BMC Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Poor performance of PHQ-9 and GAD-7 in screening clinical depression and anxiety among a large sample of Chinese children and adolescents.","authors":"Sifan Wang, Jin Lu, Guiqing Zheng, Yandie He, Shuqing Liu, Yi Xiang, Xinyi Liu, Xiang Wang, Yuanyuan Xiao","doi":"10.1186/s12888-025-06754-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-025-06754-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7) are widely used symptom-based instruments for screening depression and anxiety. However, their validation in Chinese children and adolescents remains insufficient. We aim to investigate the performance and optimal cut-offs of PHQ-9 and GAD-7 in Chinese children and adolescents in screening clinical depression and anxiety, and to discuss the influencing factors of the cut-offs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study subjects were chosen from 3 sites of the Mental Health Survey for Children and Adolescents in Yunnan (MHSCAY), a total of 2,237 participants who had been screened positive by self-administered questionnaire and further diagnosed by using the gold standard were included in the final analysis. The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine the discriminative ability of the two instruments, measured by using the area under curve (AUC). The optimal cut-offs of the two instruments were determined by the maximum Youden's index. A series of stratified analyses were performed to discover the best cut-offs for children and adolescents of different characteristics. Logistic regression models were adopted to evaluate the influence of self-harm (SH) on identified optimal cut-offs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found the performance was generally poor for both the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 in screening clinical depression and anxiety in our study sample, with the AUCs ranged only between 0.622-0.712. When using the two instruments for diagnosis purpose, 11 was the optimal cut-off for both clinical depression and anxiety (AUC for PHQ-9: 0.664, AUC for GAD-7: 0.669). For study subjects of different age, gender, race, and left-behind status, discordant cut-offs were identified. SH also showed conspicuous influence on the optimal cut-offs of PHQ-9 and GAD-7, and the combination of SH information can increase screening accuracy of PHQ-9 in some subgroups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 showed poor performance in screening clinical depression and anxiety in our study sample. This crucial finding suggests that, despite the wide use of the two scales, they might be fundamentally inadequate for depression and anxiety screening in Chinese children and adolescents. Other screening tools of higher accuracy should be developed and used in this age group.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":"301"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143742164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Death anxiety and death literacy among Turkish patients with chronic diseases: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Vahide Semerci Çakmak, Ahmet Seven, Ebru Sönmez Sari","doi":"10.1186/s12888-025-06761-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-025-06761-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Death anxiety is common in patients with chronic diseases. Death literacy is a novel theoretical framework that enables patients to discuss death, accept it as a natural aspect of life, and get a deeper comprehension of it. However, it is unclear whether there is a relationship between death literacy and death anxiety. Furthermore, death literacy has not been sufficiently researched in Turkish society. This study investigated the levels of death anxiety and death literacy among Turkish patients with chronic diseases and the factors affecting death anxiety.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of Turkish patients with chronic diseases (n = 225). The data were collected with the Turkish Death Anxiety Scale and the Death Literacy Index. Pearson correlation, independent samples t test, One-Way ANOVA, and multiple linear regression were employed to analyse the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There exists a negative moderate correlation between death anxiety and death literacy. It has been determined that the factors that most influence patients' fear of death are their level of death literacy and gender. These factors explained 12.8% of the variance in death anxiety (R² = 0.128, F = 3.153, p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results suggest that death literacy level and gender were found to be factors affecting death anxiety of patients. Women have higher death anxiety scores. While the level of death literacy of Turkish patients with chronic diseases increases, their death anxiety decreases. The findings of the study were believed to offer a comprehensive information for healthcare practitioners in the management of such patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":"299"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951526/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143742141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A national survey of suicidality and non-suicidal self-injury in bipolar disorder: insights from network analysis.","authors":"Lvchun Cui, Yuncheng Zhu, Yang Li, Jia Zhou, Guiyun Xu, Miao Pan, Zhiyu Chen, Wenfei Li, Zhian Jiao, Mingli Li, Yong Zhang, Jingxu Chen, Xiuzhe Chen, Na Li, Jing Sun, Jian Zhang, Shaohua Hu, Haishan Wu, Zhaoyu Gan, Yan Qin, Yumei Wang, Yantao Ma, Xiaoping Wang, Xiaohong Li, Chuangxin Wu, Yiyun Cai, Jiaye Chen, Baichuan Wu, Zuowei Wang, Daihui Peng, Yiru Fang","doi":"10.1186/s12888-025-06750-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-025-06750-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is a high prevalence of suicidal ideation (SI), suicide attempts (SA), and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in bipolar disorder (BD). Understanding the nature of suicidality and NSSI in BD is an important way to inform optimal intervention for reducing suicide risk. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and correlates of SI, SA, and NSSI in patients with BD using data from a national survey. We used network analysis to explore the associations among suicidality, NSSI, addictive features of NSSI, and symptoms of BD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants with BD were recruited from 20 research centers in China. Suicidality, NSSI, addictive features, and symptoms of BD were measured via a standardized electronic case report form. We used logistic regression and network analysis for data analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 1,055 participants recruited, over 50% with depressive or mixed episodes had SI, more than 20% engaged in SA, and over 40% reported NSSI. The polarity of mood episodes was independently associated with SI ([hypo]mania vs. mixed episodes: odds ratio [OR] = 0.22, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.14-0.33, p < 0.001) and NSSI ([hypo]mania vs. mixed episodes: OR = 0.33, 95% CI 0.19-0.58, p < 0.001; depressive episodes vs. mixed episodes: OR = 0.59, 95% CI 0.35-0.98, p = 0.040). Participants with mixed episodes reported the most severe addictive features of NSSI. SI was the most influential symptom within the network model of the total sample; NSSI, SI, and depressive symptoms were identified as key \"bridge symptoms\".</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Suicidality and NSSI in BD were closely associated with depressive and mixed episodes, with mixed episodes showing the highest prevalence of NSSI and the most pronounced addictive features. SI was identified as the central symptom within the self-harm network, emphasizing its importance as an intervention target. These findings could offer potential insights regarding suicidality and NSSI in BD that can inform intervention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":"297"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951841/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143742125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increasing access to psychological therapy on acute mental health wards: staff and patient experiences of a stepped psychological intervention.","authors":"Isobel Johnston, Dawn Edge, Paul Wilson, Adele Beinaraviciute, Sandra Bucci, Richard Drake, Gill Gilworth, Gillian Haddock, Fritz Handerer, Sonalia Kaur, Karina Lovell, Helen Morley, Owen Price, Mica Samji, Katherine Berry","doi":"10.1186/s12888-025-06721-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-025-06721-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Psychological therapies are recommended for people with serious mental health problems. However, access is limited, particularly in inpatient mental health settings. The Talk, Understand and Listen in InPatient Settings (TULIPS) study is a large multi-centre cluster-randomised controlled trial which aimed to evaluate a stepped psychological intervention model to increase access to therapies for inpatients. This paper presents findings from the embedded process evaluation focusing on the contextual factors influencing intervention delivery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-two staff and 31 patients from wards receiving the intervention participated in semi-structured interviews. Data was analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Staff and patient data were analysed separately but perspectives were compared and interwoven resulting in five themes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients reported sessions with psychologists facilitated greater self-understanding and coping. Staff and patients reflected that formulations improved staff understanding of patient presentations. This understanding was associated with improved staff-patient relationships, more person focused practice and reduced conflict and burnout. Psychologists' frequent physical presence on the wards and support of nursing teams enabled staff buy-in. However, significant barriers in resource, skill and confidence inhibited the delivery of nurse-led interventions within the stepped care model, as did perceptions that intervention delivery was outside the remit of nursing staff's role.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides evidence that a stepped psychological intervention on acute mental health wards could improve patient coping and ward experience for patients and staff. Future studies should target nursing staff confidence and skill in the delivery of psychological interventions.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03950388. Registered 15th May 2019. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03950388 .</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":"300"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11954329/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143742146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between childhood trauma and internet addiction in adolescents with depression: the mediating role of insomnia and alexithymia.","authors":"Xixin Wang, Feng Sun, Feng Geng, Changhao Chen, Jiawei Wang, Xiangwang Wen, Xiangfen Luo, Huanzhong Liu","doi":"10.1186/s12888-025-06739-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-025-06739-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The correlation between depressive symptoms and internet addiction in adolescents is strengthened, and childhood trauma is an important predictor of internet addiction. However, the mechanism of childhood trauma on internet addiction in adolescents with depression remains unclear. This study investigates the current status and factors influencing internet addiction in adolescents with depression and further examines whether insomnia and alexithymia mediate childhood trauma and internet addiction in adolescents with depression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study investigated 300 adolescent patients in 7 hospitals in Anhui province. General demographic characteristics such as age and gender were collected. The clinical characteristics of the patients were measured using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire Short Form (CTQ-SF), Internet Addiction Test (IAT), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20). PROCESS (Model 4) was used to examine the mediating effects of insomnia and alexithymia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of internet addiction among adolescents with depression was 50.2%. There were statistically significant differences between the internet addiction group and the non-internet addiction group in terms of relationships with classmates, relationships with teachers, family relations, and economic status. The total score of CTQ and its five subscale scores were significantly and positively correlated with the total score of IAT. Insomnia and externally oriented thinking (EOT) played a significant mediating role in the effect of physical neglect (PN) on internet addiction.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Insomnia and alexithymia play a significant mediating role between childhood trauma and internet addiction in adolescents with depression, which expand the existing understanding of internet addiction in adolescents with depression, and provide some theoretical references to address the problem of internet addiction in adolescents with depression and prevent the development of adolescent depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":"298"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951633/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143742177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychiatrist-led hepatitis C (HCV) treatment at an opioid agonist treatment clinic in Stockholm- a model to enhance the HCV continuum of care.","authors":"Per-Erik Klasa, Mikael Sandell, Soo Aleman, Martin Kåberg","doi":"10.1186/s12888-025-06733-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12888-025-06733-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>People with opioid agonist therapy (OAT) represent a population with an increased hepatitis C (HCV) prevalence. Recent studies provide strong evidence regarding effective HCV treatment outcomes and low levels of reinfection in this population. Increased access to HCV care for people with OAT is essential to reach the WHO goal of eliminating HCV as a major public health threat by 2030.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Maria OAT clinic, located in central Stockholm, provides OAT for approximately 500 patients. The majority have a history of injection drug use. In October 2017, psychiatrist-led HCV treatment was initiated, with remote consultation support from the local infectious diseases clinic. All OAT staff participated in HCV-specific education to increase HCV awareness. To evaluate HCV treatment outcomes for this model of care, we examined sustained virological response (SVR) and reinfection rates between January 2018 and December 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between October 2017 and June 2022, 133 participants received HCV treatment through weekly administrations or directly observed treatment. 72% were men, and the overall mean age was 44.7 years. Six participants were retreated, giving a total of 139 treatment initiations. All were HCV RNA negative at end of treatment, and 88% reached SVR. A total of 11 reinfections post SVR were noted, with a reinfection rate of 7.3/100 person-years (95% CI 4.1-12.9).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, successful HCV treatment results and levels of reinfections consistent with the literature were achieved. Bringing HCV diagnostics and treatment to an OAT clinic constitutes a good example of enhancing the HCV continuum of care. Furthermore, HCV treatment education for psychiatrists, addiction specialists and staff at OAT clinics makes HCV care more sustainable, as specifically noted during the COVID-19 pandemic. This successful model of care, introducing HCV treatment by psychiatrists on-site at OAT clinics, has now been further implemented at other OAT clinics in Stockholm.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":"291"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948708/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex differences in help-seeking behavior for depression in Lesotho: findings from a national survey.","authors":"Joshua Okyere, Castro Ayebeng, Kwamena Sekyi Dickson","doi":"10.1186/s12888-025-06749-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12888-025-06749-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Given the many adverse health outcomes associated with depression, it is imperative to promote help-seeking behaviors. However, in Lesotho, there are no published studies that have investigated the help-seeking dynamics for depression. As such, the following questions remain unanswered: (a) What proportion of people living with depression in Lesotho seek help? (b) Are there significant sex differences in the factors associated with help-seeking for depression? To address these questions, we examined the prevalence and sex differences in the factors associated with help-seeking for depression in Lesotho.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Secondary data from the 2023-2024 Lesotho demographic and health survey was used. We sampled 2172 men and 1484 women. Binary logistic regression models were fitted in STATA 18. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, the proportion of women who sought help for depression was slightly higher (17.1% [14.4-20.3]) compared to men (16.4% [14.3-18.8]). More women (43.6%) sought help for depression from formal help providers than men. Likewise, more than half of male participants (60%) sought help from informal sources. Among men, those with moderate depression had significantly higher odds of seeking help (AOR = 2.02, 95%CI: 1.56-2.61). Help-seeking was also more likely among men with secondary education (AOR = 1.98, 95%CI: 1.13-3.47), those currently in a union (AOR = 1.85, 95%CI: 1.41-2.42) or previously in a union (AOR = 2.30, 95%CI: 1.54-3.45), and those in the richest wealth index (AOR = 1.64, 95%CI: 1.06-2.53). Among women, moderate (AOR = 2.41, 95%CI: 1.76-3.32) and severe depression (AOR = 3.42, 95%CI: 2.26-5.18) significantly increased help-seeking likelihood. Women aged 45-59 years (AOR = 2.46, 95%CI: 1.36-4.45), exposed to media (AOR = 1.63, 95%CI: 1.21-2.19), or consuming alcohol (AOR = 1.36, 95%CI: 1.01-1.84) also had higher odds of seeking help.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Help-seeking for depression is low among men and women in Lesotho. However, the factors associated with help-seeking differ by sex. Among women, leveraging the media could yield more effective outcomes; among men, addressing poverty and improving education could prove effective in improving help-seeking for depression. The study also underscores a need to focus on harnessing the potential of informal support networks.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":"290"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948660/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of paternity-maternity matching on suicide risk among college students: a response surface analysis.","authors":"Yuting Zhan, Weixing Jing","doi":"10.1186/s12888-025-06715-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12888-025-06715-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of father-child and mother-child relationships on the suicide risk of college students.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A questionnaire survey was conducted on 1,215 college students using the Parent-Child Relationship Questionnaire and the Suicidal Behavior Questionnaire. 1,215 questionnaires were distributed, and after quality control, 948 were valid the Psychological Distress Questionnaire, Polynomial regression and response surface analyses were performed to analyze the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study found a significant relationship between parent-child relationship patterns and suicide risk in college students. Students with high-quality relationships with both parents (\"high paternity-high maternity\") showed the lowest suicide risk. Conversely, those with poor relationships with both parents (\"low paternity-low maternity\") exhibited the highest risk. When examining discordant relationships, students with high father-child but low mother-child relationship quality showed lower suicide risk compared to those with low father-child but high mother-child relationship quality, suggesting a potentially stronger protective effect of father-child relationships in this cultural context. The study also found that psychological distress played a partial mediating role in the relationship between father-child relationship and college students' suicide risk, and a full mediating role in the relationship between mother-child relationship and college students' suicide risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The conclusion drawn was that similar levels of father-child and mother-child relationships significantly predicted the risk of suicide among college students.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":"296"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951733/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prevalence and correlates of low resilience in patients prior to discharge from acute psychiatric units in Alberta, Canada.","authors":"Ernest Owusu, Wanying Mao, Reham Shalaby, Hossam Eldin Elgendy, Belinda Agyapong, Ejemai Eboreime, Mobolaji A Lawal, Nnamdi Nkire, Yifeng Wei, Peter H Silverstone, Pierre Chue, Xin-Min Li, Wesley Vuong, Arto Ohinmaa, Valerie Taylor, Carla T Hilario, Andrew J Greenshaw, Vincent I O Agyapong","doi":"10.1186/s12888-025-06704-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12888-025-06704-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Many people experience at least one traumatic event in their lifetime. Although such traumatic events can precipitate psychiatric disorders, many individuals exhibit high resilience by adapting to such events with little disruption or may recover their baseline level of functioning after a transient symptomatic period. Low levels of resilience are under-explored, and this study investigates the prevalence and correlates of low resilience in patients before discharge from psychiatric acute care facilities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Respondents for this study were recruited from nine psychiatric in-patient units across Alberta. Demographic and clinical information were collected via a REDCap online survey. The brief resilience scale (BRS) was used to measure levels of resilience where a score of less than 3.0 was indicative of low resilience. A chi-square analysis followed by a binary logistic regression model was employed to identify significant predictors of low resilience.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,004 individuals took part in this study. Of these 35.9% were less than 25 years old, 34.7% were above 40 years old, 54.8% were female, and 62.3% self-identified as Caucasian. The prevalence of low resilience in the study cohort was 55.3%. Respondents who identified as females were one and a half times more likely to show low resilience (OR = 1.564; 95% C.I. = 1.79-2.10), while individuals with 'other gender' identity were three and a half times more likely to evidence low resilience (OR = 3.646; 95% C.I. = 1.36-9.71) compared to males. Similarly, Caucasians were two and one-and-a-half times respectively more likely to present with low resilience compared with respondents who identified as Black (OR = 2.21; 95% C.I. = 1.45-3.70) or Asian (OR = 1.589; 95% C.I. = 1.45-2.44). Additionally, individuals with a diagnosis of depression were significantly more likely to have low resilience than those with a diagnosis of either bipolar disorder (OR = 2.567; 95% C.I. = 1.72-3.85) or schizophrenia (OR = 4.081;95% C.I. = 2.63-6.25).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Several demographic and clinical factors were identified as predictors of likely low resilience. The findings may facilitate the identification of vulnerable groups to enable their increased access to support programs that may enhance resilience.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>clinicaltrials.gov, NCT05133726. Registered on the 24th of November 2021.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":"295"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951555/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A 10-week remote monitoring study of sleep features and their variability in individuals with and without ADHD.","authors":"Hayley Denyer, Ewan Carr, Qigang Deng, Philip Asherson, Andrea Bilbow, Amos Folarin, Madeleine J Groom, Chris Hollis, Heet Sankesara, Richard Jb Dobson, Jonna Kuntsi","doi":"10.1186/s12888-025-06729-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12888-025-06729-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>People with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often report disturbed sleep, as well as co-occurring symptoms of anxiety and depression. Yet studies employing objective assessments often do not show as many sleep disturbances compared to subjective measures. These discrepancies may relate to subjective reports capturing problematic nights, which may not be captured in a single night's sleep or by averaging objective measurements over several nights. Given that variability in behaviours is in general strongly linked to ADHD, individuals with ADHD could have greater sleep variability than individuals without ADHD. Using active and passive remote monitoring, we investigate differences in the level and variability of daily sleep behaviours between individuals with and without ADHD and explore if sleep is associated with changes in anxiety and depressive symptoms across a 10-week remote monitoring period.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty individuals (20 with ADHD, 20 without) took part in a 10-week remote monitoring study. Active monitoring involved participants completing questionnaires on ADHD and co-occurring psychiatric symptoms at weeks 2, 6 and 10. Passive monitoring involved participants wearing a wearable device (Fitbit) that measured sleep each night.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Individuals with and without ADHD were similar in the levels of sleep recorded each night. However, compared to those without ADHD, participants with ADHD had more variable sleep duration, sleep onset and offset, and sleep efficiency over 10 weeks. Within-individual associations of co-occurring anxiety and depressive symptoms with the sleep features were non-significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In a 10-week remote monitoring study of sleep using a wearable device, we show that what distinguishes individuals with ADHD from those without is their greater variability in sleep features: participants with ADHD had a more variable sleep duration, sleep onset and offset, and sleep efficiency. Inconsistency and high variability are hallmarks of ADHD, and we show that this characteristic extends also to sleep among adolescents and adults with ADHD.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Clinical trial number: not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"25 1","pages":"294"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951673/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}