BMC Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Exploring client and clinician experiences of cognitive behavioural therapy for depersonalisation-derealisation disorder (CBT-f-DDD).","authors":"Cheuk Lon Malcolm Wong, Elaine C M Hunter, Toby Newson, Nicola Dalrymple, Joe Perkins, Nicola Morant","doi":"10.1186/s12888-026-08052-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-026-08052-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147833197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological aspects of sexuality in adults with social anxiety disorder.","authors":"Christina Elling-Lueder, Man-Long Chung, Andreas J Forstner, Carsten Spitzer, Stefanie Rambau, Markus Ramm, Franziska Geiser, Johannes Schumacher, Nicole Ernstmann, Katja Brenk-Franz, Rupert Conrad","doi":"10.1186/s12888-026-08138-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-026-08138-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sexual dysfunctions in individuals with social anxiety disorder (SAD) have been previously reported. However, most of these results refer to physical and behavioral measures. Psychological aspects have not been previously researched.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In the present study, we utilized an online version of the \"Multidimensional Sexuality Questionnaire\" (MSQ) in a sample of individuals with SAD (n = 242, 40.70 ± 13.40 years, 58.7% female). We hypothesized greater difficulties for SAD individuals compared to controls without SAD through the influence of fear and avoidance symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on multivariate analyses (MANCOVA), SAD individuals showcased significant deficiencies in almost all subscales of the MSQ compared to the control group (partial η² = 0.016 - 0.217, all p < .001). Moreover, men with SAD were significantly more preoccupied and motivated for sexual behaviour and relationships than women with SAD (partial η² = 0.104 - 0.159, all p < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results give first insights for psychological reasons possibly underlying sexual difficulties in SAD patients. SAD individuals spend less time thinking about and are less motivated for sexuality. Assertiveness and the belief of one's control and autonomy of sexuality are less pronounced in SAD individuals. Those signs can be approached via different techniques and therapeutic interventions if difficulties with sexuality and sexual satisfaction are relevant for those affected by SAD.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13147652/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147833221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological heterogeneity and transitions of non-suicidal self-injury in adolescents: a two-wave longitudinal cohort study.","authors":"Xing Li, Qingqing Xiao, Yan Xiao, Lijuan Huang, Dandan Hou, Xuehua Huang","doi":"10.1186/s12888-026-08057-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-026-08057-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is common among adolescents and is associated with substantial psychological distress and elevated suicide risk. From an ecological-developmental perspective, adolescent NSSI may arise from interacting influences across individual vulnerabilities, developmental adversity, family relationships, and social resources. However, most previous studies have examined these factors using variable-centered approaches, which may overlook psychosocial heterogeneity within clinical populations. This study aimed to examine three-year transitions in NSSI among psychiatric adolescents and to investigate whether multidomain psychosocial profiles identified at baseline were associated with these transition outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A two-wave longitudinal cohort study was conducted among 432 adolescent psychiatric inpatients (mean age = 14.6 years; 81.3% female) with a three-year follow-up interval. NSSI was assessed at baseline and follow-up, and transitions were categorized as stable no NSSI, new-onset NSSI, remission, or persistence. Latent profile analysis was used to identify psychosocial profiles based on multidomain indicators including emotional symptoms, trauma exposure, stressful life events, psychosocial resources, coping styles, and perceived parenting. Multinomial logistic regression models examined predictors of transition outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>NSSI prevalence declined from 22.9% at baseline to 14.1% at follow-up. Transition patterns included stable no NSSI (64.1%), remission (21.8%), new onset (13.0%), and persistence (1.2%). Latent profile analysis identified three psychosocial subgroups: a lower-risk/high-resource profile, an intermediate-risk profile, and a high-stress/low-support profile. Transition distributions differed significantly across profiles, with the lower-risk profile showing the highest remission proportion and the high-stress/low-support profile showing the lowest remission proportion. In multivariable models, low household economic status (RRR = 2.64), personal suicide history (RRR = 2.96), and lower paternal emotional warmth (RRR = 0.52) independently predicted current NSSI, whereas greater childhood trauma (RRR = 0.35) and stressful life events (RRR = 0.68) were associated with lower odds of remission.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NSSI among adolescents receiving psychiatric care shows heterogeneous transition patterns and distinct psychosocial profiles. Multidomain psychosocial characteristics, including socioeconomic adversity, prior suicidality, trauma exposure, life stress, and paternal emotional warmth, appear to be important correlates of NSSI transitions. These findings highlight the value of incorporating multidomain psychosocial assessment into clinical risk evaluation and intervention planning.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147833171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating causal associations among inflammatory proteins, blood metabolites, and Alzheimer's disease risk.","authors":"Shuai Liu, Jingjing Zhu, Hua Zhong, Dan Zhou, Quan Long, Zichen Zhang, Xiaochen Yang, Qing Wu, Chao Cheng, Jianyong Wu, Hung N Luu, Jing Wang, Bingxin Zhao, Chong Wu, Youping Deng, Lang Wu","doi":"10.1186/s12888-026-08136-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-026-08136-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent degenerative neurological disorder with limited treatment options. Prior studies reported specific metabolites and inflammatory proteins to be related to AD risk. However, the intricate relationship between inflammatory proteins, blood metabolites, and AD risk in European population remains unclear. Genetic instruments for 1,091 metabolites and 736 inflammatory proteins were derived from two recent comprehensive genome-wide association studies. Univariable Mendelian Randomization was employed to assess potential causal effects of metabolites on AD risk, potential effects of inflammatory proteins on metabolites, and effects of inflammatory proteins on AD risk. Multivariable MR (MVMR) was further applied to disentangle direct effects of proteins and metabolites on AD. Twelve metabolites were identified to be associated with AD risk, and 226 inflammatory proteins demonstrated likely to be causal effects on these 12 metabolites. Further examining the associations between such inflammatory proteins and AD risk revealed 22 associations for which the effect directions from inflammatory proteins to metabolites, from metabolites to AD risk, and from inflammatory proteins to AD risk were aligned, suggesting inflammatory protein - metabolite - AD risk pathway. MVMR further highlighted four trios in which the effect directions were consistent with the UVMR results, supporting a metabolite‑mediated pattern. This large‑scale genetic analysis highlights specific metabolites as direct contributors to AD risk and suggests that certain inflammatory proteins may influence AD primarily through downstream metabolic pathways. Our findings offer potential novel therapeutic targets for AD intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147833200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"I just held it to myself\": screening and treatment experiences of individuals with perinatal suicidal thoughts and behaviors.","authors":"Lauren A Kobylski, Alex A Schroeder, Catherine K Thong, Jennifer M Keller, Huynh-Nhu Le","doi":"10.1186/s12888-026-08129-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-026-08129-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Suicide is a leading cause of maternal mortality, yet there are currently no evidence-based perinatal suicide prevention programs. Given the risk of serious outcomes if undetected or inadequately treated, the goal of this study was to further understand the screening and treatment experiences of individuals with perinatal suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Qualitative data were generated from in-depth interviews with 13 individuals primarily from the United States who experienced perinatal suicidality at least 6 months prior to participation. Thematic analysis was used to examine the experiences of participants with respect to screening and treatment of perinatal STBs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Regarding screening, three major themes were identified: (1) gaps in comprehensive/routine screening for STBs (e.g., infrequent screenings or non-specific to suicide), (2) attitudes toward disclosure of STBs (resulting in omission of symptoms or downplaying of severity), and (3) importance of follow-up after screening. Three themes influenced participants' treatment experiences: (1) providers' engagement in care, (2) shared decision-making between provider and patient, and (3) impact of perinatal-specific treatment programs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings from this study highlight critical gaps in screening for and treatment of perinatal STBs. Implementing routine screening and comprehensive follow-up and improving treatment experiences are essential for improving the care of individuals with perinatal STBs and reducing maternal mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147810768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dyadic effects of role adaptation on postpartum anxiety and depression: the mediating role of future time insight and parenting competence.","authors":"Congrui Fu, Shuxin Zhang, Ziqian Wei, Xinyao Yu, Bingwen Zhang, Shuo Gu, Jie Hu","doi":"10.1186/s12888-026-08134-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-026-08134-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To investigate the current status and dyadic mechanism of maternal and spousal role adaptation for postpartum anxiety and depression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Convenience sampling was employed to select 276 pairs of mothers and their spouses from October 2023 to October 2024 as study participants. Binary analyses were conducted using the actor-partner interdependence model (APIM) and the mediation model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence rates of anxiety and depression during the first postpartum year were 38.5% and 14.5% among mothers, and 36.9% and 12.9% among their spouses, respectively. The APIM revealed that maternal and spousal role adaptation significantly and negatively predicted their own postpartum anxiety (maternal actor effect: β = -0.120; spousal actor effect: β = -0.081) and depression (maternal actor effect: β = -0.165; spousal actor effect: β = -0.113), and that role adaptation similarly predicted each other's anxiety (maternal partner effect: β = -0.115; spousal partner effect: β = -0.059) and depression (maternal partner effect: β = -0.129, spousal partner effect: β = -0.064). Mediation analyses suggest that future time insight and parenting competence mediate this process.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Postpartum anxiety and depression serve as a dyadic phenomenon, where maternal and spousal role adaptation significantly affects mental health outcomes. Future time insights and feelings of parenting competence serve as mediating variables in the relationship.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147810788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient considerations in trauma-focused treatment decision-making: a qualitative study.","authors":"Dionne M Dopmeijer, Noortje I van Vliet, Maarten K van Dijk, Manna A Alma","doi":"10.1186/s12888-026-08125-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-026-08125-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common psychiatric condition, with a global prevalence of 3.9% and a lifetime prevalence of 7.4% in the Netherlands. Although numerous evidence-based treatments are available, their use varies considerably. Understanding patient perspectives and experiences in the decision-making process when choosing a specific treatment is crucial for improving the quality of care.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to explore the decision-making process from the perspective of patients with PTSD, focusing on their considerations and experiences when choosing a specific psychotherapeutic treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this qualitative study, twelve semi-structured interviews were conducted with patients with PTSD (aged 21-55 years) receiving care at a mental health organisation in the east of the Netherlands. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis, informed by grounded theory-inspired analytic techniques. Analysis was iterative and inductive, focusing on the identification and interpretation of patterns of meaning across patients' accounts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five themes were identified, connected through an overarching interpretive concept of patient-attunement: (1) the role of treatment characteristics (2), the role of therapeutic factors (3), the role of treatment duration and intensity (4), the role of significant others, and (5) the role of information about trauma-focused treatment. Patients emphasised the importance of personalised information and support from clinicians and significant others. Ongoing responsiveness within the therapeutic relationship, including trust and collaboration, was central to experiencing the decision-making process as supportive and meaningful.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>For patients with post-traumatic stress disorder, multiple factors play a role in choosing a psychotherapeutic trauma-focused treatment. This study shows that continued attunement to patients' diverse needs is central to the decision-making process. Such attunement may take various forms, including attention to the therapeutic relationship, discussion of treatment characteristics and frequency, and responsiveness to patients' preferences regarding information provision. Involving patients' support systems may further support decision-making. Together, these findings suggest that clinicians should remain attentive to patients' needs at multiple points during the pre-treatment phase. Approaches such as shared decision-making may help facilitate this attunement.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147810714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transitioning from clozapine to Cobenfy (xanomeline-trospium chloride) in treatment resistant schizophrenia and clozapine induced OCD.","authors":"Ali Nakip, Rachel M Rose, Stephen F Lewis","doi":"10.1186/s12888-026-07795-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-026-07795-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) is defined as nonresponse to at least two adequate antipsychotic trials at therapeutic doses for six or more weeks. Currently, clozapine is the only antipsychotic approved for TRS by the FDA and a plethora of evidence indicates that it is the most efficacious antipsychotic for treatment of chronic and refractory cases of schizophrenia. However, its utilization is often limited by metabolic, hematologic, and anticholinergic side effects. Notably, clozapine-induced obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) or obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have been increasingly recognized, attributed to its potent serotonergic antagonism. In 2024, the FDA approved xanomeline-trospium, a dual agent combining a central muscarinic M1/M4 agonist with a peripheral antimuscarinic, which offers a novel approach to treating psychosis. Early evidence suggests comparable efficacy to other antipsychotics, with fewer metabolic and extrapyramidal side effects. We present a case of a woman with longstanding schizophrenia and clozapine-induced OCD successfully transitioned to xanomeline-trospium, resulting in remission of both psychotic and obsessive-compulsive symptoms.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 57-year-old woman with a chronic history of schizophrenia, requiring multiple hospitalizations and maintenance electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), stabilized on clozapine 300 mg nightly after failing several antipsychotics. Despite adherence, she exhibited persistent hallucinations, negative symptoms, and later developed clozapine-induced OCD characterized by intrusive counting and numerical obsessions refractory to high-dose sertraline. Due to distressing OCD and passive suicidal ideation, she was admitted for a discontinuation of clozapine and initiation of xanomeline-trospium. Clozapine was tapered and discontinued before initiating xanomeline-trospium, titrated to 100 mg/20 mg twice daily. Within one week after starting xanomeline-trospium, her counting obsessions resolved, psychosis improved, and suicidality resolved. At discharge, three weeks post-admission, she remained stable on xanomeline-trospium, ziprasidone, and sertraline, with complete remission of hallucinations and obsessions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case highlights a successful switch from clozapine to xanomeline-trospium for management of chronic schizophrenia and clozapine induced OCD. The patient's improvement raises important considerations regarding clozapine-induced OCD, cautious discontinuation, and the benefit of muscarinic receptor agonists. Xanomeline-trospium may represent a viable alternative for patients intolerant of clozapine.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147810739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of suicidal crisis in an adolescent with Becker muscular dystrophy: a case report.","authors":"Hongying Wan, Liyun Zheng, Xiaopeng Wu, Jianwen Xiong, Chaoxiong Zhou","doi":"10.1186/s12888-026-08139-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-026-08139-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) is a rare X-linked recessive disorder associated with progressive physical disability, which may increase the risk of suicidal ideation. However, acute suicidal crises are rarely reported in BMD, as neuromuscular vulnerability restricts standard emergency pharmacological and somatic interventions. We describe an adolescent with BMD complicated by severe suicidal crisis to highlight key diagnostic and therapeutic considerations.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 16-year-old boy, who was diagnosed with BMD at the age of 8, became socially isolated due to progressive muscle weakness and long-term home confinement. He had experienced depressed mood for 3 years and recurrent self-injurious behavior for 6 months before admission, eventually engaging in wrist-cutting and an attempted jump from a building. Psychological assessment revealed severe depression and anxiety. To avoid premature definitive classification during an acute crisis, the patient was managed under a broader working diagnosis of mood disorder. Treatment emphasized psychotherapy and family intervention, with adjunctive low-dose fluoxetine (20 mg/day) and olanzapine (5 mg/day) to control impulsivity while minimizing sedation-related worsening of muscle weakness. Suicidal ideation resolved within 5 days, and no further severe suicidal behavior occurred over 10 months of follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Severe suicidal behavior in BMD highlights the profound psychiatric impact of progressive physical and social decline. In adolescents with BMD and severe suicidal behaviors, dynamic assessment and early crisis intervention are essential. Psychological and family-based interventions should be prioritized, while pharmacotherapy, when needed, should be used cautiously to avoid exacerbating underlying neuromuscular weakness.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147810783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinct and shared neurobiological patterns in PTSD and CPTSD: evidence from resting-state fMRI.","authors":"Hanyi Zhang, Hongqi Xiao, Qiaoling Zhang, Shuyu Hou, You Wu, Minlan Yuan, Junran Zhang, Changjian Qiu, Su Lui, Wei Zhang, Hongru Zhu","doi":"10.1186/s12888-026-08113-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-026-08113-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Complex Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (CPTSD) is a diagnosis newly introduced in the ICD-11. However, its status as a distinct disorder from Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) remains debated, and there is a notable lack of neuroimaging evidence derived from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) to clarify this distinction. This study aimed to address this gap by providing integrated neuroimaging evidence to elucidate their unique and shared neural bases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>By collecting resting-state functional brain imaging data from patients with PTSD, CPTSD, and matched HCs and clinical scale data from participants, the amplitude of Low Fluctuations (ALFF) and functional connectivity in different brain regions were analyzed, and correlations between neuroimaging features and clinical indicators were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study found that patients with CPTSD exhibited increased ALFF in the left prefrontal cortex, right supplementary motor area (SMA), and right superior parietal lobule, while showing decreased ALFF in the left calcarine sulcus and right temporal lobe. Patients with PTSD demonstrated increased ALFF in the left insula and decreased ALFF in the left angular gyrus, which was negatively correlated with negative alterations in cognition and mood. Both disorders showed decreased ALFF in several prefrontal regions. Additionally, PTSD exhibited enhanced connectivity between the right SMA and right precuneus, while both disorders showed increased functional connectivity between the caudate nucleus and lingual gyrus.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study suggests distinct neurobiological patterns between PTSD and CPTSD, which may be associated with between-group differences in trauma timing categories. These findings offer preliminary insights and testable hypotheses regarding neurobiological differences between PTSD and CPTSD, and may serve as a preliminary reference for future investigations aimed at identifying neural markers to distinguish between the two conditions.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147810748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}