BMC Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Contraceptive use in women of childbearing age with bipolar disorder.","authors":"Elisa Rodríguez-Toscano, Ingrid de Chazeron, Raoul Belzeaux, Pierre Michel Llorca, Ludovic Samalin","doi":"10.1186/s12888-026-08348-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12888-026-08348-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Unplanned pregnancies are frequent in women with bipolar disorder (BD) while perinatal period is associated with a higher risk of relapse. Effective contraception during childbearing age in BD could reduce the risk of unplanned pregnancy and its consequences. The present study studied the prevalence of contraceptive use and which sociodemographic and clinical variables affect its use in women with BD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>796 women (18-50 years old) with BD were recruited and evaluated by the MONTRA survey in France among hospital and consultant psychiatrists. Sociodemographic, clinical and treatment variables were compared between patients with and without contraception use. A logistic regression estimated which variables had a predictive effect on the use of contraception.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A 61.2% reported the use of effective contraception. Women who use contraception were in 26-35 (OR = 2.40,p < 0.001) and 36-45 (OR = 1.92,p < 0.001) range age, displayed higher levels of education (OR = 5.07,p = 0.003), were more active (OR = 1.63,p = 0.006), did not live alone (OR = 1.41,p = 0.033) and had fewer manic or mixed episodes (OR = 0.50,p = 0.007).No association was found with the nature of pharmacological treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sociodemographic variables were mainly associated with contraception use among BD women. As preventive measures for risk of relapse in BD, contraceptive counseling, including reduction of unplanned pregnancies, should be systematically ensured.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13651041/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149134941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of the Beliefs in Social Anxiety Scale (BIAS) for Chinese socially anxious adults and adolescents.","authors":"Liechuan Cui, Lele Feng, Jingjing Huang, Jiaqi Liu, Jia Luo, Meng Yu, Xinfeng Tang","doi":"10.1186/s12888-026-08368-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12888-026-08368-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Maladaptive social beliefs play a pivotal role in the development and maintenance of social anxiety; however, existing measures have limited cultural adaptability for Chinese populations. Therefore, this study developed and validated the Beliefs in Social Anxiety Scale (BIAS), designed to assess maladaptive social beliefs among Chinese adolescents and adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three studies were conducted to examine its psychometric properties using data from community samples of Chinese adolescents and adults. Study 1 employed a mixed-methods approach. Initial items were generated through semi-structured qualitative interviews with individuals reporting high levels of social anxiety (N = 34), defined as scoring ≥ 19 on the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN). A larger quantitative sample (N = 1,087) was then used to explore the scale's factor structure and conduct preliminary validation of its psychometric properties. Study 2 (baseline: N = 769; 6-month follow-up: N = 503) validated the scale's properties longitudinally in adults. Study 3 (N = 1,017) assessed its applicability in adolescents in two high schools.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across studies, the BIAS showed a stable four-factor structure, including negative self-perception, perceived poor social skills, high estimated social cost, and high estimated visibility of physical symptoms. Confirmatory factor analyses supported this structure across samples, with acceptable-to-good fit indices (CFI = 0.926 to 0.968, TLI = 0.918 to 0.965, RMSEA = 0.042 to 0.077, SRMR = 0.036 to 0.046). Internal consistency was good to excellent (α/ω = 0.82 to 0.97), and the scale demonstrated convergent, discriminant, and criterion-related validity, as well as comparability across gender, time, and samples.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The BIAS provides a culturally sensitive and psychometrically robust tool for assessing maladaptive social beliefs in Chinese community populations. It may facilitate the identification of culturally shaped belief patterns and inform the development of culturally adapted cognitive-behavioral interventions. Limitations include gender imbalance, mixed administration formats, use of community samples, and preliminary evidence for predictive validity based on a relatively small longitudinal subsample, highlighting the need for further validation in clinical and diverse populations.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13651011/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149134916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of plasma oxytocin in early-onset schizophrenia: implications for disease severity and early intervention.","authors":"Xiao Wang, Shuyi Wang, Jialun Guo, Jihui Zhang, Bo Chen, Junxia Li, Zhao Zhao, Chunyan Li, Hongyan Cai, Sha Liu","doi":"10.1186/s12888-026-08364-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12888-026-08364-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Early-onset schizophrenia (EOS) is a severe psychiatric disorder with poor long-term outcomes. It offers a unique opportunity to examine the neurobiological mechanisms of schizophrenia without the confounding effects of adult environmental factors. Oxytocin (OXT), a neuropeptide involved in social and emotional regulation, has been linked to several psychiatric conditions, including schizophrenia. This study investigated associations between plasma OXT levels, disease severity, personality traits, and childhood trauma in EOS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were 118 patients with EOS and 76 healthy controls (HC). Plasma OXT levels were measured, symptom severity was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), personality traits were evaluated with the Chinese Adolescent Personality Five-Factor Inventory, and childhood trauma was measured using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form. Analyses included independent-samples t tests, chi-square tests, binary logistic regression, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and correlation analysis using SPSS and R.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>EOS patients had significantly lower plasma OXT levels than HC (P < 0.001). Sex, extraversion, OXT levels, and emotional abuse predicted EOS, explaining 55.4% of the variance. OXT levels showed moderate diagnostic utility (Area under the curve, AUC = 0.776) with an optimal cutoff of 183.428 pg/mL. In patients with milder symptoms (PANSS < 65), OXT levels positively correlated with symptom severity (r = 0.482, P = 0.020); no correlation was found in severe cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Altered OXT levels may be associated with EOS pathophysiology, particularly in early stages. Plasma OXT levels may have potential as biomarkers for early diagnosis and intervention, pending validation in longitudinal studies, supporting future research on personalized treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13651012/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149134888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient experiences of benzodiazepine tapering: a qualitative study of treatment in addiction care.","authors":"Sofia Burmester, Cecilia Krüger, Johan Franck, Jeanette Westman","doi":"10.1186/s12888-026-08745-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12888-026-08745-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tapering by gradual dose reduction is a key component of treatment for individuals with addiction to benzodiazepines. Although many patients recover, treatment dropouts and relapses are common. Few studies have explored how benzodiazepine tapering is experienced from the patient perspective.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This qualitative study involved semi-structured interviews with 19 adults with addiction to benzodiazepines who were undergoing tapering treatment at a publicly funded outpatient addiction clinic. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyze the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants described benzodiazepine tapering in addiction care as a process marked by substantial variations in experiences and perceived difficulty. Three themes captured central aspects of how tapering was experienced: (1) Navigating motivation and involvement, (2) Replacing benzodiazepines with new coping strategies, and (3) Balancing support throughout treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides an experiential perspective on benzodiazepine tapering in addiction care. The findings illustrate how motivation, coping strategies, and support are closely related to participants' experiences of discontinuation and treatment, highlighting the importance of tapering practices and interpersonal interactions for understanding engagement with treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13651171/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149134902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of sample-specific stressors, social identification, stress mindset and resilience for the well-being of descendants of mentally ill parents: a quasi-experimental cross-sectional study.","authors":"Isabel Grünenwald-Mattern, Luise Beyer, Antonia J Kaluza, Rolf van Dick","doi":"10.1186/s12888-026-08361-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-026-08361-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Descendants of mentally ill parents (DMIP) make up about 22% of the population and are 2-13 times more likely to experience mental problems themselves. Preventive health interventions are needed, which should foster protective factors. Unfortunately, little is known about which variables can serve as protective factors for this at-risk group.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this quasi-experimental cross-sectional study, we compared DMIP (n = 332) with a control group (n = 90) with mentally healthy parents. We predicted that (1) DMIP report a lower well-being than the control group and that DMIP who experienced more sample-specific stressors report lower well-being, (2) that family identification relates to better well-being but that this relationship is moderated by ambivalent identification and disidentification and (3) that the relationship between sample-specific stressors and well-being is moderated by resilience and stress mindset.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analyses show that compared to a control group, DMIP rather have a negative stress-mindset, identify less with their family, show higher disidentification and ambivalent identification with their families and report poorer well-being for most measures. DMIP who experience more sample-specific stressors report lower well-being. Identification with the family positively relates to DMIP's well-being. This relationship was especially strong when ambivalent identification was low (for DMIP but not for the control group). The relationship between the sample-specific stressors and well-being is not moderated by resilience or the stress mindset.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>For preventive health programs, we propose to assess specific stressors and tailor interventions accordingly; to integrate modules which foster identification with the family and reduce ambivalent identification and to test if a stress mindset training benefits DMIP.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13632449/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149103914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuropsychobiological transdiagnostic risk mechanisms for aggression in mental disorders across the life span.","authors":"Ute Habel, Andreas Reif, Sabine Herpertz, Kerstin Konrad, Christine Freitag, Tobias Banaschewski, Thomas Frodl, Catherine Barnes-Scheufler, Lisa Berg, Katja Bertsch, Natalya Chechko, Andreas G Chiocchetti, Christine Ecker, Gabriele Ende, Antonia Fritsch, Chiara Gramegna, Michael Hanke, Nathalie Holz, Philippa Hüpen, Ina Kuschel, Klaus Mathiak, Annika Maas, Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg, Corinne Neukel, Christian Paret, Michael Plichta, Vanessa Reindl, Wolfgang Retz, Jaqueline Scharf, Christian Schmahl, Henry Schirok, Heike Tost, Daniel Turner, Oliver Tüscher, Lisa Wagels, Carmen Weidler, Jana Zweerings","doi":"10.1186/s12888-026-08359-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-026-08359-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Aggression in mental disorders (AMD) is a prevalent symptom, poses difficulties to the clinical setting and has far-reaching societal implications. The biological basis of different manifestations, developmental courses, and disease-specific mechanisms remains largely unknown. The lack of understanding of the complex mechanisms underlying AMD due to the heterogeneity of aggression and psychiatric disorders themselves, will be addressed by studying a longitudinal transdiagnostic cohort of patients suffering from mental disorders dimensionally quantified with respect to aggressive behavior.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Capitalizing on the Research Domain Criteria \"negative valence system\" (NVS) and \"cognitive system\" (CS), multilevel measurements of behavioral and biological systems provide a harmonized dataset at three study sites (Frankfurt, Mannheim/Heidelberg, Aachen; 900 adults, 200 children/youth) including forensic satellites (n = 150). A cross-sectional matched control group (300 adults, 100 youth) will also be included.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The goal of the study is to provide a multilevel characterization of patients, assessing dimensional phenotypic measures across time points and diagnoses, to finally define aggressive biosignatures.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The present study has been registered at https://drks.de/register/en/trial/DRKS00035731 (number of registration: DRKS00035731; date of registration: 20/02/2025).</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13625220/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149103934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender and other diversity-related factors in psychiatric hospital care: protocol for the participatory mixed-methods PSY-DIVER study.","authors":"Sönke Johann Peters, Svenja Kratzke, Marwan Ahmed, Ana Staninska, Altina Aliu, Marisa Felicitas Flaspöler, Jürgen Zielasek, Carolin Schuster, Euphrosyne Gouzoulis-Mayfrank","doi":"10.1186/s12888-026-08630-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12888-026-08630-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Psychiatric hospital care is multimodal and typically comprises pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, social therapy, occupational therapy, exercise therapy, and various forms of creative therapies. The use, acceptance and effectiveness of these interventions may be shaped by gender and further diversity-related factors including age, migration background, sexual orientation, religious beliefs and socioeconomic status. The impact of such diversity-related factors on psychiatric inpatient care processes and outcomes has not been comprehensively examined in German psychiatric hospitals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PSY-DIVER is a participatory mixed-methods research project conducted by the LVR Institute for Research and Education. The project runs from 1 November 2025 to 31 October 2028 and comprises four linked components: participatory project governance including a co-creation workshop, clinical routine data analyses, qualitative interviews followed by quantitative online surveys, and a two-round Delphi process to develop recommendations for clinical practice. In the routine data component, routine data from the nine psychiatric LVR hospitals with approximately 500,000 inpatient and day-care clinic cases and 1.7 million outpatient cases from 2015 to 2024 will be analysed, with a planned extension to more recent retrospective data during the project period. Structured routine data will be enriched by automated extraction of additional diversity-related variables from clinical free text using a rule-based natural language processing pipeline and locally hosted large language models in a secure local environment. Primary data collection will include 31 semi-structured interviews with mental health service users, relatives, and professionals, as well as online surveys with approximately 300 service users, 100 relatives, and 100 professionals. Integrated findings from these project parts will inform a structured consensus process with approximately 40 professional experts and experts by experience to formulate recommendations for a more diversity-sensitive psychiatric hospital care.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>PSY-DIVER is designed to generate a detailed empirical account of how gender and other diversity-related factors are associated with treatment allocation, treatment processes and treatment outcomes in psychiatric hospital care. By combining large-scale routine data, primary stakeholder data and a participatory consensus process, the study aims to provide an evidence base for more equitable and diversity-sensitive psychiatric services.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00040088), registered on April 30, 2026.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13621539/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149073369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intensified return to work clinical aftercare for sick-listed employees with diagnosed mental disorders in Germany: effects of a multicentre randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Fiona Starke, Johannes Zimmermann, Alexandra Sikora, Inge Houkes, Anika Schulz, Ralf Stegmann, Laura Seufert, Eva Schmitz, Claudia Buntrock, Gregor R Szycik, Anna Borgolte, Hans-Peter Unger, Jan Ole Schumacher, Heiko Stark, Carlotta Schneller, Sarah-Louise Unterschemmann, Angelique de Rijk, Uta Wegewitz","doi":"10.1186/s12888-026-08639-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12888-026-08639-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mental disorders are a leading cause of sickness absence and disability in Europe. They often follow chronic or recurrent patterns, hindering a sustainable return to work (RTW). In Germany, RTW aftercare interventions focusing on maintaining recovery and minimizing relapse among employees transitioning from psychiatric treatment to the workplace are scarce. We therefore developed an intensified RTW clinical aftercare program (RTW-PIA). This study aimed to (i) evaluate the effectiveness of RTW-PIA in addition to Care as Usual (CAU) on achieving sustainable RTW (SRTW) compared to CAU only, (ii) assess its impact on secondary outcomes, and (iii) explore potential moderators.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multicentre randomized controlled trial, conducted in psychiatric outpatient clinics, included sick-listed employees diagnosed with a mental disorder. Participants (N = 484) were randomized to RTW-PIA + CAU (n = 240) or CAU only (n = 244). RTW-PIA is an 18-month multimodal aftercare combining medical-psychotherapeutic and work-oriented components. Primary outcome was self-reported SRTW, defined as ≤ 6 weeks of sickness absence within 12 months after full RTW. Primary and secondary outcomes (e.g., RTW self-efficacy, work ability) were collected at baseline and at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. Intention-to-treat analyses used logistic regression and growth curve models, complemented by prespecified sensitivity and exploratory moderator analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, RTW-PIA had no significant effect on achieving SRTW (OR = 1.38 [95% CI 0.89 to 2.12]). Secondary outcomes revealed no significant effects, despite a consistent pattern of slight improvements favoring RTW-PIA. Per-protocol and complete-case sensitivity analyses led to the same conclusion. In diagnostic subgroup sensitivity analyses, employees with recurrent depressive disorders showed significant improvements in several secondary outcomes. Prespecified exploratory moderator analyses suggested potential benefits for employees without a recognized disability degree and for those with low social support at work. After multiplicity adjustment, only recurrent depressive disorder still moderated the treatment effect on work ability.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>On average, RTW-PIA did not significantly improve SRTW or secondary outcomes. Employees without a recognized disability degree, with low social support at work, or with diagnosed recurrent depressive disorders might benefit from RTW-PIA. These hypotheses need to be tested in independent samples. Further research should also focus on the implementation of RTW-PIA.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>DRKS00026232 (prospectively registered on 01/09/2021).</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13632429/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149103923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Chinese Adolescents with Depressive Symptoms (CADS-D): protocol for a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Tingting Lei, Ning Wang, Rui Wang, Yuqian He, Xueer Liu, Xinyu Zhou","doi":"10.1186/s12888-026-08657-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12888-026-08657-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous studies have confirmed that digital cognitive behavioral therapy (dCBT) is an effective intervention for alleviating depressive symptoms. However, there are no specific dCBT programs available for Chinese adolescents. Therefore, we developed a smartphone-based cognitive behavioral therapy program. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of dCBT for Chinese adolescents with depressive symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Digital Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Chinese Adolescents with Depressive Symptoms (CADS-D) study is a single-center, two-arm, open-label randomized controlled trial. A total of 200 adolescents aged 12-18 years with depressive symptoms will be recruited. Key exclusion criteria include severe depressive symptoms or suicide risk, comorbid psychiatric disorders other than depressive disorders, severe physical illness or disability preventing dCBT use, current or recent treatment for depression, and inability to complete follow-up. Participants will be randomly assigned to either the intervention group, receiving the 6-week dCBT program MOCA, or the control group, receiving the regular school mental health curriculum. Assessments will be conducted at baseline (T1), post-intervention at week 6 (T2), and at a 3-month follow-up at week 18 (T3). The primary outcome is the change in depressive symptom severity from T1 to T2. Secondary outcomes, assessed at both T2 and T3, include feasibility and changes from baseline in self-reported depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, psychological resilience, and quality of life enjoyment and satisfaction. The first participant was enrolled in May 2025, and the study is currently ongoing.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Findings from the CADS-D trial will provide empirical evidence regarding the efficacy and feasibility of dCBT among Chinese adolescents. If dCBT proves effective in alleviating depressive symptoms in adolescents, it will enhance therapeutic access for a wider adolescent population in China.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT07163013; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07163013 ) on 9 September 2025.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13617833/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149073443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization and correlation of gut microbiota in major depressive disorder patients with suicidal ideation.","authors":"Fei Li, Ziwei Jiang, Jinrui Xing, Fengtao Guo, Chuhan Qu, Aixia Zhang, Chunxia Yang, Penghong Liu, Ning Sun","doi":"10.1186/s12888-026-08290-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12888-026-08290-9","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aimed to analyze the gut microbiota composition in major depressive disorder (MDD) patients with suicidal ideation and explore its correlations with suicidal ideation and plasma levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;57 MDD patients and 57 healthy controls (HC) were enrolled. The Hamilton Depression Scale-24 (HAMD-24) and Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation-Chinese Version (BSI-CV) assessed the depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation intensity, respectively. According to BSI-CV, MDD patients were divided into those without suicidal ideation (SC0 group) and those with suicidal ideation (SC1 group). All participants provided fecal and blood samples. Gut microbiota composition was analyzed by 16 S ribosomal RNA (16 S rRNA) sequencing. The plasma CRP levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and SCFAs by targeted gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Spearman's correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation among gut microbiota, HAMD scores, BSI scores, and plasma levels of CRP and SCFAs. Mediation analysis was performed using Model 4 of the PROCESS (version 3.5). All post-hoc pairwise comparisons in this analysis were adjusted for false discovery rate (FDR), with a FDR-corrected p &lt; 0.05 set as the significance threshold.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;1. MDD patients had significantly lower levels of acetic, propionic, and butyric acids than HC (p&lt;0.01), while their CRP levels were significantly higher (p&lt;0.001). 2. The alpha diversity analysis showed the HC group had significantly higher Good's coverage than SC0 (FDR-corrected p&lt;0.05), higher Pielou's evenness (FDR-corrected p &lt;0.05) and Simpson indices than SC1 (FDR-corrected p&lt;0.01), while SC0 also had a higher Simpson index than SC1 (FDR-corrected p&lt;0.05). The beta diversity analysis showed differences in the gut microbiota composition among the three groups (pseudo-F = 2.29, FDR-corrected p &lt;0.01). 3. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) identified 24 differentially abundant bacterial taxa across classification levels. 4. The correlation analysis showed that Blautia was positively correlated with BSI scores, HAMD scores, and CRP levels. Bacteroides, Roseburia, and Sutterella were negatively correlated with BSI and HAMD scores. 5. The mediation analysis suggested that CRP might partially mediate the relationship between Blautia and suicidal ideation intensity, but this mediating effect was confounded by depression severity.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;This study exploratorily found that MDD patients with suicidal ideation showed preliminary characteristics in gut microbiota diversity, composition, and plasma levels of CRP and SCFAs, and that CRP may play a partial mediating role in the relationship between Blautia and suicidal ideation. These findings were confounded by depression severity, and the underlying mechanisms requir","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13591921/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149015592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}