pages":"205"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11863926/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Embryonic and neonatal outcomes following double vitrification/thawing: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Arezoo Maleki-Hajiagha, Anahid Shafie, Saeede Rezayi, Mahnaz Marvi, Rana Karimi, Fardin Amidi","doi":"10.1186/s12884-025-07311-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12884-025-07311-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the impact of double vitrification/thawing (DVT) versus single vitrification/thawing (SVT) on key embryonic and neonatal outcomes.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>Information sources included systematic search in PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases up to September 7, 2024. Data from each qualifying study were extracted by two reviewers using a standardized electronic data gathering form.</p><p><strong>Data analysis: </strong>Mantel-Haenszel odds ratio (MHOR) and mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using both fixed and random-effects models. Subgroup analyses were based on biopsy status, number of biopsy rounds, extended culture between rounds of vitrification, and embryo transfer strategy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 35 studies involving 46,749 embryo transfer cycles were included. After excluding studies that used slow freezing, 28 studies were included in the meta-analyses. The findings indicated that DVT is associated with significant reductions in cryosurvival rates (MHOR: 0.4; CI: 0.3 to 0.8; P < 0.01), biochemical pregnancy (MHOR: 0.7; CI: 0.6 to 0.8; P < 0.01), clinical pregnancy (MHOR: 0.7; CI: 0.5 to 0.8; P < 0.01), and live birth rates (MHOR: 0.6; CI: 0.5 to 0.7; P < 0.01). Additionally, there was a significant increase in the miscarriage rate (MHOR: 1.4; CI: 1.2 to 1.7; P < 0.01). No significant differences were found in neonatal outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Poor-quality evidence suggests that the transfer of double-vitrified embryos might be associated with significantly lower rates of cryosurvival, pregnancy, and live births; however, it does not appear to affect neonatal outcomes such as birth weight and gestational age at birth. Given the small sample size in some subgroups, the high risk of selection, confounding and missing data biases, and the high level of heterogeneity for some outcomes, these findings should be interpreted cautiously.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":"25 1","pages":"206"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11863950/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The value of ultrasound indicators in early pregnancy for predicting selective intrauterine growth restriction and twin-twin transfusion syndrome: a case‒control study.","authors":"Bingshuai Yao, Yan Liu, Die Jing, Qian Liu, Weiyi Qi, Yuli Wang, Xietong Wang, Lei Li","doi":"10.1186/s12884-025-07354-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12884-025-07354-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Selective intrauterine foetal growth restriction (sIUGR) and twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) are common complications in Monochorionic diamniotic (MCDA) twin pregnancies. Timely and accurate diagnosis and intervention are essential to improve perinatal outcomes. The purpose of this study was to determine the value of differences in crown - rump lengths (CRL) and nuchal translucency (NT) and evaluate the significance of differences in embryo length in predicting the occurrence of sIUGR and TTTS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This research is a retrospective study that includes cases of MCDA twins diagnosed via ultrasound in the Obstetrics Department of Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University from January 2017 to March 2024. These cases were categorized into sIUGR group, TTTS group, TTTS with sIUGR group and normal MCDA group, based on the presence of complex twin related complications. For each group, embryo length, CRL and NT measured by ultrasound during the 7-14 week gestation period were respectively recorded. The differences in embryo length, CRL and NT between the normal MCDA twin group and sIUGR group, TTTS group, as well as TTTS with sIUGR group were compared. The Mann‒Whitney U test and the chi‒square test were utilized for the analysis. Furthermore, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to conduct further analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 722 MCDA twins (203 with sIUGR, 158 with TTTS, 55 with TTTS with sIUGR and 306 controls) were included. The difference in the CRL in the sIUGR group (9.43%) was significantly greater than that in the control group (3.30%) (P < 0.001). However, no statistically significant difference in NT or embryo length was detected (P = 0.271, 0.567). The difference in CRL could not be used to distinguish between sIUGR-type I and sIUGR-type II/III (P = 0.35). ROC analysis revealed that the difference in CRL predicted sIUGR with an area under the curve of 0.78; for comparison, the area under the curve for the prediction of TTTS was 0.51. The prediction of sIUGR using the CRL difference threshold of 7.38% had a sensitivity of 80.72% and a specificity of 67%, a positive predictive value (PPV) of 67%, and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 80.72%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In MCDA twin pregnancies, the difference in the first-trimester CRL was valuable for predicting the occurrence of sIUGR but was not associated with TTTS. Embryo length and NT did not significantly differ among the groups.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":"25 1","pages":"212"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11863853/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gestational age reference from crown-rump length during 11-14 weeks: a population-based multicenter cohort study in China.","authors":"Yixiu Zhang, Zihan Niu, Hua Meng, Yuxin Jiang, Zhonghui Xu, Yunshu Ouyang, Shengli Li, Qian Chen, Qingqing Wu, Rui Li, Tong Ru, Ailu Cai, Xinlin Chen, Taizhu Yang, Ping Chen, Hongning Xie, Hong Lu, Qing Dai, Fen Dong, Meng Yang, Xiao Yang, Jia Lu, Jiawei Tian, Kun Sun, Hui Li","doi":"10.1186/s12884-025-07295-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12884-025-07295-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to develop a new ultrasonographic dating formula to estimate gestational age (GA) based on fetal crown-rump length (CRL) in a Chinese population, evaluate model accuracy and compare its performance with established dating formulas.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective, multicenter study was conducted across mainland China. Participants included healthy, low-risk women with spontaneously conceived singleton pregnancies and a regular menstrual cycle in the preceding year. Ultrasonography was performed between 11 and 14 weeks of gestation, with GA determined based on the last menstrual period. Participants were randomly assigned to a development or validation cohort in a 7:3 ratio. A best-fit regression model was constructed for GA estimation based on CRL in the development cohort. For validation, mean differences between the new estimated GA and menstrual age were calculated and compared with those obtained using five established CRL-based dating formulas in the validation cohort. All participants were followed through to delivery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study recruited 4,710 women with singleton pregnancies, with 3,297 in the development cohort and 1,413 women in the validation cohort. The mean and standard deviation values of CRL changed linearly with GA during 11-14 weeks. CRL demonstrated a linear relationship with GA between 11 and 14 weeks, yielding the regression equation GA = 59.590085 + 0.458539×CRL (R² = 0.8042). The mean difference between estimated GA and menstrual age was 0.32 days (95% confidence interval 0.17-0.46), demonstrating a smaller error compared with those obtained from the five widely used CRL dating formulas.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We derived a CRL-based dating formula applicable to naturally conceived pregnancies at 11-14 weeks. This new formula exhibits small residuals, providing a more accurate alternative to existing CRL-based dating formulas.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":"25 1","pages":"214"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11866846/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilization of tree-based machine learning models for predicting low birth weight cases.","authors":"Flavio Leandro de Morais, Elisson da Silva Rocha, Gabriel Masson, Dimas Cassimiro do Nascimento Filho, Katia Maria Mendes, Raphael Augusto de Sousa Dourado, Waldemar Brandao Neto, Patricia Takako Endo","doi":"10.1186/s12884-025-07303-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12884-025-07303-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Low birth weight (LBW) is a health condition that affects over 20 million gestational outcomes worldwide. The current literature indicates that machine learning models have the potential to assist healthcare professionals in predicting LBW and giving them the opportunity to intervene earlier in the pregnancy, which might include adjusting medical treatments or suggesting changes in diet.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study proposes the evaluation of machine learning models to predict which pregnant women are at risk of neonatal outcomes with LBW.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The methodology involves six phases, including data analysis and attribute selection through different techniques, which generated four distinct scenarios. We used five machine learning models and validated them through cross-validation and hyper-parameter optimization and evaluated their performance considering seven distinct metrics and statistical analysis, focusing on the effectiveness of the models in predicting LBW.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results revealed that the models achieved varying levels of performance across the scenarios, with the removal of duplicate data resulting in improvements in recall (0.83) and f1-score (0.64). Statistical analysis confirmed significant differences (p < 0.05) among most models.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The conclusions of this study indicate that the removal of duplicate data and careful attribute selection positively influenced the performance of the machine learning models in predicting low birth weight. Additionally, the analysis of attribute importance highlighted socio-demographic characteristics and gestational history as the most influential in the training of the models.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":"25 1","pages":"207"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11863662/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal trends and associated factors in cesarean section use in the Philippines: an analysis of Demographic and Health Survey data from 1993 to 2017.","authors":"Eva Belingon Felipe-Dimog, Chia-Hung Yu, Ma-Am Joy Realce Tumulak, Tsung-Hsueh Lu, Fu-Wen Liang","doi":"10.1186/s12884-025-07298-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12884-025-07298-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cesarean section (CS) rate has become increasingly prevalent worldwide, which has raised concerns about the possible risks as they often result in frequently longer recovery periods for mothers and possible complications for both the mother and the child. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends a 10-15% CS rate to maintain its safe use. Conducting trends analysis of CS and its associated factors is crucial in understanding its utilization. There is currently a limited knowledge on the increasing trends of CS and factors related to it that might help improve procedures and practice standards. The present study examined the trends and associated factors of CS use in the Philippines over the last two decades.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We utilized the Philippine National Demographic and Health Survey (PNDHS) data collected in 1993, 1998, 2003, 2008, 2013, and 2017. Descriptive and univariate techniques were used to characterize the survey participants and the trends of CS use over time. The data of 2017 PNDHS was used in the logistic regression analysis to assess the associated factors of CS use. Significant factors (p < 0.05) in the univariate analysis were considered in the logistic regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall use of CS has been significantly higher than the maximum cutoff of the WHO and increased from 15.8% in 1993 to 18.4% in 2017. Women aged 25 years or older, with higher education, belonged to middle or rich household, with newborn at 1 and 2-3 birth order, and with initial antenatal care visits (ANC) in the first or later trimester of pregnancy were significantly associated with CS use.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In the Philippines, the utilization of CS has continuously surpassed the recommended maximum cutoff of 15%. This increased rate is associated with maternal age, educational attainment, family income, birth order, and the timing of antenatal care visits. The socioeconomic factors demonstrate socioeconomic disparities in accessing CS services. Emphasizing the need for performing medically indicated CS can promote better maternal and child outcome and reduce the rate of unnecessary CS deliveries. Prioritizing initiatives to provide equitable access to CS services is imperative.</p>","PeriodicalId":9033,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth","volume":"25 1","pages":"204"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11863614/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143498732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}