BMC Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Cognitive and emotional traits as mediators in the relationship between family factors and obsessive-compulsive disorder in adolescents.","authors":"Meiying Lei, Miuyu Yu, Qinji Su, Yongmei Jiang, Congwen Huang, Fangjie Wen, Jiatong Li, Zhikun Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12888-026-08122-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-026-08122-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a multifaceted psychiatric disease requiring more in-depth mechanism research to improve treatment outcomes, with family-related variables playing a crucial role, particularly in adolescent populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 113 adolescents with OCD were included in this study. All patients were assessed by the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), Family Environment Scale (FES), Parenting Style Assessment Scale (EMBU), Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire (OBQ-44) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). The correlation between family factors (dysfunctional family environment and negative parent rearing), cognitive traits (obsessive beliefs), emotional traits (anxiety traits), and obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) were analyzed. Moreover, the mediating effect of cognitive and emotional traits between family factors and OCS was explored. Finally, 31 parents of patients and 20 non-clinical adolescents and their parents completed the FES, EMBU, OBQ-44, and STAI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that dysfunctional family environment, negative parent rearing, obsessive beliefs and anxiety traits were positively correlated with OCS in adolescents with OCD. Parallel mediation analyses revealed that obsessive beliefs fully mediated the relationship between family factors and OCS, whereas anxiety traits did not show a significant unique mediating effect after controlling for obsessive beliefs. Compared with parents of non-clinical adolescents, parents of OCD patients showed significant obsessive beliefs and anxiety traits.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cognitive traits (obsessive beliefs), but not emotional traits (anxiety traits), served as a unique mediating mechanism between family factors and OCS. Both cognitive and emotional traits demonstrated familial aggregation. These findings provide an empirical basis for family-based interventions targeting obsessive beliefs in adolescents with OCD.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147810750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Affiliate stigma, perceived social support, and caregiver burden among caregivers of people with substance use disorders in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Loujain Sharif, Lujain Altwaim, Raghad Alsharif, Mai Alzahrani, Mazoon Alghamdi, Razan Qashqari, Shahad Qusti, Ayman Mohamed El-Ashry, Alaa Mahsoon","doi":"10.1186/s12888-026-08127-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-026-08127-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Caregivers of individuals with substance use disorders (SUD) commonly experience affiliate stigma, low social support, and high burden. However, little is known regarding how these experiences differ across the sociodemographics and characteristics of Saudi caregivers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 209 caregivers recruited from the outpatient clinics of a governmental mental health hospital and from online caregiver support groups. Data were collected via the Affiliate Stigma Scale, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and the Zarit Burden Interview-Abridged Version. The data were analysed via SPSS version 26.0 via descriptive statistics, independent-sample t tests, and one-way ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc comparisons, and the significance was set at p ≤ 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>High affiliate stigma was reported by 58.4% of the caregivers and was higher among those who were older, female, had low income, were unemployed, and were a spouse or parent (p < 0.05). Perceived social support differed by sex and employment status, with males and employed caregivers reporting higher scores for family and significant-other subscales (p < 0.05). A high caregiver burden was observed in 51.2% of the participants, particularly among spouses and parents (p = 0.012).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sociodemographic characteristics strongly influence levels of affiliate stigma, perceived social support, and the burden experienced by caregivers of people with SUD. These findings highlight the need for targeted, culturally specific interventions and sensitive support services addressing high-risk groups such as older female caregivers, those with lower incomes, and close family members.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147810731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a phone-based, CBT-I-centered digital intervention on sleep and depressive symptoms in real-world clinical settings.","authors":"Lili Yang, Pan Yan, You Xu, Linlin Hu, Jia Wei, Mingfen Song, Wenjuan Liu, Hongjing Mao","doi":"10.1186/s12888-026-08060-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-026-08060-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate Item s associated with treatment response to a phone-based, CBT-I-centered digital intervention in patients with depressive disorders, with a primary focus on sleep-related improvement and its association with changes in depressive symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 307 outpatients with depressive disorders were enrolled from a sleep disorders clinic and received a phone-based, CBT-I-centered digital intervention delivered via a mobile application, in addition to routine pharmacotherapy. The intervention primarily targeted sleep disturbances and incorporated CBT techniques and psychoeducation. Participants completed demographic questionnaires and were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Patient Health Questionnaire-9(PHQ-9), Patient Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15), and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS).Treatment response was defined as a ≥ 50% reduction in total PHQ-9 score. Item s influencing treatment response at weeks 8 and 12, as well as Item s associated with residual symptoms at week 12, were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Univariate analyses showed that age and education level were significantly associated with treatment response at both weeks 8 and 12 (P < 0.05), whereas gender was not. Multivariate logistic regression indicated that younger age (< 30 years) and longer disease duration (> 3 years) were independently associated with poorer treatment outcomes at both follow-up points.At week 12, residual symptoms were significantly associated with younger age, longer disease duration, poorer sleep quality (higher PSQI scores), greater somatic symptom burden (PHQ-15), and increased daytime sleepiness (ESS).Multivariate analyses identified younger age, longer disease duration, and family history of depression as independent risk Item s for residual symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This real-world study suggests that a CBT-I-centered digital intervention primarily targeting sleep disturbances may be associated with concurrent improvements in depressive symptoms among patients with depression. Younger patients and those with longer illness duration appear to be at higher risk for poorer outcomes and persistent residual symptoms.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration number: </strong>ChiCTR2500103629.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147761478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceived health exposure to mega sporting event and depressive symptoms in older adults: the mediating roles of physical activity and loneliness.","authors":"Botang Guo, Ying Fu, Qingyan Tian, Yihao Shu, Kexin Li, Haocheng Yang, Xueying Zhang, Ming Zhang, Yu Liu, Ping Tang, Dongsheng Hu","doi":"10.1186/s12888-026-08120-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-026-08120-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147761459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drought exposure and severe mental distress among adolescent girls and young women in Lesotho: the moderating role of food insecurity.","authors":"Ololade Julius Baruwa, Oluwaseyi Dolapo Somefun, Hlengiwe Gwebu","doi":"10.1186/s12888-026-08116-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-026-08116-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147761539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virtual reality-based exercise interventions for the treatment of depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Chenyi Cai, Zhengyang Mei, Yang Yang, Yu Shi, Shi Luo","doi":"10.1186/s12888-026-08036-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-026-08036-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the overall efficacy of virtual reality-based exercise interventions (VR-EXIs) in alleviating depression and to provide evidence supporting the application of innovative non-pharmacological approaches in nursing practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic literature search across six electronic databases from inception to May 2025. Two independent researchers followed established inclusion and exclusion criteria to identify relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Risk of bias assessment was conducted using the Revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB 2). Standardized mean differences (SMDs; Hedges' g) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were utilized to pool the effect sizes. We conducted moderator analysis to explore sources of heterogeneity and performed sensitivity analysis to assess the robustness of the pooled results. Publication bias was evaluated by visually inspecting funnel plots and performing Egger's test. We evaluated the certainty of evidence for the pooled results according to the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) guidelines. This systematic review and meta-analysis were registered in PROSPERO (registration number: CRD420251150311).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The systematic review included 19 RCTs involving 1,275 participants, of which 12 were pooled in the meta-analysis. The included studies exhibited considerable heterogeneity in terms of population characteristics and intervention implementation. The included studies ranged in quality from low to high risk of bias. The pairwise meta-analysis indicated that, compared with the control groups, VR-EXIs significantly improved depression (SMD = -0.79, 95% CI [-1.28, -0.29], p < 0.01). The meta-regression analysis indicated that sociodemographic characteristics and implementation parameters exerted no impact on the efficacy of VR-EXIs. The subgroup analysis indicated that the efficacy of VR-EXIs on depression showed significant differences under different control conditions and disease status. The sensitivity analysis indicated that the pooled results of VR-EXIs on depression were robust, with effect sizes ranging from - 0.89 to -0.55. However, according to the GRADE criteria, the certainty of evidence for the efficacy of VR-EXIs in alleviating depression remains very low.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings support the positive effects of VR-EXIs in alleviating depression. However, this evidence may exhibit heterogeneity owing to differences in population characteristics and intervention implementation, and the certainty of evidence is very low. Future research should be grounded in a more comprehensive population and intervention information to address this study's limitations.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147761698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alpha-band fronto-limbic hyperconnectivity in adolescents with major depression and suicidal ideation.","authors":"Mi Zhang, Xiaofeng Lan, Weicheng Li, Zhanjie Luo, Guanxi Liu, Zitao Wu, Yu Yao, Anqi Wu, Yanling Zhou","doi":"10.1186/s12888-026-08096-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-026-08096-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147761434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Athletes' psychological strain, negative emotions, and suicidal ideation: a mixed methods study.","authors":"Chang Hu, Wenying Huang, Wen Zhang, Jia Qin, Jia Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12888-026-08099-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-026-08099-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Suicidal ideation is an emerging issue among athletes, posing significant risks to their mental health. The mechanisms linking psychological strain to suicidal ideation remain unclear. This study addresses this gap by examining the mediating role of negative emotions in this relationship. Additionally, it employs latent profile and network analyses to identify key symptoms of psychological strain and negative emotions, providing novel insights for targeted interventions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 957 athletes from various sports in China were surveyed via the Athlete Psychological Strain Questionnaire (APSQ), the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21), and the Positive and Negative Suicide Ideation Inventory (PANSI). Participants were recruited via convenience sampling from sports teams and clubs nationwide. Latent profile analysis was employed to classify the athletes into distinct groups on the basis of their psychological strain levels. This was followed by correlation analysis, structural equation modeling, and network analysis to examine the relationships and mediating effects among the variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of the latent profile analysis indicated that athletes could be categorized into two groups: high- and low-psychological-strain groups. In the high-psychological-strain group, significant positive correlations were found between psychological strain, negative emotions, and suicidal ideation. Negative emotions partially mediated the relationship between psychological strain and suicidal ideation, accounting for 33% of the total effect. Network analysis revealed that \"I worried about life after sport\" was the core symptom of psychological strain, whereas \"Life was meaningless\" was the core symptom of negative emotions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides evidence for the crucial role of negative emotions in the relationship between athletes' psychological strain and suicidal ideation. Network analysis highlights the core symptoms of psychological strain and negative emotions. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of athletes' mental health issues and offer valuable insights for developing targeted psychological interventions to enhance athletes' psychological well-being and sports performance.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147761388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influences on prescribing in borderline personality disorder: insights from health care professionals: a qualitative interview study.","authors":"Joshua Confue, Ian Maidment, Matthew Jones","doi":"10.1186/s12888-026-08104-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-026-08104-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147761480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Internalized stigma and psychache in individuals with mental disorders: a cross-sectional comparative study.","authors":"Veysel Kaplan, Özlem Kaçkin, Mustafa Günerigök","doi":"10.1186/s12888-026-08090-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-026-08090-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147761512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}