BMC Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Involving young people with lived experience in advancing mental health science: an exploratory qualitative study from Pakistan and India.","authors":"Syed Usman Hamdani, Zill-E- Huma, Bhismadev Chakrabarti, Syeda Wajeeha Zafar, Ayella Gillani, Vaishali Bagrodia, Amy Finlay Jones","doi":"10.1186/s12888-025-07062-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12888-025-07062-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Meaningful involvement of young People with Lived Experience (PWLE) in co-designing youth mental health interventions has been much emphasized globally. However, there is a scarcity of evidence on involving PWLE of mental health problems in designing, implementing and evaluating mental health interventions, especially in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs). The aim of the current study was to understand the perspectives of young PWLE from two South Asian countries, Pakistan and India, regarding \"Active Ingredients\" (AIs) for youth mental health (i.e., components or processes of mental health intervention(s) that make a difference to mental health outcomes), as part of the Wellcome Trust AI Commission.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>For this exploratory qualitative study, we conducted 30 qualitative interviews via Zoom with young PWLE from Pakistan (n = 19, 14 females and 5 males) and India (n = 11, 8 females and 3 males) to explore their views about different AIs for youth anxiety and depression in South Asia. The qualitative data was analysed using a thematic analysis approach that moved through the phases of familiarization, generation of codes, searching, identification and review of themes and selection of illustrative quotes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results show that family and religion are integral to promoting positive youth mental health in the South Asian context. The AIs perceived to be most relevant for Pakistani and Indian young people were (i) improving social relationships; (ii) managing emotions; and (iii) relaxation techniques. Participants highlighted the need to explore the role of family support, personal space, spirituality/religion, schools, mental health literacy and stigma as potential AIs of mental health for young people in South Asia. The need for ease of access to mental health support and minimizing barriers to engagement with mental health services were highlighted as important contextual factors. Our findings highlight the need for culturally responsive youth mental health strategies that incorporate their preferred intervention components and address key challenges including stigma faced by South Asian youth.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The current study highlights specific intervention components and contextual considerations that are important to Indian and Pakistani young PWLE when designing and delivering mental health interventions. Our findings underscore the need to work with young PWLE and consider their context, culture, and resources when developing or evaluating mental health interventions. Given our sample likely represents a relatively advantaged group, future studies can use targeted sampling strategies to capture perspectives of young people from lower socio-economic strata.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":"647"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12220601/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric evaluation of the Persian version of the Beliefs About Voices Questionnaire: revised in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.","authors":"Vida Yousefi Asl, Abbas Pourshahbaz, Ali Nazeri Astaneh, Farhad Taremian","doi":"10.1186/s12888-025-07080-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12888-025-07080-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":"667"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12220154/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long COVID in people with mental health disorders: a scoping review.","authors":"Catharina Münte, Manuela Glattacker, Saskia Müller, Andrea E Zülke, Martin Heinze, Steffi G Riedel-Heller, Dawid Pieper, Christian Jacke, Stefanie Deckert, Anne Neumann","doi":"10.1186/s12888-025-06935-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12888-025-06935-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Long COVID, Post COVID Syndrome or PASC (post-acute sequelae of COVID-19), according to the World Health Organization (WHO), is defined as the continuation or development of new symptoms 3 months after the initial SARS-CoV-2 infection, with these symptoms lasting for at least 2 months with no other explanation. The term Long COVID will be used throughout this review. Little is known about individuals with pre-existing mental health conditions experiencing Long COVID. This scoping review aims to provide an overview of these individuals, focusing on: 1) the course of mental disorders, 2) care needs, 3) utilization of healthcare services, and 4) psychosocial aspects, as outlined by the International Classification of Functioning (ICF).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This review followed the JBI (Joanna Briggs Institute) methodology for scoping reviews and the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews. We included reports focusing on individuals with at least one pre-existing mental health diagnosis and Long COVID. Full-text reports in English or German were included, with no geographical limitations. Literature searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase, and PsycINFO on November 1, 2023, for records published between January 2020 and October 2023. Six reviewers participated in the screening process in pairs, independently conducting study selection and data extraction. Conflicts were resolved by consensus. Citation tracking was performed, and data were summarized narratively in tables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 4256 initial hits and citation tracking, 8 reports were included. The studies were heterogeneous, including chart reviews, case reports, cross-sectional, and longitudinal studies. Evidence on the impact of Long COVID on pre-existing mental health conditions was inconsistent. Most findings focused on the course of mental health disorders, ranging from symptom worsening to new symptoms of anxiety, depression, or insomnia. Evidence on mental health care needs, service utilization, and psychosocial aspects was limited.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Limited evidence suggests that individuals with pre-existing mental health disorders who experience Long COVID may be at an increased risk of worsening mental health. However, critical aspects such as care needs, service utilization, and psychosocial factors remain under-researched, highlighting the need for further studies on mental health care for Long COVID.</p><p><strong>Review registration: </strong>Open Science Framework https://osf.io/tqexa .</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":"669"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12219037/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"(Not so) voluntary hospitalization as part of Zolpidem-induced complex sleep behaviour: a case report.","authors":"Sriraksha R Nayak, Suman S Rao, Karthik K N, Harsha G T, Narayana Keertish","doi":"10.1186/s12888-025-06593-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12888-025-06593-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Since its approval 26 years ago, Zolpidem has been implicated in 61 cases of complex sleep behaviours (CSBs) reported to the US FDA. These cases typically describe activities such as eating, walking, cooking or driving while asleep after Zolpidem use. This report describes a unique presentation of Zolpidem-induced CSB.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 44-year-old male with recurrent depressive disorder presented with a history of waking up in a hospital with no recollection of how he was admitted. He subsequently discharged himself against medical advice. In addition to his regular treatment, he had been prescribed Zolpidem on an as-needed basis for persistent insomnia. A thorough review of his past medical history with corresponding prescriptions revealed two similar instances in which he sought discharge against medical advice after waking up in a hospital with no recollection of how he was admitted. Each instance was temporally correlated with the use of Zolpidem.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case illustrates a rare presentation of Zolpidem-induced CSB, where the patient hired a cab to a psychiatric hospital, admitted himself and cooperated with inpatient management until regaining awareness the following morning. The patient experienced three similar episodes of Zolpidem-induced CSB, each resulting in voluntary psychiatric admission. Practitioners prescribing Z-drugs, either alone or in combination with other psychotropic medications, should be aware of these rare yet potentially serious adverse events and their forensic implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":"613"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12210812/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A framework for parsing psychopathological heterogeneity: initial application in a large-scale unselected community sample.","authors":"Chaoyi Wu, Chenyu Yuan, Yinqing Fan, Ang Hong, Zhiling Wu, Zhen Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12888-025-06960-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12888-025-06960-8","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Traditional descriptive nosology arbitrarily distinguishes between mental illness and health, hindering the progress of scientific research and clinical practice. Building on recent advancements in psychiatric conceptualization, this study proposes an innovative phased framework for deconstructing psychopathological heterogeneity. The framework involves four key steps: extraction of symptom dimensions, identification of psychopathological subtypes, characterization of symptom interaction patterns using a network approach, and validation of their incremental validity through links to neurobehavioral functions. This framework is preliminarily applied to a large, non-selective community sample (N = 4102) to explore its utility and potential for deconstructing psychopathological heterogeneity.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Data on comprehensive psychopathology and RDoC negative valence constructs were collected from the sample. Factor analysis and exploratory graph analysis were used to extract symptom dimensions. Latent profile analysis based on these dimensions was applied to identify psychopathological profiles. Partial correlation networks were estimated for each profile, and symptom network characteristics were compared across profiles. Finally, hierarchical multiple regression was applied to assess incremental validity.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The first step of the phased framework involves extracting homogeneous dimensions based on symptom co-occurrence patterns, yielding seven distinct dimensions: Obsessive-Compulsive, Emotional Distress, Eating-Related, Substance-Related, Aggressive, Psychotic, and Somatoform dimensions. The second step involves applying a person-centered approach to identify latent subgroups based on these symptom dimensions. Four profiles were identified, namely Substance Use Group, Moderate Symptomatology Group, Disengaged from Symptomatology Group, and Severe Symptomatology Group. The third step involves characterizing symptom interaction patterns across subgroups. Using a network approach, the Severe Symptomatology Group exhibited the densest interconnections and the highest global network strength, with Aggressive and Psychotic dimensions serving as core issues compared to other profiles. Finally, incremental validity was assessed through associations with self-reported neurobehavioral functions. Results showed that these profiles provided unique predictive value for RDoC negative valence constructs beyond both dichotomous diagnostic status and purely dimensional approach.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;This study introduces a fine-grained framework for deconstructing psychopathological heterogeneity, providing a comprehensive approach to parsing psychopathology. While the framework is preliminarily applied to a large sample from the Chinese population, future studies should integrate multimodal neurobehavioral measures, employ intensive longitudinal designs to track sympt","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":"619"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12210741/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A network analysis of the depression and anxiety comorbidity: a nationwide survey among Chinese adolescents during the normalization phase of COVID-19 pandemic prevention and control.","authors":"Tingting Li, Dan Zhang, Tangjun Jiang, Wanyu Che, Yi Zhang, Yuhui Wan, Fangbiao Tao, Shuman Tao, Xiaoyan Wu","doi":"10.1186/s12888-025-07036-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12888-025-07036-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study employed network analysis to investigate the comorbidity model between depression and anxiety among Chinese adolescents during the normalization phase of COVID-19 pandemic prevention and control.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From October to December 2021, a total of 22 868 adolescents were selected from 27 schools in 8 cities of China by multistage cluster sampling. Depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms of adolescents were evaluated by the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale 7 (GAD-7), respectively. The network structure between depression and anxiety was explored using the Extended Bayesian Information Criterion (EBIC) and the graphical Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) method. The centrality of nodes, stability, accuracy, central symptoms, bridging symptoms, and network comparison were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the present study, 7 236 (31.6%) participants reported with depression-anxiety comorbidity. The obtained network model was highly stable. The edges between 'Control worry' and 'Too much worry', between 'Restless' and 'Irritable', and between 'Anhedonia' and 'Sad mood' were the three strongest positive edges in the anxiety and depression community. The edges between 'Motor' and 'Restless', between 'Guilt' and 'Nervous', and between 'Suicide' and 'Afraid' were the three strongest positive edges in the comorbidity community. 'Sad mood' and 'Too much worry' were the core symptoms within the 'depression' network and 'anxiety' network. 'Nervous', 'Guilt', and 'Restless' were three crucial bridge symptoms linking the comorbidity of depression and anxiety networks. Furthermore, 'Too much worry' (strength index = 1.087) has the highest strength value. 'Nervous' (bridge strength index = 0.51, expected influence (1-step) = 0.51, expected influence (2-step) = 0.93) not only demonstrated the highest bridge strength but also exhibited the highest bridge expected influence. At last, we found that there were no significant differences between genders.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this study, 'Nervous', 'Guilt', and 'Restless' were identified as three crucial bridge symptoms linking the comorbidity of depression and anxiety networks. Timely and multilevel interventions targeting these bridge symptoms may help alleviate the comorbidity of depression and anxiety in Chinese adolescents.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":"598"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12211814/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute suicidal ideation in context: highlighting sentiment-based markers through the diary entries of a clinically depressed sample.","authors":"Damien Lekkas, Amanda C Collins, Michael V Heinz, Tess Z Griffin, Arvind Pillai, Subigya K Nepal, Daniel M Mackin, Andrew T Campbell, Nicholas C Jacobson","doi":"10.1186/s12888-025-07108-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12888-025-07108-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite major strides in conceptualizing and modeling the multifaceted nature of suicidal thought and behavior (STB) over the past few decades, the overall predictability of STB has not improved. This may be partly due to the dynamic nature of suicidal ideation (SI), which often fluctuates over hours, yet is largely overlooked in studies. Bolstered by the application and promise of natural language processing (NLP) across the mental health field, efforts toward richer operationalization of acute SI may include analyses on written data that occur alongside changes in SI, thus offering a better understanding of STB as it unfolds.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) data from 268 participants with major depressive disorder (MDD) were utilized to investigate acute changes in SI. Data consisted of thrice-daily SI severity scores measured through self-report responses to item 9 of the Patient Health Questionnaire mobile version (MPHQ-9) as well as free-form diary text. Using difference scores and probability of acute change thresholds, eleven acute SI phase trajectory types were defined to label change in SI over three consecutive EMAs. In total, 5,938 acute SI trajectories were paired with the temporally centered diary entries. The Sentiment Analysis and Cognition Engine (SEANCE) tool was applied to quantify the written content of each diary entry across eight established lexica. Entry results were grouped based on phase trajectory type, and the Kruskal-Wallis test was employed with post-hoc multiple hypothesis correction to statistically compare SEANCE features between all group pairs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 131 statistically significant (adjusted p-value < 0.05) pairwise differences between acute SI phase trajectory groups, implicating 31 NLP features. Consistent with the literature, results highlighted qualities of writing that are generally associated with heightened SI, including personal pronoun usage, passivity, and negative valence. Patterns of significance also uncovered novel contextual nuance in terms of how characteristics such as verbosity, hostility, anger, and pleasantness present in relation to SI over short change trajectories.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This work provides an accessible exploratory framework that capitalizes on the benefits of dense EMA sampling and NLP to profile and quantify acute SI trajectories. The use of the MPHQ's item 9 to quantify SI is an important limitation as it is designed to also capture precursory SI, passive SI, and SI-adjacent behaviors, potentially overestimating the SI expressed by participants. Nonetheless, future research should continue to focus on short timeframes as there are likely important signals and interpretative nuances to SI expression that have yet to be fully detailed.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":"650"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12220180/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in ECT services in India since the implementation of its mental health care act 2017: a clinician's perspective.","authors":"Preeti Sinha, Vanteemar S Sreeraj, Shyam Sundar Arumugham, Jagadisha Thirthalli","doi":"10.1186/s12888-025-07109-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12888-025-07109-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The large treatment gap in mental disorders in India also includes a lack of access to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), a potentially lifesaving treatment. With the introduction of the Mental Health Care Act (MHCA) 2017 in India, an impact was speculated on the utilisation of ECT due to the ban on unmodified ECT and the regularisation of ECTs in children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We planned this survey to identify the current status of ECT services in India as perceived by psychiatrists and to explore the barriers to providing ECT, particularly those influenced by the enactment of the MHCA 2017 in India. The psychiatrists practising in India were invited to complete an online questionnaire distributed through social media and professional group forums. A total of 225 consenting participants completed the survey.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A majority of the participating psychiatrists (n = 160; 71.11%) were from urban areas, and 102 (45.33%) worked in private hospitals. Approximately half of the respondents (n = 118; 52.44%) could provide ECT to less than a quarter of patients for whom ECT was recommended. Furthermore, 52.4% of psychiatrists (n = 118) reported a decrease in the number of patients receiving ECT following post MHCA 2017 in India, while 44.9% (n = 101) observed no change. Additionally, 114 psychiatrists (50.67%) noted a reduction in the use of ECT for children since MHCA 2017. A substantial proportion (78.22%; n = 176) regarded patient refusal of consent as a significant factor. Access to anaesthesia services and associated costs was identified as a major barrier by 59.1% of psychiatrists (n = 133), significantly influencing their opinion on the reduction of ECT services post-MHCA 2017 (Odds ratio = 2.024, p = 0.018).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The limited availability of anaesthesia services and associated expenses are significant barriers to using ECT in developing countries such as India. This issue became more pronounced after the implementation of the MHCA 2017 and should be addressed promptly. Training psychiatrists in ECT anaesthetic skills via task-sharing and telementoring can help resolve this issue.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":"670"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12220780/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the efficacy of rumination-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy in alleviating depression, negative affect, and rumination among patients with recurrent major depressive disorder: a randomized, multicenter clinical trial.","authors":"Mohsen Hasani, Saeedeh Zenoozian, Reza Ahmadi, Sahel Khakpoor, Soleiman Saberi, Reza Pirzeh, Omid Saed","doi":"10.1186/s12888-025-07065-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12888-025-07065-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rumination plays a pivotal role in the onset, recurrence, and persistence of residual symptoms in major depressive disorder (MDD), making it a critical therapeutic target in the development of novel interventions. Rumination-Focused Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (RFCBT), an adapted form of cognitive-behavioral therapy specifically designed to address ruminative thinking patterns, has garnered increasing attention in clinical research. In light of these developments, the present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of RFCBT in reducing rumination severity, depressive symptoms, and negative affect among individuals with recurrent MDD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This randomized clinical trial enrolled 44 university students diagnosed with MDD. Participants were randomly assigned in equal proportions to either the group-based Rumination-Focused Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (g-RFCBT) condition or a waitlist (WL) control group. The g-RFCBT received 10 weekly group therapy sessions supplemented by two individual sessions (the initial session and the 12th session), while participants in the WL group received no intervention until the conclusion of the study. Assessments were conducted at four time points; pre-treatment, post-treatment, 2-month follow-up, and 6-month follow-up. Outcome measures included the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), the Repetitive Thinking Questionnaire-31 (RTQ-31), and the Negative Affect subscale of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS-NA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Repeated measures ANOVA revealed statistically significant improvements in the g-RFCBT group compared to the WL group. Within-group analyses indicated that RFCBT led to a 65% reduction in depressive symptoms and a 30% reduction in both rumination and negative affect from baseline to post-treatment. Furthermore, the g-RFCBT exhibited significantly greater reduction in depression, rumination, and negative affect compared to the WL group, with treatment effects sustained through the 6-month follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Group-based Rumination-Focused Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (g-RFCBT) demonstrated significant efficacy in reducing the severity of depressive symptoms, rumination, and negative affect among individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD). Moreover, these therapeutic benefits were maintained over a 6-month follow-up period, suggesting durable treatment effects.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>This randomized clinical trial, consisting of an intervention and a waitlist control condition, that was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT Id: IRCT20181117041676N1) (Registration Date: June 3, 2019).</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":"626"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12211528/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence of a relationship between circulating ghrelin and sleep quality in male alcohol-dependent patients after abstinence.","authors":"Xian He, Lina Gu, Yayun Xu, Yi Zhai, Rongrong Gu, Erhui Sheng, Biao Dai, Qingrong Xia, Yu Liu","doi":"10.1186/s12888-025-07123-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12888-025-07123-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":"625"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12211456/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}